846_1.pdf

7KH8OWUDYLROHWDQG9LVLEOHOLJKW&RURQDJUDSKRIWKH
+(56&+(/H[SHULPHQW
05RPROLD($QWRQXFFLE6)LQHVFKLE'*DUGLROE/=DQJULOOLE
0$0DOYH]]LF(3DFHD/*RULD)/DQGLQLD$*KHUDUGLD
9'D'HSSRG*1DOHWWRH31LFRORVLH0*3HOL]]RG-'0RVHVI
-1HZPDUNI5+RZDUGI)$XFKHUHI-3'HODERXGLQLqUHJ
'LSGL$VWURQRPLDH6FLHQ]DGHOOR6SD]LR 8QLYGL)LUHQ]H,WDO\
E
2VVHUYDWRULR$VWURQRPLFRGL7RULQR ,1$),WDO\
F
'LSGL(OHWWURQLFD 8QLYGL3DYLD ,1)0,WDO\
G
'LSGL(OHWWURQLFDH,QIRUPDWLFD 8QLYGL3DGRYD,WDO\
H
'LSGL(OHWWURQLFDH,QIRUPDWLFD 8QLYGL3DGRYD± ,1)0,WDO\
I
1DYDO5HVHDUFK/DERUDWRU\:DVKLQJWRQ'&86$
J
,QVWLWXWG
$VWURSK\VLTXH6SDWLDOH8QLYHUVLWp3DULV;,2UVD\)UDQFH
D
$EVWUDFW 7KH+HUVFKHO+(OLXP5HVRQDQW6FDWWHULQJLQWKH&RURQDDQG+(/LRVSKHUH H[SHULPHQWWREHIORZQRQD
VRXQGLQJ URFNHW ZLOO LQYHVWLJDWH WKH KHOLXP FRURQDO DEXQGDQFH DQG WKH VRODU ZLQG DFFHOHUDWLRQ IURP DUDQJHRIVRODU
VRXUFHVWUXFWXUHVE\REWDLQLQJ WKHILUVWVLPXOWDQHRXVREVHUYDWLRQVRIWKHHOHFWURQSURWRQDQGKHOLXP VRODUFRURQD7KH
+(56&+(/SD\ORDGFRQVLVWVRIWKH(89,PDJLQJ 7HOHVFRSH(,7WKDWUHVHPEOHVWKH62+2(,7LQVWUXPHQWDQGWKH
8OWUDYLROHWDQG9LVLEOH&RURQDJUDSK89&89&LVDQLPDJLQJFRURQDJUDSKWKDWZLOOLPDJHWKHVRODUFRURQDIURP
WRVRODUUDGLLLQWKH(89OLQHVRI+,QPDQGWKH+H,,QPDQGLQWKHYLVLEOHEURDGEDQGSRODUL]HGEULJKWQHVV
7KH 89& FRURQDJUDSK LV H[WHUQDOO\ RFFXOWHG ZLWK D QRYHO GHVLJQ DV IDU DV WKH VWUD\ OLJKW UHMHFWLRQ LV FRQFHUQHG
7KHUHIRUH+(56&+(/ZLOODOVRHVWDEOLVKSURRIRISULQFLSOHIRUWKH8OWUDYLROHW &RURQDJUDSKZKLFKLVLQWKH(6$6RODU
2UELWHU0LVVLRQEDVHOLQH7KHVFLHQWLILFREMHFWLYHVRIWKHH[SHULPHQWZLOOEHGLVFXVVHGWRJHWKHUZLWKDGHVFULSWLRQRIWKH
89&FRURQDJUDSK
,1752'8&7,21
7KLV LQYHVWLJDWLRQ LV QDPHG DIWHU -RKQ ):
+HUVFKHO VRQ RI :LOOLDP +HUVFKHO -RKQ
+HUVFKHO¶V REVHUYDWLRQ RI +DOOH\¶V&RPHWLQOHG
KLP WR K\SRWKHVL]H D UHSXOVLYH IRUFH IURP WKH 6XQ
RSSRVLQJ JUDYLW\ 7KLV UHSXOVLYHIRUFHLVNQRZQWRGD\
DV WKH 6RODU :LQG +(56&+(/ LV FRQFHLYHG DV D
1$6$6RXQGLQJ5RFNHW3URJUDPSURYLGLQJQHZ(89
DQG YLVLEOHOLJKW FRURQDO REVHUYDWLRQV WR GLUHFWO\
PHDVXUH DQG WR FKDUDFWHUL]H LQGHWDLOWKHSURSHUWLHVRI
WKH WZR PRVW DEXQGDQW HOHPHQWV +\GURJHQ DQG
+HOLXP,QSDUWLFXODU+(56&+(/ZLOOEHDEOHWR
x SURYLGHWKHILUVWJOREDOLPDJHVRIWKH+H,,FRURQD
x SURYLGHWKHILUVWJOREDO(89LPDJHVRIWKHFRURQD
IRUWKHWZRPRVWDEXQGDQWHOHPHQWV+DQG+H
x SURYLGH WKH ILUVW PDSV RI +H DEXQGDQFH LQ WKH
FRURQD
x SURYLGH WKH ILUVW JOREDO PDSV RI WKH VRODU ZLQG
RXWIORZ+ DQG+H RXWIORZ
,Q DGGLWLRQ WR WKH DERYH VFLHQFH REMHFWLYHV
+(56&+(/ZLOOHVWDEOLVKDSURRIRISULQFLSOHIRUWKH
89&ZKLFKLVLQWKH(6$6RODU2UELWHU0LVVLRQ>@
7DEOH VXPPDUL]HV +(56&+(/ REMHFWLYHV DQG WKH
ZD\ WKH\ DUH DFFRPSOLVKHG 7KH +(56&+(/
LQVWUXPHQWSDFNDJHFRQVLVWVRIWKH([WUHPH8OWUDYLROHW
,PDJLQJ 7HOHVFRSH (,7>@ ZKLFK ZLOO SURYLGH +H,,
QP LPDJHV IURP GLVN WR 5 DQG )H;,
~
)H;,,DQG)H;9FRURQDOLPDJHVIURPGLVNWR5
~
IRU 6L ;, H[WUDFWLRQ DQG WKH 8OWUDYLROHW DQG 9LVLEOH
OLJKW&RURQDJUDSK89&ZKLFKZLOOSURYLGH+,/\.
QP LPDJHV +H,, /\. QP LPDJHV DQG
SRODUL]HGEULJKWQHVVS%LPDJHVIURPWR5~
89&237,&$/'(6,*1
89& FRQVLVWV RI WZR FRURQDJUDSKV ZLWK LGHQWLFDO
RSWLFDO GHVLJQ FRURQDJUDSK $ IRU WKH LPDJLQJ RI
+,QP DQG YLVLEOHOLJKW FRURQD FRURQDJUDSK %
IRU WKH LPDJLQJ RI +H,, QP DQG YLVLEOHOLJKW
FRURQD 7KH WZR FRURQDJUDSKV GLIIHU PDLQO\ LQ WKH
PLUURU FRDWLQJV FRURQDJUDSK $ KDV $O0J) DQG
FRURQDJUDSK % KDV 0R6L PXOWLOD\HU 7KH RSWLFDO
OD\RXW RI 89& VHH )LJ DQG )LJ FRQVLVWV RI WZR
VHFWLRQV WKH ERRP DVVHPEO\ DQG WKH WHOHVFRSH
DVVHPEO\ 7KH ERRP DVVHPEO\ DFFRPSOLVKHV WKH
SULQFLSDO DFWLRQ UHTXLUHG E\ D FRURQDJUDSK WKH
UHMHFWLRQ RI WKH VRODU GLVN UDGLDWLRQ 7KH WHOHVFRSH
DVVHPEO\LVWKHLPDJLQJRSWLFVZKHUHWKHLPDJHRIWKH
VRODU FRURQD LV IRUPHG DQG GHWHFWHG 7KH WHOHVFRSH
GHVLJQLVDQRIID[LVJUHJRULDQ
CP679, Solar Wind Ten: Proceedings of the Tenth International Solar Wind Conference,
edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F. Malara
© 2003 American Institute of Physics 0-7354-0148-9/03/$20.00
846
6FLHQFH2EMHFWLYHV
,QYHVWLJDWHRULJLQRIWKHVORZ
VRODUZLQG
,QYHVWLJDWHWKHDFFHOHUDWLRQ
PHFKDQLVPRIWKHIDVWVRODU
ZLQG
,QYHVWLJDWHYDULDWLRQRI
KHOLXPDEXQGDQFH LQFRURQDO
VWUXFWXUHV
DGHSDUWXUHVIURPSULPRUGLDO
FRPSRVLWLRQ
EIUDFWLRQDWLRQUHJLRQIRU
KHOLXPLQWKHVRODUDWPRVSKHUH
)DFLOLWDWHIXWXUH
LQYHVWLJDWLRQ RI&0(V
NLQHPDWLFVDQGVRODUF\FOH
HYROXWLRQRIWKHHOHFWURQ
SURWRQDQGKHOLXPFRURQD
7$%/(+(56&+(/LQYHVWLJDWLRQVXPPDU\
$SSURDFK
(VWDEOLVKUHODWLYHUROHVRI
JUDYLWDWLRQDOVHWWOLQJ DQG
&RXORPEIULFWLRQ LQVORZVRODU
ZLQGDFFHOHUDWLRQUHJLRQVHJ
VWUHDPHUVFRURQDOKROH
ERXQGDULHVILQHVWUXFWXUHV
0HDVXUHRXWIORZYHORFLWLHV RI
GLIIHUHQWLRQVLQFRURQDOKROHV
YLDGRSSOHUGLPPLQJ
0HDVXUH+HOLXPDEXQGDQFH
SURILOHLQWKHH[WHQGHGFRURQD
J 5~
(VWDEOLVKDSURRIRIFRQFHSWYLD
VXERUELWDOLQYHVWLJDWLRQWKDW
ZLOOOHDGWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI
WKH89&VWUDZPDQIRU6RODU
2UELWHU
7HFKQLTXHH[SODLQHGLQ'HODERXGLQLqUH>@
),*85( &RURQDJUDSK GHVLJQ VKRZLQJ D VLQJOH
FRURQDJUDSK 7KH VHFRQG FRURQDJUDSK ZLOO EH PRXQWHG RQ
WKHRSSRVLWHVLGHRIWKHRSWLFDOEHQFK
%RRPDVVHPEO\7KHVRODUGLVNOLJKWLVEORFNHGRQWKH
IURQWDSHUWXUHE\WKHH[WHUQDORFFXOWHU(27KHGLVN
OLJKWSDVVLQJWKURXJKWKHDQQXODUIURQWDSHUWXUHRI(2
LV UHIOHFWHG EDFN WKURXJK LW E\ D VXQGLVN UHMHFWLRQ
PLUURU 0 EHKLQG WKH H[WHUQDO RFFXOWHU 7KLV ³VRODU
VKLHOG´ KDV DQ HQWUDQFH DSHUWXUH $ ZKLFK LV
FRPSOHWHO\ LQ WKH VKDGRZ RI WKH H[WHUQDO RFFXOWHU $
DOORZVWKHWHOHVFRSHSULPDU\PLUURU0WRFROOHFWWKH
FRURQDOOLJKWJRLQJWKURXJK(20LVDVOLJKWO\WLSSHG
VSKHULFDOPLUURUZKRVHIRFDOOHQJWKLVHTXDOWRWKH(2
0GLVWDQFH,QWKLVZD\WKHPLUURUFROOHFWVDOOGLUHFW
VXQOLJKW HQWHULQJ WKH LQVWUXPHQW IRFXVHV WKH VRODU
LPDJH RQ RQH VLGH RI WKH IURQW DSHUWXUH DQG UHMHFWV LW
RXWVLGHWKHLQVWUXPHQW
847
3K\VLFDO3DUDPHWHU
‡+H GHQVLW\PDS5~
‡+ GHQVLW\PDS5~
‡H GHQVLW\PDSWRDFFRXQWIRU
+H,,GRSSOHUGLPPLQJFRPS
‡+H GHQVLW\DQG GRSSOHU
GLPPZLQGVSHHG PDS5~
‡+ GHQVLW\DQG GRSSOHU
GLPPZLQGVSHHG PDS5~
‡H GHQVLW\PDS5~
‡+H GHQVLW\PDS5~
‡+ GHQVLW\PDS5~
2EVHUYDWLRQV
‡/\D
D +H,,LQWHQVLW\89&
D +,LQWHQVLW\89&
‡/\D
‡)H;)H;,,)H;9LQWWR
GHULYHFROOLVLRQDOO\H[FLWHG
HPLVVLRQFRQWULEXWLRQWRQP
EDQGSDVVHJ6L;,(,7
D +H,,ORZFRURQD(,7
‡/\D
‡.FRURQDS% 89&
‡6WUD\OLJKWSURILOHV89&
‡+H GHQVLW\DQGGRSSOHU
GLPPZLQGVSHHG PDS5~
‡+ GHQVLW\DQGGRSSOHU
GLPPZLQGVSHHG PDS5~
‡H GHQVLW\PDS5~
7HOHVFRSHDVVHPEO\7KHSULPDU\PLUURU0FUHDWHV
UHDO LPDJHV RI WKH GLIIUDFWLQJ HGJHV RI (2 DQG $
7KH LPDJH RI WKH (2 HGJHV LV EORFNHGE\WKHLQWHUQDO
RFFXOWHU ,2 ZKLOH WKDW RI $ LV GXPSHG LQ WKH /\RW
WUDS $ SODFHG DURXQG DQG EHKLQG WKH VHFRQGDU\
PLUURU0,QWKLVZD\0IRFXVHVRQO\WKHFRURQDO
OLJKW RQ WKH GHWHFWRU SODQH %RWK 0 DQG 0 DUH
HOOLSVRLGV &RURQDJUDSK $ LV HTXLSSHG ZLWK D QDUURZ
EDQG LQWHUIHUHQFH ILOWHU WKDW WUDQVPLW WKH +, OLQH 7KH
YLVLEOHOLJKW EDFNUHIOHFWLRQ RI WKH +, /\. ILOWHU LV
XVHG IRU WKH PHDVXUHPHQW RI WKH SRODUL]HG EULJKWQHVV
S% RI WKH .FRURQD 7KH +H,, FRURQDJUDSK LV
HTXLSSHGZLWKDWZRVORWILOWHUZKHHOWKDWDFFRPRGDWHV
D +H,, EDQG SDVV ILOWHU DQG D PLUURU IRU WKH SRODUL]HG
EULJKWQHVV 7KHVHOHFWLRQRIWKH +H,,QPEDQGSDVV
LV DFFRPSOLVKHG E\ WKH PXOWLOD\HU FRDWLQJ RI WKH
PLUURUV
89&237,&$/3(5)250$1&(6
3UHGLFWHG FRURQDO LQWHQVLWLHV )LJ VKRZV WKH
SUHGLFWHG FRURQDO LQWHQVLWLHV 7KH+,QPFXUYHV
DUH DFWXDO GDWD IURP 89&662+2>@ VWUHDPHUV>@
FRURQDO KROHV>@ $OVR VKRZQ LV WKH +, JHRFRURQDO
HPLVVLRQ 9LVLEOH OLJKW LQWHQVLWLHV DUH GHULYHG IURP
$OOHQ>@ 7KH KHOLXP LQWHQVLWLHV LQIHUUHG IURP (,7
GDWD>@ VKRZ D GRPLQDQFH RI VWUD\ OLJKW QHDU 5 ~
VKRZLQJ WKH QHHG IRU FRURQDJUDSK REVHUYDWLRQV 7KH
SUHGLFWHG VWUHDPHU +H,, LQWHQVLWLHV DUH GHULYHG IURP
HOHFWURQGHQVLWLHVDQGWHPSHUDWXUHVJLYHQE\*LEVRQHW
DO>@
(IIHFWLYHIRFDOOHQJWK
)LHOGRI9LHZ
([WHUQDORFFXOWHU'
'LVWDQFH'0
PP
5~ #$8
,5 PP25 PP
0
PP
6XQOLJKWUHMHFWLRQPLUURU0 6SKHULFDO5F PP
$SHUWXUH$
,5 PP25 PP
2SWLFDOD[LVLQFOLQDWLRQÛ
'LVWDQFH00
PP
'LVWDQFH0$
PP
3ULPDU\PLUURU0
)LHOG6WRS$
'LVWDQFH$'
,QWHUQDORFFXOWHU'
'LVWDQFH00
6HFRQGDU\PLUURU0
'LVWDQFH0)389SDWK
89)RFDO3ODQH)3
0
2IID[LVHOOLSWLFDO5F PP
5 PP&RQLF&RQVW ,5 PP
PP
0
,5 PP25 PP
PP
2IID[LVHOOLSWLFDO5F PP
5 PP&RQLF&RQVW PP
3ODWHVFDOH P
3L[HO SL[HO
,PDJH PP[S[OV
0
),*85( 89&RSWLFDOOD\RXWDQGRSWLFDOSDUDPHWHUV
),*85(3UHGLFWHGLQWHQVLWLHVDQGVWUD\OLJKWLQWKH89&FRURQDJUDSK$OHIW+,DQG9LVLEOHOLJKWFKDQQHOVDQG
%ULJKW+H,,FKDQQHO
7KHSUHGLFWHGFRURQDOKROH+H,,LQWHQVLWLHVDUHGHULYHG
XVLQJ HOHFWURQ GHQVLWLHV IURP *XKDWKDNXUWD HW DO>@
HOHFWURQWHPSHUDWXUHVH[WUDSRODWHGIURP&'6680(5
PHDVXUHPHQWV>@ WR LQWHUSODQHWDU\ YDOXH>@ DQG
RXWIORZ YHORFLWLHV IURP 89&6>@ 7KH PRGHOHG
LQWHQVLW\RIWKH6L;,QPLQDVWUHDPHULVVKRZQ
VWDUWLQJDW5 $ERYH5 WKH6L;,FRQWULEXWLRQ
~
~
WR WKH VLJQDO LQ WKH 89&, +H,, FKDQQHO LV QHJOLJLEOH
7KLV FDQ EH HDVLO\ XQGHUVWRRG DV WKH LQWHQVLW\ SURILOH
RI WKH FROOLVLRQDOO\ SURGXFHG 6L;, OLQH GURSVZLWK WKH
VTXDUHRIWKHHOHFWURQGHQVLW\ZKHUHDVWKHLQWHQVLW\RI
WKH UHVRQDQW +H,, /\D GURSV RQO\ OLQHDUO\ ZLWK WKH
HOHFWURQGHQVLW\
3UHGLFWHG FRXQW UDWHV )LJ VKRZV WKH SUHGLFWHG
FRXQWUDWHV+HOLXPZLOOEHGHWHFWHGXSWRDWOHDVW5
~
LQFRURQDOKROHV6WDWLVWLFDOO\VLJQLILFDQWPHDVXUHPHQWV
ZLOO WKHUHIRUH EH SRVVLEOH XS WR 5 LQ VWUHDPHUV ,Q
~
FRURQDOKROHVXVLQJWKH&&'LQELQQLQJPRGHZHZLOO
UHOLDEO\ GHWHFW K\GURJHQ XS WR 5 DQG KHOLXP XS WR
~
848
5 7KH IDVW VRODU ZLQG DFFHOHUDWLRQ RFFXUV ZLWKLQ
~
WKHVH KHLJKWV LQ FRURQDO KROHV 1RWH WKDW WKH UHDO
KHOLXPFRURQDOKROHFRXQWUDWHPD\EHKLJKHUEHFDXVH
WKH PRGHO LQFOXGHV VLJQLILFDQW 'RSSOHU GLPPLQJ DQG
GRHVQRWDFFRXQWIRUWKHSRVVLEOHKHOLXPHQKDQFHPHQW
GHWHFWHG E\ 'HODERXGLQLqUH>@ 7KLV VKRZV DQ
LPSRUWDQW IHDWXUH RI WKH +(56&+(/ H[SHULPHQW WKH
)29VRI(,7DQG89&,RYHUODS7KLVZLOOSURYLGHDQ
LPSRUWDQW LQIOLJKW FRQILUPDWLRQ RI WKH ODERUDWRU\
LQWHUFDOLEUDWLRQ
6WUD\ OLJKW UHMHFWLRQ 6WUD\ OLJKW LQVLGH WKH
FRURQDJUDSKVLVSURGXFHGE\WZRVRXUFHV
GLVNOLJKWHQWHULQJGLUHFWO\WKHH[WHUQDORFFXOWHU
GLVN OLJKW GLIIUDFWHG E\ WKH HGJHV RI WKH H[WHUQDO
RFFXOWHU
'LVN OLJKW HQWHULQJ GLUHFWO\ WKH H[WHUQDO RFFXOWHU '
LVUHIOHFWHGEDFNRXWVLGH'E\07KHPDMRUVRXUFH
RI VWUD\OLJKW LV WKH GLVNOLJKW GLIIUDFWHG E\ WKH HGJHV
RI WKH H[WHUQDO RFFXOWHU ' DQG E\ WKH HGJH RI WKH
HQWUDQFHDSHUWXUH$LQ0
),*85( 3UHGLFWHG89FRXQWUDWHV
7KLV GLIIUDFWHG OLJKW LV VSHFXODUO\ UHIOHFWHG E\ WKH
SULPDU\ PLUURU 0 ZKLFK IRUPV WZR LPDJHV RI '
DQG$7KHLQWHUQDORFFXOWHU'LVSODFHGZKHUH0
FUHDWHV WKH UHDO LPDJH RI'7KHUHDOLPDJHRI$LV
IRUPHGE\0RQWKHSODQHFRQWDLQLQJ0MXVWRXWVLGH
0HGJH7KLVLPDJHLVGXPSHGLQWKH/\RWWUDS$
SODFHG DURXQG DQG EHKLQG 0 (VWLPDWHV RI WKH VWUD\
OLJKW IRU ERWK FRURQDJUDSKV DUH JLYHQ LQ )LJ7KH
VWUD\OLJKWHVWLPDWHVDUHEDVHGRQWKHDVVXPSWLRQRID
QP UPV VXUIDFH URXJKQHVV>@ 2QH RI +(56&+(/
REMHFWLYHV LV WKH WHVW RI WKH VWUD\ OLJKW LQ WKLV QRYHO
FRURQDJUDSKLFGHVLJQ
0XOWLOD\HU FRDWLQJ SHUIRUPDQFHV 6LQJOH RSWLFV FDQ
EH XVHG IRU DOO 89& ZDYHOHQJWKV )LJ JLYHV WKH
UHIOHFWLYLW\ LQ (89 DQG YLVLEOH ZDYHOHQJWK UDQJH IRU
WKH 0R6L PXOWLOD\HU ZLWK D QP SHULRG 7KH NH\
HOHPHQWLQWKH6RODU2UELWHU89&,LQVWUXPHQWFRQFHSW
LVWKDWWKHPLUURUVZLWKFRDWLQJVRSWLPL]HGIRUQP
VWLOO KDYH JRRG UHIOHFWLYLW\ DW QP DQG LQ WKH
YLVLEOH ,Q WKH FDVH RI WKH +, QP OLQH WKH RII
EDQG UHMHFWLRQ RI WKH YLVLEOH OLJKW LV SURYLGHG E\
$O0J) LQWHUIHUHQFH ILOWHU VXFK DV WKH FRPPHUFLDOO\
DYDLODEOH $FWRQ QP ILOWHU 7KH FKRLFH RI WZR
FRURQDJUDSKV RQ +(56&+(/ LV H[SODLQHG ZLWK WKH
VKRUW GXUDWLRQ RI WKH REVHUYDWLRQ DQG ZLWK WKH
LPSRUWDQFH RI FRPSDULQJ YLVLEOH OLJKW VWUD\ OLJKW WKH
PRVW FULWLFDO UHTXLUHPHQW SURGXFHG E\ PXOWLOD\HU
RSWLFV WR WKDW RI D PRUH WUDGLWLRQDO $O0J) FRDWHG
RSWLFV
2SWLFDO SHUIRUPDQFHV )LJ VKRZV WKH RSWLFDO
SHUIRUPDQFHV RI WKH (89 DQG YLVLEOHOLJKW SDWKV 7KH
RSWLFDOSHUIRUPDQFHVRIWKH9/SDWKDUHOLPLWHGDWORZ
VRODUUDGLL5 E\WKHGLIIUDFWLRQDQGDWKLJKVRODU
~
UDGLL E\WKHSL[HOVL]H7KHRSWLFDOSHUIRUPDQFHVRIWKH
(89 SDWKV DUH HVVHQWLDOO\ SL[HO OLPLWHG 'LIIUDFWLRQ
DQGDEHUUDWLRQIRUQPEDQGVDUHOHVVWKDQSL[HO
HYHU\ZKHUH
849
),*85( 5HIOHFWDQFHRI0R6LPXOWLOD\HURSWLPL]HGIRU
QP
),*85( 89& RSWLFDO SHUIRUPDQFHV 9LVLEOHOLJKW
FKDQQHOOHIWDQG+,FKDQQHOULJKW
5()(5(1&(6
6RODU2UELWHU$+LJK5HVROXWLRQ0LVVLRQWR WKH6XQDQG
WKH,QQHU+HOLRVSKHUH(6$6&,-XO\
$QWRQXFFL(HWDO3URF63,(
'HODERXGLQLqUH-3HWDO6RO3K\V 'HODERXGLQLqUH-36RO3K\V .RKO-/HWDO6RO3K\V 6WUDFKDQ / 6XOHLPDQ 5 3DQDV\XN $9 %LHVHFNHU
'$.RKO-/$S- &UDQPHU65HWDO$S- $OOHQ &: $VWURSK\VLFDO 4XDQWLWLHV 7KH $WKORQH
3UHVV/RQGRQ
*LEVRQ6 HWDO-*5 *XKDWKDNXUWD0HWDO-*5 'DYLG&HWDO$$ /
$QWRQXFFL ( 'RGHUR 0$ *LRUGDQR 66RO 3K\V
5RPROL0HWDO3URF63,(