MINNESOTA PHYSICIAN
WORKFORCE DATA FOLLOW-UP
Follow-up analysis for the Immigrant IMG Task Force
August 20, 2014
Minnesota planning regions
First follow-up:
The committee was concerned that IMG physicians might be more likely
not to supply a business address to the Board of Medical Practice.
Share of physicians who did not supply
a business address (N=2,445)
Trained outside the U.S. and Canada
13.4%
Trained in Canada
11.6%
Trained in the U.S.
0.0%
10.9%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
Source: Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014. A total of 2,445 physicians did not provide a business address.
Second follow-up:
Minnesota’s southwest region has the highest share
of physicians of color and IMGs. Why?
Review: Race of Minnesota-licensed physicians,
southwest Minnesota and statewide
70%
60%
72%
68%
Southwest Minnesota
Statewide
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
4% 2%
White
Black
13%
8%
Asian
0.1%
0.3% 0.1%
American
Native
Indian Hawaiian or
Pacific
Islander
Source: 2013 Physician Workforce Survey, Minnesota Department of Health.
4%
14%
3%
Other
1%
1%
10%
Multi-racial Unknown
(No Survey
Response
Second follow-up, continued
Review: IMGs as a share of all licensed physicians,
by region
14%
Statewide
24%
Southwest
19%
Southeast
13%
Seven County Minneapolis/St. Paul
15%
Northwest
8%
Northeast
12%
Central
0%
5%
10%
15%
Source: Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
20%
25%
30%
Second follow-up, continued
Share of physicians of color who are IMGs,
southwest Minnesota
90.0%
80.0%
71.4%
70.0%
77.3%
60.0%
53.8%
50.0%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
7.8%
0.0%
White
Black
Asian
Other
Multi-racial
Sources: Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014. Physician Workforce Survey, 2013, Minnesota Department
of Health.
Second follow-up, continued:
Country of IMGs in southwest Minnesota
Country of Education
India
Pakistan
Canada
Dominica
Philippines
Nigeria
Poland
Dominican Republic
Hungary
Ireland
Nepal
Netherland Antilles
Colombia
Egypt
Ethiopia
Germany
Greece
Grenada
Lebanon
Mexico
Nicaragua
South Korea
West Indies
Number
42
15
10
5
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Percentage of All
Physicians in the Region
7.4%
2.6%
1.8%
.9%
.9%
.7%
.7%
.5%
.5%
.5%
.5%
.5%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
.4%
Source: Minnesota Board of
Medical Practice licensing
data, current through May
2014. An additional 23
countries have only one IMG
each in the Southwest
region.
Second follow-up, continued
Number and share of IMG physicians
on a J-1 Visa Waiver
Region
Central
Northeast
Northwest
Minneapolis/St. Paul
Southeast
Southwest
Statewide
Number
14
13
45
99
29
37
237*
Percentage of Total
IIMGs in the Region
11%
19%
40%
9%
5%
27%
11%
*Excludes 147 physicians who have J-1 visa waivers: 38 of these reported an outof-state business address; 14 did not provide a business address; and 95 could not
be matched to the Board of Medical Practice licensing data because they were in
the process of applying for a medical license when their J-1 waiver was approved
and did not have a license number in the BMP database.
Third follow-up:
Why are IMGs less likely than U.S.-trained physicians to be
board certified?
Review: Share of licensed IMGs and USMGs without board
certification
IMGs
IIMGs
39%
35%
Canadian Educated
22%
U.S. Educated
Source: Minnesota Board of Medical Practice
licensing data, current through May 2014.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Third follow-up, continued:
Likely culprit: length of time licensed
Median Time
Since First
Licensure
Share Who Have
Had an Active
License for 3
years or less
U.S.
14 years
18.2%
Canada
17 years
14.3%
Other Country
7 years
32.0%
Country of
Education
• 61 percent of IMGs without Board Certification have had their
license for more than three years.
• 55 percent of U.S.-trained physicians without Board
Certification have had their license for more than three years.
Source: Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Fourth follow-up:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Southeast Asia
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed
Physicians
Population per 1
Educated in this
Licensed
Country
Physician
Laos
Vietnam
24,408
18,548
0
3
24,408
6,183
Cambodia (Kampuchea)
3,045
0
3,045
Thailand
15,014
27
556
Burma (Myanmar)
4,183
10
418
Philippines
6,346
146
43
Indonesia
N/A
3
N/A
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Fourth follow-up:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Africa
(see additional countries from this region in Appendix)
Country of
Education
Estimated Foreign- Number of MN
Born Population in Licensed Physicians
Minnesota,
Educated in this
Population per 1
2010-2012
Country
Licensed Physician
Liberia
12,216
2
6,108
Somalia
21,227
7
3,032
Eritrea
1,197
0
1,197
772
0
772
Ethiopia
12,503
20
625
Kenya
7,295
14
521
Cameroon
1,303
3
434
Tanzania
Sudan
1,028
3,327
4
14
257
238
Sierra Leone
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Fourth follow-up:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Latin America
(see additional countries from this region in Appendix)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
El Salvador
7,233
1
7,233
Honduras
4,534
0
4,534
Guyana/British Guiana
2,447
0
2,447
Mexico
70,988
87
816
Guatemala
4,594
9
510
Trinidad and Tobago
Haiti
Ecuador
Colombia
423
1,358
4,080
5,116
0
4
15
43
423
340
272
119
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Fourth follow-up:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Eastern Europe
(see additional countries from this region in Appendix)
Country of Education
Byelorussia
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
2,737
0
2,737
567
0
567
Ukraine
3,766
14
269
Russia/Other Former USSR
6,710
26
258
Bosnia
1,624
7
232
Poland
Romania
Hungary
Belarus
1,898
1,385
531
N/A
52
41
24
3
37
34
22
N/A
Latvia
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Fourth follow-up:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Top 10 highest ratios
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed
Physicians
Population per 1
Educated in this
Licensed
Country
Physician
Laos
El Salvador
Vietnam
24,408
7,233
18,548
0
1
3
24,408
7,233
6,183
Liberia
12,216
2
6,108
Honduras
4,534
0
4,534
Cambodia (Kampuchea)
3,045
0
3,045
Somalia
21,227
7
3,032
Byelorussia
2,737
0
2,737
Guyana/British Guiana
2,447
0
2,447
Eritrea
1,197
0
1,197
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Still to come (in September):
• Data on J1 retention in the state.
• Data on residency programs: demographics and trends in
slots filled/vacant over past 10 years.
• More background on the Match “all-in” policy and nonMatch residencies.
DATA APPENDIX
About this data
• The data in this presentation are from two sources:
• Data on licensed physicians are from the May, 2014 Board of Medical Practice licensing
database. This database includes a total of 21,669 physicians, approximately 69 percent of
whom have Minnesota business location.
• Additional demographic data are from the 2013 MDH Physician Workforce Survey. This
survey is administered to all physicians who are renewing their licenses in the state of
Minnesota. In 2013, the overall response rate was 51.5 percent, which represented 10,809
Minnesota-licensed physicians.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Southeast Asia
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed
Physicians
Population per 1
Educated in this
Licensed
Country
Physician
Laos
Vietnam
24,408
18,548
0
3
24,408
6,183
Cambodia (Kampuchea)
3,045
0
3,045
Thailand
15,014
27
556
Burma (Myanmar)
4,183
10
418
Philippines
6,346
146
43
Indonesia
N/A
3
N/A
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
South Asia
Country of Education
Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
Bangladesh
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
1,038
13
80
897
15
783
60
India
26,273
Nepal
812
Pakistan
Number of MN
Licensed
Physicians
Population per 1
Educated in this
Licensed
Country
Physician
1,556
34
256
34
24
6
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
East Asia
Country of Education
Hong Kong
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed
Physicians
Population per 1
Educated in this
Licensed
Country
Physician
1,361
1
1,361
714
1
714
Korea
13,419
39
344
Taiwan
2,994
12
250
China
13,634
90
151
Japan
1,983
17
117
Other Asia
5,335
98
54
Malaysia
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Middle East
Country of Education
Iran
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
1,711
44
39
940
49
19
1,122
60
19
Lebanon
582
55
11
Israel/Palestine
N/A
38
N/A
Jordan
Kuwait
Syria
Afghanistan
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
25
1
68
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Turkey
Egypt/United Arab Republic
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Africa (page 1)
Country of
Education
Estimated Foreign- Number of MN
Born Population in Licensed Physicians
Minnesota,
Educated in this
Population per 1
2010-2012
Country
Licensed Physician
Liberia
12,216
2
6,108
Somalia
21,227
7
3,032
Eritrea
1,197
0
1,197
772
0
772
Ethiopia
12,503
20
625
Kenya
7,295
14
521
Cameroon
1,303
3
434
Tanzania
Sudan
1,028
3,327
4
14
257
238
Sierra Leone
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Africa (page 2)
Country of
Education
Estimated Foreign- Number of MN
Born Population in Licensed Physicians
Minnesota,
Educated in this
Population per 1
2010-2012
Country
Licensed Physician
Ghana
2,099
110
4,672
19
96
Nigeria
South Africa
836
35
24
Uganda
N/A
N/A
Morocco
N/A
8
2
8,139
265
31
Other Africa
49
N/A
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Latin America (page 1)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
El Salvador
7,233
1
7,233
Honduras
4,534
0
4,534
Guyana/British Guiana
2,447
0
2,447
Mexico
70,988
87
816
Guatemala
4,594
9
510
Trinidad and Tobago
Haiti
Ecuador
Colombia
423
1,358
4,080
5,116
0
4
15
43
423
340
272
119
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Latin America (page 2)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
Cuba
548
6
91
Brazil
2,040
37
55
767
16
48
1,352
34
40
657
30
22
N/A
N/A
N/A
4,951
10
42
10
253
N/A
N/A
N/A
20
Costa Rica
Peru
Argentina
Chile
Dominican Republic
Venezuela
Other Latin America
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Eastern Europe (page 1)
Country of Education
Byelorussia
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
2,737
0
2,737
567
0
567
Ukraine
3,766
14
269
Russia/Other Former USSR
6,710
26
258
Bosnia
1,624
7
232
Poland
Romania
Hungary
Belarus
1,898
1,385
531
N/A
52
41
24
3
37
34
22
N/A
Latvia
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IIMG physician population, by country
Eastern Europe (page 2)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
Bulgaria
N/A
17
N/A
Czech Republic
N/A
3
N/A
Czechoslovakia
N/A
12
N/A
Estonia
N/A
0
N/A
Lithuania
N/A
N/A
Moldavia
USSR/Russia (other)
Yugoslavia
N/A
N/A
N/A
4
2
36
10
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IIMG physician population, by country
Northern and Western Europe (page 1)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
1
1,057
Norway
1,057
Finland
691
3
230
Sweden
1,141
5
228
France
1,184
9
132
Denmark
602
5
120
Germany
England
Scotland
7,617
4,161
424
83
59
7
92
71
61
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IIMG physician population, by country
Northern and Western Europe (page 2)
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
Austria
349
6
58
Netherlands
824
21
39
Ireland
579
79
7
Switzerland
N/A
7
N/A
United Kingdom
N/A
20
N/A
7,297
33
221
Other Europe
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IIMG physician population, by country
Southern Europe
Country of Education
Italy
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
1,063
27
39
Greece
519
29
18
Portugal
N/A
2
N/A
Spain
N/A
14
N/A
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.
Full region tables:
Compare immigrant population to IMG physician population, by country
Oceania
Country of Education
Estimated
Foreign-Born
Population in
Minnesota,
2010-2012
New Zealand
627
Australia
913
Number of MN
Licensed Physicians Population per
Educated in this
1 Licensed
Country
Physician
9
70
21
43
Sources: Population estimates come from the Minnesota Compass Project, citing Ruggles, et. al. Number of MN licensed physician comes
from the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice licensing data, current through May 2014.