Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: MPG09344-010 / Leadership and Organisation
: 2005
: versi/revisi 0
Pertemuan 18
Charismatic and Transformational
Leadership
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Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter students should be able to:
• Understand how theories of charismatic and Transformational
leadership differ from earlier leadership theories.
• Understand similarities and differences among the major theories of
charismatic and transformational leadership.
• Understand why attributions of charisma are jointly determined by
the leader, the followers, and the situation.
• Understand what traits, behaviors, and influence processes are
involved in charismatic and transformational leadership.
• Understand why charismatic leadership can result in undesirable
consequences for followers and the organisation.
• Understand what research methods have been used to evaluate
theories of transformational and charismatic leadership.
• Understand the major findings in empirical research on the effects of
charismatic and transformational leadership.
• Understand what leaders can do to become more transformational.
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Outline Materi
• Two early theories
– Charisma
– Transforming Leadership
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Attribution Theory of Charismatic Leadership
Self-Concept Theory of Charismatic Leadership
Other Conceptions of Charisma
Consequences of Charismatic Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Research on the Theories
Transformational versus Charismatic Leadership
Evaluation of the Theories
Guidelines for Transformational Leadership
Summary
Review and Discussion Questions
Cases
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Charismatic and Transformational
Leadership
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• Transactional Leadership involves an
exchange process that may result in
follower compliance with leader request
but is not likely to generate enthusiasm
and commitment to task objectives
• Leader Behaviors
• Influence Processes
• Facilitating Conditions
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Research on the theories
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Survey research
Laboratory experiments
Field experiment
Descriptive and comparative studies
Intensive case studies
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Transformational Versus Charismatic leadership
• Transformational has been broadly defined
to include almost any type of effective
leadership, regardless of the underlying
influence process.
• Emphasis on charisma and personal
identification
• Transformational leaders probably do
more things that will empower followers
and them less dependent on the leader
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• Charismatic leaders probably do more
things that foster an image of
extraordinary competence, such as
impression management, information
restriction, unconventional behavior, and
personal risk taking
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• Evaluation of the theories
• Guidelines for Transformational Leadership
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Articulate a clear and appealing vision
Explain how the vision can be attained
Act confidently and optimistically
Express confidence in followers
Use dramatic, symbolic actions to emphasize key
values
– Lead by example
– Empower people to achieve the vision
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Closing
• Summary
– Attributions of charisma are the result of
an interactive process between leader,
followers and the situation.
– Charismatic leaders can have a
tremendous influence on an
organization, but the consequences are
not always beneficial.
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• Transformational Leaders make followers
more aware of importance and value of
the work and induce followers to transcend
self-interest for the sake of the
organization.
• Emotional processes are as important as
rational processes, and symbolic actions
are as instrumental behavior.
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• Review and Discussion Questions
• Cases
– Metro Bank
– Astro Airlines: Part 1
– Astro Airlines: Part 2
• Companion Website : Exercises and
Reading
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