Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: G1072/Reading 1
: 2005
: revisi 0
Pertemuan 12
Making Inferences
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menunjukkan hubungan antara kata
dengan ‘kata ganti’ (making inferences)
2
Outline Materi
•
•
•
•
Literal and Implied Meaning
Learning to Summarize
Recognizing Negative Prefixes
Real-Life Reading: Personal Ads
3
Making Inferences
• Successful second language learners must
inevitably learn to cope with the challenges of
unfamiliar language and missing information.
• Thus, the ability to think critically and logically
are essential characteristics of effective learners.
• Teachers can help students deal with language
challenges by teaching problem-solving
strategies such as inferencing, often referred to
as making educated guesses.
4
Making Inferences
• Making inferences is used to guess the
meaning of unfamiliar language structures
and filling in missing information based on:
• what is known about the topic;
• the content of the text;
• knowledge of language structures;
• knowledge of text structure;
• other context clues (e.g., non-verbal cues,
pictures, etc.).
5
Making Inferences
• Often, the information students need to
solve problems is already available if they
just look at other parts of the task and at
their own resources. Drawing inferences
can help students quickly solve problems
without having to go to another person or
reference material.
6
Making Inferences
• Inferencing, which is most often used
when reading and listening in the target
language, is one of the fastest and most
natural ways of acquiring additional
vocabulary. It is easier to remember
information/words when the learner is the
one actively constructing meaning.
7
Making Inferences
• Through its six years of learning strategies
research, the NCLRC has found that most
students use the strategy of making
inferences. However, usage differs
between more and less effective learners
in that good learners rely on all types of
background knowledge to make
inferences. Less effective learners tend to
rely on context clues such as pictures.
8
Making Inferences
• More effective learners also tend to be
more active in their construction of
meaning. Less effective learners seem to
lack confidence in their own abilities or
knowledge base and frequently give up
without trying to make a guess at the
meaning
9