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M0194
Web-based Programming Lanjut
Session 3
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Server Processes and the ASP Server
Object
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Include Files and ASP
Server-side Include (SSI) Directive
The ASP Server Object
Error Handling with the Server Object
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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ASP #include Directive
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#include instruction takes the entire content of file and insert it
into the page, replacing the  line.
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separating script from content
reduced maintenance costs
an easy way to insert information that is specific to a server
connect.inc
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<%
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strConnect = “SERVER=myserver;DATABASE=mydb;DRIVER={SQL SERVER}; “ _
& “UID=username;PWD=secretpassword”
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%>
we can use connect.inc in any of our page with:
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<%
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strTheConnectionString = strConnect
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%>
‘From include file
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Include File and ASP
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The #include instruction in an ASP page isn’t actually processed
like a true SSI directive.
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ASP recognizes as it parses the file.
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ssinc.dll is used directly to carry out the SSI #include directive.
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The complete page, with #include instruction replaced by the
contents of the file, is then interpreted by ASP.
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ASP has no control over what happens in the #include
statement. To set the value of the #include instruction file
reference with ASP code doesn’t work.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Include File and ASP
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<%
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‘This will *not* work
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strIncludeURL = Request.Form(“FileName”)
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%>
…

This inserts the contents of the file named usefulbits.inc into the response.
The file can be described by a relative or full path and filename combination,
such as FILE=“..\scripts\myscr.inc”. It can alternatively be described using
a virtual relative or absolute path using the VIRTUAL attribute, for example:


 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Server Side Include Directives
Directive
#config
Description
Specifies the format that will be used for dates, times, and file sizes in following
directives, and the text of the generic SSI error message that is returned to the
client. For example:

Sets the SSI error message text to ‘SSI Processing Error’.

Sets the format for dates and times that are returned by following SSI
directives .This example sets a format style of Saturday, August 14 2004
10:34:50.

Sets the unit by which file size returned by following SSI directives will be
calculated. This example sets the unit to bytes. The alternative value for
SIZEFMT is “ABBREV”, which specifies that the size calculation will return the
file size in kilobytes (KB).
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Server Side Include Directives
Directive
#echo
Description
Inserts the value of an HTTP environment variable into the response stream
being sent to the client, replacing the directive. For example:

Writes the name of the server that is executing the directive into the page.
#fsize
Inserts the size of a specified file into the response stream being sent to the
client, replacing the directive. For example:

Like the #include directive, the file can alternatively be defined using a
VIRTUAL path such as:
VIRTUAL=“/mysite/usefulbits.inc”
or
VIRTUAL=“../thisbits/usefulbits.inc”
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Server Side Include Directives
Directive
#exec
Description
Executes a program or a shell command on the server. For example:

Executes the CGI application named myapp.exe in the context of the Web server. It will
also pass the value of the query string value1=this&value2=that to the application. The
application runs in a separate memory space from the Web server.

Starts an instance of the specified operating system command interpreter (in this case
cmd.exe), and executes the command iisreset /stop. The /C parameter instructs the
command interpreter to exit automatically once the command has been executed. You must
add the following entry to the Windows Registry when using the CMD version of #exec:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SYSTEM
\CurrentControlSet
\Services
\W3SVC
\Parameters
\SSIEnableCmdDirective
Set the value to 1 and restart the WWW service to allow the CMD token to be used in the
#exec directive. Set it to 0 to disable it and prevent unauthorized use.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Server Side Include Directives
Directive
#flastmod
Description
Insert the date and time that a specified file was last modified into the
response stream being sent to the client, replacing the directive. For
example:

Like the #include directive, the file can alternatively be defined using a
VIRTUAL path such as:
VIRTUAL=“/mysite/usefulbits.inc”
or
VIRTUAL=“../thisbit/usefulbits.inc”
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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SSI/CGI In Action
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<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>SSI Directives and The ASP Server Object</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>SSI Directives and The ASP Server Object<HR></H1>
<UL><LI><A HREF="ssi_cgi.stm">Server Side Include and CGI Statements</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="ssi_exec.asp">Using the #exec Server Side Include Directive</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="show_server.asp">Using the ASP Server Object</A></LI></UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Using the SSI/CGI Processing Directives
intro.inc
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<P><DIV CLASS="subhead">Including Files with SSI</DIV>
This text has been inserted into the page using the Server-Side Include(SSI)
instruction:<BR>
<P>
ssi_cgi.stm
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<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>SSI and CGI Instructions</TITLE>
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
.subhead {font-size=1.25em }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><DIV CLASS="subhead">SSI Statement</DIV>
  
(sets error message in case of SSI error)<BR>
<P>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Using the SSI/CGI Processing Directives
ssi_cgi.stm
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Details of file 'Default.asp':<BR>
  
(sets fsize to return size in bytes)<BR>

  
returns:   <B>  bytes</B><BR>
  
(sets format for date/time results)<BR>


returns:   <B> </B><P>
<DIV CLASS="subhead">HTTP Variables</DIV>

returns:   <B> </B><BR>

returns:   <B> </B><BR>
</BODY>
</HTML>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Using the SSI/CGI Processing Directives
This page uses all the directives we’ve looked at earlier except #exec directive
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Using the #exec Directive
ssi_exec.asp
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<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>The SSI #exec Directive</TITLE>
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
.subhead {font-size=1.25em }
</STYLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>The SSI #exec Directive<HR></H1>
<DIV CLASS="subhead">Stopping and Starting a Service</DIV>
<FORM ACTION="<%=Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") %>" METHOD="POST">
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdStop" VALUE="   ">
Stop the Microsoft Indexing Service<BR><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdStart" VALUE="   ">
Start the Microsoft Indexing Service<BR>
</FORM>
<%
If Len(Request.Form("cmdStart")) Then
Response.Redirect("startcis.stm")
End If
If Len(Request.Form("cmdStop")) Then
Response.Redirect("stopcis.stm")
End If
%>
</BODY>
</HTML>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Using the #exec Directive
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Running #exec Directive
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First, create the SSIEnableCmdDirective entry (with type DWORD) in the Registry
on your Web server machine under the existing key named:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\W3SVC\Parameters
And then set the value to 1, as shown below:
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Running #exec Directive
Fire up the Internet Services
Manager utility and Select the
directory containing the .stm files
that use #exec. Then open the
Properties dialog for that
directory. In the Direcory Security
page click the Edit button in the
Anonymous access and
authentication control section to
open the Authentication Methods
dialog.
Turn off the Anonymous access
checkbox. If you’re not using IE,
turn on the Basic authentication
option to allow non-IE browsers to
submit a username/password to
access the pages.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Running #exec Directive
Restart the WWW service.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Running #exec Directive
To be able to see the results of starting and stopping the service,
open the Service MMC snap-in and stop the Indexing Service.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Starting and Stopping the Indexing Service
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Starting and Stopping the Indexing Service
startcis.stm
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>The SSI #exec Directive</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>The SSI #exec Directive<HR></H1>
<P>Processing the SSI directive:</P>
<P><B></B></P>

<FORM ACTION="ssi_exec.asp">
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdOK" VALUE="   ">
  Return to the previous page<P>
</FORM>
</BODY></HTML>
stopcis.stm
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>The SSI #exec Directive</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>The SSI #exec Directive<HR></H1>
<P>Processing the SSI directive:</P>
<P><B></B></P>

<FORM ACTION="ssi_exec.asp">
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdOK" VALUE="   ">
  Return to the previous page<P>
</FORM>
</BODY></HTML>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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ASP Server Object
The Properties of the Server Object
Property
Description
ScriptTimeout
Integer. Default = 90.
Sets or returns the number of seconds that script in the page can
execute for before the server aborts page execution and reports an error.
This automatically halts and removes from memory pages that contain
errors that may lock execution into a loop, or those that stall while waiting
for a resource to become available. This prevents the server becoming
overloaded with badly behaved pages. You may need to increase this
value for pages that do take a long time to run.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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ASP Server Object
The Methods of the Server Object
Method
Description
CreateObject(“identifier”)
Creates an instance of the object (a component, application or
scripting object) that is identified by “identifier”, and return a
reference to it that can be used in our code. Can be used in the
global.asa page of a virtual application to create objects with
session-level or application-level scope. The object can be
identified by its ClassID such as “{clsid:BD96C556-65A3…37A9}”
or by a ProgID string such as “ADODB.Connection”.
Execute(“url”)
Stops executing of the current page and transfer control to the
page specified in “url”. The user’s current environment is carried
over to the new page. After that page has finished execution,
control passes back to the original page and execution resumes at
the statement after the Execute method call.
GetLastError( )
Returns a reference to an ASPError object that holds details of the
last error that occurred within the ASP processing of the page. The
information exposed by the ASPError object includes the file name,
line number, error code, etc.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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ASP Server Object
The Methods of the Server Object
Method
Description
HTMLEncode(“string”)
Returns a string that is a copy of the input value “string” but with all
non-legal HTML characters – such as ‘<‘. ‘>’, ‘&’, and double
quotes – converted into the equivalent HTML entity – i.e. <,
>, &, ", etc.
MapPath(“url”)
Returns the full physical path and filename of the file or resource
specified in “url”.
Transfer(“url”)
Stops execution of the current page and transfers control to the
page specified in “url”. The user’s current environment (i.e.
session state and any current transaction state) is carried over to
the new page. Unlike the Execute method, execution doesn’t
resume in the original page, but ends when the new page has
completed executing.
URLEncode(“string”)
Return a string that is a copy of the input value “string” but with all
characters that are not valid in a URL – such as ‘?’, ‘&’ and spaces
– converted into the equivalent URL entity – i.e. ‘%3F’, ‘%26’, and
‘+’.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Creating Object Instances
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VBScript supports CreateObject and GetObject methods.
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CreateObject method takes as its argument a ClassID or (more
usually) a ProgID string, and returns a new object of that type:
Set objNewObject = CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”)
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GetObject method is normally used when we have a document of
a specific type, and we want to create an instance of an object that
can handle this type of document:
Set objExcel = getObject(“C:\myfiles\sales.xlw”)
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We can also specify the type of object that we want as well as a
filename, which is useful if we have several objects that can handle
that document type:
Set objExcel = getObject(“C:\myfiles\sales.xlw”, “Excel.Application”)
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Creating Object Instances
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JScript has getObject, which works like the
VBScript version.
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JScript implements a function that works in the
same way as VBScript CreateObject method,
named ActiveXObject.
objNewObject = new ActiveXObject(“This.Object”);
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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<HTML>
<HEAD> <TITLE>The Server Object</TITLE> </HEAD>
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<BODY>
<H2>The ASP Server Object<HR></H2>
<%
Quot = Chr(34)
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If Len(Request.Form("cmdCreate")) Then
strObjectName = Request.Form("txtObjectName")
On Error Resume Next 'Turn off default error handling
Set objObject = Server.CreateObject(strObjectName)
On Error Goto 0
If IsObject (objObject) Then
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Successfully created object of " _
& "<B>" & Quot & strObjectName & Quot & "</B><HR>"
Else
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Failed to create object of " _
& "<B>" & Quot & strObjectName & Quot & "</B><HR>"
End If
End If
If Len(Request.Form("cmdExecute")) Then
strPath = Request.Form("txtExecute")
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") & "</B><BR>"
Server.Execute (strPath)
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") & "</B><BR><BR>"
End If
show_server.asp
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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If Len(Request.Form("cmdTransfer")) Then
strPath = Request.Form("txtTransfer")
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") & "</B><BR>"
Server.Transfer(strPath)
End If
If Len(Request.Form("cmdGetLastError")) Then
Dim arrThis(3)
arrThis(4) = "Causes an error"
End If
If Len(Request.Form("cmdMapPath")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtMapPath")
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.MapPath(" & Quot & strValue _
& Quot & ") returned <B>" & Quot & Server.MapPath(strValue) _
& Quot & "</B><HR>"
End If
If Len(Request.Form("cmdHTMLEncode")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtHTMLEncode")
strResult = Server.HTMLEncode(strValue)
strDisplay = Server.HTMLEncode(strResult)
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.HTMLEncode (" & Quot & strResult _
& Quot & ") returned<BR><B>" & Quot & strDisplay & Quot _
& "</B><HR>"
End If
show_server.asp
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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If Len(Request.Form("cmdURLEncode")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtURLEncode")
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.URLEncode (" & Quot & strValue _
& Quot & ") returned<BR><B>" & Quot & Server.URLEncode (strValue) & Quot _
& "</B><HR>"
End If
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%>
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<BIG>Property Value</BIG><BR>
<% Response.Write "Server.Timeout = <B>" & Server.ScriptTimeout & "</B></P>“ %>
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<FORM ACTION="<%=Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") %>" METHOD="POST">
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<BIG>Create an Instance of a Component</BIG><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdCreate" VALUE="   ">
 Server.CreateObject(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtObjectName" VALUE="">")<BR><BR>
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<BIG>Execute Another ASP Page</BIG><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdExecute" VALUE="   ">
 Server.Execute(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtExecute" VALUE="">")<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdTransfer" VALUE="   ">
 Server.Transfer(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtTransfer" VALUE="">")<BR><BR>
<BIG>Get ASP Error Details</BIG><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdGetLastError" VALUE="   ">
 Server.GetLastError()<BR><BR>
show_server.asp
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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<BIG>Miscellaneous Methods</BIG><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdMapPath" VALUE="   ">
 Server.MapPath(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtMapPath" VALUE="" SIZE="30">")<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdHTMLEncode" VALUE="   ">
 Server.HTMLEncode(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtHTMLEncode" VALUE="" SIZE="30">")<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdURLEncode" VALUE="   ">
 Server.URLEncode(“ <INPUT TYPE="TEXT" NAME="txtURLEncode" VALUE="" SIZE="30">")<BR>
<BR>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>
show_server.asp
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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ASP Server Object
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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The CreateObject Method of the Server
Object
Quot = Chr(34)
If Len(Request.Form("cmdCreate")) Then
strObjectName = Request.Form("txtObjectName")
On Error Resume Next 'Turn off default error handling
Set objObject = Server.CreateObject(strObjectName)
On Error Goto 0
If IsObject (objObject) Then
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Successfully created object of " _
& "<B>" & Quot & strObjectName & Quot & "</B><HR>"
Else
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Failed to create object of " _
& "<B>" & Quot & strObjectName & Quot & "</B><HR>"
End If
End If
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Executing Other Pages
If Len(Request.Form("cmdExecute")) Then
strPath = Request.Form("txtExecute")
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") _
& "</B><BR>"
Server.Execute (strPath)
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") _
& "</B><BR><BR>"
End If
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Executing Other Pages
If Len(Request.Form("cmdTransfer")) Then
strPath = Request.Form("txtTransfer")
Response.Write "Currently executing the page: <B>" _
& Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") & "</B><BR>"
Server.Transfer(strPath)
End If
Another_Page.asp
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<%@ LANGUAGE=VBSCRIPT%>
<HR>
Currently executing the page: <B>Another_Page.asp</B><BR>
However the value of
<B>Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME")</B> is still<BR>
<B><% =Request.ServerVariables("SCRIPT_NAME") %></B>
because the <B>Request</B> collection hold</BR>
the same values as they had in the page that executed this
one.<BR>
<FORM ACTION="<% =
Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_REFERER") %>"
METHOD="POST">
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdOK"
VALUE="   ">
 Return to the Previous Page<P>
</FORM>
<HR>
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Error Handling with the Server Object
Properties of the ASPError Object
Property
Description
ASPCode
Integer. The error number generated by ASP/IIS such as 0x800A0009.
ASPDescription
String. A detailed description of the error if it is ASP-related.
Category
String. The source of the error, i.e. internal to ASP, the scripting
language, or an object.
Column
Integer. The character position within the file that generated the error.
Description
String. A short description of the error.
File
String. The name of the file that was being processed when the
error occurred.
Line
Integer. The number of the line within the file that generated the error.
Number
Integer. A standard COM error code.
Source
Integer. The actual code, where available, of the line that caused the
error.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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Error Page Mapping in IIS
In Internet Services
Manager, right click on
the directory for which
you want to edit
mappings, and select
Properties.
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Error Page Mapping in IIS
In the Custom Errors page of the
Properties dialog is a list of the
default mapping set up when IIS is
installed (unless, of course you’ve
already changed any).
Near the bottom of the list an entry
for HTTP error 500:100. These are
the generic errors such as Invalid
Application, Server Shutting Down,
etc. However, the 500:100 error
occurs specifically when ASP loads
a page that contains a syntax error.
The default mapping shown the
page named 500-100.asp will be
executed when such error occurs.
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Specifying a Custom Error Page
Click the Edit Properties button in
the Custom Errors page to open
the Error Mapping Properties
dialog.
Select URL in the message Type
drop-down list, and type the full
virtual path to your own custom
error page.
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Using the GetLastError Method and the
ASPError Object
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<%
Response.Status = "500 Internal Server Error"
Set objASPError = Server.GetLastError()
%>
Currently executing the page: <B>show_error.asp</B><P>
<B>Error Details:</B><BR>
ASPError.ASPCode = <% = objASPError.ASPCode %><BR>
ASPError.Number = <% = objASPError.Number %><BR>
(0x<% =Hex(objASPError.Number) %>)<BR>
ASPError.Source = <% = Server.HTMLEncode(objASPError.Source) %><BR>
ASPError.Category = <% = objASPError.Category %><BR>
ASPError.File = <% = objASPError.File %><BR>
ASPError.Line = <% = objASPError.Line %><BR>
ASPError.Column = <% = objASPError.Column %><BR>
ASPError.Description = <% = objASPError.Description %><BR>
ASPError.ASPDescription = <% = objASPError.ASPDescription %><BR>
<FORM ACTION="<% = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_REFERER") %>" METHOD="POST">
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="cmdOK" VALUE="   ">
 Return to the Previous Page<P>
</FORM>
show_error.asp
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Using the GetLastError Method and the
ASPError Object
If Len(Request.Form("cmdGetLastError")) Then
Dim arrThis(3)
arrThis(4) = "Causes an error"
End If
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Getting Path Information with the Server
Object
If Len(Request.Form("cmdMapPath")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtMapPath")
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.MapPath(" & Quot & strValue _
& Quot & ") returned <B>" & Quot & Server.MapPath(strValue) _
& Quot & "</B><HR>"
End If
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
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The HTMLEncode Method of the Server
Object
If Len(Request.Form("cmdHTMLEncode")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtHTMLEncode")
strResult = Server.HTMLEncode(strValue)
strDisplay = Server.HTMLEncode(strResult)
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.HTMLEncode (" & Quot & strResult _
& Quot & ") returned<BR><B>" & Quot & strDisplay & Quot _
& "</B><HR>"
End If
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
46
Formatting Data with the Server Object
HTML Entity
Equivalent
Character
HTML Entity
Equivalent
Character
<
<
>
>
&
&
“
"
©
©
®
®
Notice that the last of the example, the registered trademark symbol, is a
numeric value preceded with the ‘#’ character, rather than a text
abbreviation of the meaning (like copy for the copyright symbol).
All character with ANSI code value greater than 126 can be represented
in HTML as the ANSI code of the character in decimal, prefixed with &#
and suffixed with a semi-colon. So the ½ (one half) character has an
entity equivalent of ½.
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
47
The URLEncode Method of the Server
Object
If Len(Request.Form("cmdURLEncode")) Then
strValue = Request.Form("txtURLEncode")
Response.Write "<B>Results:</B><BR>Server.URLEncode (" & Quot & strValue _
& Quot & ") returned<BR><B>" & Quot & Server.URLEncode (strValue) & Quot _
& "</B><HR>"
End If
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus
48
Formatting Data for URLs
Character
HTTP/URL Replacement
Character
HTTP/URL Replacement
space
+
\
%5C
‘
%27
]
%5D
!
%21
^
%5E
#
%23
`
%60
$
%24
{
%7B
%
%25
|
%7C
&
%26
}
%7D
(
%28
+
%2B
)
%29
<
%3C
/
%2F
=
%3D
:
%3A
>
%3E
;
%3B
Chr(10)
ignored
[
%5B
Chr(13)
%0D
 2004 Tau Yenny, SI - Binus

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