On the Rural Roads with Pediatric Simulation Training

On the Rural Roads with
Pediatric Simulation Training
Karen M. Mathias, MSN, RN, APRN-BC
Director
Barbara J. Peterson, RN
Simulation Specialist
Objectives
Identify key patient safety issues that make simulation in healthcare
an important topic.
Describe why simulation is an effective teaching method and how
it can enhance pediatric and neonatal resuscitation training.
Work through the process of identifying an organization’s specific
training needs to create a customized simulation program that can
improve team performance in response to pediatric and neonatal
critical events.
Delivering Next Generation Care
Children’s Simulation Center
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Advancing patient
safety through
simulation
Improving the quality
of pediatric health care
Partnering with
families & the
community
Partner with community hospitals
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Sharing knowledge and
expertise
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Practice readiness
Background
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IOM – Between 44,000 & 98,000 Americans die each year
due to preventable medical errors (Kohn, Corrigan, & Donaldson,
1999)
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Nearly 4500 children in the United States die annually due
to preventable medical errors (Miller, M. R., & Zhan, C., 2004)
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An estimated 65% of medical errors may be attributed to
failures in team communications and human factors (JCAHO,
2005)
Background
27% of ED patients are children cared for in hospitals that
lack the expertise or the equipment needed for those that are
critically ill (IOM Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, 2001)
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Medical errors in children involve: failure to rescue,
medication miscalculation, lack of familiarity with
stabilization procedures, developmental variations,
difficulty of history-taking, & teamwork and
communications breakdowns (Committee on Pediatric Emergency
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Medicine, 2007)
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Pediatric resuscitation is a low-volume, high-risk event
1 resuscitation case for every
815 ED patient visits (ED database, 2005)
Team Training
Aviation
Health Care
Crew Resource
Management
Crisis Resource
Management
Health Care
Healthcare crisis are much more frequent
ƒ Rapid and correct decisions are expected
ƒ Despite frequency of crisis – we don’t train
ƒ PALS/NRP every 2 years
ƒ For many pediatric areas – how long before we get
a really sick kid?
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What is Simulation Training?
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Clinical simulation is
an event or situation
made to resemble
clinical practice as
closely as possible.
(Seropian, 2003)
High Fidelity Patient Simulator
SimBaby®
Why is Simulation Effective?
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Adult learning
principles utilized
Train in
multidisciplinary
teams
Realistic environment
with same challenges
and stressors
Reflective learning
The Cost of Simulation
• Expensive modality
•Charging based on the average costs associated with the day
of travel
•Student to faculty ratio is low – this also adds cost to the
organization sending staff for training
• 2009 Full day training $2300 + mileage
•Includes up to two ½ day sessions for up to 8 staff members
per session
Objectives
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Recognize the unique healthcare needs and
challenges of children and what we can
collectively do for the pediatric patients and
families we serve.
Work together with colleagues to improve team
response.
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Identify cognitive, technical, and behavioral
skills necessary to execute appropriate responses
to critical medical events.
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Practice these skills in a realistic simulated
environment that simulates the dynamic nature
of the clinical setting in which each team
practices. (Emergency department, NICU,
delivery room, level II nursery, PICU, or
pediatric unit.)
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Course Planning
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Initial intake
Provide planning guide
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Scenario grid
Staff communications
Logistics to consider
Determine courses
Set clinical planning meeting
Logistics and Challenges
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Logistics
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Who are the teams
that will train?
Scheduling of teams
of up to 8
participants
Determine the threehour timeframes
Bus location
Challenges &
considerations
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ƒStaffing
and scheduling
ƒRealistic
teams –
doctors, advanced
practice nurses, nurses,
respiratory care,
pharmacy, EMS
ƒPartnering
with other
community hospitals
Customizing the Curriculum
Clinical Planning Meeting
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Who is the target audience?
At the end of the session, what do you want the
participants to be able to do?
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Is there any equipment you want people to be able
to use?
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What systems do you use for supplies or
medications?
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Are there performance improvement projects or
policy changes to infuse/test in the scenarios?
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Scenario Planning
Scenario
Bronchiolitis/RSV
PALS guidelines
Respiratory Distress
- Lower airway
disease
-Assessment of infant
in respiratory distress
-Early recognition of
infant’s deteriorating
condition
Technical Skills
Behavioral/Communication
Skills
O2 delivery
Suctioning prn
Nebulization
IV
Rapid sequence
drugs
Intubation/assist
with intubation
Call for help early
Communicate using SBAR re:
infant’s worsening condition
Work as a team when child
progresses to respiratory failure.
Parent present (Y/N)
O2/monitors
IV/IO access
Fluid resuscitation
Blood glucose
Add pressors
Call for help
SBAR to physician re: changing
status of patient
Talk/think out loud
Look at roles of team members
Respiratory Failure
Shock
Dehydration/
Hypovolemia
Early Recognition of
Shock
Fluid resuscitation
algorithm
Customized Curriculum
Simulation Scenario:
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this simulation-based scenario, the learners will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
Supplies and Equipment Needed – Any new or rarely used equipment to target:
Patient Data:
History:
Initial Vital Signs:
Reassessment Vital Signs:
Desired Actions:
Undesirable Actions:
Simulation Specialist
Suspension of Disbelief
The mobile simulation center
comes right to you!
Ground Rules
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Consent for photography and videography
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Confidentiality – “What happens in the simulator
stays in the simulator.”
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Professionalism and Collegiality – both in the
simulator and in the debriefing area. We view
each participant as intelligent and professional and
expect that integrity would be maintained.
Orientation to the Simulator
The Environment
The Mannequin
Video taping and controls
The Event
Debriefing
Participant Evaluations
2007-2008 Simulation Center
External Customer Simulation Evaluation
n=119
Definitely
5.0
4.5
4.0
5.0
4.9
4.8
4.8
Organized
course
Supportive
instructors
Increased
confidence
Increased
know ledge
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
Not at all
Course impact
2007-2008 Simulation Center External Customers
Effect of Simulation Experience on Participant Ability
n=119
Definitely
Im proved
Som e
Im provem ent
A little better
No effect
to apply PALS
or NRP
guidelines
to recognize
changing
condition
to com m unicate
effectively
to im prove
skills
to w ork as
a team
Health Care Made Safer
“Mistakes are puzzles to be learned
from, not crimes to be covered up.”
Thank You!
www.childrensmn.org/simcenter