Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: M0446/Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi
: 2005
: 0/0
Pertemuan 14
Arsitektur Process
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Membagi class menjadi component
2
Outline Materi
• System Process
3
Application Domain Analysis
in Context of OOA&D Activities
Requirements
for use
System Choice
(Pre-analysis)
Analysis of
problem
System domain
Definition
Model
Analysis of
application
domain
Design of
components
Specifications for
components
Specifications for
architecture
(adapted from Mathiassen et al, 2000)
Design of
architecture
Now continue
with this area of
activity and
its product
4
Dua Bagian dari arsitektur
• Component architecture: Struktur sistem
yang terdiri dari komponen yang saling
terinterkoneksi
• Process architecture: struktur eksekusi
sistem yang terdiri dari proses yang saling
bergantungan (interdependent)
5
Arsitektur komponen dan proses
Component Architecture:
–
–
–
–
–
Classes
Stable aspects
Related components
Logical level
Structure for descriptions
Process Architecture
–
–
–
–
–
Objects
Dynamic aspects
Coordination of processes
Physical level
Structure for execution
(Mathiassen et al, 2000)
6
Process Architecture
7
Main Activities in
Architectural Design
Analysis
document
Component
architecture
Criteria
Finally, we’ll look
at this activity
Process
architecture
Architectural
specification
(Mathiassen et al, 2000)
8
Introduction
• Now concentrate on objects and their
involvement in processes
• Need to coordinate when have multiple
processes with shared resources
– Processors
– Program components
– External devices
• Results:
– Deployment diagram showing processors, assigned
components, and active objects
– Outline of solutions for coordination mechanisms
9
When & Why
• Not a significant activity for a simple system with
a single process, e.g. a stand-alone system
• Critical for large systems, especially monitoring
and control systems, & embedded systems
• May wait to begin this activity until component
architecture and components are nearly
complete
• May start this activity early with exploratory and
experimental work, which heavily influences
components
10
Terminology
• Process Architecture: A system-execution
structure composed of interdependent
processes
• Process: A collection of operations that
are executed in a bounded and linked
sequence
• Processor: A piece of equipment that can
execute a program
11
Terminology (2)
• Program Component: A physical module of
program code
• Active object: An object that has been
assigned a process
12
Processes, Active Objects, and
Shared Objects
Process
1
Object
1
o1
o2
Potential conflict
over shared
program
component
Object 3
o5
o6
Object 2
Process 3
Process 2
Active object
because it starts
a new process
Object
4
o3
o4
o7
o8
Object 5
o9
Process 4
o10
13
Concurrency
• True concurrency: When two or more events in
the system’s context can occur at the same time
and processes must support this (e.g. multiple
users)
• Random concurrency: When two or more
operations are designed to be executed at the
same time (e.g. print in background)
• Don’t have any choice about the former
14
Principles
• Aim at an architecture without bottlenecks
– would slow down the system and cause
problems
• Distribute components on processors
• Coordinate resource sharing with active
objects
15