Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
Components
• Hardware
ƒ Computer equipment used to perform input,
processing, and output activities
• Software
ƒ Computer programs that govern the
operation of the computer
1
• Database
ƒ Organized collection of facts and
information
1
Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
Components
• Telecommunications
1
ƒ Electronic transmission of signals for
communications, and enables
organizations to link computer systems
into effective networks
ƒ Networks
ƒ Used to connect computers and
computer equipment
2
Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
Components
• Internet
ƒ The world’s largest telecommunications
network
• Intranet
ƒ A network that uses Internet technology
within an organization
1
3
Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
Components
• People
ƒ The most important elements in most
CBIS
• Procedures
ƒ Strategies, policies, methods, and rules
for using CBIS
1
4
Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS) (Figure 1.8)
1
5
Business Information Systems
• Transaction
ƒ Any business related exchange.
• Transaction processing system
1
ƒ An organized collection of people,
procedures, software, databases, and
devices used to record completed
business transactions.
6
Transaction Processing
System (Figure 1.9)
1
7
E-Commerce
• E-Commerce
ƒ Any business transaction executed
electronically between parties involving
the exchange of goods and/or services
for an equitable consideration.
1
8
E-Commerce
(Figure 1.10)
1
9
Management Information
System
• Management Information System
ƒ Organized set of people, procedures,
databases, and devices used to provide
routine information to managers and
decision makers.
1
10
Management Information
System (Figure 1.11)
1
11
Decision Support Systems
• Decision Support Systems
ƒ A set of people, procedures, databases,
and devices used to support problemspecific decision making.
1
12
Decision Support Systems
(Figure 1.12)
1
13
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
Expert Systems
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
ƒ A field that involves computer systems
taking on the characteristics of human
intelligence
• Expert Systems (ES)
1
ƒ Give the computer the ability to make
suggestions and act like an expert in a
particular field
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Artificial Intelligence (AI)
(Figure 1.13)
1
15
Systems Development
• Systems Development
ƒ The activity of creating or modifying
existing business systems.
Investigation
Analysis
Design
1
Implementation
Review
16
Systems Development
• Systems Investigation
ƒ Gains a clear understanding of the
problem to be solved or opportunity to
be addressed.
• Systems Analysis
1
ƒ Defines the problems and opportunities
of the existing system.
17
Systems Development
• Systems Design
ƒ Determines how the new system will work to
meet the business needs defined during
systems analysis.
• Systems Implementation
1
ƒ Creating or acquiring the various system
components defined in the design step,
assembling them, and putting the new system
into operation.
18
Systems Development
• System Maintenance and Review
ƒ Checks and modifies the system so that
it continues to meet changing business
needs.
1
19
Literacy
• Computer Literacy
ƒ A knowledge of computer systems and
equipment and the ways they function.
• Information Systems Literacy
1
ƒ A knowledge of how data and
information are used by individuals,
groups, and organizations.
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Information Systems in the
Functional Areas of Business
z
Functional Areas and Information Systems
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
1
Financial information systems
Accounting information systems
Marketing information systems
Manufacturing information systems
Human resources management information
systems
ƒ Legal information systems
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Information Systems in
Industry
1
„
Airline industry
„
Publishing companies
„
Investment firms
„
Health care
organizations
„
Banks and savings and
loan companies
„
Retail companies
„
Power management &
utility companies
„
Transportation
industry
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