Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT)
College of Applied Sciences and Technology (CAST)
WAN/LAN planning and design (0614.774)
Graduate Project
OPNET
Submitted by: Suleiman Osman
Professor: Ron Fulle
Date: May 07, 2012
Osman TableofContents
Introduction: ................................................................................................................................................. 4  Scenarios: .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Initial setting ................................................................................................................................................. 5  Network Properties ........................................................................................................................... 5  Traffic Matrix Editor .......................................................................................................................... 7  Delay Setting ..................................................................................................................................... 8  Availability Setting ........................................................................................................................... 8 First Scenario: Unprotected star and ring topology ..................................................................................... 9  Link design ...................................................................................................................................... 10  Grooming ........................................................................................................................................ 11  Dimensioning .................................................................................................................................. 12  Routing Results ............................................................................................................................... 13  Availability analysis ........................................................................................................................ 14  Topology connection ....................................................................................................................... 14  Network cost ................................................................................................................................... 15  Traffic growing ............................................................................................................................... 16  Failure Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 17 Second Scenario: 1+1 protected star and ring topology.............................................................................. 19  Link Design ...................................................................................................................................... 20  Grooming ........................................................................................................................................ 21  Dimensioning .................................................................................................................................. 22  Routing Results ............................................................................................................................... 23  Availability analysis ........................................................................................................................ 24  Topology connection ...................................................................................................................... 25  Network cost ................................................................................................................................... 26  Traffic growing ............................................................................................................................... 27  Failure Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 28 Third scenario: Unprotected Star Topology ................................................................................................ 30  Link Design ..................................................................................................................................... 31  Grooming ........................................................................................................................................ 32 2
Osman  Dimensioning .................................................................................................................................. 32  Routing Results ............................................................................................................................... 33  Availability analysis ........................................................................................................................ 34  Topology connection ...................................................................................................................... 35  Network cost ................................................................................................................................... 36  Traffic growing ............................................................................................................................... 37  Failure Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 38 Fourth scenario: 1+1 protected Star Topology ........................................................................................... 41  Link Design ..................................................................................................................................... 42  Grooming ........................................................................................................................................ 42  Dimensioning .................................................................................................................................. 43  Routing Results ............................................................................................................................... 44  Availability analysis ........................................................................................................................ 45  Topology connection ...................................................................................................................... 47  Network cost ................................................................................................................................... 48  Traffic growing ............................................................................................................................... 49  Failure Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 50 Scenario Comparison .................................................................................................................................. 53  Total Capacity ................................................................................................................................. 53  Total utilization ............................................................................................................................... 54  Node Cost ........................................................................................................................................ 55  Link Cost ......................................................................................................................................... 56  Total cost ......................................................................................................................................... 57 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 58 References .................................................................................................................................................. 58 3
Osman Introduction:
In order to get the full grade in the Graduate project, Professor R Fulle asks every student in
Networking planning and design class to do the Graduate project by using OPNET software.
What is OPNET? Historically, “Alain Cohen, a 20-year-old MIT student, developed OPNET in
1986 Alain Cohen and his classmate Steven Baraniuk developed a prototype data network
modeling and simulation system they called "Optimized Network Engineering Tools", or
OPNET for short”..1
Today, OPNET Technologies, Inc. is producing many related software and service such as:
Application performance management
Network planning and engineering
Network research and development
The goal of the project is to understand how to implement such great optical network by using
OPNET SP Guru Transport Planner 17.0.
To explore the tools function, we need to dive in the software and examine different scenarios
and topologies.
The target area, where the network will be implemented, is the Middle East area. It is located in
the southwestern region of the Asian continent.it consists of several Arabic countries called Gulf
Arabic region.
 Scenarios:
In this project we avoid to build Mesh topology because it is clear that Mesh topology has the
best deal with network failures with high network cost. However the project will be designed in
four scenarios. The first scenario will be mixed of unprotected star and ring topologies while the
second scenario presents mix of 1+1 protected star and ring topologies. The third scenario will
present unprotected star topology and the last scenario will show the 1+1 protected star topology.
The project will connect 9 cities among 7 countries
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
Dubai, Unites Arab Emirates

Abu dabhi, Unites Arab Emirates

Daoha, Qatar

Manamma, Bahrain

Kuwait, Kuwait

Bagdad, Iraq

Sana, Yemen

Riyad, Saudi Arabia

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Osman Some of properties will be applied to the design to compare among these scenarios in some of
aspects such as:

Cost analysis

Failure analysis

Growth analysis

Availability analysis
Initial setting
All the initial setting will be the same for all the scenarios.

Network Properties
First step it has to be done is the network properties and in order to compare between scenarios
fairly, common network properties setting are applied to all four scenarios.
The screen shot figure below shows:

Opaque mode is set.

Regenerate via DXC to use ADD DROP Multiplexer.

OC-192 is used so that when failure analysis is done, it shows something significant.

The default WDM line system has been set.

Using of EOCC with DXC+OXC to switch wavelength and SONET traffic.

TDM nomenclature is SONET and KM as Distance unit.
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Osman 6
Osman  TrafficMatrixEditor
Set the Traffic through the Traffic Matrix Editor. First select the OCH and DCL Traffic which been set STS‐
12 DCL Layer and OC‐192 OCH Layer. Then create the traffic as Random Traffic with a threshold of (1 as minimum) and (10 as maximum) in terms of wavelength unit. 7
Osman  Delay Setting
Default Delay setting is set as 0.00500 ms/km.
 Availability Setting
Common Availability Setting has applied to all scenarios which are 0.99999 and it is illustrated
below.
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Osman FirstScenario:Unprotectedstarandringtopology
As shown above mix of star and ring topology is mapped among 9 cities. Riyad is formed as the
center of the star topology which is connected with ring topology at the other side.
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
Osman Link design
The following figures show the link design with the regeneration sites and OA.
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Osman  Grooming
In this step, Grooming parameters has been set and we come out with the results of the
Grooming traffic.
The Grooming results show the performance of the capacity, cost and utilization before and after
Optimization with using of OC-192 as target traffic matrix.
11
Osman  Dimensioning
The following figures show the process of dimensioning, dimensioning results and result of
dimensioning web report. (With 50% Threshold).
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Osman Results show that the OCH link utilization is 74.5%.
 RoutingResults
As shown below, the Routing results for both OCH and DCL layers. It presents the link
utilization 74.5% and 38.3% respectively. the routed capacity is 100%.
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Osman  Availability analysis
OCH_0 availability summary illustrated below with Average availability and expected loss of
traffic.
 Topologyconnection
14
Osman The figures above show the DCL and OCH topologies with connection parameters such as
number of nodes and links, network connectivity percent, node degree, link capacity, node ports
and so forth.
 Network cost
The network cost for this scenario come up with 354,389.00 by using the default OPNET
equipment.
The figure below presents the cost with more details.
15
Osman  Traffic growing
With increasing of 20 % of the traffic, the link utilization is increased and the topology could
handle 91.5% of the new traffic.
16
Osman  Failure Analysis
Two types of failures has been added to the network: link failure and node failure
17
Osman In the link failure, the overview of the failures shows two links has been failed (Riyad – Bagdad) –
(Riyad – Manamma). The traffic is affected and 101 out of 217 wavelengths are lost in OCH layer.
18
Osman In the node failure, the overview of the failure come out with Riyad Node is failed. And it
presents the affected traffic of this failure. 147 out of 217 wavelengths are lost in OCH layer.
Second Scenario: 1+1 protected star and ring topology
As shown below mix of star and ring topology is mapped among 9 cities. It is the same as the
first scenario network lay out with 1+1 protection is applied to this scenario.
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Osman  LinkDesign
The following figures show the link design with the regeneration sites and OA. 20
Osman 
Grooming
In this step, Grooming parameters has been set and we come out with the results of the
Grooming traffic.
The Grooming results show the performance of the capacity, cost and utilization before and after
Optimization with using of OC-192 as target traffic matrix.
21
Osman  Dimensioning
The following figures show the process of dimensioning, dimensioning results. (With 50% Threshold
and 1+1 protection).
22
Osman  Routing Results
As shown below, the Routing results for both OCH and DCL layers. It presents the link
utilization 78.75% and 84.93% respectively. And it shows the working and protection Hopes.
23
Osman  Availability analysis
OCH_0 availability summary and OCH_DCL _0 Grooming summary are illustrated below with
Average availability and expected loss of traffic.
24
Osman  Topology connection
The figures above show the DCL and OCH topologies with connection parameters such as
number of nodes and links, network connectivity percent, node degree, link capacity, node ports
and so forth.
25
Osman  Network cost
The network cost for this scenario come up with 241,275.00 by using the default OPNET
equipment.
The figure below presents the cost with more details.
26
Osman  Traffic growing
With increasing of 20 % of the traffic, the link utilization is increased and the topology could
handle 88.8% of the new traffic.
27
Osman  Failure Analysis
Two types of failures have been added to the network: link failure and node failure.
28
Osman In the link failure, the overview of the failures shows two links has been failed (Riyad – Bagdad)
– (Riyad – Manamma). The traffic is affected and 6 out of 84 wavelengths are lost in OCH layer.
29
Osman In the node failure above, the overview of the failure come up with Riyad Node is failed. And it
presents the affected traffic of this failure. 34 out of 84 wavelengths are lost in OCH layer.
Third scenario: Unprotected Star Topology
As shown below star topology is mapped among 9 cities. Dubai is the center of the network and
it is connected to all the 8 cities with no protection.
30
Osman  Link Design
The following figures show the link design with the regeneration sites and OA.
31
Osman  Grooming
In this step, Grooming parameters has been set and we come up with the results of the
Grooming traffic. The Grooming results show the performance of the capacity, cost and utilization before and after
Optimization with using of OC-192 as target traffic matrix.
 Dimensioning
The following figures show the process of dimensioning, dimensioning results. (With 50%
Threshold).
32
Osman  Routing Results
As shown below, the Routing results for both OCH and DCL layers. It presents the link
utilization 70.00% and 81.25% respectively. With 100% capacity routed.
33
Osman  Availability analysis
OCH_0 availability summary and OCH_DCL _0 Grooming summary are illustrated below with
Average availability and expected loss of traffic.
34
Osman  Topology connection
The figures above show the DCL and OCH topologies with connection parameters such as
number of nodes and links, network connectivity percent, node degree, link capacity, node ports
and so forth.
35
Osman  Network cost
The network cost for this scenario come up with 402,485.00 by using the default OPNET
equipment.
The figure below presents the cost with more details.
36
Osman  Traffic growing
With increasing of 20 % of the traffic, the link utilization is increased and the topology could
handle 95.4% of the new traffic.
37
Osman  Failure Analysis
Two types of failures has been added to the network: link failure and node failure
38
Osman In the link failure above, the overview of the failures shows two links has been failed (Dubai –
Bagdad) – (Dubai – Jeddah). The traffic is affected and 85 out of 236 wavelengths are lost in
OCH layer.
39
Osman In the node failure above, Dubai node has been failed which means that the entire network will
be failed. Definitely, the traffic will be affected and all the wavelengths are lost. Another node
failure is applied to Abu dabhi node and the affected traffic is shown below. And 58 out of 236
are lost.
40
Osman Fourth scenario: 1+1 protected Star Topology
As shown below star topology is mapped among 9 cities. Dubai is the center of the network and
it is connected to all the 8 cities with 1+1 protection.
41
Osman  Link Design
The following figures show the link design with the regeneration sites and OA.  Grooming
In this step, Grooming parameters has been set and we come out with the results of the
Grooming traffic. 42
Osman The Grooming results show the performance of the capacity, cost and utilization before and after
Optimization with using of OC-192 as target traffic matrix with 1+1 protection.
 Dimensioning
The following figures below show the process of dimensioning, dimensioning results. (With 50%
Threshold and 1+1 protection).
43
Osman  Routing Results
As shown below, the Routing results for both OCH and DCL layers. It presents the link
utilization 71.97% and 54.46% respectively. With 100% capacity routed and working and
protection Hopes.
44
Osman  Availability analysis
OCH_0 availability summary and OCH_DCL _0 Grooming summary are illustrated below with
Average availability and expected loss of traffic.
45
Osman 46
Osman  Topology connection
The figures above show the DCL and OCH topologies with connection parameters such as
number of nodes and links, network connectivity percent, node degree, link capacity, node ports
and so forth.
47
Osman  Network cost
The network cost for this scenario come up with 672,585.00 by using the default OPNET
equipment and 1+1 protection.
The figure below presents the cost with more details.
48
Osman  Traffic growing
With increasing of 20 % of the traffic, the link utilization is increased and the topology could
handle 83.6% of the new traffic.
49
Osman  Failure Analysis
Two types of failures have been added to the network: link failure and node failure. 50
Osman In the link failure above, the overview of the failures shows two links has been failed (Dubai –
Bagdad) – (Dubai – Jeddah). The traffic is affected and 98 out of 275 wavelengths were lost in
OCH layer.
51
Osman In the node failure above, Dubai node has been failed which means that the entire network will
be failed. Definitely, the traffic will be affected and all the wavelengths are lost.
Another node failure is applied to Abu dabhi node and the affected traffic is shown below.
It shows that 64 out of 236 are lost. 52
Osman Scenario Comparison
 Total Capacity
53
Osman  Total utilization
54
Osman  Node Cost
55
Osman  Link Cost
56
Osman  Total cost
The comparison tables and graphs come with results that the mix of Star and Ring topology has
the least cost with the best overall performance. Moreover, the risk in the star topology
implementation is more clearly especially when the center node is failed. To be more specific the
best overall performance is the 1+1 protected of mix star and ring topology with cost of
241,275.00 and utilization of 84.93% and total capacity of 3,264.00.
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Osman Conclusion
In this project, we focus on the demonstrating of the OPNET tools rather than the quality of the
network. I put high traffic over these scenarios intentionally. So, we can observe important
parameters and results.
If we would like to build a great optical network, we will come up with more details and factors
that close to the reality.
To sum up, the OPNET SP GURU Transport Planner 17.0 is such great software that has the
powerful tools. During this project we have learned significant facilities and features that can
help in near future.
References
1- http://www.cs.tut.fi/kurssit/TLT-2707/lecture12.pdf
2- http://www.rit.edu/cast/ectet/Opnet/OpnetProjects.html
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