New York University
Department of Media, Culture, and Communication
South Asian Diaspora: Media and Cultural Politics
MCC-UE 1314
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course examines the politics and forms of visibility of the South Asian diaspora in the
United States. Through the examination of media archives and a critical engagement with the
research literature, the course will 1) situate the South Asian diasporic experience in the U.S.
within a larger global trajectory of migrant mobility 2) survey the production, performance and
representation of diasporic South Asian identity and 3) analyze the transformations in the
relationship between nations and the South Asian diaspora in a global and mediated context.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
After completing this course, students will be able to effectively:
• Contextualize the experiences of global South Asian diasporic cultures.
• Evaluate different theories and approaches to the study of diaspora especially in a context
of globalization and technological change.
• Discuss the changing role and political impact of the South Asian diaspora in terms of its
media visibility.
REQUIRED TEXTS
Readings will be uploaded via the NYU Classes when chapters fall within fair use requirements.
Most other selections are available through NYU Bobst as electronic books.
ASSIGNMENTS
Participation will be based on attendance, diligent reading, and active participation in all class
activities. Students are expected to keep pace with the reading and post responses to the readings
each week on NYU Classes. There will be three brief assignments at the end of each three week
period. The final project will consist of an oral class presentation and a 15 page paper. Detailed
instructions will be provided to students in class for these assignments.
EVALUATION
Field assignments – 3 (15% each): 45%
Reading Responses and participation: 25%
Final Project: 30% (20%: written paper: 10%: in class presentation)
EVALUATION RUBRIC
A= Excellent
This project is comprehensive and detailed, integrating themes and concepts from discussions,
lectures and readings, and reflecting critical and technical topics covered in class. Students who
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earn this grade are prepared for class, synthesize course materials and contribute insightfully in
every class meeting.
B=Good
This project meets the general requirements, offering contributions at a general level of
understanding. Classroom participation is consistent and thoughtful in nearly all class meetings.
C=Average
This project is adequate but nothing more, meeting the minimum requirements but without
significant original thought, reflection, or inventiveness, whether theoretically or practically.
Classroom participation is inarticulate or infrequent.
D= Unsatisfactory
This project is incomplete, and evidences little understanding of the projects and discussions.
Critique and implementation demonstrate inattention to detail, misunderstand course material
and overlook significant themes. Classroom participation is spotty, unprepared and off topic, or
rare.
F=Failed
This grade indicates a failure to participate and/or incomplete assignments
A = 94-100
A- = 90-93
B+ = 87-89
B = 84-86
B- = 80-83
C+ = 77-79
C = 74-76
C- = 70-73
D+ = 65-69
D = 60-64
F
= 0-59
COURSE POLICIES
Absences and Lateness
Attendance is mandatory. More than two unexcused absences will automatically result in a lower
grade. Chronic lateness will also be reflected in your evaluation of participation. Regardless of
the reason for your absence you will be responsible for any missed work.
Format
We will provide specific format requirements for the different project assignments. As for
written work, please type and double-space submissions. Please also number and staple multiple
pages. You are free to use your preferred citation style. Please use it consistently throughout your
writing. If sending a document electronically, please name the file in the following format
Yourlastname Coursenumber Assignment1.doc
Grade Appeals
Please allow two days to pass before you submit a grade appeal. This gives you time to reflect
on our assessment. If you still want to appeal your grade, please submit a short but considered
paragraph detailing your concerns. Based on this paragraph, we will review the question and
either augment your grade or refine our explanation for the lost points.
General Decorum
Slipping in late or leaving early, sleeping, text messaging, surfing the Internet, doing homework,
eating, etc. are distracting and disrespectful to all participants in the course.
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Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism (http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/policies/academic_integrity)
The relationship between students and faculty is the keystone of the educational experience at
New York University in the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development.
This relationship takes an honor code for granted and mutual trust, respect, and responsibility as
foundational requirements. Thus, how you learn is as important as what you learn. A university
education aims not only to produce high-quality scholars, but to also cultivate honorable citizens.
Academic integrity is the guiding principle for all that you do, from taking exams to making oral
presentations to writing term papers. It requires that you recognize and acknowledge information
derived from others and take credit only for ideas and work that are yours.
You violate the principle of academic integrity when you
• cheat on an exam,
• submit the same work for two different courses without prior permission from your professors,
• receive help on a take home examination that calls for independent work, or
• plagiarize.
Plagiarism, one of the gravest forms of academic dishonesty in university life, whether intended
or not, is academic fraud. In a community of scholars, whose members are teaching, learning,
and discovering knowledge, plagiarism cannot be tolerated. Plagiarism is failure to properly
assign authorship to a paper, a document, an oral presentation, a musical score, and/or other
materials that are not your original work. You plagiarize when, without proper attribution, you
do any of the following:
• copy verbatim from a book, an article, or other media;
• download documents from the Internet;
• purchase documents;
• report from other’s oral work;
• paraphrase or restate someone else’s facts, analysis, and/or conclusions; or
• copy directly from a classmate or allow a classmate to copy from you.
Your professors are responsible for helping you to understand other people’s ideas, to use
resources and conscientiously acknowledge them, and to develop and clarify your own thinking.
You should know what constitutes good and honest scholarship, style guide preferences, and
formats for assignments for each of your courses. Consult your professors for help with problems
related to fulfilling course assignments, including questions related to attribution of sources.
Through reading, writing, and discussion, you will undoubtedly acquire ideas from others, and
exchange ideas and opinions with others, including your classmates and professors. You will be
expected, and often required, to build your own work on that of other people. In so doing, you
are expected to credit those sources that have contributed to the development of your ideas.
Avoiding Academic Dishonesty
• Organize your time appropriately to avoid undue pressure, and acquire good study habits,
including note taking.
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•
•
•
•
Learn proper forms of citation. Always check with your professors of record for their
preferred style guides. Directly copied material must always be in quotes; paraphrased
material must be acknowledged; even ideas and organization derived from your own
previous work or another's work need to be acknowledged.
Always proofread your finished work to be sure that quotation marks, footnotes and other
references were not inadvertently omitted. Know the source of each citation.
Do not submit the same work for more than one class without first obtaining the
permission of both professors even if you believe that work you have already completed
satisfies the requirements of another assignment.
Save your notes and drafts of your papers as evidence of your original work.
Disciplinary Sanctions
If a professor suspects cheating, plagiarism, or other forms of academic dishonesty, appropriate
disciplinary action may be taken following the department procedure or through referral to the
Committee on Student Discipline. The Steinhardt School Statement on Academic Integrity is
consistent with the NYU Policy on Student Conduct, published in the NYU Student Guide.
STUDENT RESOURCES
• Students with physical or learning disabilities are required to register with the Moses
Center for Students with Disabilities, 726 Broadway, 2nd Floor, (212-998-4980) and are
required to present a letter from the Center to the instructor at the start of the semester in
order to be considered for appropriate accommodation.
• Writing Center: 411 Lafayette, 4th Floor. Schedule appts at rich15.com/nyu/ or walk-in.
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SCHEDULE OF CLASSES, READINGS AND ASSIGNMENTS
South Asian Diaspora: Media and Cultural Politics
Global Trajectories
Week 1
• Introduction to the course, expectations, policies.
• Washbrook David. The World of the Indian Ocean (13-22)
• Appadurai, Arjun. Selections from Modernity at Large (48-65)
•
FILM: Screening of excerpts from films:
Jahaji Bhai: Anatomy of Migration (Directed by Suresh Pillai)
Pure Chutney (Directed by Sanjeev Chatterjee)
Week 2: Transnational Migration Histories
• Bose, Sugata. Flows of Capitalists, Laborers and Commodities (72-121)
• Chatterji, Joya. From Imperial Subjects to National Citizens: South Asians and the
International Migration Regime since 1947. (183-197)
• Kureishi, Hanif. Selections from The Buddha of Suburbia (1-10)
• Bald, Vivek. Chapters 2 and 4, Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian
America (137-159)
•
Screening/ Discussion of film: My Mother India (2001; Directed by Safina Uberoi)
Week 3: Migration History in the US
• Jensen, Joan. Chapters 1 Passage from India (4-20)
• Shukla, Sandhya. South Asian Migration to the United States. (166-180)
• Lal Vinay. Chapters 4, 5 and 6, The Other Indians (20-48)
• Mazumdar, Sucheta. Racist Responses to Racism: The Aryan Myth and South Asians in
the United States (47-55)
Spatial and Mediated Presence
Week 4: Space and Identity
• Shukla, Sandhya. Little Indias, Places for Indian Diasporas (78-131)
• Penn, Kal. The ‘Hilarious’ Xenophobia of Time’s Joel Stein (web posting)
• Khandelwal, Madhulika. Becoming American, Being Indian (12-34)
• Shankar, Shalini. Selections from Desi Land (80-99)
• Kalita, Mitra. Selections from Suburban Sahibs (47-64)
** Assignment/ Field Report 1: Formation of South Asian spaces in the city
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Week 5: Audible and Visual diasporic culture
• Rubin, Rachel, and Jeffrey Melnick. Monterey, 1967: The Hippies Meet Ravi
Shankar.(129-175)
• Shukla, Sandhya. Building Diaspora and Nation: The 1991 ‘Cultural Festival of India
(296-315)
• Dave, Shilpa: Apu’s Brown Voice: Cultural Inflection and South Asian Accents (313336)
•
•
FILM : SCREENING OF EXCERPTS:
Ravi Shankar’s performance at Monterey Pop Festival 1967
Week 6: Post 9/11 visibilities
• Appadurai, Arjun. Selections from Fear of Small Numbers (49-86)
• Maira, Sunaina. Chapters 5 and 6, Missing (258-290)
• Hegde, Radha S. Recognition: Politics and Technologies (61-81)
• Prashad, Vijay. The Day Our Probation Ended (3-47)
• Mathew, Biju. Chapters 6 Taxi!: Cabs and Capitalism in New York City (143-176)
FILM Screening of excerpts
Discussion of film: American Made (2003; Directed by Sharat Raju
(Film will be available for students to view in entirety through Bobst)
** Field report 2: Production of South Asianness in the city
Week 7: Activism and Identity Politics
• Gopinath, Gayatri. Who’s Your Daddy? Queer Diasporic Framings of the Region. (274300)
• Sthanki, Maunica. The Aftermath of September 11 (68-80)
• Widdicome, Lizzie. Thin Yellow Line (New Yorker article)
• Das Gupta, Monisha. Chapters 5 and 6, Unruly Immigrants (159-207; 208-254)
Visual and Performative Cultures
Week 8: Cinema and the Diasporic Audience
• Dwyer, Rachel. Bollywood’s Empire (409-418)
• Bhattacharya, Nandini. Romancing Religion. (346-367)
• Miller, Cynthia. Immigrants, Images and Identity (285-298)
• Desai, Jigna. When Indians Play Cowboys (71-100)
• Punathambekar, Aswin. ‘It’s Not Your Dad’s Bollywood (147-176)
• Vandevelde, Iris. Revisiting the NRI ‘genre’ (47-60)
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FILM: Films on or by the South Asian diaspora will be made available as optional viewing
through Bobst and used as examples in class discussions
Week 9: Technology and Tradition
• Rajagopal, Arvind. Hindutva Goes Global (237-270)
• Mallapragada, Madhavi. Desktop Deities (109-121)
• Lal, Vinay. Cyberspace, the Globalization of Hinduism, and Protocols of Citizenship in
the Digtal Age. (121-146)
• Case study of Bharat Matrimony and the reworked arranged marriage ( Will arrange for
CEO of premier diasporic dating website to talk to students via Skype as a case study in
technology and tradition.)
Week 10: Aura, Authenticity, Performance
• Prashad, Vijay. Of Authentic Cultural Lives (107-130)
• Hegde, Radha S. Pursuit of Authenticity (131-161)
• Sharma, Nitasha Tamar. Chapter 5, Hip Hop Desis (234-288)
• Lall, Vinay. Chapter 9, The Other Indians (88-105)
** Field report 3: Media representation of ‘South Asianness’
Diaspora as Brand
Week 11 Global Indianness
Radhakrishnan, Smita, Examining the “global’ Indian middle-class (7-20)
Saxenian, Anna Lee 325-341
Chakravarrty, Paula 39-55
Audio clip: Listen to Cowboys and Indians (excerpt from This American Life).
Week 12 Crime, Power and Coming of Age
• Raghavan, Anita. Part Two: Rising from The Billionaire’s Apprentice (40-60)
• Raghavan, Anita. Rajat Gupta’s Lust for Zeros (NYT magazine article)
• Mehta, Suketu. Exclusive: Raj Rajaratnam Reveals Why He Didn’t Take a Plea
(Newsweek article)
• Hegde, Radha S. National Anxieties and Diasporic Loyalties (1-22)
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Week 13: Diplomacy and The Non Resident Citizen
• Mani, Bakirathi, and Latha Varadarajan.‘The Largest Gathering of the Global Indian
Family’ (45-74)
• Gottschlich, Pierre. The Indian Diaspora in the United States of America (156-170)
• De Oliveira, Mirian Santos Ribeiro. (Re-)connecting with the Indian Diaspora from the
‘Homeland’ (147-162)
• Collated global media reports of Prime Minister Modi’s visit to the US and Australia to
meet the diaspora
Week 14: Wrap up
• Oral histories : Listen to excerpts of from oral narrative project on SA diaspora social
media
• Brief presentation of final projects
Week 15
• Brief presentation of final projects/ continued
• Concluding discussion
DESCRIPTION OF ASSIGNMENTS/DUE DATES
FIELD ASSIGNMENTS
ASSIGNMENTS DUE: WEEKS 4,7, AND 10.
These are short assignments which involve field observations and/or tracking media texts.
Students will write two page reports which they will post on NYU classes.
1. WEEK 4: Formation of South Asian spaces
2. WEEK 7: Production of South Asian culture in the city
3. WEEK 10: Media representation and South Asian diaspora
READING RESPONSES AND PARTICIPATION
Students are expected to write brief responses of about a paragraph or two based on the readings
of the day. Participation grade will be a composite of the classroom discussion and the written
responses.
Students are expected to post at least 10 responses through the semester. Responses are to be
posted the night before the class meeting so that others in class will have a chance to read the
responses.
FINAL PROJECT :
The final project will be a 15-20 page paper that examines an aspect of South Asian diasporic
identity and how it is produced, performed and/or represented. More details will be provided
later. The project can be an elaboration of one of the field assignments. Students will present
the project in class and then submit the written paper.
Class presentation: Will be scheduled during the last two class meetings
Paper to be submitted electronically during exam week.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
READINGS (IN THE ORDER LISTED IN SYLLABUS
Washbrook, David. 2013. “The World of the Indian Ocean.” In Routledge Handbook of the
South Asian Diaspora, edited by Joya Chatterji and David Washbrook, 13–22. London  ;
New York: Routledge.
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization.
Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Bose, Sugata. 2009. “Flows of Capitalists, Laborers, and Commodities.” In A Hundred Horizons:
The Indian Ocean in the Age of Global Empire, 72–121. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
Chatterji, Joya. 2013. “From Imperial Subjects to National Citizens: South Asians and the
International Migration Regime since 1947.” In Routledge Handbook of the South Asian
Diaspora, edited by Joya Chatterji and David Washbrook, 183–97. London  ; New York:
Routledge.
Kureishi, Hanif. 1991. The Buddha of Suburbia. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Penguin Books.
Bald, Vivek. 2013. “Between Hindoo and Negro.” In Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of
South Asian America, 49–93. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bald, Vivek. 2013. “The Travels and Transformations of Amir Haider Khan.” In Bengali Harlem
and the Lost Histories of South Asian America, 137–59. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
Jensen, Joan M. 1988. Passage from India: Asian Indian Immigrants in North America. New
Haven: Yale University Press.
Shukla, Sandhya. 2013. “South Asian Migration to the United States: Diasporic and National
Formations.” In Routledge Handbook of the South Asian Diaspora, edited by Joya
Chatterji and David Washbrook, 166–80. London  ; New York: Routledge.
Lal, Vinay. 2008. “The Diaspora within the Diaspora: Students and Rebels.” In The Other
Indians: A Political and Cultural History of South Asians in America. New Delhi; New
York: Harper Collins India.
Lal, Vinay. 2008. “‘Tawnies’ Amidst Whites (after Benjamin Franklin).” In The Other Indians:
A Political and Cultural History of South Asians in America. New Delhi; New York:
Harper Collins India.
Lal, Vinay. 2008. “Exile in the New Canaan.” In The Other Indians: A Political and Cultural
History of South Asians in America. New Delhi; New York: Harper Collins India.
Mazumdar, Sucheta. 1989. “Racist Responses to Racism: The Aryan Myth and South Asians in
the United States.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 9 (1):
47–55. doi:10.1215/07323867-9-1-47.
Shukla, Sandhya. 2003. “Little Indias, Places for Indian Diasporas.” In India Abroad: Diasporic
Cultures of Postwar America and England, 78–131. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
Penn, Kal. 2010. “The ‘Hilarious’ Xenophobia of Time’s Joel Stein.” The Huffington Post. July
2. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kal-penn/the-hilarious-xenophobia_b_634264.html.
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Khandelwal, Madhulika S. 2002. “The Landscape of South Asian New York.” In Becoming
American, Being Indian: An Immigrant Community in New York City, 12–34. Ithaca:
Cornell University Press.
Khandelwal, Madhulika S. 2002. “Transplating Indian Culture.” In Becoming American, Being
Indian: An Immigrant Community in New York City, 35–66. Ithaca: Cornell University
Press.
Shankar, Shalini. 2008. Desi Land: Teen Culture, Class, and Success in Silicon Valley. Durham,
NC: Duke University Press.
Kalita, S. Mitra. 2003. Suburban Sahibs: Three Immigrant Families and Their Passage from
India to America. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
Prashad, Vijay. 2000. “Of Authentic Cultural Lives.” In The Karma of Brown Folk. Minneapolis,
MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Hegde, Radha S. 2015. “Pursuit of Authenticity.” In Mediating Migration. London; Polity Press.
Sharma, Nitasha Tamar. 2010. “Sampling South Asians: Dual Flows of Appropriation and the
Possibilities of Authenticity.” In Hip Hop Desis: South Asian Americans, Blackness, and a
Global Race Consciousness, 234–82. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Lal, Vinay. 2008. “Indian ‘Culture’ in the Diaspora.” In The Other Indians: A Political and
Cultural History of South Asians in America. New Delhi; New York: Harper Collins India
Rubin, Rachel Lee, and Jeffrey Melnick. 2006. “Monterey, 1967: The Hippies Meet Ravi
Shankar.” In Immigration and American Popular Culture: An Introduction, 129–75. New
York: NYU Press.
Shukla, Sandhya. 1997. “Building Diaspora and Nation: The 1991 ‘Cultural Festival of India.’”
Cultural Studies 11 (2): 296–315. doi:10.1080/09502389700490161.
Dave, Shilpa. 2005. “Apu’s Brown Voice: Cultural Inflection and South Asian Accents.” In East
Main Street: Asian American Popular Culture, edited by Shilpa Dave, LeiLani Nishime,
and Tasha Oren, 313–36. New York: NYU Press.
Appadurai, Arjun. 2006. Fear of Small Numbers: An Essay on the Geography of Anger. Durham,
NC: Duke University Press.
Maira, Sunaina. 2009. “Dissenting Citizenship: Orientalisms, Feminisms and Dissenting
Feelings.” In Missing: Youth, Citizenship, and Empire after 9/11, 190–257. Durham, NC:
Duke University Press.
Maira, Sunaina. 2009. “Missing: Fear, Complicity and Solidarity.” In Missing: Youth,
Citizenship, and Empire after 9/11, 258–90. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Hegde, Radha S. 2015. “Politics and Technologies of Recognition.” In Mediating Migration.
London; Polity Press.
Prashad, Vijay. 2012. “The Day Our Probation Ended.” In Uncle Swami: South Asians in
America Today, 3–47. New York: The New Press.
Mathew, Biju. 2005. “Imperial Amnesia.” In Taxi!: Cabs and Capitalism in New York City, 177–
204. New York: The New Press.
Mathew, Biju. 2005. “The Borders of Globalization: Negotiating the Metropolis.” In Taxi!: Cabs
and Capitalism in New York City, 143–76. New York: The New Press.
Gopinath, Gayatri. 2013. “Who’s Your Daddy? Queer Diasporic Framings of the Region.” In
The Sun Never Sets: South Asian Migrants in an Age of U.S. Power, edited by Vivek Bald,
Miabi Chatterji, Sujani Reddy, and Manu Vimalassery, 274–300. New York: NYU Press.
Sthanki, Maunica. 2007. “The Aftermath of September 11: An Anti-Domestic Violence
Perspective.” In Body Evidence: Intimate Violence against South Asian Women in
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America, edited by Shamita Das Dasgupta, 68–80. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers
University Khadria, Binod (2001) Shifting paradigms of globalization: The twenty-first century
transition toward generics in skilled migration from India. Internaitonal Migration 39
(5) 45-72
Saxenian, AnnaLee (2006) The new Argonauts: Regional advantage in a global economy.
Cambridge: Harvard University press. 325-341
Bowe, John (2007) Cowboys and Indians. This American Life 344 (11.30.2007).
Listen to the program at http://www.thisamericanlife.org/contributors/john-bowe
Widdicombe, Lizzie. 2011. “Thin Yellow Line.” The New Yorker, April 11.
http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/04/18/thin-yellow-line.
Das Gupta, Monisha. 2006. “‘Know Your Place in History’: Labor Organizations.” In Unruly
Immigrants: Rights, Activism, and Transnational South Asian Politics in the United States,
208–54. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Das Gupta, Monisha. 2006. “Subverting Seductions: Queer Organizations.” In Unruly
Immigrants: Rights, Activism, and Transnational South Asian Politics in the United States,
159–207. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Dwyer, Rachel. 2013. “Bollywood’s Empire: Indian Cinema and the Diaspora.” In Routledge
Handbook of the South Asian Diaspora, edited by Joya Chatterji and David Washbrook,
409–18. London  ; New York: Routledge.
Bhattacharya, Nandini. 2008. “Romancing Religion: Neoliberal Bollywood’s Gendered Visual
Repertoire for a Pain-Free Globalization.” In Tracing an Indian Diaspora: Contexts,
Memories, Representations, edited by Parvati Raghuram, Ajaya Kumar Sahoo, Brij
Maharaj, and Dave Sangha, 346–67. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
Miller, Cynthia. 2008. “Immigrants, Images and Identity: Visualizing Homelands across
Borders.” In Tracing an Indian Diaspora: Contexts, Memories, Representations, edited by
Parvati Raghuram, Ajaya Kumar Sahoo, Brij Maharaj, and Dave Sangha, 284–98. Los
Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
Desai, Jigna. 2003. “When Indians Play Cowboys: Diaspora and Postcoloniality In Mira Nair’s
Mississippi Masala.” In Beyond Bollywood: The Cultural Politics of South Asian Diasporic
Film, 71–100. New York: Routledge.
Punathambekar, Aswin. 2013. “‘It’s Not Your Dad’s Bollywood’: Diasporic Entrepreneurs and
the Allure of Digital Media.” In From Bombay to Bollywood: The Making of a Global
Media Industry, 147–76. New York: NYU Press.
Vandevelde, Iris. 2013. “Revisiting the NRI ‘genre’: Indian Diasporic Engagements with NRI
and Multiplex Films.” South Asian Popular Culture 11 (1): 47–60.
doi:10.1080/14746689.2013.764641.
Rajagopal, Arvind. 2001. “Hindutva Goes Global.” In Politics after Television: Hindu
Nationalism and the Reshaping of the Public in India, 237–70. Cambridge, UK  ; New
York: Cambridge University Press.
Mallapragada, Madhavi. 2010. “Desktop Deities: Hindu Temples, Online Cultures and the
Politics of Remediation.” South Asian Popular Culture 8 (2): 109–21.
doi:10.1080/14746681003797955.
Lal, Vinay. 2014. “Cyberspace, the Globalization of Hinduism, and Protocols of Citizenship in
the Digtal Age.” In Indian Transnationalism Online: New Perspectives on Diaspora,
edited by Ajaya Kumar Sahoo and Johannes G. De Kruijf, 121–46. Farnham, Surrey,
England  ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing.
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Radhakrishnan, Smita (2008) Examining the “Global” Indian Middle class: Gender and culture
in the Silicon Valley/Bangalore circuit Jounral of Intercultural Studies 29, (1) 7-20
Khadria, Binod (2001) Shifting paradigms of globalization: The twenty-first century transition
toward generics in skilled migration from India. Internaitonal Migration 39 (5) 45-72
Saxenian, AnnaLee (2006) The new Argonauts: Regional advantage in a global economy
. Cambridge: Harvard University press. 325-341
Bowe, John (2007) Cowboys and Indians. This American Life 344 (11.30.2007).
Listen to the program at http://www.thisamericanlife.org/contributors/john-bowe
Raghavan, Anita. 2013. “Part Two: Rising.” In The Billionaire’s Apprentice: The Rise of The
Indian-American Elite and The Fall of The Galleon Hedge Fund. New York: Hatchette
Book Group.
Raghavan, Anita. 2013. “Rajat Gupta’s Lust for Zeros.” The New York Times, May 17, sec.
Magazine. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/19/magazine/rajat-guptas-lust-for-zeros.html.
Mehta, Suketu. 2011. “Exclusive: Raj Rajaratnam Reveals Why He Didn’t Take a Plea.”
Newsweek, October 23. http://www.newsweek.com/exclusive-raj-rajaratnam-reveals-whyhe-didnt-take-plea-68203.
Hegde, Radha S. “National Anxieties and Diasporic Loyalties.” Draft in Progress.
Mani, Bakirathi, and Latha Varadarajan. 2005. “‘The Largest Gathering of the Global Indian
Family’: Neoliberalism, Nationalism, and Diaspora at Pravasi Bharatiya Divas.” Diaspora:
A Journal of Transnational Studies 14 (1): 45–74. doi:10.1353/dsp.0.0006.
Gottschlich, Pierre. 2008. “The Indian Diaspora in the United States of America: An Emerging
Political Force?” In Tracing an Indian Diaspora: Contexts, Memories, Representations,
edited by Parvati Raghuram, Ajaya Kumar Sahoo, Brij Maharaj, and Dave Sangha, 156–
70. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
De Oliveira, Mirian Santos Ribeiro. 2014. “(Re-)connecting with the Indian Diaspora from the
‘Homeland’: Diaspora Conferences and the Construction of Online Linkages with NonResident Indians.” In Indian Transnationalism Online: New Perspectives on Diaspora,
edited by Ajaya Kumar Sahoo and Johannes G. De Kruijf, 147–62. Farnham, Surrey,
England  ; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing.
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