The following supplement accompanies the article Mitogenome analysis reveals a complex phylogeographic relationship within the wild tiger population of Thailand Waradee Buddhakosai, Worata Klinsawat, Olutolani Smith, Manakorn Sukmak, Nongnid Kaolim, Somphot Duangchantrasiri, Achara Simcharoen, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Worawidh Wajjwalku* *Corresponding author: [email protected] Endangered Species Research 30: 125–131 (2016) Supplementary Files: Table S1 The full details of the primers used in this study. Table S2 The list of reference sequences used in this study. Table S3 The components of the WEFCOM and Ti2 (P. t. jacksoni) mitochondrial genome. Table S4 The variable sites between WEFCOM and Ti2. Fig. S1 Sites of sample collection Fig. S2 The alignment of the control region of the WEFCOM and Malayan tigers reported in this study with previous reports. These sequences contain different lengths of the control region resulting in different sizes of the complete mitochondrial genome. The different lengths of the control region are a result of the variable number of tandem repeats in the repetitive sequence box 3 (RS-3). HVS = hypervariable site, RS = repetitive sequence, CCR = central conserved region, CSB = conserved sequence box. Fig. S3 The mitogenome map of the tiger (P. tigris) including F2 numt (red curve). Fragment 9 of this study contained two distinct sequences; 9.1 (blue line) and 9.2 (blue dashed line), where the numt sequence was found (red box). The grey curve indicates the region containing two highly distinct sequences when compared with other reported complete mitogenomes. Fig. S4 The alignment of confounding sequences near the 5’ end of F2 numt (red arrow). The sequences of the WEFCOM tiger (fragment numbers 8, 9.1, 9.2 and 10) were aligned to HM569215 P27 of Zhang et al. (2011), JF357971 CORBETTI1 of Kitpipit et al. (2012), cymt DQ151550 and F2 numt (DQ151551) reported by Kim et al. (2006). The sequences resembling F2 numt are labeled in red. Two distinct sequences contaminated with numt were found in fragment 9. The start point of the ambiguous sequences is at the last domain of the COX1 gene. The alignment shows that the amplicon 9.1 was initially similar to numt and could not be aligned with the adjacent fragment (red dashed boxes). There is a turning point at the middle of COX2 (red arrow head) where the amplicon 9.2 which was initially identical to cymt turned to the numt sequence and amplicon 9.1 turned to the cymt sequence. After the end of F2 numt at the ATP6 gene, the 9.1 and 9.2 amplicons remain different (labeled cyan). 1 Table S1. The full details of the primers used in this study. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9.1 9.2 10 11 12 13 Size of PCR product Primer names Primer sequences (5’-3’) Gene wTG3021F Dloopre TGDL1F wTG4940R wTG4753F wTG6290R TG6031F TG7276R H2513 wTG8870R wTG8191F wTG9920R TG9711F TG11294R wTG11001F wTG12044R mtDNA6H mtDNA6L CTTATCCATCTTAATCTTAGCCAC CCTGAAGAAAGAACCAGATGC GATTTAGAGCAGTTCTTTCATGGAT TATATTTAAGCTACATTAACCAAGGC AGACTAAACCCGTATCTAGGCAC TTCATCCTGTAATAGATTGTTTATCGG CTTGAGCTAGAGCTAGCCCAACTA GGGTAACTTGTTCCGTTGATCACGC GCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCAC ACGGTTGATATAATGATGGTGAGG GAATACATCTGGCTCATCATCGCT GCTCTTGGTCTAGTTTGACCCT TAGCCATAACAGCACTACTTAACGTA CCCAAAGCCCATAGTATAGCGCGA CCAGAAGTCTATATCTTAATCCTG AATGTATGATCATGGAAGTGTGAA GCTCATTTATTTCACTAACAGCAGT GGGCTACAGCAAATTCAAGGAT CR 951 Ta 58 Ref. CR 1,137 58 CR - 12S rRNA 1,563 60 16S rRNA 1,271 60 16S rRNA - ND1 2,027 56 ND1 - ND2 1,729 60 ND2 - COX1 1,618 60 COX1 - COX2 1,049 60 COX2 - ATP6 1,856 58 TG6H TG6L mtDNA7H mtDNA7L mtDNA8H mtDNA8L mtDNA9H wTG1680R TND6-1 wTG3170R ACAACTAATCTCGAATGACTTGAC TCCTCCGATTAGGTGTATTAATTAA TTGGCTCACTTTCTACCTCAAGG GTGGGGATGATGATTTTTAGCATTGTA CCAAAACAAATGATTTCGACTCA GGTTCCTAAGACCAATGGATTACTTCT AAACCATCATTCACACGAGAAAAC GGTGCGGGTGATTGAGTGGTC CTATCCTTCCATAATCACCCTG GCCGATGGCAATAAAGGGGTGT COX2 - ATP6 1,667 58 ATP6 – ND4L 1,890 60 ND4L – ND4 1,889 60 ND4- ND6 2,270 58 ND5 – CYT B 1,693 58 This study (Ward et al. 1999) This study This study This study This study This study This study (Kitano et al. 2007) This study This study This study This study This study This study This study (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) This study This study (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) (Delisle & Strobeck 2002) This study This study This study 2 Table S2. The list of reference sequences used in this study. Accession No. Species/subspecies Haplotye/ individual NC_010638 EF551002 DQ257669 KF297576 DQ151550 DQ151551 HM589214 HM589215 JF357967 P. uncia P. pardus N. nebulosa P. t. altaica P. tigris P. tigris P. t. amoyensis P. t. amoyensis P. t . tigris F2 nuclear copy P25 P27 TIGRIS1 JF357968 P. t. tigris TIGRIS2 16,976 JF357969 P. t. sumatrae SUMATRA1 16,998 JF357970 P. t. sumatrae SUMATRA2 17,001 JF357971 P. t . corbetti CORBETTI1 16,602 JF357972 P. t. corbetti CORBETTI2 14,174 JF357973 P. t. altaica ALTAICA4 16,980 JF357974 P. t. altaica ALTAICA1 17,015 AY736559– AY736808 All subspecies of extant Panthera tigris P. tigris ALT, AMO1-3, COR18, SUM1-8, TIG1-6 NHM P. t. sondaica, P. t. balica SON, BAL JN786601- JN786684 KJ686500-KJ686533 Length (bp) 16,773 16,964 16,884 16,996 12,912 12,559 16,957 17,001 16,637 250 - 593 199 - 482 67 - 223 Reference Wei et al. 2010 Wei et al. 2011 Wu et al. 2007 Sun et al. 2014 Kim et al. 2006 Kim et al. 2006 Zhang et al. 2011 Zhang et al. 2011 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Kitpipit et al. 2012 Luo et al. 2004 Mondol et al. 2013 Xue et al. 2015 3 Table S3. The components of the WEFCOM and Ti2 (P. t. jacksoni) tiger mitochondrial genome. Position Gene Phe tRNA12S rRNA tRNA-Val 16S rRNA tRNA-Leu ND1 tRNA-Ile tRNA-Gln tRNA-Met ND2 tRNA-Trp tRNA-Ala tNRA-Asn tNRA-Cys tNRA-Tyr COX1 tRNA-Ser tRNA-Asp COX2 tRNA-Lys ATP8 ATP6 COX3 tRNA-Gly ND3 tRNA-Arg ND4L ND4 tRNA-His tRNA-Ser tNRA-Leu WEFCOM ORF Ti2 (P. t. jacksoni) start stop start stop 1 72 1,032 1,100 2,675 2,752 3,708 3,774 3,848 3,917 4,959 5,042 5,112 5,218 5,283 5,351 6,893 6,968 7,037 7,724 7,793 7,954 8,634 9,418 9,487 9,834 9,903 10,193 11,571 11,640 11,699 71 1,031 1,099 2,674 2,749 3,707 3,776 3,847 3,916 4,958 5,026 5,110 5,184 5,282 5,349 6,895 6,961 7,036 7,720 7,791 7,996 8,634 9,417 9,486 9,833 9,902 10,199 11,570 11,638 11,698 11,768 1 72 1,032 1,100 2,675 2,752 3,708 3,774 3,848 3,917 4,959 5,042 5,112 5,217 5,282 5,350 6,892 6,967 7,036 7,723 7,792 7,953 8,633 9,417 9,486 9,833 9,902 10,192 11,570 11,639 11,698 71 1,031 1,099 2,674 2,749 3,707 3,776 3,847 3,916 4,958 5,026 5,110 5,184 5,281 5,348 6,894 6,960 7,035 7,719 7,790 7,995 8,633 9,416 9,485 9,832 9,901 10,198 11,569 11,637 11,697 11,767 start ND5 ND6 tRNA-Glu CYT B tNRA-Thr tRNA-Pro CR WEFCOM start stop 11,769 13,573 14,101 14,173 15,313 15,383 15,450 13,589 14,100 14,169 15,312 15,382 15,449 16,954 Ti2 (P. t. jacksoni) start stop 11,768 13,572 14,100 14,172 15,312 15,382 15,449 13,588 14,099 14,168 15,311 15,381 15,448 17,008 stop ATG TAA ATC TAA ATG TAA ATG TAA ATG ATG ATG TAA TAA TAA ATA TAA ATG ATG TAA TAA Position Gene Strand ORF start H H H H H H H L H H H L L L L H L H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Strand stop ATA ATG TAA TAA ATG AGA H L L H H L H 4 Table S4. The variable sites between the WEFCOM and Malayan (Ti2) haplotype. The variations between HVS-I of CR to first base of tRNA-Phe were excluded. The new mutation sites comparing to previous reports (Luo et al. 2004, Driscoll et al. 2009, Zhang et al. 2011, Kitppipit et al. 2012, Mondol et al. 2013, Sun et al. 2014, Xue et al. 2015) are indicated by the red marks. The red box indicates the position that was excluded from phylogenetic analysis as it may contain additional numt. Gene 12S 16S ND2 COI COII COX III ATP6 9 3 7 6 9 1 4 4 1 0 0 0 9 9 5 3 8 1 0 4 0 3 ND4 1 1 0 0 5 9 4 7 9 2 1 1 1 1 4 8 1 3 4 7 C T C T A G G A T C T C A G T C A G T C C T T C T C G A C T A G C T - - - - - - - G/A - - A/G A - - - C - A/G G C/T C - - - - - - - - - - A/G A - G - - - C - G G C/T T - - A C T C C G G C C G/A T G T C C C G T/C G/A C C G C T C C G G C C G/A T G/A T C C C G T/C G/A C C G C T C C G G C C A T A T C C C G C A C Position on WEFCOM sequence 2 4 0 8 0 6 1 3 3 3 1 4 8 0 2 3 4 3 3 9 2 8 4 8 2 5 5 6 0 2 6 0 9 7 7 0 4 9 7 3 1 7 8 2 7 7 8 3 2 6 8 3 7 0 8 4 1 2 8 5 1 1 Position on Felis catus (NC_001700) 1 1 0 4 1 6 7 1 2 1 9 8 2 3 4 5 3 2 0 7 4 7 9 2 5 6 8 9 6 4 6 7 6 9 6 2 7 9 1 4 8 1 8 2 9 1 4 2 9 1 9 1 9 2 3 5 9 2 7 7 WEFCOM Ti2 (P.t.jacksoni) Luo et al. 2004 (AY736559-808) Driscoll et al. 2009 Mondol et al. 2013 (JN786601 –84) Xue et al. 2015 Zhang et al. 2011 (HM589214-15) Kitpipit et al. 2012 (JF357967-74) Sun et al. 2014 (KF297576) C T T C C T G A C T T C C T G A T C C T C T G A T C C T - T/C - - - - - T - - C - - - - - - - - - - - T - - - - - T/C C/T C G/A T C/T T G C T C T/C C/T C G T T T G C T C T C A T T T G C T ND3 ND5 1 1 2 2 3 7 0 8 8 3 1 1 3 3 1 6 7 4 3 8 ND6 1 3 8 4 6 1 4 7 1 1 Q 1 4 1 3 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 4 4 0 0 1 5 2 6 5 1 4 4 6 3 1 5 3 2 8 1 4 6 9 4 1 5 5 5 9 Cytb 1 4 7 3 7 1 5 6 0 2 1 4 8 9 1 1 5 7 5 6 1 5 1 7 1 1 6 0 3 6 CR 1 5 5 3 4 1 6 4 0 0 5 Fig. S1. Sites of sample collection. 6 Fig. S2. The alignment of the control region of the WEFCOM and Malayan tigers reported in this study with previous reports. These sequences contain different lengths of the control region resulting in different sizes of the complete mitochondrial genome. The different lengths of control region are a result of the variable number of tandem repeats in the repetitive sequence box 3 (RS-3). HVS = hypervariable site, RS = repetitive sequence, CCR = central conserved region, CSB = conserved sequence box. WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 GAAAAAATCCTCAATCCCCGTTAATACAGAACACACAACACGAAAT-AACCTGTTAACTACCGGACCCCCCCCCCTCCCCCCGTTAATACATTACGTAGG CG AG 198 ..............................................-...........................-......................... 197 CORBETTI1 ..............................................-...........................-......................... 197 ALTAICA4 ..............................................-...........................-............C............ 197 ALTAICA1 ..............................................-...........................-......................... 197 SUMATRA1 ..............................................-...........................-......................... 197 SUMATRA2 ..............................................-...........................-......................... 197 TIGRIS1 ..............................................-..........T................-.........-.............A. 195 TIGRIS2 ..............................................-..........T................-.........-.............A. 195 amoyensis P27 ..............................................-.......C............................................. 198 amoyensis P25 ..............................................-..................................................... 198 P.tigris ..............................................-........................................C............ 198 F2 Numt .TG............T...A.-..C...-...G.....TGTA...CC.....A...G.....AATA...G.....-----------------------A. 175 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt GCATACTATGGATATCGTGCATTAATCGCCTGTCCCCATGAATATTAAGCATGTACAGTAGTTTATATATATTACATAAGGCATACTATGGATATCGTGC 298 ..........T............G..................................................................T......... 297 ..........T......G........................................A...............................T......G.. 297 ..........T......G........................................................................T......G.. 297 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 297 ..........T......G.........T..............................................................T......G.. 297 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 297 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 295 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 295 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 298 ..........T...............................................................................T......... 298 . A.........T.......................................................................... .....T......... 298 ..T...... ..CCR 275 A.........T..............CT..T..........C................A......................A.........T......... RS-2 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 ATTAATCGCTTGTCCCCATGAATATTAAGCATGTACAGTAGTTCATATATATTACATAAGACATAATAGTGCT TAATCGTGCATATTCATGATTTAGAGC T 398 .................................................................................................... 397 CORBETTI1 ...........................................T....................................................A... 397 ALTAICA4 ................................................................................................A.A. 397 ALTAICA1 .................................................................................................... 397 SUMATRA1 ...........................................T........................................................ 397 SUMATRA2 ...........................................T........................................................ 397 TIGRIS1 ...........................................T........................................................ 395 TIGRIS2 ...........................................T........................................................ 395 amoyensis P27 ...........................................T........................................................ 398 amoyensis P25 .............................................................................................C...... 398 P.tigris ..................................................................................................A. 398 F2 Numt ......T....................................T........................................G.C......C..T.A. 375 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 AGTTCTTTCATGGATCTCAACTATCCGAAAGAGCTTAATCACCTGGCCTCGAGAAACCAACAACCCTTGCTCGAGCGTGTACCTCTT -CTCGCTCCGGGC 497 ....................................................................................... -............ 496 CORBETTI1 ..................................................A.................................... -............ 496 ALTAICA4 ..........................C............................................................T............ 497 ALTAICA1 ....................................................................................... -............ 496 SUMATRA1 ......................G...A............................................................ -............ 496 SUMATRA2 ......................G................................................................ -............ 496 TIGRIS1 ....................................................................................... -............ 494 TIGRIS2 ....................................................................................... -............ 494 amoyensis P27 ......................G................................................................ -............ 497 amoyensis P25 ........T.............................................................................. -............ 497 P.tigris ....................................................................................... -............ 497 F2 Numt ...C..C.-.....C.......G....................................G..........CT............. ..-...........G 473 CCAATACCAAAAAACAACCCCATGACTTTCATAATTCATATATTGCATATACCCGTACTGTGCTTGCCCAGTATGTCCTCATCC -CCACAAAAAATAAGT .................................................................................... -T.............. T................................................................................... -............... .................................................................................... -............... ....C............................................................................... -............... .................................................................................... -............... .................................................................................... -............... .................................................................................... -.........-..... .................................................................................... -.........-..... .................................................................................... -............... T................................................................................... -............... .................................................................................... -............... ..................................................................................TTT..........AGCAA ..TTT.... ....AGCAA HVS-1 RS-2 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 99 99 99 100 7 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CCATTTCAACGTGGGGGTGTCTATAGTGA-AACTATATCTGGCATCTGGTTCTTACTTCAGGGTCATGACATTCTTAAATCCAATCCTTCAACTTTCTCA .............................-...................................................................... CORBETTI1 .........................AC..-...................................................................... ALTAICA4 .....................C.......-.......C.............................................................. ALTAICA1 .............................-.......C.............................................................. SUMATRA1 .............................-.-.................................................................... SUMATRA2 .............................-...................................................................... TIGRIS1 .............................-...------------------------------------------------------------------TIGRIS2 .............................-...................................................................... amoyensis P27 .............................-.......C.............................................................. amoyensis P25 .............................-.......C.............................................................. P.tigris .............................-.......C.............................................................. F2 Numt .........................AC.GG..............................N..G.................................... 596 595 595 596 595 594 595 526 593 596 596 596 573 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt AATA-GGACATCTCGATGGGTTAATGACTAATCAGCCCATGATCACACATAACTGTGGTGTCATGCATTTGGTATTTTTAATTTTTAGGGGGTCGAACTT ....-................................................................................. .............. ....-............................................................................................... ....-......................................................................... ...................... ....-............................................................................................... ....-................................................................. .............................. ....-............................................................................................... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------....-............................................................................................... ....-............................................................................................... ....-............................................................................................... ....-............................................................................................... ....A...N.......A................-.................................................................. 695 694 694 695 694 693 694 526 692 695 695 695 672 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 GCTATGACTCAGCTATGACCTAAAGGTCCTGACTCAGTCAAATATAATGTAGCTGGACTTATTCTCTATGCGGGGGTTCCACACGTACAACAAACAAGGT .............................C...................................................................... CORBETTI1 .............................C...................................................................... ALTAICA4 .............................C................................................................ ...... ALTAICA1 .............................C...................................................................... SUMATRA1 .............................C..........................G........................................... SUMATRA2 .............................C..........................G........................................... TIGRIS1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIGRIS2 .............................C...................................................................... amoyensis P27 .............................C...................................................................... amoyensis P25 .............................C...................................................................... .. .. P.tigris .............................C...................................................................... ........ ......... F2 Numt ....................C....................................................... C....................... CCR RS-3 795 7 94 794 795 794 793 794 526 792 795 795 795 772 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt GTTATTCAGTCAATGGTCACAGGACATATACTTAAATTCCTATTGTTCCACAGGACACGGCATGCGCGCACCCACGTATACGCGTACACGTATACACGTA TTCAGTCAATGGTCACAGGACATATA AC GT ......................... .............................................................................................G...... ......................... ....................................................................................Y............... ......................... .................................................................................................... ..............G.......... ..................G.........................................................................C....... ..............G.......... ..................G.........................................................................C....... ..............G.......... ..................G.........................................................................C....... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G....C...TA........C....... ......................... .................................................................................................... ......................... ............................................................................................C....... ......................... .................................................................................................... ......................... .................................................................................................... ......................... .............................................C...................................A.......... -------- 895 894 894 895 894 893 894 553 892 895 895 895 864 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt TACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTATAC----------------ACGTACACACGTACACACGTATACACGTATACACGTACAC------ACG ................................C..ACGTATACACGTATAC.....................C.......C.......T..ACGTAT... ................T.......T.......C..--------ACGTATAC.....T..................................------... C...............................C..--------ACGTATAC.....T.......T.......................T..------... C..................R.......R....C..GTGTA--CACGTACAC.....................C.......C..R.......GTGTAC... C..................................ACGTATACGCGTACAC--...................C.......C.......T..ACGTAT... C...............................C..ACGTACACACGTACAC.....T...............C.......C.... ......ACGTAT..A C................................------A--CACGTACAC.....................C.......C.......Y..------... C...............................C------A--CACGTATAC.....T...............C.......C..........------... C.......................T..........GCGTAC--ACGTACAC.....................C...............T..GCGTAC... C.......--------------------------------TACACGTACAC.....................C.......C.....-------------C...............................C..--------ACGTATAC.....T...............C.......C.......T..------... --------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- 973 994 980 981 992 991 994 639 978 993 949 981 864 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt TACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTATACACGTACACACGTA--------------CACACGTACACACGTACACACGTATACGCGTACAC--GTACACCGT.......................C...............--------------........................C..A....T..AC...T..G ..........T...............C...............--------------T.......T.......T..G....C..--......AC........T.......T.......T...............----------------------T.......................C..A.......AC...T............................C...............CACACGTACACGTGT.......................C..A.......AC...... CGT.......................C.......T.......--------------...........................A....T..GC...--.CGT.T..ACGT.T.............C...............--------------........................C..A....T..AC...T....T.......................C...............--------------........T.......T.......C..A.......AC................T...............C...............--------------................T..........A....Y..AC................................C...............--------------T.......................C..A.......AC................................C...............--------------........T.......T..........A.......AC........T.......T.......T...............T.......--------------T.......T...............C..A.......AC...T..---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1056 1080 1063 1058 1091 1074 1079 724 1063 1078 1034 1066 864 CSB I WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 8 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 WEFCOM Ti2 JF357971 JF357973 JF357974 JF357969 JF357970 JF357967 JF357968 HM589215 HM589214 DQ151550 DQ151551 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt -----ACGTACACACGTACACACGTATACGCGTACAC--GTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTACA CGTAC.....................C..A.......AC............................................................. -----.....................C..------..--............................................................. -----.....T.......T..................--............................................................. -----.....................C..A.......AC...........................................................T. -----.....................C..A.......AC............................................. ................ -----G.......--...........C..A.......AC............................................................. -----................G........N...Y..--...................................................T.......T. -----........................A....T..--.CGT...............................................T.......T. -----.............T..................--............................................................. -----.....T.......T..................--............................................................. -----.....T..G.......GTAC.C...TAC....--............................................................. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt CACGTACACACGTACACACGTACACACGTA------------------------TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTATACACATGCAAACTTTTTTGAT AT T ......................T.......TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ..............................CACACGTACACACGTATACACGTA.............................G.AT.C.. --------..............................TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ......T.......T.......T.......TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ..............T.......T.......TACGCGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ..............T.......T.......TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ......T.......................CACACGTACACACGTATACACGTA.....................A.GC --------............. ......T.......T...............CACACGTACACACGTATACACGTA.......................CG --------............. ..............................CACACGTACACACGTATACACGTA................................ .............. ......................T.......TACACGTATACACGTATACACGTA.............................................. ..............................CACACGTACACACGTACACACGTA......................... ..................... ---------------------------------------------------------------- .................................... 1225 1280 1241 1251 1286 1269 1272 909 1248 1271 1227 1259 900 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt TTAGTAAATAATTAGCTTAACCAAACCCCCCTTACCCCCC-GTTAATCTTATTTATTATAGTACGTGTTTATTTCTGTCTTGCCAAACCCCAAAAACAAG CAAACCCCCCTTACCCCCC GCCAAACCCCAAAAACA .................. ................. ........................................-....................................C...................... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................ ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................ ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. ................. ........................................-........................................................... ................. .......A........ ..........T.........A...................C.....C...........C.A.......C....................A.......... 1324 1379 1241 1350 1385 1368 1371 1008 1347 1370 1326 1358 1000 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt ACTAAACCCGTATCTAGGCACAAGGCCTAAGA-TTAACGTTTACAAACTCTACCAACCCCATCATTACCAATTATTAATACTAAATCATAACTTCGTTCG ................................-................................................................... --------------------------------------..A....C-----------------------------------------------------................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-................................................................... ................................-.................................................................T. ........-.....C.A..GT...........A..........T.....T...........C..............G.................T..... 1423 1478 1249 1449 1484 1467 1470 1107 1446 1469 1425 1457 1099 CORBETTI1 ALTAICA4 ALTAICA1 SUMATRA1 SUMATRA2 TIGRIS1 TIGRIS2 amoyensis P27 amoyensis P25 P.tigris F2 Numt CAGTTATCTATAGATACGACAACCCGATCTCTAATTCGTCCCTATCGAACAATATTTACATACCCAACAACCCTATGTCTTG .................................................................................. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------.................................................................................. .................................................................................. ............................................................C..................... ............................................................C..................... .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .............................................................................C.... ..................T...............C.........................C.........T.....A..... HVS-2 RS-3 CSB II CSB III 1149 1180 1150 1151 1186 1169 1172 817 1156 1171 1127 1159 864 1505 1560 1249 1531 1566 1549 1552 1189 1528 1551 1507 1539 1181 9 Fig. S3. The mitogenome map of the tiger (P. t. tigris) including F2 numt (red curve). Fragment 9 of this study contained two distinct sequences; 9.1 (blue line) and 9.2 (blue dashed line), where the numt sequence was found (red box). The grey curve indicates the region containing two highly distinct sequences when compared with other reported complete mitogenomes. The green curve indicates the sequence range used to construct the phylogenetic tree in Figure 2. 10 Fig. S4. The alignment of confounding sequences near the 5’ end of F2 numt (red arrow). The sequences of the WEFCOM tiger (fragment numbers 8, 9.1, 9.2 and 10) were aligned to HM569215 P27 of Zhang et al. (2011), JF357971 CORBETTI1 of Kitpipit et al. (2012, cymt DQ151550 and F2 numt (DQ151551) reported by Kim et al. (2006). The sequences resembling F2 numt are labeled in red. Two distinct sequences contaminated with numt were found in fragment 9. The start point of the ambiguous sequences is at the last domain of the COX1 gene. The alignment shows that the amplicon 9.1 was initially similar to numt and could not be aligned with the adjacent fragment (red dashed boxes). There is a turning point at the middle of COX2 (red arrow head) where the amplicon 9.2 which was initially identical to cymt turned to the numt sequence and amplicon 9.1 turned to the cymt sequence. After the end of F2 numt at the ATP6 gene, the 9.1 and 9.2 amplicons remain different (labeled cyan). COX1 HM589215 P27 ATG-TTCATAAACCGCTGAGTATTTTCAACCAATCACAAGGATATTGTAACTCTTTACCTTTTATTTGGCGCCTGGGCTGGTATGGTGGGGACTGCCCTCAGTCTCCTAATTCGAGCCGAACTGGGTCA ACCTGGCACACTACTAGGAGA JF357971 CORBETTI1 ...-...............C...........................G.....................T...............................................T................................ DQ151550 ...G.......-.......C....C......................G.....C..............................A.................................................... ............. DQ151551 F2 Numt TATG...............C...................A...T...G...C.........C................C........A........T....... ..T....C..........................G........G.. HM589215 P27 TGACCAAATTTATAATGTGGTAGTTACTGCCCATGCCTTTGTGATAATCTTTT TTATAGTAATGCCTATTATAATTGGAGGGTTCGGAAACTGGCTAGTTCCGTTAATAATCGGGGCCCCCGATATGGCATTCCCTCGAATGAATAACAT JF357971 CORBETTI1 ..................A..............................................................A...................... ..........A................................... DQ151550 .................NA..............................................................A...................... ..........A................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt C.................A..C..C..C..............A... .....C....................G........A...........AT.G.....A........T..A...........A....................T.. HM589215 P27 AAGCTTCTGACTCCTTCCCCCATCCTTCCTACTTCTGCTCGCATCGTCTATGGTAGAAGCTGGGGCAGGAACTGGGTGGACAGTATACCCACCCCTAGCTGGCA ACCTAGCCCATGCAGGAGCATCCGTGGATCTAACTATTTTTTCACT JF357971 CORBETTI1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151550 ...................................................................................................................................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt G....................G..T.........T..........A...........G.....A.....G.....A.................T.....C.... .......T.................A.................... HM589215 P27 ACACCTAGCAGGCGTCTCCTCAATCTTAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACTATTATTAATATAAAACCGCCCGCTATGTCCCAATACCAAACACCCCTATTTG TTTGATCGGTTCTAATTACTGCTGTGTTGCTACTTCTATCACTGCC JF357971 CORBETTI1 ...................................................................................................G.................................................. DQ151550 ...................................................................................................G.... .............................................. DQ151551 F2 Numt ............G.N...............N.................C....................C..T.....A........T................ .C.........T....C........A.................A.. HM589215 P27 AGTTTTAGCAGCAGGCATCACCATGCTACTGACAGATCGAAATCTAAATACCACATTTTTTGATCCT-GCTGGGGGAGGAGACCCCATCTTA----TATCAACACCTATTCTGATTCTTCGGTCACCCAGAAGTCTATATCTTAATCCTG JF357971 CORBETTI1 ................................................................... -..C.....................----...................................................... DQ151550 ................................................................... -..C.....................----...................................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt .....................T..A....................G..C..............C..CC..C..A.....G..T..T......CTTA....................T....................C.. T.....TT.A HM589215 P27 CCCGGGTTTGGAATAATTTCACATATTGTCACCTACTACTCAGGCAAAAAAGAACCTTTTGGCTACATGGGGATAGTCTGAGCCATAATGTCAATTGGCTTTCT GGGCTTTATCGTATGGGCCCATCACATGTTTACTGTAGGGATAGAT JF357971 CORBETTI1 .............................................................. ........................................................................................ DQ151550 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151551 F2 Numt ............................CT..............T..........................A.....T.....T.....A.............. ...............A....................G......... WEFCOM 8 ---------------------................................................................................................................................. HM589215 P27 GTGGATACACGAGCATACTTTACGTCAGCTACTATAATTATCGCTATTCCTACTGGGGTAAAAGTATTTAGCTGATTGGCCACTCTTCACGGGGGTAATATTAA ATGGTCTCCCGCTATACTATGGGCTTTGGGATTCATTTTCCTATTC JF357971 CORBETTI1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151550 ...................................................................................................................................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt .....C.................A.................T........C........................C.............T..A........C.. ......C..T.....G.....A...C................C... WEFCOM 8 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. HM589215 P27 ACCGTAGGGGGCTTAACAGGAATTGTATTAGCAAACTCCTCATTGGATATTGTCCTTCACGACACATACTACGTAGTAGCCCACTTCCACTACGTCTTGTCAATAGGAGCAGTATTTGCTATCATAGGGGGCTTCGTTCACTGATTCCCC JF357971 CORBETTI1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151550 ...........................C............................................................................ ..................T........................... DQ151551 F2 Numt ........A..................C.......T........A........T......................................T...................................A........C..T......... WEFCOM 8 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. 11 HM589215 P27 TTATTCTCAGGGTATACTCTTGATAATACTTGGGCAAAAGTTCATTTTACGATCATGTTCGTAGGTGTCAATATAACGTTTTTCCCTCAGCATTTCCTAGGCCT GTCTGGGATGCCTCGACGTTATTCTGACTATCCAGACGCGTATACA JF357971 CORBETTI1 ................................................................................................................................................... ... DQ151550 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151551 F2 Numt C...................C..................A.............T.........................................T........ ...C..A............G..........C........A...... WEFCOM 8 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. START HM589215 P27 ACTTGAAACGCAATCTCCTCAATAGGCTCTTTTATTTCACTAACAGCAGTAATATTAA TAGTCTTTATAATGTGAGAAGCTTTCGCATCAAAGCGAGAAGTAGCCACAGTGGAACTAACCACAACTAATCTCGAATGACTTCACGGATGT JF357971 CORBETTI1 .........A...........................................................G................................... ............................................. DQ151550 ............................................................................................................................. ......................... DQ151551 F2 Numt .........A.......................................... C..C......T...... G.............T.................G....T........................T.....G..G..T...... WEFCOM 8 .........A...........................................................G....................................................... ......................... WEFCOM 9.1 --------------------------------------------------------------- ......G.............T.................G....T........................T.....G..G..T...... tRNA-Ser tRNA-Asp HM589215 P27 CCTCCTCCGTATCACACATTTGAAGAGCCAGCCTACGTGCTGTTAAAATAAGAAAGGAAGGAATCGAACCTCCTTAGACTGGTTTCAAGCCAATACCATAACCA CTATGTCTTTCTCAATTAAGAAGTATTAGTAAAATAATTACATAAC JF357971 CORBETTI1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. DQ151550 ...................................................................................................................................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt ..C.....A.....................A....T.......G.......................................C.......G............T...............C.... .............C........... WEFCOM 8 ............................................................................................................................. ......................... WEFCOM 9.1 ..C.....A.....................A....T.......G.......................................C.......G............T...............C...... ...........C........... WEFCOM 9.2 --------------...................................................................... .................................................................. COX2 HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 8 WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 TTTGTCAAAGTTAAATTATAGGTTTAAGCCCTATGTGCTT-CCATGGCATACCCCTTCCAACTAGGTTTTCAAGATGCTACATCCCCCATTATAGAAGAGCTTTCACACTT -CCATGATCATACATTAATAATTGTATTCCTAATTAGCT ........................................-...............................................................T...... -...................................... ........................................-......................................................................-...................................... ........G.............C.............A...T....................T............................C...........CCT......T.........C... C.........-.............. ........................................-..............C................................................ ---------------------------------------------........G.............C.............A...-.................................................C...........CCT......-.........C...C........................ ........................................-..............C................................................T...... -...................................... HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 CCCTAGTCCTCTACATTATCTCATTAATACTGACAACTAAACTTACGCATACAAGCACAATAGATGCCCAAGAAGTAGAAACTATCTGAACCATTTTACCAGCC ATCATCTTAATTCTCATTGCCCTGCCTTCCTTACGAATTCTCTATA ............................................... ................................G...................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. ......................... ..........T..T..C......C.......A.....C.....C.....C...........G....................C..T.................T..................... ..A..C................... ..........T..T..C......C.......A.....C.....C.....C...........G....................C....................T.......................A..C.......... ......... ............................................................................................... ....................................................... TURNING POINT HM589215 P27 TAATAGATGAGATTAATAATCCCTCCCTCACTGTAAAGACTATAGGACATCAGTGATACTGAAGTTATGAGTACACCGACTATGAGGACCTAAGCTTCGACTCC TATATAATTCCCACTCAAGAGCTAAAGCCCGGAGAACTCCGACTAT JF357971 CORBETTI1 ..........................................................................................................C.....C............ T.............G.........C DQ151550 .................................................................................. .................................................................... DQ151551 F2 Numt .......C.C........GC...C.T..T...........C..G........A..G..T.....C.....A.....T........A...........T ...........................T.............G.........C WEFCOM 9.1 .......C.C........GC...C.T..T...........C..G........A..G..T.....C.....A.....T........A...........T.......................... .......................... WEFCOM 9.2 ..........................................................................................................C.....C............ T.............G.........C HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 TAGAAGTTGATAACCGAGTAGTACTACCAATAGAAGTGACCATTCGCGTGTTAATCTCATCAGAAGACGTACTACACTCAT GAGCCGTCCCATCCCTGGGCCTAAAAACTGATGCTATTCCAGGCCGACTAAACCAAACAACCCTAATGG ......................GT.G..............T......A.....G..........G........G.....G......A.........................C.....C...... .......................A. ............................................................................................................................. ......................... ......................GT.G..............T......A.....G..........G........G .....G......A.........................C.....C.............................A. ........................................................................................................ .............................................. ......................GT.G..............T......A.....G..........G........G.....G......A.........................C.....C...... .......................A. HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 GTACACGACCTGGACTGTATTATGGTCGGTGCTCAGAGATCTGCGGCTCAAACCACAGTTTTATGCCCATTGTTCTTGAACTAGTCCCATTATCATATTTTGAA AAATGATCTGCGTCTATACTGTAAATTCATTAAGAAGCTAAACTAG .C.....G.....G..A..........A.........A..............T......... ...........C..............GC.G........C..............A............T....C............T... ........................................................................................................ .............................................. .C.....G.....G..A..........A.........A..............T....................C..............GC.G........C..............A .....G......T....C............T... ........................................................................................................ .............................................. .C.....G.....G..A..........A.........A..............T......... ...........C..............GC.G........C..............A............T....C............T... tRNA-Lys 12 ATP8 HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 CGTTAACCTTTTAAGTTAAAAACTGGGAGTTTAAACCTCCCCTTAATGACATGCCACAGTTAGATACATCAACCTGATTCATCACTATTATTTCAATAATTATA ACACTATTTATTATATTTCAACTAAAAA-TCTCAAAACACCTGTAT ...............................C.............G..................C...........G..T..T.................C..G.....G..CG........... .......-..........T.....C ............................................................................................................................. .......-................. ...............................C.......T.....G............AC...................T... ........A...........C.....GC.C.............C.....A.T........TTCA... ........................................................................................................ ............................-................. ...............................C.............G..................C...........G..T..T.................C..G.....G..CG........... .......-..........T.....C HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 DQ151550 DQ151551 F2 Numt WEFCOM 8 WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 CCATCAAGCCCGGAACCCAAATCTACAGCTGCACTAAAACAGCCTAACCCTGGAGAAAAAAAATGAACGAAAATCTATTCACCTCTTTCACTACCCCAACAATAATAGGATTGCCTGTTGTCGTATTAATTATTATGTTCCCCAGCATTC TCTTTCACTACCCCAACAATAATAGGATTGCCTGTTGTCGTATTAATTATTATGTTCCCCAGCATTC ...........A.....................T..........G.GT..CT.............................. ......T.....................C..........T..G.....CG.................. ...........A.....................T..........G.GT..CT...........C................G.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------....G..AT..A.....T......G..TTAA.G..G.....A.....T..CT.....G.....C................G.. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.................................................................. ...................................................T.......... ........................................................................................ ...........A.....................T..........G.GT..CT.............................. ......T.....................C..........T..G.....CG............. .....T.....................C..........T..G.....CG.................. ..... Numt ATP6 5’end HM589215 P27 TAGTCCCCTCACCTAACCGACTAATTAATAACCGTTTAGTCTCACTTCGACAGTGATTAGTACAACTAACATCAAAACAAATACTAGCCATTCACAATCACAAA GGACAAACTTGGGCCCTAATACTCATATCTCTCATTTTATTTATTG JF357971 CORBETTI1 ..T.T.....G.......................CC..........C.A... A...C..........T....T...G........GATT.CC......T.............C..............T..G................... WEFCOM 9.1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. WEFCOM 9.2 ..T.T.....G.......................CC..........C.A...A..............T....T...G........GATT.CC......T..... ........C..............T..G................... HM589215 P27 GATCAACAAACCTGTTAGGTCTACTGCCTCACTCATTTACTCCAACTACCCAATTATCAATAAACTTAGGAATAGCTATTCCCCTATGAGCCGGTACCGTAATCACCGGGTTTCGCCACAAAACTAAAGCGTCCCTGGCCCACTTTCTAC JF357971 CORBETTI1 .G........T...C..........A.......................................C....C.....C..C...T.G........C......... ..T..A..C..T..............A................... WEFCOM 9.1 ........................................................................................................ .............................................. WEFCOM 9.2 .G........T...C..........A.......................................C....C.....C..C...T.G........C...........T..A..C..T..............A...T............... HM589215 P27 JF357971 CORBETTI1 WEFCOM 9.1 WEFCOM 9.2 WEFCOM 10 CACAAGGAACAGCAATCCCCCTGATCCCTATGCTTGTAATTATTGAAACCATTAGCCTTTTTATCCAGCCCGTGGCTCTGGCCGTACGACTTACAGC CACAAGGAACAGCAATCCCCCTGATCCCTATGCTTGTAATTATTGAAACCATTAGCCTTTTTATCCAGCCCGTGGCTCTGGCCGTACGACTTACAGCTAACATT ACTGCAGGCCACCTATTCATACACTTACTTGGAGGAGCTGCTCTGG ...........C..G.....T.A...........C........C.....T..C....................A..C..A...........C.... ...........C..G.....T.A...........C........C.....T..C....................A..C..A...........C........T... ...........TT....A......C..A.C............T.A. ................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................................... -...........C..G.....T.A.....C.....C........C.....T..C....................A..C..A...........C... -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.....C........C.....T..C....................A..C..A...........C...... -----------------------------.....C........C.....T..C....................A..C..A...........C........T..............TT....A......C..A.C............T.A. COX3 HM589215 P27 CCCTAACAAACATCAGTACCTCTATTGCTTTAATCACCTTTATTATCCTCATCCTACTGACAATCCTTGAATTTGCTGTGGCTCTAATCCAAGCCTACGTCTTT ACCCTACTTGTAAGCCTGTATCTACATGACGATACTTAATGACCCA JF357971 CORBETTI1 ..........T..T...G..C...C.........T........C................... .T........C.....A.................T..T..............G.........T.......TA............... WEFCOM 9.1 ........................................---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---WEFCOM 10 ..........T..T...G..C...C.........T........C....................T........C.....A.................T..T... ...........G.........T.......TA............... 13
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz