Klamath Experiment Station
Cool-Season Grass Agroecozone Trial, 1997
R.L. Dovel and J. Rainey'
bstract
A
An eighteen-entry trial was established at
Klamath Experiment Station (KES) in
1994 to evaluate the adaptation and forage
production of 15 species in the Klamath Basin.
The trial was arranged in a randomized completeblock design with four replications. Forages were
allowed to grow uncut through the first growing
season. Three harvests per year were taken when
plants began to flower in 1995, 1996, and 1997.
Forage quality, as determined by crude protein
(CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN),
and relative feed value (RFV), was evaluated
from samples obtained at all harvests. Matua
prairiegrass produced the highest total-season
forage production in 1995, almost 7.5 ton/acre of
dry matter. However, Matua yields declined in
1996 and 1997 because of stand thinning. The
second highest yielding entry in 1995 was Black
Mountain perennial cereal rye, but yields declined
significantly in 1996 and 1997. Palaton, which
was ranked in the lower third of the trial in 1995,
was the highest yielding entry in 1996 and 1997.
Wana orchardgrass failed to survive the winter
and much of the yield produced in 1996 was from
invading Kentucky bluegrass, which is a common
invasive species in irrigated pastures in the
Klamath Basin. Stand thinning was also observed
in Matua and Gala. Protein concentration exceeded 11 percent for all varieties except Black
Mountain, with 9.7 percent at the first cutting.
1DN levels of Matua were significantly higher
than other entries in the trial. TDN levels of all
entries except Black Mountain exceeded 50
percent.
Introduction
Irrigated pastures occupy over 95,000
acres in Klamath County and provide summer
grazing for over 100,000 cattle. The currently
recommended grass variety for irrigated pastures
is Fawn tall fescue, a variety released in 1964.
Quackgrass is also an important hay and pasture
species in the area. Recently developed cultivars
need to be evaluated for adaptation to the Klamath Basin. The acquisition of new germplasm
from international forage breeding programs adds
further emphasis to the development of a foragevariety screening program in the Klamath Basin.
Results from a single trial location would be
applicable only to that location. By establishing
identical trials in different locations and documenting environmental conditions in each location,
extrapolation of the data to other areas may be
possible. Environmental conditions which should
be monitored include soil type and pH, maximum
and minimum daily temperature, precipitation,
slope and aspect, and irrigation. Such a trial,
called an agroecozone trial, was established on
sandy loam soil at the Klamath Experiment
Station (KES) in August, 1994 with a complement of perennial forage grasses representing a
range of forage species. A similar trial was
established at Powell Butte at the Central Oregon
Agricultural Research Center. Only KES data will
be presented in this report.
'/ Associate Professor and Biological Sciences Research Technician DI, respectively, Klamath Experiment
Station, Klamath Falls, OR.
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 131
Klamath Experiment Station
Cool-Season Grass Agroecozone Trial, 1997
Procedures
The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Soil samples were analyzed, and
appropriate fertilizer was applied before
planting. Seed was drilled 1/4-inch deep using
a modified Kincaid plot drill. Tested species
and seeding rates used in the trial are included
in Table 1 . Plots were 5x 20 feet with 3-foot
wide alleyways. Plots were irrigated with
solid-set sprinklers.
Forages were allowed to grow uncut
through the first growing season. Three
harvests per year were taken when plants
began to flower in 1995, 1996, and 1997.
Crops were harvested with a flail harvester.
All yields are reported on a dry-weight basis.
Forage quality, as determined by crude
protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF),
neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible
nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value
(RFV), was evaluated from samples obtained
at all harvests.
Results
1995 Yield
Matua prairiegrass produced the
highest total season forage production, almost
7.5 ton/acre of dry matter, which was significantly higher than all other entries (Table 2).
The second highest yielding entry was Black
Mountain perennial cereal rye, which produced forage mostly in the first cutting and
had forage quality similar to hay produced by
other cereal rye varieties. Other more typical
grasses which produced high total forage
yields included Bromar mountain brome,
Fawn, and Festorina tall fescue, and
132 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
Potomac orchardgrass. Leaves of Festorina are not
as rough as leaves of Fawn and it is reported to be
more palatable than Fawn. Bromar mountain brome
is a short-lived perennial. It is sod-forming and is
used extensively in reclamation work. It would make
a significant contribution to forage yields for shortterm pastures but would eventually be replaced by
stronger perennial grasses.
The greatest early season growth was produced by Black Mountain perennial cereal rye. This
entry produced over 5 ton/acre of dry matter by June
22 (Table 2). The second highest early-season
yielding entry in the trial was Matua prairie grass. It
produced significantly higher yields of forage than all
other entries except for the two tall fescue entries.
Other entries with over 2 ton/acre of dry matter by
June 22 included Fawn tall fescue, Festorina tall
fescue, Potomac orchardgrass, Gala grazing brome,
Bromar mountain brome, and Linn perennial
ryegrass. Wana, a grazing tolerant orchardgrass, did
not produce much early spring growth and only
yielded 1180 lb/acre dry matter by June 22. Palaton
reed canarygrass also produced low levels of forage
in the first cutting compared to its forage production
in the second cutting. Black Mountain had the lowest
forage quality, based on all quality parameters measured, of any entry at the first cutting (Table 3). Gala
grazing brome also had lower quality than most
entries at the first cutting. This variety has been noted
to have lower forage quality than Matua and other
Brome varieties. Forage quality of Linn perennial
ryegrass was also depressed in the first cutting
because of advanced maturity.
Although Black Mountain produced more
dry matter than any other entry at the first cutting,
regrowth was poor. Black Mountain only produced
970 and 730 lb/acre dry matter in the second and
third cuttings, respectively (Table 2). Matua prairie
Klamath Experiment Station
Cool-Season Grass Agroecozone Trial, 1997
grass produced almost 3 tons of dry matter/acre
in the second cutting, significantly higher than all
other entries in the trial (Table 2). Other high
yielding varieties in the second cutting included
Bromar mountain brome, Potomac and Wana
orchardgrass, Palaton reed canarygrass,
Festorina and Fawn tall fescue, and Gala grazing
brome. Second cutting yields of both Wana
orchardgrass and Palaton reed canarygrass were .
significantly (P =0.05) higher than their first
cutting yields. Matua prairie grass produced
significantly higher third cutting forage yields than
all other entries. Other entries producing above
average third cutting forage yields included Fawn
and Festorina tall fescue, Wana and Potomac
orchardgrass, Bromar mountain brome, and Gala
grazing brome.
1996 Yield
Yield trends were not the same in 1996
as 1995. Palaton, which was ranked in the lower
third of the trial in 1995, was the highest yielding
entry in 1996 (Table 4). Yields of Matua, which
were significantly higher than any other entry in
1995, were not significantly different than yields
of Palaton, Potomac, Bromar, Festorina, or
Fawn. Black Mountain did not perenniate well,
and forage production dropped to one-half that
of 1995. In contrast, yields of a number of entries
increased significantly over 1995 yields (Figure
1). Regar meadow brome, Oahe intermediate
wheatgrass, Carlton smooth brome, and Clair
timothy are all species which tend to establish and
reach full production potential rather slowly. The
increase in forage yield in the second harvest year
is due to plants maturing and increasing individual
plant size. Palaton reed canary grass is a rhizomatous species that is known for low seedling vigor;
however, it can be very aggressive once established. Garrison creeping foxtail is also rhizomatous and has low seedling vigor; it showed
increased production in the second harvest year
as well. Yields of Park Kentucky bluegrass were
depressed by severe rust infestation in 1995. Rust
infestation of bluegrass was light in 1996, and
yields of Park more than tripled. Wana
orchardgrass failed to survive the winter, and
much of the yield seen in 1996 is from invading
Kentucky bluegrass, which is a common invasive
species in irrigated pastures in the Klamath Basin.
Stand thinning was also observed in Matua and
Gala and may account for the yield declines seen
in these two varieties.
Time of production may also be an
important consideration in addition to total
production. Oahe produced the highest yield at
the first cutting but very low yields in the second
cutting. Forage yield at the third cutting recovered
to levels near those of the first. Other entries with
relatively high first cutting, low second cutting, and
high third cutting yields include Regar, Carlton,
and Bromar. In contrast, Pal aton tends to produce similar yields at all three cuttings, as does
Matua, the tall fescues, and to a lesser degree the
orchardgrasses.
1997 Yield
The change in relative yield seen in 1996
continued in 1997. Matua, Gala, and Bromar
continued to produce less forage than the previous year. These species are short-lived perennials
and stand thinning is evident in the second and
third years of the trial. Orchardgrass yield declined from 1996 to 1997, probably from stand
thinning. Orchardgrass has not persisted in local
pastures under continuous grazing, but has
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 133
Klamath Experiment Station
Cool-Season Grass Agroecozone Trial, 1997
persisted for 5 or more years under hay management. In contrast, other species which are longerlived, but slower-establishing continued to produce more than in 1995. Most notable is Palaton
reed canarygrass, which was the highest producing entry in both 1996 and 1997. Entries that
increased in forage yield from 1996 to 1997
include Regar meadow brome, Clair timothy, and
both tall fescue varieties. The increase in timothy
forage yield from 1996 to 1997 was almost 1-1/2
ton/acre. Timothy is very small seeded and slow
to establish. Plants expand over time to fill
available space. Highest yields are often seen in
the third year following planting in this species.
Black Mountain perennial cereal rye failed to
persist into 1997. Critana thick spike wheatgrass
stands also declined and were replaced by more
aggressive species such as Kentucky bluegrass,
perennial ryegrass, and tall fescue.
Forage Quality
Protein concentration was generally
higher in 1996 than in 1995. Some entries had
larger increases in protein than others, but protein
concentration exceeded 11 percent for all varieties, except Black Mountain, which was 9.7
percent at the first cutting (Table 5). Total digestible nutrients (TDN) are relatively unchanged
from one year to the next. TDN levels of Clair
increased slightly form 1995 to 1996 and were
significantly higher than other entries in the trial.
TDN levels of all entries except Black Mountain
exceeded 50 percent. Forage quality of Festorina
was always slightly higher than Fawn, but differences were never statistically significant.
Discussion and Conclusions
The species currently recommended for
134 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
seeding long-term irrigated pastures in the Klamath Basin is tall fescue. Data from this trial tends
to support that recommendation. The tall fescue
entries were in the highest yielding group in 1996
and were only exceeded by Matua in 1995. They
produced high forage yields throughout the
growing season and did not exhibit severe heatinduced yield depression. Tall fescue is a longlived species that resists a number of environmental stresses common to the Klamath Basin. The
forage quality of the tall fescue varieties in this trial
was not significantly different from other species
reported to be of higher forage quality, including
orchardgrass and several brome species.
Orchardgrass appears to be another good choice
for a long-term pasture, if appropriate grazing
management is practiced.
Matua and Bromar appear to have good
potential for shorter rotation hay fields and
pastures. Despite the excellent hay yields and
quality of Matua, it is not recommended for longterm pastures because of stand thinning. This
variety has experienced severe stand losses in the
winter, from lack of dormancy and susceptibility
to winter-active fungi. It also will not withstand
continuous grazing or prolonged flooding. Because of high production and high protein content,
nitrogen fertilization requirements are higher for
Matua than other grass species. Planting this
variety for hay production on well-drained soil
should result in a highly productive stand that will
last for three to five years. Commercial stands of
Mania have persisted in the Klamath Basin with
moderate levels of N fertilization for 4 to 5 years.
Bromar is a mountain brome, a short-lived
species that is more winter hardy than Matua.
Long-term data on this species in the Klamath
Basin is not available.
Klamath Experiment Station
Cool-Season Grass Agroecozone Trial, 1997
Several drought-tolerant species included in this trial yielded well. Oahe and Regar
produced about 75 percent as much dry matter
as Fawn and had better forage quality. The largest
yield was in the first cutting. In pastures and hay
meadows that have a seasonal or unreliable
irrigation supply, the use of these varieties could
provide an acceptable forage yield and survive
drought stress in years when they were not
irrigated. Fall regrowth of both Oahe and Regar
stockpiles well and can be a valuable source of
fall grazing following a spring cutting of hay.
Frequently inundated or wet sites may
need species that are more tolerant to flooding
than tall fescue. Appropriate species for such
environments include Palaton reed canarygrass
and Garrison creeping foxtail. The impressive
yields produced by Palaton in the second year of
the trial on well drained soil, indicate that planting
of this species need not be restricted to very wet
sites. High seed costs and low seedling vigor will
probably restrict the use of this species to areas
where flooding tolerance is needed. Palaton has
been selected for low alkaloid content to improve
palatability and animal performance. Only low
alkaloid varieties of reed canarygrass should be
planted for hay or pasture.
These findings are preliminary. The trial
will be continued for at least another year and
changes in stand survival and production may
occur. Further study is required before definite
conclusions are drawn.
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 135
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 1. Seeding rates for species included in the forage agroecozone trial at Klamath Falls, OR.
Species
Bromus willdenowii
B. inermus
B. stamineus
B. riparius
B. marginatus
Dactylis glomerata
Festuca arundinacea
Lolium perenne
Poa pratensis
Alopecuras arundinaceus
Thinopyrum intermedium
Elwnus lanceolatus
Secale cereale
Phalaris arundinacea
Phleum pratense
136 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
Common name
prairie grass
smooth brome
grazing brome
meadow brome
mountain brome
orchardgrass
tall fescue
perennial ryegrass
Kentucky bluegrass
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
thick spike wheatgrass
perennial cereal rye
reed canarygrass
timothy
Seeding Rate
lb/A
Kg/ha
g/m2
35
25
25
35
35
20
25
30
10
5
10
10
60
15
10
39.2
28.0
28.0
39.2
39.2
22.4
28.0
33.6
11.2
5.6
11.2
11.2
67.8
16.8
11.2
392
280
280
392
392
224
280
336
112
56
112
112
678
168
112
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 2. Agroecozone yield summary: forage, protein, and TDN yield of cool-season grasses planted at
KES, Klamath falls, OR, August, 1994, harvested 1995.
Variety
Species'
cut 1
Forage yield
cut 2
cut 3
total
Protein
yield
TDN
yield
lb/A
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
740
3710
4870
3330
4480
830
2440
4840
2450
3550
140
330
1290
210
1210
1710
6490
10990
5980
9240
270
880
1330
830
1170
1010
3670
6260
3490
4880
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
6820
2050
3270
4780
1180
5940
1960
1980
4070
3760
2180
230
840
1200
1350
14940
4250
6090
10050
6280
1590
660
840
1270
880
8250
2540
3590
5830
3510
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
10410
4990
3920
1730
5510
970
2260
2960
3810
3690
730
450
350
410
1480
12110
7700
7220
5940
10680
1290
800
870
880
1370
6540
4330
4300
3450
6210
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
5390
3360
1760
3910
2960
1870
1320
300
390
10630
• 5760
4030
1410
740
540
6110
3810
2260
4020
1550
27
3010
1150
27
800
400
35
7780
2060
19
430
200
33
2270
870
27
Mean
LSD (P = 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Bromus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 137
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 3. Agroecozone quality summary: protein and TDN of cool-season grasses planted at KES,
Klamath Falls, OR, August, 1994, harvested 1995.
Cut 1
protein
TDN
Cut 2
protein
TDN
Cut 3
protein
TDN
Variety
Species'
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
13.4
11.3
10.0
11.7
10.8
59.2
56.5
57.5
58.3
53.6
17.5
16.5
13.3
16.2
14.0
59.1
55.7
55.6
57.8
50.6
17.2
18.1
15.7
19.7
15.9
62.1
63.7
60.6
67.1
56.3
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
9.2
12.0
11.3
11.0
14.2
56.3
57.3
57.4
59.0
60.5
11.1
16.9
16.8
14.0
13.3
52.3
55.4
59.2
55.6
53.0
13.8
18.0
16.5
14.5
15.7
59.9
64.6
64.1
62.1
59.9
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
9.7
8.6
10.8
14.4
11.6
52.6
55.7
61.5
60.7
57.7
17.7
13.2
13.2
14.8
13.9
62.1
56.1
56.1
56.2
57.2
15.0
15.4
15.5
17.4
14.6
63.9
61.7
64.7
65.6
62.6
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
12.0
9.8
11.1
57.1
58.2
54.9
14.5
12.6
15.2
56.5
56.5
56.4
14.4
14.9
15.9
61.8
65.7
60.7
11.3
1.5
9
57.4
1.4
2
14.7
0.6
3
56.2
0.8
1
16.0
1.8
8
62.6
2.8
3
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Bromus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
138 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 4. Agroecozone yield summary: forage, protein, and TDN yield of cool-season grasses planted at
KES, Klamath Falls, OR, August, 1994, harvested 1996
Variety
Class'
cut 1
Forage yield
cut 2
cut 3
total
Protein
yield
TDN
yield
lb/A
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
2550
4230
4450
4780
2040
1250
1770
2400
1460
1520
2990
1910
3450
1870
3730
6790
7910
10300
8110
7290
1150
1040
1360
1170
1220
4480
4090
5400
4390
4120
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
3680
2750
4980
3470
2020
3140
1640
980
2820
2940
4090
2480
1860
4790
3920
10910
6870
7820
11080
8880
1490
1170
920
1670
1520
6260
4710
3830
6270
5450
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
4580
2000
1880
4530
3780
1340
970
1150
3830
2630
0
1980
2820
3830
3300
5920
4950
5850
12190
9710
500
950
1130
1820
1280
2250
3730
4420
6880
5190
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
3840
2820
2240
2680
2750
1350
3380
2300
1520
9900
7870
5110
1310
1280
890
5190
5590
3480
3370
690
14
2030
600
21
2790
1060
27
8190
1420
12
1220
310
18
4760
1170
17
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Bromus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 139
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 5. Agroecozone quality summary: protein and TDN of cool-season grasses planted at KES,
Klamath Falls, OR, August 1994, harvested 1996.
Cut 1
protein
TDN
Cut 2
TDN
protein
Cut 3
protein
TDN
Variety
Species'
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
12.3
12.3
11.7
13.4
14.1
58.0
56.8
56.6
58.3
54.4
16.8
14.5
14.2
16.8
15.7
58.8
53.3
53.9
56.6
52.0
18.5
18.6
17.1
20.2
17.3
65.4
62.1
59.8
65.9
54.9
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
11.2
12.7
11.4
13.2
16.7
55.2
57.2
55.6
58.4
59.0
12.5
15.4
16.8
14.4
14.4
51.3
54.5
57.4
55.4
54.4
16.4
16.4
18.2
17.8
16.5
61.4
59.0
65.3
61.9
57.4
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
9.7
13.8
13.9
14.4
11.8
49.9
56.5
58.7
57.5
56.8
16.4
15.7
15.3
14.2
15.0
59.5
55.9
55.4
53.7
55.0
16.4
16.7
17.7
16.4
62.1
61.9
63.5
63.6
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
13.0
12.7
13.3
58.2
61.9
57.0
15.8
13.9
14.4
56.6
58.0
54.4
16.3
16.7
18.7
63.3
65.7
63.2
12.9
1.1
6
57.0
1.7
2
15.1
1.1
5
55.3
1.8
2
17.4
1.0
1
62.1
1.8
2
Mean
LSD (P = 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
140 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 6. Agroecozone yield summary: forage, protein, and 1llN yield of cool-season grasses planted at
KES, Klamath Falls, OR, August, 1994, harvested 1997.
Variety
Class'
cut 1
Forage yield
cut 3
cut 2
total
Protein
yield
TDN
yield
lb/A
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
4546
6590
6864
7114
3506
1505
1355
1955
1185
1110
1110
670
1845
580
1835
7161
8615
10664
8879
6451
1040
1300
1510
1500
1000
4100
4850
5870
5100
3440
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
5684
5016
6936
5184
2600
2640
1380
820
2580
2836
2404
945
990
1975
2346
10728
7341
8746
9739
7782
1420
1120
1260
1370
1190
5830
4150
4980
5530
4370
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Pal aton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
5840
4180
2770
6970
6000
370
580
3110
2644
555
690
1245
1805
5840
5105
4040
11325
10449
800
610
1710
1520
2970
2370
6450
5770
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
6554
7040
2410
2486
1695
1240
10659
10766
1470
1390
5970
6410
5494
1270
16
1779
510
20
1290
329
18
8086
1645
13
1260
247
24
4840
559
18
Mean
LSD (P = 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Bromus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 141
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 7. Agroecozone quality summary: protein and TDN of cool-season grasses planted at KES, Klamath
Falls, OR, August, 1994, harvested 1997.
Cut 1
TDN
protein
Cut 2
TDN
protein
Cut 3
TDN
protein
Variety
Species'
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
12.4
12.4
12.2
12.8
13.3
55.0
55.6
56.1
53.1
54.3
15.0
15.7
14.7
17.6
17.2
55.6
55.4
54.2
56.3
53.0
16.0
17.3
15.5
20.1
15.9
61.1
58.1
54.8
62.9
52.8
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
12.3
12.6
12.2
13.7
16.5
56.5
53.9
55.7
56.0
58.0
14.1
15.8
15.4
13.8
14.2
52.2
56.0
56.8
54.7
53.2
13.4
17.4
15.5
14.6
15.1
54.3
59.9
58.2
59.6
57.2
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
9.9
13.0
13.7
13.5
13.1
49.5
58.5
58.5
54.9
53.1
16.5
15.5
14.3
15.3
56.4
55.7
55.3
54.6
17.7
16.4
17.6
15.0
59.9
61.9
60.6
58.1
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
11.1
11.9
52.6
56.4
15.2
12.9
56.4
57.3
15.0
14.0
59.1
64.8
12.9
1.5
8
55.5
2.9
3
15.2
1.2
6
55.2
1.9
2
16.0
1.2
5
59
1.8
3
Mean
LSD (P = 0.05)
CV (%)
'BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Broinus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
142 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 8. Agroecozone summary: total forage yield, average forage yield, and average protein and l'llN of
cool-season grasses planted at KES, Klamath Falls, OR, August 1994, 1995-97.
Variety
Species'(
1995
Total yield
1996
1997
average
3-year average
TDN
protein
lb/A
Park
Regar
Bromar
Carlton
Gala
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
1710
6490
10990
5980
9240
6790
7910
10300
8110
7290
7164
8610
10670
8880
6450
5220
7670
10650
7660
7660
15.5
15.2
13.8
16.5
14.9
59.4
57.5
56.6
59.6
53.5
Matua
Garrison
Oahe
Potomac
Wana
BW
CFT
IWG
OG
OG
14940
4250
6090
10050
6280
10910
6870
7820
11080
8880
10740
7340
8740
9740
7784
12200
6150
7550
10290
7650
12.7
15.2
14.9
14.1
15.2
55.5
57.5
58.9
58.1
57.0
Black Mnt
Linn
Madera
Palaton
Fawn
PCR
PRG
PRG
RCG
TF
12110
7700
7220
5940
10680
5920
4950
5850
12190
9710
5840
5100
4030
11320
10440
7960
5920
5700
9820
10280
13.8
14.5
14.5
15.3
14.1
57.9
58.1
59.4
58.7
57.6
Festorina
Clair
Critana
TF
TIM
TSWG
10630
5760
4030
9900
7870
5110
10660
10770
10400
8130
3050
14.2
13.3
14.8
58.0
60.5
57.8
7780
2060
19
8190
1420
12
8090
1650
13
8020
980
14
14.6
4.5
15
57.9
0.8
2
Mean
LSD (1). 0.05)
CV (%)
1
BLG
BMD
BMT
BSM
BST
BW
CFT
IWG
Kentucky bluegrass
meadow brome
mountain brome
smooth brome
Bromus stamineus
Bromus willdenowii
creeping foxtail
intermediate wheatgrass
OG
PCR
PRG
RCG
TF
TIM
TSWG
orchardgrass
perennial cereal rye
perennial ryegrass
reed canarygrass
tall fescue
timothy
thick spike wheatgrass
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 143
Klamath Experiment Station
1995 ■ 1996
E
1997
1 60 0 0
14000
C)
c.)
,c0
12000
10000
8000
CI
LU
›-
6000
4000
2000
0
(2
03
LL
ca
*r_-
O
O
tri
LL.
LL
co
C,
O
a)
O
Cc
eo
0
O
ra
ca
o_
VARIETY
Figure 1. 1995-1997 Total Forage Yield. Total 1995-1997 forage yield of selected cool-season grasses
planted at Klamath Experiment Station in August, 1994.
144 Klamath Experiment Station 1997