Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: H0472 / Konsep Sistem Informasi
: 2006
:1
Pertemuan 1
Sistem Informasi pada dunia nyata
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menerangkan dasar-dasar dan pengertian
konsep sisfo serta halangan dalam
implementasinya
2
Outline Materi
• Difficulty of applying IT
• Work Concept Analysis
• Phases in building and maintaining
systems
• IT in business function
• Obstacles when applying IT in Real World
3
Applying IT can be difficult to do
• Systems analysis and design is about
understanding and applying
methodologies to help create effective
information systems
4
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
• Work Centered Analysis (WCA) as its
applied to the Amazon case
5
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.2
6
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
CUSTOMER
Person who purchases books
Wholesalers that supply the books
Amazon.com’s shipping department
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.3
7
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
PRODUCT
Information about books that might be purchased
Information describing each book order
Books that are eventually delivered
8
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.4
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
BUSINESS PROCESS
Major Steps:
•Purchaser logs on to www.amazon.com
•Purchaser identifies desired book or gives search criteria
•Purchaser looks at book-related information and decides what to order
•Purchaser enters order
•Amazon.com orders book from wholesaler
•Wholesaler sends book to Amazon.com
•Shipping department packages order and sends it to the purchaser
Rationale:
Instead of forcing book buyers to go to typical bookstores, permit them to
use online access from home or from work.
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.5
9
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
PARTICIPANTS
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
People interested in
purchasing books
Orders for books
Personal computer used
by purchaser
Order fulfillment
department of wholesaler
Price and other
information about
each book
Shipping department
of Amazon.com
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Computers and networks
used by Amazon.com for
order processing
Slide 1.610
Phases in Building and Maintaining
Systems
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Initiation
Development
Implementation
Operation & Maintenance
11
Phases in Building and Maintaining
Systems
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13
IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
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Product design systems
Procurement systems
Manufacturing systems
Sales and Marketing systems
Delivery systems
Customer service systems
Finance systems
14
IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
Table 1.3
Six Data Processing Functions Performed by Information Technology
FUNCTION: CAPTURE
Definition: Obtain a representation of information in a form permitting it to
be transmitted or stored
Example: Keyboard, bar code scanner, document scanner, optical
character recognition, sound recorder, video camera, voice recognition
software
FUNCTION: TRANSMIT
Definition: Move information from one place to another
Example: Broadcast radio, broadcast television via regional transmitters,
cable TV, satellite broadcasts, telephone networks, data transmission
networks for moving business data, fiber optic cable, fax machine, electronic
mail, voice mail, internet
FUNCTION: STORE
Definition: Move information to a specific place for later retrieval
Example: Paper, computer tape, floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk,
CD-ROM, flash memory
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.12
15
IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
Table 1.3
Six Data Processing Functions Performed by Information Technology
FUNCTION: RETRIEVE
Definition: Find the specific information that is currently needed
Example: Paper, computer tape, floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk,
CD-ROM, flash memory
FUNCTION: MANIPULATE
Definition: Create new information from existing information through
summarizing, sorting, rearranging, reformatting, or other types of
calculations
Example: Computer (plus software)
FUNCTION: DISPLAY
Definition: Show information to a person
Example: Laser printer, computer screen
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.13
16
Obstacles when Applying IT in the “Real
World”
• Unrealistic expectations
• Difficulty in building and modifying
systems
• Difficulty in interfacing/integrating systems
• Organizational inertia/change
management
17
It is really hard to predict the future in
IT
• What about Bill Gates, stating that no one
would ever need more than 640KB of
memory on a PC?
• What type of PC do you think you’ll be
using in 5 years?
18
Dell Computer Case
• What role does information technology
play in running Dell’s business?
• Dell has moves toward a “virtual value
chain.” What is this? What are the pros
and cons of this approach?
19
WCA - concept
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.2
20
WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n
Slide 1.2
21