Open Access Publishing Fees: Responses, Strategies and Emerging Trends Laura Waugh University of North Texas Libraries SWALL Annual Mee;ng, Aus;n, Texas March 21, 2014 Overview • Open Access Defined • Background • Journal APCs • Campus OA Funds • Challenges/Next Steps • Q&A Open Access De@ined Open Access De@ined Open Access (OA) is: • unrestricted access • available online • peer reviewed • published research Open Access De@ined Open Access (OA) is: • free to download • free to share • free of most copyright and licensing restric;ons Open Access De@ined Most copyright and licensing: • copyright is s;ll held by authors and/or publishers • licensing may apply • Crea;ve Commons (CC) • ATribu;on/Reuse Background Background Ar6cle Processing Charge (APC) • AKA: Open Access Publishing Fees • fee paid to publishers to make an ar;cle free to access* *Not necessarily Open Access Background Research Publica6ons Use Library for Research Conduct research Library subscribes Publish research Background Research Publica6ons Use Library for Research Conduct research Library subscribes Submit and pay APC Publish research Background Ar6cle Processing Charge (APC) • op;onal • fee paid to publishers for full access • only through publisher website • not necessarily “Open Access” Background Full Open Access Publisher APC • unrestricted, online • unrestricted, online • free to download • free to download • free to reuse and share • restric/ons for reuse and sharing Background OA Journals Hybrid Journals • online access • free to download • no subscrip/on • may charge APC • free to share • online access • free to download • subscrip/on-­‐based • APCs apply • Reuse and share restric/ons apply Background Versions of Work • Preprint •  submiTed version •  not peer-­‐reviewed • Post-­‐print •  accepted manuscript •  peer-­‐reviewed • Final PDF •  publisher’s PDF Background Green Open Access Gold Open Access •  free user access •  repository hosted •  preprint or post-­‐print •  no associated APCs •  free user access •  publisher hosted •  final PDF version •  charges APC Background Three Main APC Funding Sources 1.  Author pays 2.  Author’s research funder pays 3.  Author’s ins;tu;on pays Journal APCs APCs Research • Built on SPARC ini;a;ves* • 15 OA Journals • 12 Hybrid Journals *Scholarly Publishing and Research Coali;on APCs Reviewed • Licensing Policies • Reuse and Sharing • Average APCs APCs Crea6ve Commons (CC) Licensing • 15 OA Journals Reviewed • 14 allow a CC license • authors choose which CC license APCs Average APCs • 15 OA Journals’ APCs • Range: $695 -­‐ $5000 • Average: $2000 APCs OA Journal APCs American Institute of Physics
American Physical Society
BioMed Central
BMJ
Company of Biologists
Cell Press
Ecological Society of America
Hindawi Publishing
High
Institute of Physics
Low
Oxford University Press
Public Library of Science
Royal Society
SAGE
Springer Open
Wiley Open Access
$0 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 APCs Crea6ve Commons (CC) Licensing • 12 Hybrid Journals Reviewed • 8 allow a CC license • type of CC license not specified APCs Average APCs • 12 Hybrid Journal APCs • Range: $645 -­‐ $5000 • Average: $2600 APCs Hybrid Journals' APCs American Chemical Society
Brill
Cambridge University Press
Cold Spring Harbor Press
Company of Biologists
Elsevier
High
Maney Publishing
Low
Nature Publishing Group
Royal Society of Chemistry
Springer
Taylor & Francis
Wiley-Blackwell
$0 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 Campus Open Access Funds Campus OA Funds Research Includes: • 30 North American Universi;es • All with Campus OA Funds • Built on research by SPARC* *Scholarly Publishing and Research Coali;on Campus OA Funds Criteria Evaluated: 1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
Sponsorship Journal eligibility Author eligibility Reimbursement criteria Campus OA Funds 1. Sponsorship • University libraries • Other • Co-­‐Sponsorship Campus OA Funds Library Sponsorship Sposored by University Library Other 10%
Co-­‐Sponsorship Not Co-sponsored
Co-sponsored
48%
90%
52%
Campus OA Funds Co-­‐Sponsorship Includes: • Office of the Provost • Office of the Vice President • Office of Research • Office of Scholarly Communica;on • School of Medicine Campus OA Funds 2. Journal Eligibility • OA Journals • Hybrid Journals • S;pula;ons Campus OA Funds Supported Journal Types Hybrid with S6pula6ons 35
30
25
30
38%
20
62%
15
14
10
5
Hybrid Journals
0
Open Access
Journals
Hybrid
Journals
Hybrid Journals with
Stipulations
Campus OA Funds OA Journal S6pula6ons: • Peer-­‐reviewed • Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) • Member of Open Access Scholarly Publishing Associa;on (OAPSA) • Or follow OAPSA code of conduct Campus OA Funds Hybrid Journal S6pula6ons: • Peer-­‐reviewed • No embargo period • Author retains certain rights to work • Subscrip;on discount • Author can self-­‐archive • Less funding for Hybrid Journals Campus OA Funds 3. Author Eligibility • University Rank • Affilia;on to university Campus OA Funds Eligibility by University Rank Alumni
Researchers
Students
Staff
Emeriti
Adjunct Faculty
Visiting Faculty
Faculty
0 5 10 15 20 25 Campus OA Funds Eligibility by University Affilia6on • Currently affiliated • Individually apply • does not include co-­‐authors • reimbursement is equally divided • Example: • $1200 APC = $400 for each author Campus OA Funds 4. Reimbursement Criteria • Caps on Funding • author cap • ar;cle cap • S;pula;ons Campus OA Funds Caps on Author Funding Caps on Ar6cle Funding 33% 30% 67% 70% Cap on Authors Cap on Ar;cles No Cap No Cap Campus OA Funds S6pula6ons • First-­‐come, first-­‐serve basis • Funding ins;tu;on listed first on author affilia;ons • Must seek grant-­‐funding first • Must include ar;cle in IR Challenges & Next Steps Challenges Double Dipping • Publisher charges APC on top of normal subscrip;on fee 1.  Funder/Ins;tu;on pays APC 2.  Funder/Ins;tu;on pays subscrip;on Challenges Use Library for Research Conduct research Pay Subscrip2on Pay APC Publish research Challenges Campus Open Access Funds • Limited Funding • Staffing/management of funds • Requirements to include a copy in author’s ins;tu;onal repository (IR) Challenges • Publisher policies • frequently change • limit reuse and sharing • Limited transparency • publishing contracts • APC fee contracts Next Steps Op6ons and Ideas • Set funding threshold for APCs? • (Wellcome Trust, Research Councils UK, Jisc and Research Libraries UK) • SPARC Author Addendum? • Nego;ate with publishers? • Choose Green over Gold OA? Next Steps Stay Informed • Open Access Discussion Groups • AOASG, SPARC • Blogs • Scholarly Kitchen, Digital Koans • Listservs • Global Open Access List (GOAL) Questions & Answers