viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
1.0
2.0
TITLE
PAGE
DECLARATION
ii
DEDICATION
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
iv
ABSTRAK
v
ABSTRACT
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
LIST OF TABLES
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
xiv
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xix
LIST OF SYMBOLS
xxi
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem statement
1.2 Objective
1.3 Scope of work
1
2
3
LITERITURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 DC to AC converter
2.2.1 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
2.2.2 Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
2.3 Fundamental of Control System
2.4 Steady State Error
2.5 Previous Controller and their problems
4
5
8
12
13
18
18
viii
3.0
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Dynamic Evolution Control
3.2 Design of controller
3.2.1 Mathematical modeling
3.3 Duty Cycle
3.4 Design Parameters
3.4.1
References Voltages
3.4.2
State error Function
3.4.3
Others Parameters
3.5 Simulation Process
3.5.1 Circuit Construction
23
23
27
27
31
33
34
35
36
37
38
4.0
SIMULATIONS, RESULT AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Output of PWM circuit
4.2 Result and Analysis on Inverter Performance
4.2.1
Full Load and No Load
4.2.2
Small and Large Signal Disturbance
4.3 Finite Fourier Transform (FFT) Analysis
45
46
48
49
51
53
5.0
CONCLUSION
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Problem Occur
5.3 Further Recommendation
5.4 Conclusion
57
57
58
59
60
REFERENCES
62
viii
xii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE
1
Transition of switches in an inverter
6
2
Value of parameters
37
3
Block construction for each part of control law
40
4
PWM block construction
70
xiv
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO.
TITLE
PAGE
1.1
Circuit Diagram of Inverter
6
1.2
Single Phase Inverter with Dynamic Evolution Controller
7
1.3
Concept of PWM signal generation
9
1.4
The sampling process of PWM signal
9
1.5
Unipolar PWM switching scheme
10
1.6
Bipolar PWM switching scheme
10
1.7
Fundamental of control system description
14
1.8
Basic open loop system
16
1.9
Basic closed loop system
17
2.0
PID controller block
20
3.1
Dynamic Evolution Path
24
3.2
Circuit of Dynamic Evolution Controller for single phase
inverter in MATLAB SIMULINK
43
3.3
Subsystem circuit of Dynamic Evolution Controller for
Single Phase Inverter in MATLAB SIMULINK
44
4.1
Setting of triangular waveforms
46
4.2
Triangular waveform
47
4.3
PWM switching signal
47
4.4
Inversion output waveform of inverter
48
4.5
Steady state performance in no load condition
50
xiv
FIGURE NO.
TITLE
PAGE
4.6
Steady state performance in full load condition
4.7
Performance of proposed controller when subjected to small 51
load disturbance
4.8
Performance of proposed controller when subjected to
large load disturbance for output voltage side
52
4.9
Output current when subjected to sudden large load
disturbance
53
5.0
THD under full load condition
54
5.1
THD under no load condition
55
5.2
THD under large load condition
55
5.3
THD under small load condition
56
50
xix
LIST OF SYMBOLS
Ω
-
Ohm
m
-
mili
h
-
Henry
µ
-
micro
∞
-
infinity
α
-
duty cycle
xix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
PWM
-
Pulse Width Modulation
THD
-
Total Harmonic Distortion