CCRs Rolling In
Gallons for a Graveyard
A Few Snags Evident, But Most Doing It Right
Many community water systems around the state have
completed the preparation and distribution of their first
Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs). For those that have
not yet done it, this is a reminder that the reports are due by
October 19 this year (and by July 1 in ensuing years). To be
in compliance with the rule, systems must complete distribution of the reports to their customers in addition to sending a
copy of the report and a completed certification form to the
Minnesota Department of Health (MDH).
This being the first year for the reports, it was anticipated
that there would be some misunderstanding on exactly what
was required—with regard to both content and distribution—
and that has been the case. Most systems have fulfilled all
the requirements correctly, although some have made a
mistake in one or more areas. Except in the case of gross
errors, MDH will not be taking action against these systems
this year. However, for those who have not yet completed
their reports (and, for future reference, for all systems), please
note: All community water systems must complete and
distribute a report. This includes systems that buy their
water from other community systems.
The individual reports distributed to the systems by MDH
contain the minimum amount of information required in the
report. At the very least, systems will have to insert a phone
number of a contact person in the report. Systems can (and
are encouraged to do so) include additional information about
their water systems in the report and may reformat the
information provided into a new report. However, systems
must include all of the information from the report provided
by MDH; in other words, they can add to it, but they can’t
subtract.
For compliance purposes, both a copy of the report and
the signed certification form (which was provided along with
the report from MDH) must be submitted.
All systems must be sure to have additional copies of the
report available to any of their customers who request them.
In addition, MDH is planning on posting all reports it receives
on its web site.
Fall 1999
Volume Seven/2
Inside:
Do cadavers crave water? One thing’s for sure—these
occupants won’t be receiving a Consumer Confidence Report
this year; however, cemeteries still need water for various
purposes. On page 4 is a profile on Minneapolis’s premier haven
of the dead and how its demand for water is satisfied.
Upcoming Certification Exam Dates
September 15, Lake Benton
September 22, Waconia
October 6, Bemidji
October 13, Hoyt Lakes
October 19, Brooklyn Center
October 27, Collegeville
October 28, Wells
October 29, Albert Lea
December 2, Crookston
See calendar on back page
for more information
Chaska Begins Chlorination
Understanding Your Test Results
Training News
Certification and Lead/Copper Updates
Training News
Fall Schools
PWS Profiles
The Northwest District School will be held at the Northland
Inn in Crookston from Tuesday, November 30 to Thursday,
December 2. Registration is $70 ($85 after November 19 or
at the door). A block of guest rooms is being held at a
reduced rate until November 15; call the Northland Inn at
218-281-5210 and mention American Water Works
Association or Minnesota Department of Health to get the
special room rate. The school will feature an operator
breakfast on Wednesday morning, followed by a product
exposition, with hands-on training conducted at the Crookston
Water Plant in the afternoon. Other educational workshops
during the school include sessions on safety, well design and
construction, and a panel discussion on communicating with
the public. A registration form for the school is on page 7.
A number of one-day schools are also being held around
the state this fall. See the calendar on the back page for a
complete listing of training opportunities.
Jeanette Boothe and Noel Hansen
The Minnesota Department of Health has two new people
who will become familiar at water schools, providing
support for training and certification.
Jeanette Boothe came to the Drinking Water Protection
Section after an array of previous employment experiences
that include selling Tupperware, delivering magazines doorto-door, and performing all the duties that go with being a
wife and mom. She’s from South Minneapolis and still lives
there with her husband of 24 years, Rory, daughter, Sara
(21), sons, Jason (18) and Brian (16), and cat, Sheba. Jeanette
enjoys reading, watching movies, doing crafts, going for walks,
and traveling. She has been to many of the lower 48 states
and is planning a vacation to Australia with Rory in the fall of
2000.
Noel Hansen was with the Minnesota Department of
Health for four years before coming to Drinking Water
Protection. Noel was born in St. Paul but grew up in
Minneapolis and graduated from Roosevelt High School.
He’s single and comes from a small family that includes his
dad, his brother, and a dog. Noel (who also answers to
“Noeleo”) enjoys being outdoors as well as reading, playing
softball, and spending time with his girlfriend, Colleen.
He recently returned from two weeks in Yellowstone
National Park.
Satellite Teleconference November 9
This fall’s American Water Works Association (AWWA)
Satellite Teleconference, The New Disinfection ByProduct and Surface Water Treatment Rules:
Operational Issues and Treatment Strategies will take place
on Tuesday, November 9 from 11:00 to 2:30 (with
registration beginning at 10:30.) The downlink locations will
be the Earle Brown Center in St. Paul and the Northwest
Technical College in East Grand Forks.
The teleconference will cover the impacts of the
Microbial/Disinfection By-Products regulations on utilities with
specific focus on enhanced coagulation, filtration, on-line
turbidity meters, and other techniques and principles that will
help utilities monitor and comply with the rule cluster. It is
designed for distribution system and water treatment plant
operators, water quality managers, supervisors and engineers,
inspectors, water utility general managers, and governmental
regulatory and enforcement personnel.
Registration will be $60 by November 1 and $80 after
November 1 or at the door. All AWWA members will
receive registration information in the mail. In addition, there
is a registration form on page 7.
2000 Metro School Set for Thunderbird Hotel, April 5-7
The next Metro District School is scheduled for Wednesday, April 5 through Friday, April 7, 2000 at the Thunderbird Hotel
in Bloomington.
A registration form will be in the Winter 1999-2000 Waterline with a complete agenda in the Spring 2000 Waterline.
The Minnesota Department
of Health congratulates Kurtis
Krie of the City of Red Wing for
passing his Class D exam with
a perfect score of 100.
Way to go, Kurt!
Waterline
Published quarterly by the Drinking Water Protection Section
of the Minnesota Department of Health
Editor: Stew Thornley
Waterline staff: Dick Clark, Marilyn Krause, Doug Mandy
To request this document in another format, call 651/215-0700;
TDD 651/215-0707 or toll-free through the Minnesota Relay Service,
1/800/627-3529 (ask for 651/215-0700).
2
Chaska Chlorinates
Contract Operators Wanted
Being one of the last municipal water system in the Twin
Cities metropolitan area to not be practicing disinfection, the
city of Chaska finally decided it was time to make the move
and begin chlorinating its supply. Prompted by concerns over
upcoming regulations and a greater contamination threat brought
on by the expansion of the city, Chaska moved forward with
plans to start the chlorination program in the spring of 1999.
Dean Hylland had just come on board as the city’s water/
sewer supervisor and took part in some of the preparatory
efforts. Hylland explained that the city felt a bit of concern
with getting the chlorine to react properly with the water and
even greater anxiety regarding the reaction of the approximately
15,000 Chaska residents.
As it turned out, neither proved to be a significant problem.
Hylland says that from the beginning they were obtaining the
chlorine residuals that they desired, even at the far ends of the
city’s distribution system. Discoloration of the water, another
potential result of the chemical reaction as well as a factor in
the public’s reaction, was not a major issue, either. That may
be in part to the preparations the city performed in two areas:
one was the flushing of the distribution system in the fall of
1998 and again the following spring; the other was a public
awareness campaign that was conducted prior to the
beginning of the chlorination in April.
In addition to contacting the local newspaper, the water
system sent out a brochure with the water bills to its
customers. The brochure alerted the customers to a possible
change in taste as well as possible short-term discoloration due
to iron and manganese deposits being dislodged by the
chlorine. It also let the customers know the reasons behind the
chlorination. “While Chaska has been successful in
maintaining a clean and safe water system to date,” the
brochure reads, “the addition of chlorine to the water supply
will provide a primary barrier to any potential microbiological
contaminant regardless of origin.” The information provided
to residents included tips on how to deal with the taste and/or
smell of the water taken directly from the tap. The water
utility also established a special telephone line reserved for
questions related to the chlorination.
Hylland says the utility received few calls and credits the
awareness campaign with that result. Some residents did
indicate that they wished the city would have left the water as
it was, but most seemed to accept the change in treatment.
One person called a few weeks after the chlorination began to
ask when the city was going to start adding the chlorine.
The greatest benefit has been in terms of safety, says Hylland,
who maintains that the addition of chlorine to the water supply
has given the city great peace of mind in terms of feeling
protected against a contamination incident.
The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH)
certification office is developing a contact list of certified
water operators to distribute to small water systems that
request assistance.
Most small communities employ a non-certified person
to perform routine tasks, but they need a certified operator
to help them meet the MDH monitoring and reporting
requirements. The certified operator contracts with the
community to provide moderately priced, part-time
operator support. The contract operator is responsible for
overseeing the system and ensuring that the system
provides safe drinking water to consumers.
Operators interested in having their name and phone
number placed on the contract operator contact list, or in
need of further contractor information, may call Cindy Cook
at 651/215-0751.
Administrative Penalty Orders were issued to the
communities listed below for failure to maintain at least
one person who is certified in a class equal to or higher
than the class of the water system.
Felton, PWS 1140012
Odessa, PWS 1060007
Ormsby, PWS 1830005
Trosky, PWS 1590008
Woodstock, PWS 1590009
Small Systems’s Triennial
Lead/Copper Due
Small community public water systems (serving a
population of 3,300 or fewer) that have had no exceedances
of either lead or copper during their initial and two s
ubsequent annual reduced rounds of monitoring are now in
the midst of their first round of triennial monitoring.
The period for the triennial monitoring began last June
and will end September 30. All of the affected systems
were sent a letter last May with details of the monitoring
schedule. There was a delay in the shipment of some of
the sample bottles, which may have prevented some
systems from submitting their samples within the schedule
established for them; however, this did not result in a
violation since the official monitoring deadline is not until
September 30.
Most of the systems should have completed their
triennial monitoring by this time. Any systems in need of
additional bottles, advice, or information should contact Pat
McKasy at 651/215-0759.
1999 Is “The Year of Safe Drinking Water”
th
In recognition of the 25 anniversary of the enactment of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, the United States Senate
has designated 1999 as The Year of Safe Drinking Water, passing a resolution that says, in part, “Whereas clean and safe
drinking water is essential to every American; Whereas behind every drop of clean water are the combined efforts of
thousands of water plant operators, engineers, scientists, public and environtmental advocacy groups, legislators, and
regulatory officials; and Whereas over 180,000 individual water systems in the United States serve over 250,000,000
Americans: Be it resolved that the Senate designates the year of 1999 as ‘The Year of Safe Drinking Water.’”
3
Dying for a Drink?
The Search for Water at Lakewood Cemetery Has a History as Rich as Its Occupants
The city of Minneapolis has
approximately 364,000 residents; however,
this number does not include the
permanent residents of a notable
necropolis tucked between Lakes Calhoun
and Harriet. Covering approximately 250
acres, Lakewood Cemetery is the
interment site of 130,000 people. A stroll
through its scenic grounds reveals a who’s
who of civic pioneers with familiar names
such as Pillsbury, Washburn, and Lowry adorning the oftenostentatious grave markers and expansive mausoleums.
Although it’s debatable as to whether these people are in
continuing need of water, it is clear that the grounds require a
plentiful supply to keep the peaceful green of the grass and
the shade of the trees. This was true even when the
cemetery covered barely half its current territory and held a
far smaller population.
As far back as the 1880s, when the cemetery was 10 years
old, the search for water was on. It was believed that an
artesian well was on the property, prompting the cemetery
association to spend nearly $12,000 to drill 2,150 feet into the
ground (still the record for the deepest water well in Hennepin
County). Unfortunately, at the time this well was sunk, deep
well pumps for insertion in the casing were not yet available,
leaving no means for bringing the water to the surface.
However, Bruce Olsen, head of MDH’s Source Water
Protection Unit, said the drilling of the deep well at Lakewood
Cemetery yielded another valuable resource—information
about geologic formations in the Twin Cities that Olsen claims
“is as useful today as it was then.” Calling the well a “major
geological testhole for its time,” Olsen adds, “It is indicative
of the bedrock formations in the metro area. It opens up all
the rock formations that yield water in the metro area.”
Drilled in the middle of the geologic structure known as the
Twin Cities Basin, the 2,150-foot-deep well first encounters
bedrock in St. Peter sandstone at a depth of 256 feet and then
hits the Prairie duChien-Jordan aquifer at 318 feet. Below
that is the Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer and then the
Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer, which ends at 1,123 feet,
although the drilling continued for another 1,000 feet into nonaquifer material. The drills reached basalt at a depth of 2,135
feet and penetrated 15 more feet into it.
Olsen says the well encounters “a real mix of water.
Water from the Prairie duChien-Jordan aquifer is decades old
[from the time of infiltration]. Water from the Mount SimonHinckley is tens of thousands of years old.”
Lakewood next looked to a neighbor with a plentiful
source—Lake Calhoun—and began pumping water from the
lake into a tower it built near the southeast corner of the
cemetery. The site of the tower was on the highest spot of
Hennepin County, making it an easy matter to feed the grounds
by gravity. The tower was eventually dismantled and the hill
itself reduced in height as a means of providing fill for other
spots in the cemetery. This area is still undeveloped, and
visitors can easily spot the site, flanked by Sections 55, 60,
and 59 (see map on next page).
In 1913, protests developed over the
amount of water the cemetery was
drawing from Lake Calhoun, reported to
be in excess of 300,000 gallons a day.
Minneapolis Park Board commissioners
claimed that the cemetery’s actions
threatened to lower water levels in
the city’s lakes and rob “Minnehaha Falls
of a goodly portion of its water
supply.”
Thereafter, Lakewood supplied its water needs from within
its boundaries. Toward that end, it created its own eight-acre
lake from a swamp that had occupied 15 acres between two
sections of the cemetery. The operation involved draining the
swamp water into Lake Harriet while dredging 177,000 cubic
yards of sand and gravel from Lake Calhoun to fill seven
acres of the swamp. The cemetery donated a section of land
to the Park Board in exchange for the permission to use the
adjacent lakes for draining and dredging.
The lake became the cemetery’s main source of water as
it flowed by gravity through a 24-inch diameter conduit to a
wet well located in a pump house at the north end of Section
44, close to the site of the 2,150-foot-deep well. A centrifugal
pump then sent the water to the 9,000-gallon hilltop tower,
traveling approximately one-third of a mile through six- and
eight-inch diameter cast-iron mains with various distribution
taps along the way. In addition to serving as a storage facility
for periods of high demand, the hilltop tower also maintained
pressure in the mains for low-demand needs such as hose
and vase watering.
The lake supply was supplemented in 1936 by a 500 gallon
per minute (gpm) well pump in the basement of the
administration building that discharged water directly into a
3,000-gallon open surge tank, also located in the basement of
the building. A 300-gpm booster pump subsequently pumped
water from the surge tank to the hilltop tower to satisfy the
tower’s needs during periods of low demand.
The 1949 study also recommended that a 8-inch water main
be constructed from the lake pump to the office area and
subsequently be connected to a major distribution system beLakewood Cemetery—Continued on page 5
4
Lakewood Cemetery—Continued
ing proposed for the redevelopment of the
northeast corner. The larger watermain
would substantially improve watering
pressure within that major distribution system.
The study also recommended that a 6 inch
watermain be looped through the southerly
portion of the cemetery to improve the
operating pressures also existing in that area.
The proposed 8 inch water main was installed
in 1950, however, the 6-inch watermain
recommended for installation in the southerly
portion of the cemetery was apparently never
installed.
In 1953, based on a study begun four years
earlier, a 3,200-gallon hydropneumatic tank
was installed underground immediately north
of the administration building. The tank was
piped into the water distribution system, which
received water directly from the 300-gallon
booster pump and discharged water into the
cemetery mains. An autocon control system
was also installed to operate in concert with
the hydropneumatic tank, starting and
stopping the 300-gpm pump upon demand.
The basic elements of the water supply
system was then the lake pump, the 500-gpm
well pump, the surge tank, the 300-gpm
booster pump, the 3,200-gallon hydropneumatic tank and the autocon control system, obviating the
need for the water tower and bringing about its demise, along
with much of the hill it topped.
This operation only satisfied the low demands of the
cemetery for hand watering, vase watering and low level
lawn sprinkling. During the summer months when periods of
high sprinkling demand existed, the lake pump was called
into operation and pumped directly into the water distribution
mains. The lake pump was activated or started manually or
through a combination of manual and time-clock equipment
and functioned completely independently of
the 3,200-gallon hydropneumatic tank and its
control system.
Continuing problems from the lake
pumping operation, caused by fluctuating lake
levels and the plugging of sprinkler nozzles
from contaminated lake water, brought about
the construction of Water Well No. 3 in 1957,
to the south of the administration building. The
following year, a 15-horsepower, 130-gpm
submersible pump was installed in the well,
and a small water line was constructed from
the pump discharge to a nearby storm sewer.
The storm sewer subsequently discharged into
the lake, allowing a continuous flow of water
from the pump to the lake and a constant water
level within the lake. To overcome the
plugged nozzle problem, sediment separators
were installed at various locations along the
major watermains in an effort to intercept
lake water contamination.
In 1969, a 125-horsepower, 1,150-gpm
pump was installed in Well No. 3 replacing
the 15-horsepower submersible pump. The
new pump was piped to discharge directly into
the cemetery distribution system rather than
into the lake, virtually eliminating use of the
lake pump and the contaminated lake water
within the system. This same year a new power supply was
installed from 36th Street to the office building pumping panel.
A new autocon control panel was also installed in 1969 to
operate Well Pump No. 1, the booster pump from surge tank
to pressure tank, and Well Pump No. 3. The autocon
controls allowed the supplied system to operate
automatically, its only limits being the capacity of the pumps.
Today the cemetery’s wells supply the needs of the grounds
and all buildings on the site except for the administration building, which is connected to the Minneapolis water supply.
Deep Well at Lakewood Cemetery
Elevation—885 feet
Depth
Formation
(in feet)
*Glacial Deposits
0-256
*St. Peter Sandstone
256-318
*Prairie du Chien-Jordan
318-504
St. Lawrence
504-554
*Franconia
554-694
*Ironton-Galesville
694-749
Eau Claire
749-829
*Dresbach (Mount Simon)
829-989
*Hinckley
989-1,024
Red Clastic (Solar Church) 1,024-2,135
Granite (Basalt)
2,135-2,150
*Aquifer Material
Approximate
site of deep
well
Former site of
water tower
Lakewood Cemetery
5
Understanding Your Water Test Results
Below is a sample water test result form for routine nitrate and bacteriological monitoring. Look for the following items in
understanding your water test results.
Collector Name: The
name of the person (or
department) that collected the water sample
from your public water
system.
Collect Dt: The date
the water sample was
collected at your public
water system.
PWS No:
MDH’s identification number
for your public water supply.
Sampling Point: The
location in your water
system from which the
sample was collected.
Contaminant type:
The kind of test that
was done. The two
most common types
are “69
Nitrate+Nitrite
Nitrogen Total”
(Nitrate test) and
“327 PA-Tot
Coliform-DW”
(Colilert—bacteria
test).
Result:
The actual result of the test that was
done. In the example above, the
result for the nitrate test was 0.61
milligrams per liter (mg/l) and the
sample was “absent” for bacteria
(“absent” indicates that no bacteria
were found and “present” indicates
that bacteria were found). Water
with nitrate results less than 10 mg/
l and “absent” for bacteria is safe to
drink.
Rept. Level:
The
detection limit for the test
that was done (the lowest
amount that the test can
pick up). Not all tests have
a reporting level.
6
Units: The unit in which
the contaminant being
tested is measured. Some
common units are milligrams per liter (mg/l) and
micrograms per liter (ug/l).
Advisory Council Appoints Three New Members
The Advisory Council on Water Supply Systems and
Wastewater Treatment Facilities, which deals with policies
and procedures for the certification of operators, has appointed
Jim Sadler and Vern Larsen and re-appointed Steve Kleist to
four-year terms. Sadler is the utilities supervisor for Maple
Grove, Larsen an operator for Bel Clare Estates (a
nonmunicipal community water system), and Kleist an instructor/program coordinator for Vermilion Community College.
The other members of the council are Gerald Kaeter, Leslie
Goldsmith, Carl Swaggert, Stephen Lipinski, Bill Sexauer, John
McLouth, Doug Mandy, and Betty Thomsen.
Leaving the council after many years of service are Bob
Cockriel, the utilities superintendent for Bloomington, and
Gerry Mahon, who recently retired as director of public
utilities for St. Cloud.
REGISTRATION FORM
You may combine multiple fees on one check if more than one person is attending a school; however, please make a copy
of this form for each person. Questions regarding certification, contact Cindy Cook at 651/215-/0751. Questions regarding
registration, contact Jeanette Boothe at 651/215-0755.
AWWA Teleconference: The New Disinfection By-Product and Surface Water Treatment Rules: Operational
Issues and Treatment Strategies, November 9, 1999, $60 ($80 after November 1 or at the door).
Check location you wish to attend:
____ Earle Brown Center, St. Paul
____ Northwest Techical College, East Grand Forks.
Northwest School, November 30-December 2, 1998 Northland Inn, Crookston. Fee: $70 ($85 after November 19 or
at the door).
Check here if you would like to receive an exam application. (Applications must be submitted at least 15 days
prior to the exam.)
Check here if you would like to receive a study guide.
If you have any special dietary needs, please indicate them here:
Please print:
Name
Address
City
Zip
Day Phone
Employer
Please enclose the appropriate fee. Make check payable to Minnesota Department of Health. Mail this form and
fee to Public Water Supply Unit, Minnesota Department of Health, 121 East Seventh Place, Suite 220, P. O. Box 64975, St.
Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975.
Registration for the following schools must be sent to the person listed:
October 19, Suburban Utilities Superintendents School, Brooklyn Center Civic Center. Fee is $20. Send to John Hill,
Crystal Utilities, 4141 Douglas Drive North, Crystal, Minnesota 55422 (checks payable to SUSA).
October 27, Central Minnesota School, St. John’s University, Collegeville. Contact Duane Johnson, St. Cloud Public
Utilities, City Hall, 400 2nd Street South, St. Cloud, Minnesota 56301, 320/255-7225.
October 28, Southwest School, American Legion, Wells. Fee is $20 ($25 at the door). Send to Mark Sweers, Minnesota
Department of Health, 410 Jackson Street, Suite 150, Mankato, Minnesota 56001 (Checks payable to Minnesota AWWA).
October 29, Southeast Minnesota School, Day’s Inn, Albert Lea. Fee is $16 ($20 after October 20 or at the door). Send
to Paul Halvorson, Minnesota Department of Health, 18 Woodlake Drive SE, Rochester, Minnesota 55904-5506 (checks
payable to Minnesota AWWA).
7
CALENDAR
Minnesota Section, American
Water Works Association
Annual Conference, September 2224, Holiday Inn, Duluth, Contact Scott
Franzmeier, 651/290-6285
*October 27, Central Waterworks
Operators’ School, St. John’s University,
Collegeville, Contact Duane Johnson,
320/255-7225
*October 28, Southwest Waterworks
Operators’ School, American Legion,
Wells, Contact Mark Sweers, 507/3892501
*October 29, Southeast Waterworks
Operators’ School, Day’s Inn, Albert
Lea, Contact Paul Halvorson, 507/2857289
*November 30-December 2, Northwest Waterworks Operators’ School,
Northland Inn, Crookston, Contact Stew
Thornley, 651/215-0771
Minnesota Rural Water Association
Contact Kyle Kedrowski, 1/800/3676792
*September 15, Lake Benton, Water
Conservation
*September 22, Waconia, Confined
Space
*October 6, Bemidji, Well Maintenance, Safety, and Repair
*October 13, Hoyt Lakes, Operation
and Maintenance
November 9, St. Cloud, Securing
Financing for Small Systems
November 10, Detroit Lakes,
Securing Financing for Small Systems
December 8, Cloquet, Winterizing
Your Water System
December 9, St. Cloud, Winterizing
Your Water System
Minnesota Pollution Control
Agency
(Wastewater Operator Training)
Contact Emily Armistead, 651/296-7251
September 15-16, Land Application of
Biosolids Seminar, Holiday Inn, Brainerd
September 22-24, Wastewater
Treatment Technology Seminar,
Ruttger’s Lodge, Grand Rapids
September 29-30, Land Application of
Biosolids Seminar, Holiday Inn, New Ulm
October 20, Pond Troubleshooting
Workshop, Holiday Inn, Willmar
October 28-29, Industrial Operations,
Thunderbird Hotel, Bloomington
November 2-4, Collection System
Basic Workshop, Maplewood Inn
November 16-18, Land Application of
Biosolids Seminar, Holiday Inn, Austin
December 1-3, Wastewater
Treatment Technology Seminar,
Maplewood Inn
*Suburban Superintendents School
October 19, Brooklyn Center Civic
Center, Contact John Hill, 612/531-1166
AWWA Teleconference
November 9, The New Disinfection
By-Product and Surface Water Treat*Basic Water Operations
ment Rules: Operational Issues and
Contact John Thom, 612/861-9168
Treatment Strategies, St. Paul and East
11-week course starting in Glencoe Grand Forks, Contact Stew Thornley,
the 2nd week of September
651/215-0771
*Schools/meetings marked with an asterisk include a certification exam
To be eligible to take a certification exam,
applicants must have hands-on operations experience at a drinking water system.
Minnesota Department of Health
121 E. 7th Place Suite 220
P. O. Box 64975
St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975
ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED