Matakuliah
Tahun
: G0362/Sociolingustics
: 2007
Language Maintenance and Shift
Pertemuan 3
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menyebutkan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan
pergeseran bahasa
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Outline Materi
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Language shifts
Language death
Language Loss
Factors influencing language shifts
Speed of shifts
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Language Shift
• A language shift happens when a community uses less
and less of its own vernacular and adopts a new
language in many domains.
• When the process is completed, and there is no more -anywhere in the world--native speakers of the minority
language, then it is said that language death has taken
place.
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Language Loss
• A native speaker of a language will undergo language
loss when he/she can use his/her language in more and
more limited domains. His/her ability to speak the
language gradually decreases.
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Factors contributing to Lang. Shift
• Social, economic and political:
– The new Language is more appealing because it can
give them power (better jobs, entry into more
prestigious social circles, access to business, etc.)
• No reasons to maintain own language
– There is no domains to use it
– Nobody understands or speaks it
– No reading materials written in it
– No radio/TV programs
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Speed of Shift
• How fast would a shift happen?
– Social and economic factors:
• Young people tend to shift the fastest
• Success comes with the new language
– Demographic factors:
• People in rural areas shift less than those in big
cities.
• Intermarriage promotes language shift
• Value of the language (sacred, for
religious/traditional ceremonies) slower the shift
• Etc. (see notes on language maintenance later)
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