Queens Borough
Winner
Elementary Division
Alexander Graham
Bell School PS 205
2015 GOLDEN APPLE AWARDS
This certiÀcate is awarded with the sincere appreciation and esteem
of a grateful Department and City in recognition of your school’s efforts to help make New York City shine.
City of New York
Department of Sanitation
Bureau of Recycling and Sustainability
nyc.gov/recycle
GAA-TUcert 06.15
Queens
Winner
PS 205
Alexander Graham
Bell School
2015 GOLDEN APPLE AWARDS
This certificate is awarded with the sincere appreciation and esteem
of a grateful Department and City in recognition of your school’s efforts to help make New York City shine.
City of New York
Department of Sanitation
Bureau of Recycling and Sustainability
nyc.gov/recycle
Created and funded since 1993 by the NYC
Department of Sanitation, NYC Compost Project provides
compost outreach and education to NYC residents,
community groups, and landscapers in all five boroughs.
GAA-GScert 06.15
2015 Golden Apple Awards
Contest Entry Judging Info
(This sheet prepared for judges' use by DSNY BRS)
15001
ID Info:
School:
Alexander Graham Bell School PS 205
Grade Division
LM
Borough:
Q
Affiliation: DOE
(for borough Master School Composter)
Cash Prize
$5,000
Team Up to Clean Up Award
Golden Shovel Award
Borough Winner
GS-Q
Team Up to Clean Up
Clean, Green Composting Team
PS 205 students began a grassroots, school-based compost campaign by partnering with NYU's Wallerstein
Collaborative and Queens Botanical Garden. They implemented food scrap collection in the school's cafeteria, which
the students weigh and track and then use to create their own compost which is eventually used in their school garden.
Additionally, students revitalized an overgrown high tunnel into a garden filled with flowers, herbs, and vegetables that
welcomed Monarch butterflies. The revitalization project engaged various local stakeholders to reinforce the
beautification of the neighborhood.
Weblink final
http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/dsny/downloads/pdf/golden-apple-awards/GA15_TU_LM_Q_Q205-Alexander-Graham-Bell_
entry.pdf
325
School Population: total #
Core Group:
Total Participating:
50
300
Collaborations
NYC Organics Collection
Prior Year Entries:
NYC Compost Project
02:SR-part,RR-part,TU-C,Rose;03:TU-boro;04:TU-boro;05:RR-ru,TU-boro;06:TU-boro,R
R-ru;07:TU-ru,SR-part;08:RR-ru,TU-C
GrowNYC RCP
Current Entries
GrowNYC Grow To Learn
MFTA
15:TU-boro,GS-Q
NWF Eco-Schools
NYRP MillionTreesNY
NYRP Rose
Citizens Comm for NYC
School Contact Information:
718 464-5773
Phone:
Address: 75-25 Bell Blvd
Bayside
4077530001
Block&Lot:
DOE Location: Q205
Q205
DOE Bldg:
Printed:
6/11/2015
11364
Contest Coordinator:
Cassandra Laugen
Principal:
Karen Scott-Piazza
Sustainability Coord:
Lilly Chu
Custodian:
Rocco Capitini
ᄺࣱअंࢽ࣠उंࣾऋࣉࢽࣤएंंऋࢽ࣠ऌऊऍऌऐऑआऋऄࢽࣱंࣾऊᄻࢽ
ࣱअंࢽࣞउंकࣾऋँंएࢽࣤएࣾअࣾऊࢽࣟंउउࢽࣰऀअऌऌउࢽࣰ࣭࣋࣋ࢽ࣏࣒࣮࣍ࢽ
࣒࣐࣒ࣔ࣊ࢽࣟंउउࢽࣟउओँࣉࢽࣟࣾखऐआँंࢽ࣐࣓࣑࣎࣎ࢽ
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ࣴअखࢽࣱअआऐࣜࢽ
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ࣴअंऋࢽऑअंࢽ࣏࣑࣍࣎ࢽࣰࣶ࣫ࢽࣰऑࣾऋँࣾएँआगंँࢽ࣢कࣾऊऐࢽऔंएंࢽऌओंएࣉࢽऑअंࢽःऌऒएऑअࢽऄएࣾँंएऐࢽऔंएंࢽ
ࣿऒएऋऑࢽऌऒऑࢽࣾऋँࢽऑअंࢽउऌओंࢽऌःࢽउंࣾएऋआऋऄࢽऐंंऊंँࢽऑऌࢽअࣾओंࢽःࣾँंँ࣋ࢽࣣऌऒएऑअࢽऄएࣾँंࢽऑंࣾऀअंएࣉࢽ
࣠ࣾऐऐࣾऋँएࣾࢽࣩࣾऒऄंऋࢽऔࣾऐࢽࣾࣿऌऒऑࢽऑऌࢽःआऋआऐअࢽअंएࢽऐंऀऌऋँࢽखंࣾएࢽआऋࢽऑअंࢽᄺࣦऋऑऌࢽऑअंࢽࣴऌऌँऐᄻࢽ
ऍएऌऄएࣾऊࢽࣾऑࢽ࣮ऒंंऋᄹऐࢽ࣠ऌउउंऄं࣋ࢽࣲऋँंएࢽऑअंࢽँआएंऀऑआऌऋࢽऌःࢽ࣭ंऑंएࢽࣰऀअऊआँऑࣉࢽअंएࢽऀऌऋऑंऋऑࢽ
ईऋऌऔउंँऄंࢽऌःࢽ࣢ࣾएऑअࢽࣰऀआंऋऀंࢽऔࣾऐࢽँंंऍंऋंँࢽࣾऋँࢽऑअंࢽऋंंँࢽऑऌࢽऄंऑࢽईआँऐࢽउंࣾएऋआऋऄࢽ
ऌऒऑऐआँंࢽࣿंऀࣾऊंࢽंओंए࣊ऍएंऐंऋऑ࣋ࢽࣞऑࢽऑअंࢽऐࣾऊंࢽऑआऊंࣉࢽऑअंࢽअआऄअࢽऑऒऋऋंउࢽआऋࢽऑअंࢽऐऀअऌऌउࢽ
ऄࣾएँंऋࣉࢽएऒऋࢽँऌऔऋࢽࣅࣾउऐऌࢽओआऐआࣿउखࢽࣿऒएऋऑࢽऌऒऑࣆࢽऔࣾऐࢽᄺऀࣾउउआऋऄࢽअंएࢽऋࣾऊं࣋ᄻࢽࣰअंࢽअࣾँࢽࣾऋࢽ
ᄺࣾ࣊अࣾᄻࢽऊऌऊंऋऑࢽऔअंऋࢽऐअंࢽएंࣾउआगंँࢽऑअंࢽऌओंएऄएऌऔऋࢽअआऄअࢽऑऒऋऋंउࢽऔऌऒउँࢽࣿंࢽऑअंࢽऊࣾऑऀअࢽ
ऑऌࢽएंआऄऋआऑंࢽऑअंࢽउऌओंࢽऌःࢽउंࣾएऋआऋऄࢽऑअंࢽऀअआउँएंऋࢽऐऌࢽँंऐऍंएࣾऑंउखࢽऋंंँंँ࣋ࢽ࣯ंओࣾऊऍआऋऄࢽ
ऑअंࢽऐऀअऌऌउࢽऄࣾएँंऋࢽऔऌऒउँࢽऋऌऑࢽऌऋउखࢽࣿंऀऌऊंࢽऑअंआएࢽऀउࣾऐऐएऌऌऊࣉࢽࣿऒऑࢽࣾउऐऌࢽऔऌऒउँࢽ
ऒउऑआऊࣾऑंउखࢽऑंࣾऀअࢽऑअंऊࢽउआःंउऌऋऄࢽउंऐऐऌऋऐࢽऌऋࢽࣾउऑएऒआऐऊࣉࢽएंऐऍऌऋऐआࣿआउआऑखࢽࣾऋँࢽ
ंऋओआएऌऋऊंऋऑࣾउआऐऊ࣋ࢽࣰऌऌऋࣉࢽࣾࢽऄएࣾऐऐ࣊एऌऌऑऐࢽऐऀअऌऌउࢽआऊऍएऌओंऊंऋऑࢽऍएऌइंऀऑࢽऔࣾऐࢽࣿऌएऋ࣋ࢽࣱअंࢽ
एऒऋࢽँऌऔऋࣉࢽःऌएऄऌऑऑंऋࢽऄࣾएँंऋࢽࣿंऀࣾऊंࢽࣾࢽउआःंउआऋंࢽःऌएࢽऊࣾऋखࢽऐऑऒँंऋऑऐࢽऔअआऀअࢽउंँࢽऑऌࢽࣾࢽ
ऋࣾऑऒएࣾउࢽऍएऌऄएंऐऐआऌऋࢽऌःࢽउंࣾएऋआऋऄࢽࣾऀऑआओआऑआंऐࢽࣾऀएऌऐऐࢽऑअंࢽऀऌऋऑंऋऑࢽࣾएंࣾऐࢽऑअࣾऑࢽ
ंकऀंंँंँࢽऐऑࣾःःࢽࣾऋँࢽऐऑऒँंऋऑࢽंकऍंऀऑࣾऑआऌऋऐ࣋ࢽࢽ
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Student Involvement and Educational Components:
Within a short time after the garden cleanup with Dr. Mary Leou, the garden became part of student daily life. An
artistic fourth grader, designed a logo for our composting team and our PTA provided the funds to have t-shirts made for
every child in grade 4. . Students sported their shirts to present their project at Queen’s College and The 2014 STEM Expo in
New York City Also, they wore them on key gardening days and during scrap collection. Students fulfilled the Common Core
Learning Standards in Speaking and Oral Presentation as they spoke about their project to fellow peers and scientists.
Students kept garden journals where they documented their daily experiences in the garden through art and creative
writing, fulfilling various writing standards.
The once tired and overgrown high tunnel became home to a variety of plump tomatoes, towering sunflowers and
delicious herbs. Students identified herbs such as basil, sage, peppermint and lemon balm, picked them and cooked with
them at home with families, strengthening the home-school connection. Students became problem solvers when the
compost bin was swarmed with fruit flies. They resorted to their trouble shooting guides provided by the Queen’s Botanical
Garden. Using old water bottles and apple cider vinegar, students set up fruit fly traps. To combat a slug invasion in the
lettuce beds, students set up slug traps. One of the parents, a true gardening guru, visited the class and taught them how
to use beer and recycled yogurt cups to trap slugs. She also donated cocoa shells and egg shells to spread around the soil.
How We Got “It” to Work......
Since P.S. 205 is a small school, there in only one lunch period. Fourth graders were assigned a
number from 1-5 which corresponded to the days of the school week. Students wore their t-shirts
on their assigned day and were assigned a lunch table. There, they collected food scraps at the
lunch tables and dumped them into the compost bin. Another child “guarded” the compost bin to
ensure the younger students didn’t contaminate the bin. Two students used safety knives to cut up
the apple cores before they went into the compost bin. Another group of students then weighed
the bin and recorded its weight for that day using a data sheet. One child weighed herself and then
weighed herself holding the compost bin. They calculated the difference and recorded it on the
data sheet. Every Friday, the totals were added. The principal announced how many pounds of
food scraps were collected that week to promote student composting efforts.
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Fourth graders also participated in a Monarch Butterfly study using the online
database, Journey North. Students studied the Monarch migratory patterns to Mexico. They
learned about how overwintering has put monarchs on the engendered species list. This
empowered students even more to compost! Fourth graders raised Monarchs in the classrooms
while they made and recorded observations. Simultaneously, they planted Milkweed, providing
Monarchs with food and Buddleia providing a safe place for Monarchs to lay their eggs right
in our school garden. The Monarch Study connected the dots for students as they began to
witness how everything in nature is truly connected and how we as humans have power to
make our work a better place. Watching faces as they released those fragile, close to
engendered species into our garden was nothing short of extraordinary, a truly rare yet
magical moment! The spark had surely been lit!
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͸ΒΣΕΟΖΣ‫׏‬Τ͑;ΦΝΥΚΡΝΖ͑ͺΟΥΖΝΝΚΘΖΟΔΖΤ͑ΨΖΣΖ͑ΒΡΡΝΚΖΕ͑ΗΦΝΝ͑ΗΠΣΔΖ͑
ΥΙΣΠΦΘΙΠΦΥ͑ΥΙΚΤ͑ΖΟΥΚΣΖ͑ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑͟ͺΟ͑ͻΦΟΖ͑ΒΤ͑Β͑ΔΦΝΞΚΟΒΥΚΟΘ͑ΒΔΥΚΧΚΥΪ͑͝
ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΙΒΕ͑ΡΣΖΡΒΣΖΕ͑ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΓΠΒΣΕΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥ͑ΒΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑‫ג‬ͺΟΥΠ͑
ΥΙΖ͑ΈΠΠΕΤ‫͑ד‬ΤΔΚΖΟΔΖ͑ΖΩΡΠ͑ΒΥ͑΂ΦΖΖΟ‫׏‬Τ͑ʹΠΝΝΖΘΖ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΒΥ͑ͿΊΆ‫׏‬Τ͑΄΅Ͷ;͑
΄ΙΠΨΔΒΤΖ͑͟΄ΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΨΖΣΖ͑ΒΓΝΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΔΙΠΠΤΖ͑ΨΙΚΔΙ͑ΡΒΣΥ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΥΙΖΪ͑ΨΒΟΥΖΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΓΖ͑ΡΒΣΥ͑ΠΗ͑͟ͷΠΣ͑ΖΩΒΞΡΝΖ͑͝ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΨΙΠ͑
ΝΠΧΖΕ͑ΞΒΥΙ͑͝ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥΖΕ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΕΒΥΒ͑͟΅ΙΖΪ͑ΣΖΤΖΒΣΔΙΖΕ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΖΤΥΚΞΒΥΖΕ͑ΙΠΨ͑
ΞΦΔΙ͑ͿΖΨ͑ΊΠΣΜ͑ʹΚΥΪ͑ΤΡΖΟΕΤ͑ΠΟ͑ΤΖΟΕΚΟΘ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΘΒΣΓΒΘΖ͑ΠΦΥ͑ΠΗ͑ΤΥΒΥΖ͑͟΅ΙΖΪ͑
ΒΝΤΠ͑ΔΒΝΔΦΝΒΥΖΕ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΥΠΥΒΝ͑ΒΞΠΦΟΥ͑ΠΗ͑ΡΠΦΟΕΤ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΖΕ͑ΚΟ͑
ΥΨΠ͑ΤΙΠΣΥ͑ΞΠΟΥΙΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΦΤΖΕ͑ΥΙΠΤΖ͑ΟΦΞΓΖΣΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑ΙΠΨ͑ΞΦΔΙ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΓΖ͑
ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΖΕ͑ΚΟ͑ΠΟΖ͑ΪΖΒΣ͑ΦΤΚΟΘ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΕΒΥΒ͑ΤΙΖΖΥΤ͑͟ͲΣΥΚΤΥΚΔ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑
ΔΣΖΒΥΖΕ͑ΤΚΘΟΒΘΖ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΔΒΥΔΙΪ͑ΝΠΘΠΤ͑͝ΕΖΤΚΘΟΖΕ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΓΠΒΣΕΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΔΣΖΒΥΖΕ͑
ΠΣΚΘΒΞΚ͑ΥΦΝΚΡΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΒΤΤ͑ΠΦΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΠΤΖ͑ΨΙΠ͑ΧΚΤΚΥΖΕ͑ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΤΥΒΥΚΠΟ͑͟
ʹΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑Β͑ΝΠΧΖ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΨΣΚΥΚΟΘ͑͝ΨΣΠΥΖ͑ΒΓΠΦΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΠΒΝΤ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑
ΒΟΕ͑ΖΕΚΥΖΕ͑ΨΠΣΜΤ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΡΖΖΣΤ͑͟΅ΙΠΤΖ͑ΨΙΠ͑ΙΒΕ͑Β͑ΜΟΒΔΜ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΤΔΚΖΟΔΖ͑͝
ΣΖΤΖΒΣΔΙΖΕ͑ͲΖΣΠΓΚΔ͑͵ΚΘΖΤΥΚΠΟ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΙΠΨ͑ΚΥ͑ΔΣΖΒΥΖΤ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑͟΅ΙΖ͑ΗΦΥΦΣΖ͑
ΖΟΘΚΟΖΖΣΤ͑ΔΣΖΒΥΖΕ͑Β͑ΞΠΕΖΝ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΝΒΪΠΦΥ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑ΦΤΚΟΘ͑
ΔΖΟΥΚΞΖΥΖΣ͑ΘΣΚΕ͑ΡΒΡΖΣ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΙΒΣΖ͑‫ג‬ΥΙΖ͑ΧΚΤΚΠΟ͟‫ʹ͑͑ד‬ΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΤΥΣΠΟΘ͑
ΚΟΥΣΒΡΖΣΤΠΟΒΝ͑ΤΜΚΝΝΤ͑ΠΣΒΝΝΪ͑ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥΖΕ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑ΠΟ͑
ΓΖΙΒΝΗ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΡΖΖΣΤ͑͟ͽΚΥΖΣΒΝΝΪ͑ΒΝΝ͑ΞΚΟΕΤ͑‫ג‬ΨΖΣΖ͑ΠΟ‫͑ד‬ΥΙΣΠΦΘΙΠΦΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΖΟΥΚΣΖ͑ΡΣΠΔΖΤΤ͑͟
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΁ΣΖΤΤͫ͑
ΈΖ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΗΖΒΥΦΣΖΕ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑΂ΦΖΖΟ‫׏‬Τ͑ʹΠΝΝΖΘΖ͑ΈΖΓΤΚΥΖ͑
ΙΥΥΡͫ͠͠ΨΨΨ͟΢Δ͟ΔΦΟΪ͟ΖΕΦ͠ͲΔΒΕΖΞΚΔΤ͠͵ΖΘΣΖΖΤ͠͵;Ϳ΄͠ΤΖΖΤ͠͸ͽ΀ͳͶ͠ͺΟΥΠ
͖ͣ͡ΥΙΖ͖ͣ͡ΈΠΠΕΤ͠΁ΒΘΖΤ͠΄ΖΣΧΚΔΖ͞ͽΖΒΣΟΚΟΘ͟ΒΤΡΩ͑
ΈΖ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑Ϳ΀Ͳ͹͑΄ΚΥΖ͑ΥΠΠ͒͑
ΙΥΥΡͫ͠͠ΨΨΨ͟ΠΖΤΕ͟ΟΠΒΒ͟ΘΠΧ͠ΒΣΔΙΚΧΖ͟ΡΙΡͰΔΒΥΖͮ͸΃ͲͿ΅ͶͶ͑
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΄ΥΦΕΖΟΥ͑ΈΠΣΜ͑΄ΒΞΡΝΖΤ
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ʹΠΝΝΒΓΠΣΒΥΚΠΟ͑͟͟‫ג‬ͺΥ͑ΥΒΜΖΤ͑Β͑ΧΚΝΝΒΘΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΘΣΠΨ͑Β͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͒‫͑ד‬
ʹΠΞΞΦΟΚΥΪ͑ΣΖΤΠΦΣΔΖΤ͑ΨΖΣΖ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΓΒΔΜΓΠΟΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΚΤ͑ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑͟΁ΖΥΖΣ͑
΄ΔΙΞΚΕΥ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑‫ג‬ͺΟΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΈΠΠΕΤ‫͑ד‬ΡΣΠΧΚΕΖΕ͑ΣΖΤΠΦΣΔΖΤ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑;ΠΟΒΣΔΙ͑
ΤΥΦΕΪ͑ΤΦΔΙ͑ΒΤ͑Β͑ΓΦΥΥΖΣΗΝΪ͑ΔΒΤΥΝΖ͑͝ΞΚΝΜΨΖΖΕ͑ΤΖΖΕΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΤΖΖΕΝΚΟΘΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑
ΥΙΖ͑ΒΔΥΦΒΝ͑ΝΒΣΧΒΖ͑ΒΝΠΟΘ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΤΠΚΝ͑ΗΖΣΥΚΝΚΥΪ͑ΜΚΥΤ͑͟͵Σ͑͟;ΒΣΪ͑ͽΖΠΦ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΙΖΣ͑
ΘΣΒΕΦΒΥΖ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΔΠΟΥΚΟΦΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΓΖ͑Β͑ΤΠΦΣΔΖ͑ΠΗ͑ΤΦΡΡΠΣΥ͑ΨΙΚΝΖ͑ΡΣΠΧΚΕΚΟΘ͑
ΒΕΧΚΔΖ͑ΒΝΠΟΘ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΨΒΪ͑͟΅ΙΖ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΨΠΦΝΕΟ‫׏‬Υ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΓΖΖΟ͑ΡΠΤΤΚΓΝΖ͑
ΨΚΥΙ͑ͻΖΣΖΞΪ͑ΒΟΕ͑;ΒΣΘΦΖΣΚΥΖ͑ΒΥ͑΂ΦΖΖΟ‫׏‬Τ͑ͳΠΥΒΟΚΔΒΝ͑͸ΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟ͲΝΤΠ͑͝΃ΠΔΜΪ͑
ΠΦΣ͑ΔΦΤΥΠΕΚΒΝ͑ΖΟΘΚΟΖΖΣ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΙΚΤ͑ΥΖΒΞ͑ΨΒΥΖΣ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑ΠΧΖΣ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΤΦΞΞΖΣ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΡΣΠΧΚΕΖ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΣΖΡΒΚΣΤ͑͟΃ΠΔΜΪ͑ΚΤ͑ΚΟΧΠΝΧΖΕ͑
ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΖΟΥΚΣΖ͑ΡΝΒΟΟΚΟΘ͑ΡΣΠΔΖΤΤ͑ΨΙΚΔΙ͑ΚΤ͑ΜΖΪ͑͟͹Ζ͑ΝΖΥΤ͑ΦΤ͑ΜΟΠΨ͑ΨΙΖΣΖ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΓΖΤΥ͑ΝΠΔΒΥΚΠΟΤ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΡΣΠΡΖΣΥΪ͑ΚΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΖΥ͑ΦΡ͑Ζ΢ΦΚΡΞΖΟΥ͑ΤΦΔΙ͑ΒΤ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑ΓΚΟΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΙΒΤ͑ΚΟΤΥΒΝΝΖΕ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΚΣΣΚΘΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΤΪΤΥΖΞ͑͟΃ΠΔΜΪ͑ΙΒΤ͑ΓΖΖΟ͑
ΠΦΣ͑‫ג‬ΘΠ͑ΥΠ‫͑ד‬ΖΧΖΣΪ͑ΤΥΖΡ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΨΒΪ͑͟΁ΣΚΟΔΚΡΒΝ͑ͼΒΣΖΟ͑΄ΔΠΥΥ͞΁ΚΒΫΫΒ͑
ΔΠΟΥΚΟΦΖΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΓΖ͑ΧΖΣΪ͑ΖΩΔΚΥΖΕ͑ΒΓΠΦΥ͑ΒΝΝ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟΚΟΘ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑
ΖΗΗΠΣΥΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΤΦΡΡΠΣΥΤ͑ΦΤ͑ΨΙΖΟΖΧΖΣ͑ΤΙΖ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΨΙΒΥΖΧΖΣ͑ΨΖ͑ΟΖΖΕ͑͟
΁ΒΣΖΟΥΤ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΒΤΤΚΤΥΖΕ͑ΠΟ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΥΣΚΡΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΣΖΤΖΟΥ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟΚΟΘ͑ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑
ΒΟΕ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΓΖΖΟ͑ΚΟΧΚΥΖΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΨΠΣΜ͑ΒΝΠΟΘΤΚΕΖ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΕΦΣΚΟΘ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟΚΟΘ͑
ΕΒΪΤ͑͟΃ΖΔΖΟΥΝΪ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΤΖΟΥ͑ΠΦΥ͑ΡΒΣΖΟΥ͑ΤΦΣΧΖΪΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΘΖΥ͑ΟΒΞΖΤ͑ΠΗ͑ΡΒΣΖΟΥΤ͑
ΨΙΠ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΚΟΥΖΣΖΤΥΖΕ͑ΚΟ͑ΧΠΝΦΟΥΖΖΣΚΟΘ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟ΈΖ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΔΦΣΣΖΟΥΝΪ͑ΚΟ͑
ΥΙΖ͑ΡΝΒΟΟΚΟΘ͑ΤΥΒΘΖΤ͑ΠΟ͑ΙΠΨ͑ΥΠ͑ΚΟΧΠΝΧΖ͑ΞΠΣΖ͑ΡΒΣΖΟΥΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΥΖΒΔΙΖΣΤ͑͟
͑΄ΔΚΖΟΔΖ͑ΥΖΒΔΙΖΣ͑͝ͷΣΒΟ͑ͳΠΤΚ͑ΨΠΣΜΤ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΤΖΔΠΟΕ͑ΘΣΒΕΖΣΤ͑ΠΟ͑
ΖΒΣΥΙΨΠΣΞ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΚΟΧΖΤΥΚΘΒΥΚΠΟΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΦΤΖΤ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑͟΄ΙΖ͑ΒΝΤΠ͑ΡΝΒΟΥΤ͑ΝΖΥΥΦΔΖ͑ΤΖΖΕΤ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΗΚΣΤΥ͑ΘΣΒΕΖΣΤ͑͟
΅ΖΒΔΙΖΣΤ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑΁͟΄͑ͣͣͥ͑͟ΨΙΚΔΙ͑ΚΤ͑Β͑ΕΚΤΥΣΚΔΥ͑ͨͦ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΥΙΚΣΕ͑ΗΝΠΠΣ͑
ΚΟ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΓΦΚΝΕΚΟΘ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΔΠΝΝΒΓΠΣΒΥΖΕ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΦΤ͑͟ʹΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΤΡΖΔΚΒΝ͑
ΟΖΖΕΤ͑ΘΖΣΞΚΟΒΥΖ͑ΤΦΟΗΝΠΨΖΣ͑ΤΖΖΕΤ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΝΒΤΤΣΠΠΞΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΝΖΒΣΟ͑ΒΓΠΦΥ͑
ΨΙΒΥ͑ΡΝΒΟΥΤ͑ΟΖΖΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΘΣΠΨ͑͟΁͟΄͑ͣͦ͑͟͡ΗΠΦΣΥΙ͑ΘΣΒΕΖΣΤ͑ΙΖΝΡ͑ΥΙΖΞ͑
ΥΣΒΟΤΡΝΒΟΥ͑ΥΙΖΞ͑ΒΗΥΖΣ͑ΘΖΣΞΚΟΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑͑͟ʹΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑
΁͟΄͑ͣͣͥ͑͟ΠΣΚΘΚΟΒΝΝΪ͑ΥΙΠΦΘΙΥ͑ΗΠΠΕ͑ΔΒΞΖ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΤΦΡΖΣΞΒΣΜΖΥ͑͝ΟΠΨ͑
ΥΙΣΠΦΘΙ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑͝ΥΙΖΪ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΝΖΒΣΟΚΟΘ͑ΗΠΠΕ͑ΚΤ͑ΘΣΠΨΟ͑ΚΟ͑ΤΠΚΝ͑ΚΟ͑Β͑
ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͒͑
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;ΖΒΤΦΣΚΟΘ͑΄ΦΔΔΖΤΤ͑͝ΈΙΒΥ͑͵ΚΕΟ‫׏‬Υ͑ΈΠΣΜ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΈΙΖΣΖ͑ΈΖ͑ΒΣΖ͑͸ΠΚΟΘ‫͑ט‬
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ͺΥ͑ΚΤ͑ΕΚΗΗΚΔΦΝΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΞΖΒΤΦΣΖ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥ͑ΖΟΘΒΘΖΞΖΟΥ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΖΩΔΚΥΖΞΖΟΥ͑
ΨΚΥΙ͑ΟΦΞΓΖΣΤ͑ΓΦΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥ͑ΨΠΣΜ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΡΙΠΥΠΤ͑ΣΖΗΝΖΔΥ͑ΥΙΒΥ͑ΒΝΞΠΤΥ͑ΒΝΝ͑͝
ΚΗ͑ΟΠΥ͖͑͑͢͡͡ΠΗ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΨΖΣΖ͑ΥΠΥΒΝΝΪ͑ΔΠΞΞΚΥΥΖΕ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΕΖΕΚΔΒΥΖΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΚΤ͑
ΡΣΠΛΖΔΥ͑͟΅ΙΖ͑ΗΖΖΕΓΒΔΜ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑ΡΒΣΖΟΥΤ͑ΙΒΤ͑ΓΖΖΟ͑ΥΣΖΞΖΟΕΠΦΤ͑͟ͺΟΔΠΞΚΟΘ͑
ΗΠΦΣΥΙ͑ΘΣΒΕΖ͑ΡΒΣΖΟΥΤ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΤΙΒΣΖΕ͑ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΕΖΝΚΘΙΥ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΖΩΔΚΥΖΞΖΟΥ͑ΥΙΒΥ͑
ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΔΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΓΖ͑ΨΠΣΜΚΟΘ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟ͲΝΤΠ͑͝ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΛΠΦΣΟΒΝ͑
ΖΟΥΣΚΖΤ͑ΤΡΖΒΜ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΥΙΖΞΤΖΝΧΖΤ͑͟΅ΙΖΤΖ͑ΔΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΟΠΨ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ͦΥΙ͑ΘΣΒΕΖ͑
ΒΟΕ͑ΨΒΟΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΜΖΖΡ͑ΨΠΣΜΚΟΘ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟΅ΙΖΪ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΟΠΨ͑ΥΖΒΞ͑ΦΡ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑
ΥΙΖ͑ΔΦΣΣΖΟΥ͑ͥΥΙ͑ΘΣΒΕΖΣΤ͑ΚΟ͑ΤΡΣΚΟΘ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΝΒΟΥΤ͑ΟΖΨ͑ΔΣΠΡΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑͟
ͲΔΔΠΣΕΚΟΘ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΕΒΥΒ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΔΠΝΝΖΔΥΖΕ͑͝ΥΙΖΪ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΖΕ͑ͦ͑͢͢ΡΠΦΟΕΤ͑
ΠΗ͑ΤΔΣΒΡΤ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΨΠ͑ΞΠΟΥΙΤ͒͑;ΠΤΥ͑ΚΞΡΠΣΥΒΟΥΝΪ͑͝ΠΦΣ͑ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑ΚΤ͑ΓΒΔΜ͑
ΒΟΕ͑ΓΖΥΥΖΣ͑ΥΙΒΟ͑ΖΧΖΣ͒͑͑
͑
ͷΦΥΦΣΖ͑΁ΣΠΛΖΔΥΤ͑
͛͑ͺΟ͑ͻΦΟΖ͑ͣͦ͑͢͡͝ͻΖΣΖΞΪ͑ΒΟΕ͑;ΒΣΘΦΖΣΚΥΖ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΧΚΤΚΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΓΦΚΝΕ͑Β͑ΥΙΣΖΖ͑ΡΒΣΥ͑
ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΓΚΟ͑ΒΝΠΟΘΤΚΕΖ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΤΥΒΗΗ͒͑ΈΖ͑ΒΣΖ͑ΤΠ͑ΝΠΠΜΚΟΘ͑
ΗΠΣΨΒΣΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΦΡΘΣΒΕΖ͒͑ͿΠΨ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΕΠΟ‫׏‬Υ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΥΠΡ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΨΙΖΟ͑
ΠΦΣ͑ΖΒΣΥΙ͑ΞΒΔΙΚΟΖ͑ΓΖΔΠΞΖΤ͑ΗΦΝΝ͒͑
͛ͳΖΘΚΟΟΚΟΘ͑ΒΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΖΟΕ͑ΠΗ͑ͲΡΣΚΝ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΚΤ͑ΪΖΒΣ͑͝ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΞΖΖΥ͑ΠΟ͑
΅ΙΦΣΤΕΒΪ͑ΒΗΥΖΣΟΠΠΟΤ͑ΗΠΣ͑Β͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟΚΟΘ͑ΒΗΥΖΣ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΡΣΠΘΣΒΞ͑ΔΒΝΝΖΕ͑
‫ג‬͸ΣΖΖΟ͑΅ΙΦΞΓΤ͟‫΄͑ד‬ΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΒΔΣΠΤΤ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΣΒΕΖ͑ΝΖΧΖΝΤ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΟΠΨ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑
ΒΔΔΖΤΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑ΨΙΖΣΖ͑ΥΙΖΪ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΡΝΒΟΥ͑͝ΠΓΤΖΣΧΖ͑͝ΥΖΤΥ͑ΤΠΚΝ͑
ΗΖΣΥΚΝΚΥΪ͑͝ΣΖΔΠΣΕ͑ΕΒΥΒ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΟΦΣΥΦΣΖ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΡΝΒΟΥΤ͑͟΅ΙΚΤ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΒΝΝΠΨ͑ΞΠΣΖ͑
ΔΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΥΠ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΒΔΔΖΤΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟
͛΅ΙΚΤ͑ΪΖΒΣ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΡΝΒΟ͑ΥΠ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑Β͑ΞΚΟΚ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΗΒΞΖΣ‫׏‬Τ͑ΞΒΣΜΖΥ͑ΠΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΤΖΔΠΟΕ͑ΥΠ͑ΝΒΤΥ͑ΕΒΪ͑ΠΗ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΖΝΝ͑ΝΒΧΖΟΕΖΣ͑͝ΙΖΣΓΤ͑͝ΤΦΟΗΝΠΨΖΣΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑
ΞΒΪΓΖ͑ΤΠΞΖ͑ΥΠΞΒΥΠΖΤ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑ΠΦΣ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟;ΠΟΚΖΤ͑ΣΒΚΤΖΕ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΘΠ͑ΥΠΨΒΣΕΤ͑
ΡΦΣΔΙΒΤΚΟΘ͑ΤΖΒΥΚΟΘ͑ΤΠ͑ΔΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΤΚΥ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΣΖΒΕ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟΅ΙΖ͑
ΔΙΚΝΕΣΖΟ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΧΠΥΖ͑ΠΟ͑ΙΠΨ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΞΠΟΖΪ͑ΚΤ͑ΤΡΖΟΥ͑͟
͛͑͵ΖΕΚΔΒΥΖ͑ΞΠΣΖ͑ΥΚΞΖ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΖΟΖΣΒΝ͑ΖΕΦΔΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΡΠΡΦΝΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑΁͟΄͑͟
ͣͦ͑͡ΒΟΕ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΤΡΖΔΚΒΝ͑ΟΖΖΕΤ͑ΡΠΡΦΝΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑΁͟΄͑ͣͣͥ͑͟ΥΠ͑ΨΠΣΜ͑ΥΠΘΖΥΙΖΣ͑ΤΠ͑
ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑‫ג‬ΖΒΔΙ͑ΠΟΖ͑͝ΥΖΒΔΙ͑ΠΟΖ‫͑ד‬ΥΠ͑ΓΦΚΝΕ͑ΔΠΞΞΦΟΚΥΪ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΒΨΒΣΖΟΖΤΤ͑
ΠΗ͑ΦΟΚ΢ΦΖ͑ΒΓΚΝΚΥΚΖΤ͑͑͟
͛͑ͿΖΩΥ͑ΗΒΝΝ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΡΝΒΟΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΚΟΚΥΚΒΥΖ͑ΞΠΟΥΙΝΪ͑ΕΖΤΚΘΟΒΥΖΕ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑ΕΒΪΤ͑
ΨΙΖΣΖ͑ΗΒΞΚΝΚΖΤ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΕΣΠΡ͑ΥΙΖΚΣ͑ΤΔΣΒΡΤ͑ΗΣΠΞ͑ΙΠΞΖ͑ΚΟΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΓΚΟ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟΁ΒΣΖΟΥ͑ΧΠΝΦΟΥΖΖΣΤ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΙΖΝΡ͑ΞΒΚΟΥΒΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΠΞΡΠΤΥ͑ΓΚΟ͑͑͟
͛͑΄ΥΒΣΥ͑ΡΝΒΟΟΚΟΘ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΡΠΤΤΚΓΝΪ͑ΤΥΒΣΥΚΟΘ͑Β͑ΔΙΚΔΜΖΟ͑ΔΠΠΡ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΦΡΡΠΣΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑
ͶͽͲ͑ΤΥΦΕΪ͑ΗΠΣ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΚΟ͑ΘΣΒΕΖ͑ͣ͑͟
͛͑΄ΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΚΟ͑ΘΣΒΕΖ͑ͥ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΘΚΧΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑ΥΠΦΣΤ͑ΥΠ͑ΧΚΤΚΥΚΟΘ͑ΔΝΒΤΤΣΠΠΞΤ͑͑͟
ΈΙΒΥ͑͵ΚΕΟ‫׏‬Υ͑ΈΠΣΜ͑͟͟͟
͛ͽΒΤΥ͑ΪΖΒΣ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΡΝΒΟΥΖΕ͑Β͑ΓΚΥ͑ΥΠΠ͑ΝΒΥΖ͙͑ΖΒΣΝΪ͑;ΒΪ͚͑ΤΠ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΔΠΦΝΕΟ‫׏‬Υ͑
ΙΒΣΧΖΤΥ͑ΒΝΝ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΣΠΡΤ͑͟΀ΧΖΣ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΤΦΞΞΖΣ͑͝ΥΙΖΣΖ͑ΨΒΤ͑Β͑ΔΠΡΚΠΦΤ͑ΒΞΠΦΟΥ͑ΠΗ͑
ΥΠΞΒΥΠΖΤ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΘΣΖΖΟ͑ΓΖΒΟΤ͑ΥΙΒΥ͑ΤΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΟΖΧΖΣ͑ΘΠΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΖΖ͑͟΅ΙΚΤ͑ΪΖΒΣ͑ΨΖ͑
ΨΚΝΝ͑ΡΝΒΟΥ͑ΞΦΔΙ͑ΖΒΣΝΚΖΣ͙͑ΖΒΣΝΪ͞ΞΚΕ͑ͲΡΣΚΝ͚͑͟ͷΚΟΕΚΟΘ͑ΥΚΞΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΡΝΒΟ͑ΚΤ͑
ΒΝΨΒΪΤ͑Β͑ΔΙΒΝΝΖΟΘΖ͑͑͟
͛͑΄ΥΦΕΖΟΥΤ͑ΓΖΔΒΞΖ͑ΤΝΚΘΙΥΝΪ͑ΗΣΦΤΥΣΒΥΖΕ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΙΒΧΚΟΘ͑ΥΠ͑ΔΦΥ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΒΡΡΝΖ͑
ΔΠΣΖΤ͑͟ͺΥ͑ΨΒΤ͑ΧΖΣΪ͑ΥΚΞΖΝΪ͑͟΄ΚΟΔΖ͑ΤΡΒΔΖ͑ΚΤ͑ΒΟ͑ΚΤΤΦΖ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΔΒΗΖΥΖΣΚΒ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑
ΥΙΖ͑ΨΙΠΝΖ͑ΤΔΙΠΠΝ͑ΖΒΥΚΟΘ͑ΕΦΣΚΟΘ͑ΠΟΖ͑ΡΖΣΚΠΕ͑͝ΨΖ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΖΩΡΝΠΣΖ͑ΠΥΙΖΣ͑ΤΒΗΖ͑
ΠΡΥΚΠΟΤ͑ΤΦΔΙ͑ΦΤΚΟΘ͑ΚΔΖ͑ΡΚΔΜΤ͑ΠΦΥΤΚΕΖ͑ΚΟ͑ΓΦΔΜΖΥΤ͑͑͟
͛͑΅ΙΖ͑ΥΦΓΚΟΘ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΚΣΣΚΘΒΥΚΠΟ͑ΤΪΤΥΖΞ͑ΜΖΖΡΤ͑ΓΦΣΤΥΚΟΘ͑ΤΠ͑ΨΖ͑ΠΗΥΖΟ͑
ΣΖΤΠΣΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΦΤΚΟΘ͑Β͑ΤΡΣΚΟΜΝΖΣ͑ΥΠ͑ΨΒΥΖΣ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΘΒΣΕΖΟ͑͟΃ΠΔΜΪ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΙΠΡΖΗΦΝΝΪ͑
ΘΖΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΓΠΥΥΠΞ͑ΠΗ͑ΚΥ͒͑͑
͛͑΅ΙΖ͑ΙΚΘΙ͑ΥΦΟΟΖΝ͑ΘΖΥΤ͑ΧΖΣΪ͑ΙΠΥ͑ΓΪ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΒΗΥΖΣΟΠΠΟ͑ΚΟ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΞΠΟΥΙ͑ΠΗ͑ͻΦΟΖ͑
ΤΠ͑ΨΖ͑ΨΚΝΝ͑ΙΒΧΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΥΙΚΟΜ͑ΒΓΠΦΥ͑ΚΟΤΥΒΝΝΚΟΘ͑Β͑ΤΠΝΒΣ͑ΗΒΟ͑͝ΚΗ͑ΡΠΤΤΚΓΝΖ͑͟
͛͑΅ΚΞΖ͑ΚΤ͑ΒΝΨΒΪΤ͑ΠΗ͑ΥΙΖ͑ΖΤΤΖΟΔΖ͑͟ͺΥ͑ΚΤ͑ΕΚΗΗΚΔΦΝΥ͑ΥΠ͑ΗΚΟΕ͑ΥΚΞΖ͑ΥΠ͑ΤΚΥ͑ΒΟΕ͑
ΡΝΒΟ͑ΨΚΥΙ͑ΠΥΙΖΣ͑ΤΥΒΗΗ͑ΒΟΕ͑ΖΟΘΒΘΖ͑ΥΙΖΞ͑ΤΠ͑ΥΙΖΪ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΓΖΔΠΞΖ͑ΞΠΣΖ͑
ΚΟΧΠΝΧΖΕ͑͟
Applicability to Other Schools:
Through Mrs. Laugen’s work with the “Into the Woods Program,” she shares
her experiences with other teachers across the city and with director Peter
Schmidt. “Into the Woods” allows teachers to come together on Saturdays to
share their school improvement projects so they can be replicated.
Additionally, she continues to communicate with Jeremy and Marguerite
composting practices as they streamline “best practices” at the Botanical
Garden to share with other schools they work with. Additionally, participating
with the Wallerstein Collaborative have allowed us to network with other
schools who garden at science expos. We plan to have “garden inter-visitations
with Williamsburg Prep in June. Utilizing these valuable community resources
have put us in contact with teachers and schools across the city we would
have never met! These connections have created many opportunities to shares
ideas and thoughts that can be applied to other school communities while
meeting their own unique needs. These face-to-face conversations in these
professional learning communities sets motion for inspiration and sharing ideas
on gardening strategies and planning.