CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of Project
Global and nationwide rules have attractive dramatically increase simple
regarding the value for the surroundings, thus also quantity for contaminants
depleting in terms of kinetic energy to waste water rivers as of changed procedure
experiment [3].
In water treatment, wastewater is decontaminated by a genetic process or a
chemical technique and these techniques have some problems due to degeneracy of
time and cost for the treatment, the requirement of large facilities and being of some
contaminants that are not easily vanished [4]. The essential for typical energy
effective technique to making of extremely oversensitive temporary types has been
interested investigation on the application of high voltage electrical liberation in
liquid decontamination. Currently, water treatment using ozone is being used at some
capitals as new treatment technique of biological mixtures in water, for the reason
that ozone has strong oxidizing influence. It is effective for decomposition of
insistent biological complexes in water. Furthermore, it has power for deodorization
and purification. Nonetheless, this process takes some difficulties. In this system,
ozone is produced by an ozonized. Then the ozone is elated to treatment chamber
comprising wastewater by an air push. The one delinquent is that the treatment
cannot usage a share of produced ozone for water behavior since a part of the
generated ozone is spoiled. Additional difficult is that the treatment cannot use extra
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produces making in the ozonized, for example OH radical, O radical and ultraviolet
ray [5]. Water treatment approaches by pulsed power technology can answer those
harms. Now one of these ways, discharge is produced in water. Thereby OH radical,
ozone and ultraviolet can be produced in water. Furthermore, shockwave as well can
be produced in water. Since OH radical has mostly tougher dissolving power than
ozone, the discharge in water can spoil biological mixtures in water more efficiently
than the ozone treatment. However the discharge in water requirements to use a large
pulsed power generator in a capability, because the breakdown voltage of water is
greater than that of air. Furthermore, it is problematic that streamer discharge is
produced consistently in water [6].
Biological colors are used in numerous manufacturing, alike fabrics; paper,
elastic, leather, toner etc. They characterize a significant foundation of ecological
contamination. Meanwhile these mixtures are extremely solvable in water, they can
be elated over large distances when they are discharged in torrents and rivers [7].
Biological colors might reason harm to the alive bacteria by discontinuing the reoxygenation ability of water and furthermore obstructive sunshine, in that way
alarming the natural growing action of water lifetime .On behalf of the elimination of
color contaminants, old-style physical procedures can normally be used
professionally, conversely they are non-destructive, subsequently they just transfer
the contaminant from watery to compact phase, thus causing subordinate
contamination [2].
The greatest well-known performance used is founded on organic approaches. The
most important key assistances for the organic action procedures has it is own little
price. It is comprehensively besides efficiently for the action of civic wastewater
besides
particular
manufacturing
wastes.
Nevertheless,
notwithstanding
developments in bio, organic schemes have incapable toward eliminate efficiently
numerous
modules
of
impurities,
including
many
poisonous
complexes.
Additionally, these procedures have a habit of having very huge because toward the
relaxed amount for the organic responses. Bodily behavior methods normally one
discrete the wastewater after whichever through a provision organization before
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through transporting all to added phase and shall not include biological changes of
contaminants [2].
1.2
Problem Statements
Particular contaminant insist to old-style systems of wastewater treatment
approximately categorized as organic, physical and biochemical organizations
likewise the greatest broadly used technique for bacteriological decontamination of
water is chlorination. By using chlorine as a decontamination instrument, damaging
secondary cancer-causing decontamination by-products can be shaped. This is
principally correct uncertainty the water surrounds biological combinations
furthermore particular mixtures similar chlorine and ammonia that had not been
capable to decompose by old-style technique or it was expensive to decompose [4].
The water contamination is a delinquent needed be resolved in recent years. Now the
treatment of waste water, scratches of extra sludge, decomposition of compounds
whose rottenness is tough, purification of microbes which origin infection, advanced
efficacy and worse energy depletion are being required. Current main systems for the
treatment of waste water are an organic technique or a biochemical technique.
Nevertheless these procedures have subsequent difficulties. Services are too bulky. It
grosses period and charge. Particular contaminants that are not easily decomposed
have seemed. Considerable sludge and damaging by-products are produced.
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1.3
Objectives
1. To improve wastewater treatment system and the reactor to acquire gas-liquid
phase reactor
2. Design a frequency controller to be used with Blumlein pulse power generator.
1.4
Scope of Research Project
In order to achieve the objectives of this project, there are several scopes that
have been outline. The scope of this project included:
1. The characteristic of Blumlein pulse generator and its role on variable frequency.
2. The projects just focus in two subsystem; pulse generator and chamber system.
3. There are two critical point observed; variable frequency pulse power and
wastewater treatments.
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1.5
Outline of Thesis
This thesis consists of the five chapters. Their contents are as following:
Chapter 1 explains briefly about the idea of objectives and scope of this project as
long as the summery of the project.
Chapter 2 will discuss more on theory and literature reviews about the application of
high voltage electric pulses and the gas, liquid and gas-liquid treatment system.
Chapter 3, the discussion will be on the experiments arrangement including the
instrument that was needed in project. Beside, this chapter will present the design
and construction of the laboratory-size prototype of treatment chamber and a double
Blumlein pulse generator.
Chapter 4 explains and discuss about the results which obtain during experiment.
Chapter 5 will discuss the fruitful results and also the recommendation of this
project.