Office of Basic Energy Sciences
Office of Science
U.S. Department of Energy
Basic Energy Sciences
Scientific User Facilities
Dr. Pedro A. Montano
Director, Scientific User Facilities Division
Basic Energy Sciences
Office of Science
U.S. Department of Energy
9 January 2008
BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future
http://www.sc.doe.gov/bes/
The Office of Science FY 2006-2008
4,500
Dollars in Millions
4,000
*
3,500
3,000
2,500
$4,102
2,000
$4,055
$3,632
1,500
1,000
500
0
FY 2006
Approp.
FY 2007
FY 2008
2
“Basic Research Needs” Workshops
ƒ Basic Research Needs to Assure a Secure Energy Future
BESAC Workshop, October 21-25, 2002
The foundation workshop that set the model for the focused workshops that follow.
ƒ Basic Research Needs for the Hydrogen Economy
BES Workshop, May 13-15, 2003
ƒ Nanoscience Research for Energy Needs
BES and the National Nanotechnology Initiative, March 16-18, 2004
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Solar Energy Utilization
BES Workshop, April 18-21, 2005
ƒ Advanced Computational Materials Science: Application to Fusion
and Generation IV Fission Reactors
BES, ASCR, FES, and NE Workshop, March 31-April 2, 2004
ƒ The Path to Sustainable Nuclear Energy: Basic and Applied Research
Opportunities for Advanced Fuel Cycles
BES, NP, and ASCR Workshop, September 2005
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Superconductivity
BES Workshop, May 8-10, 2006
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Solid-state Lighting
BES Workshop, May 22-24, 2006
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
BES Workshop, July 31-August 3, 2006
ƒ Basic Research Needs for the Clean and Efficient Combustion of 21st
Century Transportation Fuels
BES Workshop, October 30-November 1, 2006
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Geosciences: Facilitating 21st Century Energy
Systems
BES Workshop, February 21-23, 2007
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Electrical Energy Storage
BES Workshop, April 2-5, 2007
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Materials under Extreme Environments
BES Workshop, June 10-14, 2007
ƒ Basic Research Needs for Catalysis for Energy
BES Workshop, August 5-10, 2007
3
SUFD Operation Budget
Facilities Operational Budget
$M
FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008
459.384 621.879 652.869
4
Operation Budget for all Facilities
Operational Budget
500
400
300
200
100
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
FY
5
BES Facilities for X-ray Scattering
Advanced Photon Source
National Synchrotron Light Source
Advanced Light Source
7,000
NUMBERS OF USERS
The long-established metric for light
APS
source
operation – i.e., the ratio of
6,000
delivered to scheduled annual hours of
5,000
operation of the accelerator complex –
ALS
4,000
generally
ranges from 0.95 to 1.00.
However, this ratio gives little information
3,000
SSRL
about the overall well being of the facility.
2,000 the past year and a half, BES has
Over
developed alternate ways of measuring how
NSLS
1,000
effectively the light sources are utilized.
Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Laboratory
0
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
FISCAL YEAR
6
9,000
8,500
8,000
7,500
7,000
6,500
6,000
Other (US, Foreign)
Foreign
Other Government Labs
Other DOE Laboratories
Laboratory On Site
Industry
University
5,500
5,000
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
-
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Fiscal Year
100%
Percent of Users
Number of Users
For the 4 BES Light Sources, the Majority of Users Continue to be from Academia
Notably, the fraction of industrial users has declined
significantly over the past 15 years, reflecting the
trend of industry to move away from fundamental
research.
80%
60%
40%
The fraction of users from the host institutions has
grown, reflecting a new commitment on the part of
the host institutions to these user facilities.
20%
0%
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
Fiscal Year
2002
2004
2006
7
8
World-wide Capacity of All Light Sources in Operation Today
World-wide capacity of all sources in operation today. In this figure, the size of the symbols has been scaled to the total capacity, i.e.
sum of insertion device ports and bending magnet ports, for each facility. From the plot one can see that each region (U.S., Europe, Asia
& Pacific Rim) has very comparable capacity at the present.
9
Foreign 2009
International Benchmarking: 3rd Generation Synchrotrons Worldwide
900
800
600
500
300
200
U.S. Present
400
Foreign Present
700
100
0
Total Number of Beam Ports
Considering only beam ports on the 3rd generation sources, this shows that by 2009 the U.S. will be outnumbered by the rest
of the world by 7:1 (123 beam ports in the U.S. versus 806 beam ports in the rest of the world).
10
Scientific User Facilities
ƒ
Under construction at the time of the evaluation
– Spallation Neutron Source
– 5 Nanoscale Science Research Centers
– SSRL (SPEAR3) upgrade
ƒ
Facilities underway since the evaluation
– Transmission Electron Aberration Corrected Microscope
– Linac Coherent Light Source
– National Synchrotron Light Source - II
ƒ
Facilities rated longer-term priority at the time of the
evaluation
– Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade (CD-0 signed)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------– Spallation Neutron Source 2nd target station
– Advanced Light Source upgrade
– Advanced Photon Source upgrade
ƒ
BESAC evaluation February 2003
Report released late 2003
What’s next in our planning?
– Workshop on frontiers in electron-beam microcharacerization
– BESAC study on light sources
Available at
http://www.science.doe.gov/Sub/Facilities_for_future/facilities_future.htm
11
BES Goals Align with Those of the ACI
Balance key portfolio components that together create a uniquely DOE
program:
ƒ Fundamental research
¾
in support of a decades-to-century energy security plan and
¾
in support of discovery science that enables the mission; this also
includes the support of a critical mass of principal investigators –
“the great discovery machine”
ƒ Forefront scientific user facilities for the Nation
Aim for world leadership in all activities that are supported
12
LCLS at SLAC – The World’s First X-ray FEL
Linac
Injector
e-Beam
Transport
Far
Experiment
Hall (underground)
Undulator
Near Experiment Hall
13
X-ray Science at SLAC
1034
LCLS
TESLA XFEL
operational 2010
LCLS
Peak Brightness
1032
8 keV, ~100 fs, 1012
photons/pulse
1030
VUV-FEL
Linac Coherent Light
Source, SLAC, Stanford
1028
VUV-FEL
1026
SPPS (80 fs pulses)
operational now
40 eV, ~30 fs, 1013
photons
(500 eV in 2007)
1024
APS undulator
1022
DESY, Hamburg
ALS undulator
X-rays
1020
SPPS
Thompson
source
1018
10-2
100
102
Energy (keV)
APS - Advanced Photon Source (ANL)
ALS - Advanced Light Source (LBNL)
2004-2006 operation
8 keV, 80 fs, 107
photons
Sub-picosecond Photon
Source, SLAC, Stanford
14
Rendering of NSLS - II
NSLS-II is a highly optimized x-ray synchrotron project delivering:
extremely high brightness and flux; exceptional beam stability; and
a suite of advanced instruments, optics, and detectors that capitalize on these special capabilities.
About one fourth of the highest brightness beamlines will be instrumented as part of the project.
15