The Latest on Arsenic
An Upgrade in Winona
By Karla Peterson
On June 22, 2000 the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officially
published the long-awaited proposed Arsenic Rule. Most people agree that the
current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter (µg/l), or
parts per billion, is too high and needs to be lowered.
The question is . . . lowered to what?
The proposed Arsenic Rule set 5 µg/l as the proposed MCL, with consideration
being given to an MCL anywhere between 3 and 20 µg/l. At an MCL of 5 µg/l,
approximately 160 public water supplies in Minnesota will exceed the MCL; at an
MCL of 10 µg/l, approximately 80 supplies will exceed. All of these supplies would
be required to find an alternative source, add treatment, or provide blending prior to
the distribution system.
Arsenic occurs throughout the United States and is primarily found in
groundwater, often simultaneously with iron, manganese, and sulfate. West-central
and northwestern Minnesota tend to have higher occurrences of arsenic than other
parts of the state, although arsenic can be found throughout Minnesota.
There is limited health risk data at low arsenic concentrations, but several studies
indicate that arsenic may cause bladder, lung, and skin cancer with some kidney
toxicity effects.
The final rule should be available sometime early next year (perhaps as early as
January 2001). Soon after, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) will begin
taking four quarterly samples at each entry point to the distribution system. The
results from those four samples will be averaged to determine which entry points
are in exceedance. Due to the averaging of results, a supply may be in compliance
if the averaged result is less than 5.4 µg/l (rather than 5 µg/l).
Arsenic—Continued on page 7
Winona Water Works is undergoing a
renovation with the installation of new
pressure filters as well as the
construction of a backwash reclamation
facility. See page 3 for more details.
Upcoming Certification Exam Dates
September 21, Pine City
October 25, Collegeville
October 5, Marshall
October 27, Red Wing
October 17, Brooklyn Center
November 30, Detroit Lakes
October 25, Eveleth
December 4, Rochester
See calendar on back page for more information
Fall 2000
Volume Eight/2
Inside:
Compliance Corner
Water System Questionnaire Results
Training News and Registration Form
Safety: Lifting Injuries
Water System Questionnaire Results
By Milt Bellin
Have you wondered about those questionnaires MDH was giving out during the spring water schools, mailing out to water
supplies, and posting on its web site? Here’s a summary of the responses and what will happen as a result.
The questionnaires covered two general areas: problems that may affect operation of public water supply systems, and
how the Health Department could better assist systems.
We received more than 150 completed questionnaires. Most of the responses did not indicate any particular problems, and
a majority of the comments received were positive regarding the Department’s public water supply program. There were,
however, many responses indicating that systems are facing problems, and some of them are significant. Here are some of
problems identified, grouped by category:
• Operating costs are increasing and funding is needed for
Drinking Water Revolving Funds
upgrades; however, city councils are sometimes slow to
Flow throughout State
respond to the needs.
By John Schnickel
• Staffing is inadequate, people have to do multiple jobs,
paperwork is excessive, and there is a lack of qualified
operators and consultants available.
The drinking water revolving fund (DWRF) program is
financing $91,343,373 in water system improvements. The
first loan was made two years ago, and projects are located
throughout the state.
What type of projects are being funded? How fairly is the
money being distributed?
DWRF priority is given to projects that resolve a public
health problem, and most problems are resolved through
treatment or source improvements. Sixty percent of the
projects address these issues. Twenty-three percent of the
projects are for water storage problems, and 15 percent are
for distribution system improvements. The remainder of the
projects are for miscellaneous improvements, such as
emergency generators and automated monitoring and
operating systems.
When federal funding was being established for state
DWRF programs, there was concern that funds would go
almost exclusively to large systems. A stipulation was
developed which requires at least 15 percent of the money
go to systems serving fewer than 10,000 residents.
Minnesota provides 70 percent of the DWRF money to these
systems, but that is only part of the story. In Minnesota,
80 percent of the community water systems serve fewer
than 3,300 residents, 10 percent serve between 3,300 and
10,000, and 10 percent serve more than 10,000. The number
of DWRF loans to these sized systems has been 80 percent,
16 percent, and 4 percent, respectively. The percentage of
money to each sized system has been 45 percent,
25 percent, and 30 percent, but, when the loans are divided
by the number of residents they serve, the loans average
$618/resident for systems under 3,300; $535/resident for
systems between 3,300 and 10,000; and $92/resident for
systems over 10,000.
All loans have been to publicly owned systems. Privately
owned public water systems are eligible (mobile home parks,
churches, day care centers, etc.), but the program is not cost
effective unless the loans are large.
The 2001 Project Priority List has been established. It
was created from the old list to which 54 projects were
deleted and 84 new ones added. The new list contains 284
projects, a net gain of 26. An unexpected number of projects
were carried over from the old list to the new one. This was
because projects that were expected to be funded this year
were not ready for implementation. Leftover funds will be
available for next year’s loans.
• Treatment technology issues include corrosion control
problems, complexity of requirements, and more on-site
technical assistance being needed.
• Training issues include desire for more enhanced
educational opportunities, more information on small
systems, less travel distance to training sites, and more
frequent information on new requirements.
• Maximum contaminant level concerns included changes
to existing levels, the uncertainty of future levels, and the
feeling that some levels were unrealistic.
• Source issues include Minnesota Department of Natural
Resources control of aquifers, control of agricultural
contaminants, and iron, manganese, arsenic, and radium
levels.
• Consumer Confidence Reports are troublesome to do,
and the distribution required is excessive.
All comments, with identifying information removed, were
shared with a stakeholder group. After discussion, the group
identified three broad issues to be focused on at this time:
• Standardizing grant and loan applications to make them
easier and quicker to complete when application must
be made to multiple agencies.
• Expanding training and educational materials to address
new requirements and infrastructure needs, and making
more water-supply-related educational opportunities
available to city councils and other decision makers.
• Addressing the concern that a shortage of trained
operators may occur because of the availability of many
alternatives for employment, along with an increase in
responsibilities and job complexity faced by operators.
The Department will be looking at these issues together
with the Minnesota Training Coalition, the Operator
Certification Council, and other partners.
2
Winona Water Works Replaces Pressure Filters
The history of public water supply in
The shutdown put an additional
Winona, Minnesota extends back for
burden on the Westfield Plant, which
more than 100 years. The first
did not have the capacity to service the
system—consisting of a pair of
entire city by itself. Working on a
seepage wells and a 210-foot-high
fast-track schedule, Keys Well
standpipe—began in 1882 and served
Drilling of St. Paul drilled a new deep
the sawmills, primarily for fire
well, which began providing water to
protection, as well as a portion of the
the Westfield Plant in September of
town. By 1925, the seepage wells had
1999, thus increasing its capacity as well
been converted into four 12-inch
as giving the plant’s two existing wells
diameter wells, all more than 500 feet
a much-needed break.
deep, that tapped into the Mount Simon The filters were brought in through a window
With the immediate supply
aquifer. At this time a treatment plant, and rolled into place.
problems solved by the bypass and the
adjacent to the standpipe, was constructed on Johnson Street.
additional workload of the Westfield Plant, the utility turned
The plant held three steam pumps that delivered the water
its attention to a long-term solution. Bonestroo Rosene Anderlik
from the deep wells to the townspeople. The standpipe served
of Roseville, Minnesota, began a study in January 1999 and
as the storage facility and provided pressure for the system
developed an engineering plant design that called for the
until it was replaced, in 1931, by a 500,000-gallon water tower.
installation of four horizontal pressure filters—containing
Filtration, for removal of iron and manganese, was added
manganese greensand topped by anthracite—in the Johnson
in 1959 with the construction of the Westfield Plant, about a
Street Plant.
mile to the west of the Johnson Street facility. The Westfield
The vertical filters were removed last January to make
Plant originally had gravity filters, although they were
room for the new ones, which are 40 feet long and 9 feet, 6
replaced by horizontal dual-media pressure filters in 1992.
inches in diameter. Keiper said they knew they would have
Meanwhile, the Johnson Street Plant went through a maschallenges in the installation of the new filters. “Space is
sive upgrade in 1969, one that added filtration to its process.
tight in the filter room,” he explained. “They had to be lifted
Eight vertical pressure filters—approximately 25 feet tall
and pushed through one of the windows on the south side of
and 8-to-9 feet in diameter—were installed in the Johnson
the filter plant, across a set of tracks, and then into the
Street Plant and served the utility for nearly 30 years.
building, where they were put on a horizontal rolling
However, signs of trouble appeared in late 1998. The
mechanism that slid them into place.”
vertical filters had no interior coating. Over time, the filters
rotted from the inside out, and the underdrain plates dissolved.
Responding to a customer complaint, Bob Keiper, the
Superintendent of the Winona Water Department, checked
the water coming out of the plant. “At first, we thought it
was just dirty water,” Keiper said, “but as it turned out, it was
a slurry of about 90 percent media and 10 percent water.
We suspected that we had lost the underdrain plate in one of
those filters and that all the gravel and sand media had started
to go out into the system and jam things up.” Keiper took the
filter off-line, tested it, and confirmed his suspicions. The
problem with one filter caused Keiper to wonder about the
condition of the others, since they were the same age. “We
realized then that we were living on borrowed time with the
plant,” he added.
The upgrade included the installation of four new pressure
Sure enough, problems with the other filters emerged and,
filters.
within a couple of weeks, they had lost about half the plant.
The underdrains failed in several more of the filters—each
Keiper added that the filters had to be fabricated in the
of which is three-celled—meaning that as many as 12-to-15
right way so that the face piping—which is different on each
filter cells had serious failures in them to the extent that
filter—would match up to the new stainless steel piping. A
support gravel in one cell was ending up in the cell below.
manufacturing problem with the face piping delayed the
“We were pumping media out into the distribution system,”
project. The first filter wasn’t installed until May 31, 2000.
says Keiper.
All the filters were in place by mid-July.
Keiper said they shut the plant down until they could
In addition to the new filters, the project includes the
determine which filters could be put back on-line. “We then
construction of a backwash reclamation building outside the
ran half the plant for about six months before pulling the whole
filter plant that will hold the water for 24 hours and then
plant off-line.” The utility opened a bypass and pumped
recover the top two-thirds.
unfiltered water (although still chlorinated and fluoridated)
Despite the delays, Keiper said they hope to have the new
into the distribution system.
filters on-line by October.
3
Compliance Corner
By Pat McKasy, Minnesota Department of Health Senior Compliance Officer
651-215-0759; [email protected]
The MDH Community Water Supply
compliance staff is now working on a
project we hope will be beneficial and
welcomed by most water supplies,
particularly the small systems. We’re
hoping to, beginning in January 2001,
create an annual sample monitoring
schedule which will be tailored to each
system and its monitoring requirements
for that particular year. This schedule
will include the dates that samples
required by MDH are due as well as any
monthly reports (bacteria for systems
over 1,000 in population, fluoride reports,
and turbidity and disinfection residual
reports) and the annual Consumer
Confidence Report.
We would like this schedule to be as
user-friendly as possible, and I envision
it evolving over the years until we get it
exactly as we (and you) want it to look.
We are thinking of printing these on
cardstock, which is heavier than regular
paper, in the hope that each system would
use it the same way as it would a
calendar—posting it on a bulletin board
or somewhere that it will be seen
regularly by water utility staff. We’re
doing this in response to comments made
by systems that have so much
monitoring to do that they can’t keep it
all straight. Seeing everything laid out
in one place should help clear up any
confusion as to what is due and when.
My hope is to put pictures of the
different types of sample bottles on
each schedule, as this would be a big
help to many of the small systems, particularly nonmunicipal systems, who
have a high turnover in operator staff;
often times in these situations, new
operators are left to figure everything out
themselves when taking a new position
at one of these systems.
I’d appreciate your input into the
design of this schedule, as you are the
people we are doing this for. Please
contact me if you have any specific
suggestions as to how you’d like it to
look, or what you’d like to see included.
Thanks for your help!
CCR Update
Certification of Completion form, which outlined each system’s
distribution options (the options are population based), and a
guidance booklet explaining in great detail what the CCR is
and what is required to be included in each report, were sent
to each system approximately in April. Instructions were
very specific in that a copy of the report, as it was sent out to
customers, and the Certification of Completion form, were
to be submitted to MDH by July 1, 2000.
At the time of this writing, we have approximately
95 percent compliance by the water systems. Last year,
when there was more time to follow-up with systems that
were late in submitting the copy of the report and certification form to MDH, we ended up with a 99% compliance
rate. We would be extremely pleased to have that number
again this year, but with the shorter compliance period, that
may not be possible. We have sent out two reminder cards
to systems we had received nothing from, and also made lots
of phone calls. It’s still not to late to get your CCR and
Certification of Completion form in and avoid a major violation. PLEASE CALL ME! I will arrange to have another
copy of your CCR sent out to you, if you are unable to locate
the original one that was sent in April, along with a copy of
the Certification of Completion form. Although you will be
late in getting your CCR out, late is much better than not
doing it at all. We will walk you through the entire process if
need be, but you must CALL and let us know that you need
help!
Thanks to all of you that have submitted your report and
certification form on time. Again this year, there will be a
contest held to pick the best CCR. A panel of judges from
outside our Community Water Supply Unit has been chosen
and will vote on the reports that they think are the best, both
in content and visual appeal. The winning systems will
receive awards at the Minnesota Section—American Water
Works Association conference in Mankato.
Hopefully, by the time you are reading this, your water
system—be it a city, manufactured housing community,
apartment building, or any other publicly or privately owned
water supply—has long since completed the distribution of
its 1999 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). Also,
hopefully, you have submitted to MDH a copy of your 1999
CCR, whether it was an actual newspaper article, or
newsletter, or just a copy of the report that MDH sent to
each system back in April of this year.
Along with the copy of the report you distributed to your
consumers, you were also required to submit to MDH the
Certification of Completion form that was also sent to each
system in April. If none of this sounds familiar to you, READ
ON!!
As most of you know, in 1996, Congress amended the
federal Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), adding a
provision requiring ALL community water systems to deliver
an annual water quality report to their customers. Last year,
1999, was the first year this report, covering the 1998
monitoring year, was required to be distributed. Because it
was the first year, additional time was given to the water
systems to get the report distributed; therefore October 19th
was the deadline. This year, and each year after this, the
deadline for distribution is July 1. Because a great deal of
information is required in these reports, MDH—in an effort
to help Minnesota’s public water systems—put together a
“bare-bones” report for each system to use “as is” if they
wanted. Although this report contained the bare minimum
required by law, it was complete in that it had all of the
required language and all of the necessary monitoring
results. We did, however, encourage systems to reformat
the report into a brochure or something of that nature, and to
use it as a way to let customers know how much effort it
takes to provide them with good quality water as well as to
inform them of any improvements that have been made or
are planned for the future. These reports, along with a
Compliance Corner—Continued on next page
4
Training News
Compliance Corner by Pat McKasy—Continued from page 4
Annual Nitrate Monitoring
Monitoring the quality of drinking water in public water supply
systems is a joint responsibility of the MDH and the state’s public
water systems. Local water supply systems are responsible for
taking some of the required water samples, according to a schedule
established by MDH, with MDH staff collecting the remainder of
the required samples. All public water supply systems are required
by the federal Safe Drinking Water Act to test all of their wells,
including emergency back-up wells, annually for nitrate
contamination. This is one of the contaminants that MDH schedules
the local water supply systems to collect themselves.
Before I go any further on the nitrate monitoring program, I’d like
to offer a little background information on nitrates, which hopefully
will emphasize the importance of having all of your wells checked
annually for nitrate. Nitrates can occur naturally in the environment
but can also enter the water from sources like fertilizer run-off,
decaying plant and/or animal wastes, and sewage. Nitrate is a health
concern primarily for infants under the age of six months, who have a
type of bacteria in their stomachs that convert nitrate to nitrite, which
will interfere with the ability of the baby’s blood to carry oxygen.
The result is an extremely serious illness known as
methemoglobinemia (known as “blue baby syndrome”). If the level
of methemoglobin becomes high enough, the baby’s skin will turn a
bluish color, and suffocation can occur. Blue-baby syndrome has
been know to occur after just one day of exposure to high nitrate
water and, left untreated, can be fatal. After six months of age, the
conversion of nitrate to nitrite in the stomach no longer occurs.
The compliance staff of the Community Public Water Supply Unit
at MDH does the scheduling and monitoring of results for every
Public Water Supply. As I said in the first paragraph, all wells and/or
combined discharges (wells and combined discharges are called
“entry points” by MDH) , including emergency back-up wells, must
be tested. MDH schedules all systems to be sampled in the months
of April to September, when all wells should be operating. MDH will
send each system the bottles and lab forms they need to sample at
each entry point we have listed. Detailed sampling instructions are
printed on the back of the lab form, and the individual entry points
each system must take samples from are listed on the front of the
form. If your system has an entry point listed that is off-line for
repairs at the time of the scheduled monitoring, or is “indefinitely” out
of service, please inform Cindy Swanson at 651/215-0767.
This year, we have 954 community systems, with a total of 1,663
entry points, scheduled for monitoring. As the results for all of these
entry points come in, compliance staff must go over each one
individually to look for any results over 5.5 milligrams per liter
(mg/l), or parts per million. Any system that has an entry point with a
nitrate level over 5.5 mg/l is put on quarterly nitrate monitoring for
that entry point. That entry point will remain on quarterly monitoring
until we have enough results to say that it is reliably and consistently
below the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 mg/l. Thirty-six
systems are currently on quarterly monitoring with 11 of those
systems having more than one entry point being monitored.
By the time you’re reading this, all systems should have received
nitrate sample bottles and forms; if you have not, or aren’t sure whether
you’ve submitted samples or not, please feel free to call Cindy
Swanson at the above number or me at 651/215-0759. Thanks for
your cooperation with MDH in this very important monitoring
program.
5
John Thom will be conducting an 11-week course
on basic water operations in Rochester beginning on
September 18. Participants will receive 30 contact
hours. Contact John at 612/861-9168 for more information.
The Northwest District School will be held at the
Holiday Inn in Detroit Lakes from Tuesday,
November 28 to Thursday, November 30.
Registration is $70 ($85 after November 17 or at the
door). A block of guest rooms is being held at a
reduced rate until November 13; call the Holiday
Inn at 218/847-2121 and mention American Water
Works Association or Minnesota Department of
Health to get the special room rate. The school will
feature an operator breakfast on Wednesday
morning, followed by a product exposition, with
hands-on training conducted at the Detroit Lakes
Wastewater Plant in the afternoon. Participants will
receive 16 contact hours for their attendance. A
registration form for the school is on page 7.
A number of one-day schools are also being held
around the state this fall. See the calendar on the
back page for a list of training opportunities.
Satellite Teleconference November 2
This fall’s American Water Works Association
(AWWA) Satellite Teleconference, Automation and
Instrumentation: Making the Most of New Tools
and Technology, will take place on Thursday,
November 2 from 11:00 to 2:30 (with
registration beginning at 10:30). The downlink
locations will be the Hennepin County Technical
College, 9000 Brooklyn Boulevard in Brooklyn Park,
Minnesota, and Memorial Union Hall on the
campus of the University of North Dakota in Grand
Forks. Participants will receive four contact hours.
Registration will be $65 by October 25 and $85
after October 25, or at the door. All AWWA
members will receive registration information in the
mail. The teleconference is also included on the
registration form on page 7.
2001 Metro School
The next Metro District School is scheduled for
Wednesday, April 4 through Friday, April 6, 2000, at
the Thunderbird Hotel in Bloomington.
Waterline
Published quarterly by the
Drinking Water Protection Section
of the Minnesota Department of Health
Editor: Stew Thornley
Staff: Dick Clark, Noel Hansen, Jeanette Boothe
To request this document in another format,
call 651/215-0700; TDD 651/215-0707 or tollfree through the Minnesota Relay Service,
1/800/627-3529 (ask for 651/215-0700).
Arsenic—Continued from page 1
If a system exceeds the MCL, it must continue quarterly
monitoring and public notification until the result is reliably
and consistently below the MCL.
Supplies have several options in meeting the MCL. Some
may choose to find an alternative source (new well or hookup
to another supply), add treatment (lime softening,
conventional treatment, anion exchange, activated alumina,
granular filtration, membrane filtration, or reverse osmosis),
or blend water via storage prior to the distribution system.
Each option for meeting the MCL must be carefully
studied. For example, a new well may have lower arsenic
concentrations, but at the same time it may contain other
contaminants. If a supply chooses treatment as a solution,
the arsenic must be oxidized prior to removal since soluble
arsenic is difficult to remove by most treatment methods. For
those supplies that currently have iron/manganese filtration,
removal of arsenic may be a matter of modifying existing
treatment (adding chemical feed and coagulation/flocculation).
Disposal of treatment residuals may be a significant
concern for many supplies that choose treatment. The
supply needs to thoroughly review disposal costs, as it can be
an expensive and an often forgotten part of water treatment.
If you have any questions concerning arsenic in
Minnesota drinking water, please contact me at 651/215-0761.
REGISTRATION FORM
You may combine multiple fees on one check if more than one person is attending a school; however, please make a copy
of this form for each person. Questions regarding certification, contact Cindy Cook at 651/215-0751. Questions regarding
registration, contact Jeanette Boothe at 651/215-1321.
AWWA Teleconference: Automation and Instrumentation: Making the Most of New Tools and Technology,
November 2, 2000. Fee: $65 ($85 after October 25 or at the door).
Check location you wish to attend:
____ Hennepin County Technical College, Brooklyn Park, Minnesota
____ University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
Southwest School, October 5, 2000, Best Western, Marshall. Fee: $20 ($25 at the door).
Northwest School, November 28-30, 2000, Holiday Inn, Detroit Lakes. Fee: $70 ($85 after November 17 or at the door).
Check here if you would like to receive an exam application. (Applications must be submitted at least 15 days
prior to the exam.)
Check here if you would like to receive a study guide.
If you have any special dietary needs, please indicate them here:
Please print:
Name
Address
City
Zip
Day Phone
Employer
Please enclose the appropriate fee. Make check payable to Minnesota Department of Health. Mail this form and
fee to Public Water Supply Unit, Minnesota Department of Health, 121 East Seventh Place, Suite 220, P. O. Box 64975,
St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975.
Registration for the following schools must be sent to the person listed:
October 17, 2000, Suburban Utilities Superintendents School, Brooklyn Center Civic Center. Fee: $25. Send to John Hill,
Crystal Utilities, 4141 Douglas Drive North, Crystal, Minnesota 55422 (checks payable to SUSA).
October 25, 2000, Central Minnesota School, St. John’s University, Collegeville. Contact Dick Nagy, 320/234-4222.
October 27, 2000, Southeast Minnesota School, American Legion, Red Wing. Fee: $20 ($25 at the door). Send to
Minnesota AWWA, 26 E. Exchange Street, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 (make checks payable to Minnesota AWWA).
6
CALENDAR
Water Operator Training
Minnesota Section, American
Water Works Association
Annual Conference, September
13-15, Holiday Inn, Mankato. Contact
Scott Franzmeier, 651/290-6285.
*October 5, Southwest Water
Operators School, Best Western,
Marshall. Contact John Blomme,
507/537-7308 or Jeanette Boothe,
651/215-1321.
*October 25, Central Water
Operators School, St. John’s University,
Collegeville. Contact Dick Nagy,
320/234-4222.
*October 27, Southeast Water
Operators School, American Legion,
Red Wing. Contact Paul Halvorson,
507/285-7289.
*November 28-30, Northwest Water
Operators School, Holiday Inn,
Detroit Lakes. Contact Stew Thornley,
651/215-0771 or Jeanette Boothe,
651/215-1321.
Minnesota Rural Water Association
Contact Kyle Kedrowski, 1/800/3676792.
September 19, Treatment, New
Richland.
September 20, Treatment, Watertown.
*September 21, Treatment, Pine City.
*October 25, Distribution Operation
& Maintenance, Eveleth.
November 8, Securing Financing for
Small Systems, New Ulm.
November 9, Securing Financing for
Small Systems, St. Cloud.
December 12, Winterizing Your
Water System, Mankato.
December 13, Winterizing Your
Water System, St. Cloud.
Wastewater Training
Minnesota Pollution Control
Agency
Contact Emily Armistead, 651/296-7251.
September 13, Land Application of
Biosolids-Refresher Course, St. Cloud
September 26, Land Application of
Biosolids-Refresher Course, Rochester
October 19, Stabilization Pond
Trouble-Shooting Workshop, St. Cloud
December 13, Wastewater Treatment
Technology Seminar, Maplewood
Minnesota Rural Water Association
Contact Pete McPherson, 1/800/3676792.
September 12, Collection System
Operation & Maintenance, Coleraine.
October 3, Stabilization Ponds and
*Suburban Superintendents School
Collection
System Operation &
October 17, Brooklyn Center Civic
Maintenance,
Hackensack.
Center. Contact John Hill, 763/531-1166.
October 26, Math and Operation &
Maintenance, Karlstad.
AWWA Teleconference
December 5, Operation &
November 2, Automation and InMaintenance,
Elbow Lake.
strumentation: Making the Most of
*Basic Water Operations
New Tools and Technology,Brooklyn
Contact John Thom, 612/861-9168
11-week course starting in Rochester Park and Grand Forks. Contact Stew
on September 18.
Thornley, 651/215-0771.
*Schools/meetings marked with an asterisk include a water certification exam.
To be eligible to take a certification exam,
applicants must have hands-on operations experience at a drinking water system.
Minnesota Department of Health
121 E. 7th Place Suite 220
P. O. Box 64975
St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975
ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED