COLONIAL
REPORTS—ANNUAL.
No. 692.
EAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE.
REPORT
FOE
1907-8;
with Returns of Concessions granted for the period 1st January, 1908,
to 30th June, 1908.
(For Report for 1906-7, see No. 557.)
$re0tnttb to both
Woima oi ^Parliament fcjj ©ommanb of
Jftajestp
December, 1908.
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1908.
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CONTENTS.
; I.,
1?INAK01A*L . . .
/
II.
TRADE, AGRICULTURE, AND INDUSTRIES
•»*
...
III.
LEGISLATION
IV.
ECCLESIASTICAL STATISTICS AND EDUCATION
V.
VI.
VIL
VIII.
IX.
...
...
...
GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
...
JUDICIAL STATISTICS
VITAL STATISTICS
POST AND TELEGRAPHS
,
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS . . .
ArPENDrx: RETURN O* CONCESSIONS . . .
BAST
kitttCA
PROTECTORATE,
1007-8.
3
No. 592.
EAST AFRICA
PROTECTORATE.
( f o r fteport for 1906-7, see No. 557.)
T H E L I E U T . - G O V E R N O R TO T H E SECRETARY OF S T A T E .
Governor's Office, Nairobi,
October 20th, 1908.
M Y LORD,
I
HAVE
the honbur to transiinit herewith in duplicate
the Blub Book for the year ending the 31st of March, 19*08,
together with the Annual tteport for the same period.
I have, & c ,
P. J. JACKSON
(In the absence of H E . the Governor).
H.M. Principal Secretary of State
for the Colonies,
1125
Wt 25928
12/08
D &S
6 34226
,4
.COLONIAL R E P O R T S — A N N U A L . ,
ANNUAL REPORT ON T H E 'EAST AFRICA
PROTECTORATE FOR 1007-8.
L—FINANCIAL.
The estimated revenue for the year ended March 31st, 1908,
was £647,392, and the actual revenue collected was £4?4,760,
exclusive of a grant-in-aid of £162,975 and of a special grant
of £40,000 for expenditure in connection with the abolition
of slavery.
This shows an increase of £13,397 over the
revenue collected in 1906-7, which, exclusive of a Parliamen­
tary Grant of £164,000, was £461,362.
The following table shows the comparative detailed state­
ment of revenue for the years 1906-7 and 1907-8: —
Amount
collected
in the year
1906-7.
Amount
collected
in the year
1907-8.
A5 s, d,
£
s. d.
164,000 0 0 152,975 0 0
40,000 0 0
-
Special grant for the abolition of
slavery.
164,000 0 0 192,975 0 0
Total grants
,
81^.03 13 0 78,717 6 0
Customs
..
..
..
..
..
539 8 0
666 12 8
Port, harbour, wharf, and lighthouse
dues.
83,200 19 1
99,890 16 4
Licences, excise, and internal revenue
not otherwise classified.
10,703 1 3 20,425 1 5
Fees of Court or office, payments for
specific services, and reimburse­
ment in aid.
16,734 1 10
18,381 13 8
Post Office and telegraphs
231,376 1 1 228,019 18 11
Government railways
10,991 13 4
9,573 1 9
Rents . .
..
»•
..
1,825 1 2
561 12 6
Interest
8,720 4 1
15,866 6 1
Miscellaneous receipts
3,974 4 5
1,363 17 0
Sale of Government property
Total exclusive of land sales . .
Total
Total exclusive of grant
..
..
Decrease.
Increase.
£
s. d.
11,025 0 0
40,000~0 0
40,000 0 0
11,025 0 0
2,685 7 0
127 4 8
16,689 17 3
722 0 2
2,647 11 10
4,76?" 2 2
1,418 11 7
1,263 8 8
7,146*2
s.eioT 7 5
0
621,493 11 11 664,914 1 8
2,820 9 11
3,889 2 9
67,205 11 3 23,785 1 0
1,048 12 10
825382 14' 8 667,734 11 7
67,205 11 3 24£33~14~
481,362 14 8
27,206 11 3 13,808 14 4
474,759 11 7
The most gratifying increase is that of £16,690 in the
amount of licences and taxes collected, of which the hut tax
is responsible for £16,228, an excess of £3,298 over the Esti­
mate ; this is due to the spread of administrative control and
the development of hitherto unknown districts rendered
possible by an increase in the staff.
There can be no doubt
that fthfe »tax will continue to increase the more the country
is opened up.
ISAST
A
6
ill O A m&rmWilAfiSiy 1007-8.
The Post Office revenue is greater by £2,648 than in the
previous year.
This may be ascribed to the sale of new
stamps to dealers, and to an increase in tlie telegraph revenue.
Miscellaneous receipts show an advance of £7,146, caused
by the sale of confiscated ivory and the recovery from the
Zanzibar Government of arrears amounting to £5,250 in con­
nection with contributions on behalf of the military.
It must be confessed, however, that on the whole the year
has been a disappointing one. The failure of the rains in the
lake district, and the general depression of trade throughout
the Protectorate, owing to a long and general drought, were
responsible for a falling off of £2,585 and £4,755 in Customs
receipts and Uganda Railway earnings, respectively, which
otherwise wou?d have been expected to -show an increase.
A decrease of £1,419 in the receipts from rents is more
apparent than real, as the figures for 1906-7 included arrears
of revenue amounting to £5,169.
The same remark applies
to the decrease under sales of Government property, due to
the transfer of wood* and forests to the .schedule for Rents.
Land sales contributed £1,049 less than in the previous
year, owing to the policy of leasing rather than alienating
land.
The following table shows the comparative detailed state­
ment of expenditure for the years 1906-7 and 1907-8: —•
Expenditure.
Heads of Expenditure.
1907-8.
1906-7.
Rent and Interest to H . H . the Sultan ...
Pensions
His Excellency the Governor
Senior Commissioner and Secretariat
Official Gazette and Printing and Stationery
Provincial Administration
.
Treasury
...
...
Customs Department
°Port and Marine Departments ...
...
Audit Department . . .
...
Legal Departments
...
„ Sped! .Expenditure ...
Police...
...
...
...
...
...
Prisons
Medical Departments
Carried forward
...
17,000
1,349
2,691
5,425
s. d.
0 0
11 9
15 10
4 6
34,407 12 4
5,522 12 10
8,994 18 4
11,808 6 11
2,104 9 9
8,030 0 9
37,072 6
7,012 18
8,789 7
150,209
5
7
1
4
0
«. d.
17,000
438
4,471
4,229
5,145
54,163
7,044
10,751
10,732
2,142
10,627
132
46,515
8,861
11,487
0 0
9 3
3 8
19 8
0 2
7 10
15 8
16 4
3 10
12 2
15 10
4 8
17 4
18 1
7 4
193,744 11 10
° Port and Marine Special Expenditure for 1906-7 was £2,639 19a. SW.
ft
COLONIAL BEPOBT6—ANNUAL.
Expenditure.
Heads of Expenditure.
1907-8.
Brought forward , . .
...
Hospitals and Dispensaries
„
Special Expenditure
Education
...
...
...
...
Transport
...
...
...
...
Military Expenditure
„
Special Expenditure
...
Miscellaneous Services
...
Bombay Agency
Post Office and Telegraphs.
,. Special Expenditure . . .
Railway Department
„
Special Expenditure
Agricultural Department . . .
Forestry and Scientific Departments
Veterinary Department
„
Special Expenditure . . .
Immigration Department
Survey Department...
...
„
Special Expenditure
•Land Office . . .
...
...
...
Publio Works Department
,,
,,
Recurrent
„
,,
Extraordinary
Nandi Expedition
Special Expenditure.
Abolition of Slavery
Famine Relief
£
8.
150,209 5
4,812 5
68
28,662
70,604
1,790
5,528
893
15,616
3,137
162,536
31,619
7,512
3,871
3,372
1,985
688
15,104
4,012
4,451
12,655
22,732
62,756
1,481
d.
0
4
0 7
J Jl
8 11
14 9
8 0
14 6
2 10
18
10
16
1
0
6 9
2 2
9
19
9
6
3
2
5
1
86 18
4
616,088 13 11
Total
£
8.
d.
193,744
7,687
421
963
2,525
51,122
393
2,943
797
20,707
813
158,112
37,421
9,710
11,397
6,737
6,867
382
19,473
1,127
4,855
16,026
27,912
92,582
11
6
0
4
8
15
2
4
5
19
12
17
19
10
7
1
10
3
16
19
3
8
10
3
10
0
11
5
0
9
10
0
2
4
10
5
9
0
9
10
10
3
8
10
8
3
11
0
15,251
938
2,760
4
4
4
8
4
1
691,676 17
4
* Land Office Special Expenditure for 1906-7 was £1,451 0*. bd.
The total expenditure for the year 1907-8, including
Uganda Railway expenditure of £196,534 17$. 2d., amounted
to £691,676 175. Ad., or an excess of £76,588 3*. bd. over the,
previous year.
r
Transport charges w ere voted departmentally, and conse­
quently show a reduction of £26,137; this sum is distributed
among the various departments.
The only other decrease
worthy oi noticg is £19,482 on the military expenditure, due to
a reduction in the number of troops stationed in the Protec­
torate.
The additions to the staff which, as has been stated, are
responsible for the enhanced revenue, must of necessity also
lead to a larger expenditure, and provincial administration
accordingly shows an increase of £19,766.
BAST A t WO A PBOXEOTOBATB, 1907-8,
1
The cost of the maintenance of the police exceeded that i>f
the previous year by £9,443; this was partly due to the
employment of a number of European police constables.
The Uganda Railway, while showing a falling off of £4,423
on account of slackness and depression of trade, shows ah
increased special expenditure of £5,802 on construction work
and re-alignments.
The Forestry and Agricultural Departments, whieh were
re-organised with larger staff, have incurred larger expendi­
ture by £7,626 and £2,198, respectively.
The necessity for combating diseases of stock, particularly
East Coast fever, caused an increase in the special expenditure
of the Veterinary Department of £3,822, and special expendi­
ture of £16,500 for the purchase of wire for fencing* was
sanctioned.
The additions to the staff of the Survey Department were
responsible for an increase of £4,368.
The Public Works Department exceeded the expenditure
of 1906-7 by £37,377 10s. 9d.
This can be ascribed to the
necessity for more buildings and roads in view of the advance _
of administrative control and the establishment of new
stations, and to the growing needs of the towns and stations
already in existence.
The totals of the Protectorate revenue and expenditure for
the las * five years exclusive of Parliamentary Grants were as
follows: —
Year.
1903-4
1904-5
1905-6
1906-T
1907-8
..
..
..
. ..
..
Revenue.
£
s. d.
108,856 19 3
154,756 1 1
270,362 3 5
461,362 14 8
474,759 11 7
Expenditure.
.
£
s. d.
418,877 0. 3
302,559 12' 9
418,839 3 10:
616,088 13 11
691,676-17 4
The hut tax is the only direct tax levied in the Protectorate.
The amount collected in 1907-8 was £77,561, as against
£61,333 in the previous year.
This gratifying increase, as stated in previous reports, is
due in a very large measure to the extension of administrative
control and the opening up of hitherto unknown districts.
These remarks especially apply to the Kisuinu and Kenya
Provinces, where there is, however, still ample room for fuiv
ther development.
With the increase of the administrative
staff, future years should show a continued improvement in
the sums realised from this tax.
.
f
6
COLO^IAL
Rterbttf s^AtftftUL
v
The surplus of assets over liabilities on March 31st
1908, was
...
...£201,765
From this must be deducted: —
Sanctioned in aid of expenditure, 1908-9 ... £23,314
Remanet expenditure on Estimates re-voted: —
\
Kilindim Pier Works .'
£36,585
Railway Surveys
...
...
6,000
Removal of Treasury and Audit
Offices to Nairobi
...
...
10^)00
New Gaol ...
...
3,000
...
2,000
General Post Oflice, Nairobi
Nairobi Drainage Scheme
...
16,000
Houses for Survey Department..,
800
Special Vote for Abolition of
Slavery ...
...
...
...
34,000£108,885
Additional Remanet Expenditure, which
would have been re-voted if the position
had been foreseen
...
...
24,299 156,498
Balance available to be placed at interest
£46,267
The Protectorate has no Public Debt.
CURRENCY.
The subsidiary coinage provided for under the East Africa
Currency Order in Council, 1905, was circulated during the
year, and the silver 50 and 25 cent pieces were in great de­
mand, there being Rs.60,000 worth of the former and Rs.45,000
of the latter in circulation on March 31st, 1908. The 10 cent
and 1 cent pieces cannot be said to have been an unqualified
success.
The former, of which Rs.39,200 worth were in use
on March 31st, are too like the silver rupee, and lend them­
selves easily to fraud.
The latter, of which Rs.49,200 worth
were circulated, were found to corrode on the coast, prbbably
owing to the damp salt atmosphere.
Steps are being taken
to replace them by coins of another metal.
The chief reason, however, of the unpopularity of these
coins is that, owing to delay in minting, it has been found
impossible to withdraw the copper pice,-and the existence of
the two coins side »by side naturally causes confusion to the
native mind. ' The amount of copper pice in circulation, was
Rs.361,335, and this figure has decreased since the end of the
year.
The total value of currency notes in circulation on March
31st, 1908, was £117,433, as compared with £106,333 at the
end of the previous year.
(
fcAS'I* AFRICA £fcOU l$CTOtaAi*E,
' 1907-8.
BANK.
The only bank doing business in the Protectorate is the
National 'Bank of India, Limited, established under the
authority of the Companies 'Acts, which has branches at
Mombasa and Nairobi.
It has a subscribed capital of
£1,600,000, ia paid-up capital of £800,000, and a reserve fund
of £600,000.
MUNICIPALITIES.
Nairobi and Kisumu are the only two Municipalities in the
East Africa Protectorate; the existence of treaty rights still
prevents the creation of Municipalities on the coast strip.
The revenue of the Nairobi Municipality was Rs.78,953,
including a grant of Rs.5,000 for the Nairobi fire engine, as
against Rs.58,742 in the previous year, and the expenditure
Rs.57,457, as compared with Rs.48,257.
The Kisumu Municipality showed a revenue, including a
Government grant of £400, of Rs.l9 ,745, an excess of Rs.4,313
over 1906-7, and an expenditure of Rs.19,745, or an increase of
Rs.5,336.
,
II.—TRADE, AGRICULTURE, AND INDUSTRIES.
IMPORTS A N D E X P O R T S .
*
The annual value of the Protectorate trade for the last five
years is given in the following table : —
1903-4
1904-5
1906-6
1906-7
1907-8
Year.
Imports.
£
£
...
...
„
436,947
518,143
672,360
753,647
799,717
159,815
234,664
332,838
440,705
515,052
...
...
Exports.
Total.
£
596,762
752,807
1,005,198
1,194,352
1,314,769
The above figures do not include importations on behalf of
the East Africa or Uganda Administrations or for the con­
struction and maintenance of the Uganda Railway, of specie or
goods in transit.
Including these (figures the total imports
for the year in question amounted to:—
.
Year.
Amount.
£
1903-4
1904-5
1905-6
1906-7
1907-8
...
. .
...
...
..«
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
604,367
...
741,785
v..
974,402
... 1,226,649
• ... 1,251,027
'
;
10
COLONIAL R3BPOBT8-T-ANNUAL.
Comparing the principal articles imported in 1907-8 with
those of 1906-7, the following points are worthy of atten­
tion : —
Apparel, furniture and provisions show increases of £11,365,
£6,640, and £8,191 respectively.
These are due to the in­
creased demand caused by the large number of Europeans
coming into the country.
The value of grain imported, has
advanced by £2-1,672, which may be put down partly to the
failure of the local crops and partly to the fact that as the
natives are called on more and more to work further from
their plantations, they tend to stop cultivating* and the de­
mand for imported grains increases.
An increase of £8,126
in sugar is due to its greater consumption by the natives, and
the same reason accounts for an advance of £3,591 in tobaoco.
An item which calls for special mention is the larger quantity
of spirits imported, to the value of £5,857.
This was
due to the importation of large quantities in anticipation of
the proposed increase of duty—but it is noteworthy that
though the amount has almost doubled, the value has only
risen by some £5,000. This points to iiiferior quality.
A
temporary falling off in revenue may be anticipated as a rebuilt
of this overstocking.
Timber and building materials show decreases respectively
of £13,560 and £6,307, the former due to the greater use now
made of local timber, and the latter to overstocking of cement
and other materials owing to, the low prices thftt prevailed.
Machinery, which is imported free of duty, has advanced in
value >by £13,868.
The increase of £1,404 in the value of
seeds and plants is gratifying.
Cotton goods show a decrease of £31,244 which is accounted
for by the general trade depression and the falling off in the
demand owing to lack of money.
Other small decreases may be ascribed to fluctuations of,
trade.
*
As regards expoHs the increases which deserve mention jjre
fibre, which has advanced from £491 to £2,590, owing to the
more thorough working of the'concessions, and gold, of which
£29,883 worth was shipped as against £1,600-last year.
A
shipment of £28,000 from the Congo Free State was respori>
sible for this increase.
A noteworthy point is the large increase of £30,017 in the
value of beeswax and of £14,133 in the value of hides ex­
ported from German East Africa, as compared with increases
of only £3,277 and £1,520 in the export of the same com­
modities from British East Africa.
The export of mangrove bark and borities would appear to
have reached the^t maximum.
BAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE,
1907-8.
11
The value of potatoes exported is lower by £1,574, due to
less demand from South Africa.
Rubber too shows an unsatisfactory falling off of some
£6,600.
The total value of the Protectorate trade for the year
amounted to £1,766,079, a satisfactory increase of £1,000,000
in the last five years, but it must be admitted that a large
proportion of this is merely carrying trade on the Uganda
Railway of goods in transit to and from German East Africa.
The export trade from German East Africa amounted to
£173,236, as against £157,097 exported from this Protectorate,
having increased since 1903-4 by some £165,000. The ques­
tion seems worthy of consideration as to whether the rigid
enforcement of game regulations and the imposition of export
duties do not tend to divert the trade of the Protectorate to
the neighbouring countries. This applies particularly to the
ivory trade, the value of ivory exported from British East
Africa showing a decrease of £6,680, w hile the exports from
Uganda, German East Africa, and the Congo all shbw more
or less considerable increases.
This points to the existence
of smuggling, and it is a question whether, in the absence of
a strong preventive service, which the expense and difficulty
render out of the question at present, it would not be better
to remove the restrictions altogether.
It is satisfactory to
note that while imports from the United Kingdom and British
possessions show increases in value of £22,189 and £14,585
respectively, those from, foreign countries are less by £2,464.
r
The value of exports to the United Kingdom was nearly
double that of 1906-7, while exports to other countries only
exceeded the previous yea. by 17 per cent.
MINES, MANUFACTURES, AND FISHERIES.
The supposed diamonds discovered during the previous year
on the Thika River proved on examination at the Imperial
Institute to <be bipyramidal crystals of quartz.
The mining expert reported that the copper deposits near Tsavo
Railway Station were of too low a grade to be of any commer­
cial value, 'but that certain reefs about five to seven miles east
of the station showed up fairly well on the surface and might
repay sinking down, there being an abundance of water and
small scrub near by.
Near these reefs there is also an outcrop containing welldefined crystals of graphite, but not sufficient to prove of
commercial value.
In the Machakos district good marble has been found, and
specimens of mica from surface have been seen about 4 in. by
4 in. in size; t\e colour, however* was poor, and the sheeia did
not split evenly.
12
COLONIAL
REDOUTS—ANNUAL.
In South Kavhondo small colours of gold can he obtained
in most of the streams, and in the opinion of the mining
expert this tract of country and also the Kisii and Lurnbwa
districts are worth prospecting.
In the coastal belt, which is carboniferous, lignite has been
found, and a syndicate has been formed for the purpose of
working it, operations 'being suspended at present pending
the arrival of a diamond drill.
A new Mining Ordinance has been prepared in accordance
with the recommendations of the mining expert, and will
probably become law during the current year.
In conclusion, it may ibe said that certain districts of the
Protectorate are well worth investigating, but that consider­
able capital would be required to do this systematically.
Ceara rubber at Kibwezi is satisfactorily reported on, and
work has <been undertaken on rubber concessions in the Malindi
and Rabai districts, but it is as yet somewhat early to predict
the results.
Lime is found in Lusinga Island; in Lake Victoria, but
A brick factory has been estab­
in inconsiderable quantities.
lished at Maragoli, and has met with marked success, and
there is also a brick and tile establishment at Frere Town.
Saw-milk have been erected at Kainiosi and Elburgon.
Native manufactures in the coast districts include the pro­
duction of copra and coir, the extraction of vegetable oik,
the weaving of cloth, and the making of mats and (baskets.
Ice factories exist at Mombasa and Nairobi, and soda water
factories at Kisumu and Kismayu, as well as at the two former
places.
Considerable progress 1ms been made in the highlands in
the preparation of bacon for local use, as is evidenced by the
marked decrease in price.
There is a plentiful supply of excellent fish at all the coast
ports and in Lake Victoria, and consignments are regularly
sent from Mombasa to Nairobi.
EXPERIMENTAL
FARMS.
Nairobi.—The soil on the site originally chosen for the
Nairobi farm for the greater part overlies an ironstone forma­
tion, and is not only very variable in quality <but very uneven
in depth, and has in consequence been closed down as an
agricultural experimental station.
The farm has, however,
been retained for a Veterinary, Bacteriological, and an
Entomological Station.
The new site is some 1,260 acres in
extent, and in point of climate and soil is more representative
of the conditions appertaining in the G40-acre farm area;.
J
EAST A F R I C A PROTECTORATE,
1907-8.
13
It was not found possible during the year under review
to commence operations; since its expiry, how< ever, irrigation
works have been undertaken, and a considerable area has been
cleared and brought under cultivation. The farm is known
as the Kabete experimental farm, and is situated six miles
from Nairobi, on the old Kikuyu road.
Kilos.—The soil is of a porous nature, and owing to the low,
rainfall is quickly affected by drought. Expensive irrigation
works would be necessary to overcome this drawback. Gener­
ally speaking, the soil is fertile, 'hut a serious obstacle exists
to permanent cultivation in the violent hailstorms which occur
in the early part of the year.
Severe damage was done from this cause to the sisal plants
and to other crops which were planted late in the season.
The cultivation of ramie was tried, but is hardly to he
recommended, pending a cheaper process of decortication.
Potatoes can be successfully raised for local consumption,
and the prospects of fruits of various kinds are good.
On the whole it may be said that much useful experimental
work has been carried out during the year.
Meritini.—-This farm was moved during* the year to a more
accessible site near Mazeras in the vicinity of the railway.
The soil here is good, and so far the experiments carried out
have been satisfactory.
The existing plantations at Meritini are still maintained,
and the trees and plants have given encouraging results, and
should form a valuable source of supply for the new farm.
Naivasha.—The health of the stock has been uniformly
good, and the increase both in cattle and sheep has been very
satisfactory, taking into consideration the shortage of grass,
Imported bulls have drne good service during the year with
the native cows belonging to settlers, resulting in a marked
improvement in the 'breed.
A consignment of cattle from
South Africa is shortly expected, consisting of Friesland,
Shorthorn, and ordinary South African stock, which it is
hoped will prove immune to red water.
During the year 118
calves were born, of which onlv four died. The number of halfbred heifers now amounts to seven, and there are in addition
seven second-cross heifers and three hulls.
These all show a
decided improvement on the native stock, and everything
points to the complete success of the grading up of native
cattle.
Sheep may again be said to have met with very encouraging
results, and cross-breeding and grading experiments have
been successful.
In view of the importance of obtaining
hardiness before the introduction of a merino strain for wool
purposes, Welsh rams were used at the outset.
They are,
]4
COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.
however, poor wool producers, and a second cross is being
used.
An infectious scour (broke out in the autumn lambing
season, and was responsible for the death of some 10 per cent,
of the young lambs.
The*e was also an outbreak of wire worm among the spring
lamba after they were weaned.
Various remedies were tried,
and it i& hoped to clear the farm of this pest.
A consignment of wool sold in London was favourably
reported on and fetched satisfactory prices, especially so in
the case of the second-cross wool.
One Merino ewe produced 15 lbs. of wool.
The wool from
imported ewes shows no tendency to deteriorate, and the future
of wool production seems most promising.
The goats on the farm have shown a good increase; the
proposed importation of South African Angora rams was ren­
dered impossible on account of the duty of £100 imposed on
them.
The Berkshire and large black pigs have done well. It is
proposed to transfer all the pigs to the new farm in tbje neigh­
bourhood of Nairobi.
Owing to the dryness of the season poultry have not done
well.
t h e stock, to the number of 400 cattle and 3,000 small
stock, have been grazed on an area amounting to 1,000 acres
only.
FORESTS.
Much valuable work has been done in connection with the
Protectorate forests during the year, and measures have been
taken to prevent wanton destruction, damage by fire, and the
utilization of valuable timber for firewood.
The most important timbers in the Protectorate are yellowwood, cedar, sandal wood, and camphor; of these, although
the two latter are intrinsically the most valuable, the two
former are, on account of their general utility and abundance,
practically so,
The reproduction of the forest is ensured in two ways, by
assisting natural reproduction,'by means of judicious thinning,
and by planting trees from nurseries, which has been done
extensively with satisfactory results on the whole.
In forming nfew plantations it is necessary to remember that
in a country with so many varieties of climate, the species
must be adapted to the climate, and that the nurseries must
be furnished with an abundant water supply.
Nuraeries have been formed at Nairobi, Dagoretti, Londiani,
Muhoroni, in the Kenya Province, and other places.
EAST A F R I C A PROTECTORATE,
100.7-8.
15
Specimens of pencil cedar have been sent home for approval,
but it appears that the American wood is softer, and as long
as supplies of this are available, it will hold the market.
To find a paying market for East Africa timber, cheaper
and .easier means of transport are required.
It is hoped that in future the local timber will be more
widely used for building purposes than at present—that this
has not been done in the past is largely due to the difficulty
of obtaining supplies of well-seasoned timber.
The revenue of the Forest Department during the year and
the timber supplied to Government departments and chiefly to
the ttganda Railway, which requires three to four million
cubic feet yearly for fuel, represents a value of close upon
£13,000.
D I S E A S E S O F P L A N T S AND A N I M A L S .
The failure of the rainfall spoiled many of tire crops, and
the severe hailstorms ruined the sisal and some of the cotton at
the experimental farm at Kibos.
Much damage was done by beetles to the cocoanut planta­
tions, and a beetle pest attacked wheat experiments at Njoro,
though little harm was done.
There was a serious outbreak of East Coast fever during
the year, and it has been found very difficult to cope with this
disease or to control the movement of cattle.
A system of
permits has been introduced, and a considerable amount of
fencing has been done.
Thirteen outbreaks of pletiro-pnenmonia have been reported,
most of-which were in the neighbourhood of Nairobi.
There
is, however, reason to suppose that this disease is very wide­
spread throughout the Protectorate.
Inoculation has been
found to be unsatisfactory as a rule.
Rinderpest was reported in Jubaland, and although every­
thing possible was done to prevent its spreading, this disease
travelled down the coast and a further outbreak occurred in
Tanaland.
Cases have occurred of Texas fever, more especially among
imported cattle, of Mkebbe, of which but little is known at
present, and of trvpanosomiasis, where cattle have entered a
fly belt.
The year has been noteworthy on account of its immunity
from horse sickness. Cases have occurred of trypanosomiasis
among horses and mules, and of epizootic lymphangitis and
piroplasmosis among mules and donkeys.
Sheep have
suffered from nostril fly, with serious results to lambs, frdm
intestinal parasites, w d lung worms.
16
COLONIAL
REPORTS—ANNUAL.
Tick fever lias been the chief disease to affect dogs.
Several outbreaks of swine fever have occurred, and it has
been found necessary to slaughter the infected herds.
L A N D G R A N T S , V A L U E OP L A N D , A N D S Q U A T T I N G .
The land grants for the year 1907 are shown at 208, com­
prising a total acreage of 571,368, as compared with 209
and 292,741 acres for 1906, the number of applications being
apparently maintained, though with a largely increased
acreage,
This, however, is not the case. There was a considerable
falling off in the number of applications, and the figures shown
indicate the number of deeds actually issued, the large in­
crease in the survey staff enabling the arrears of previous
years to ibe worked off. The increased acreage is mainly due
to the number of fibre concessions granted,, which amounted
to no less than 214,400 acres.
—
Deeds
issued.
Agricul­
tural acres.
Grazing
acres,
Fibre.
Forest.
Total,
235,832
327,939
32,430
214,400
640
1,623
292,741
571,388
i
1906
1907
...
...
209
208
23,832
27,406
Attention is drawn to the fact that the past year has, owing
to the drought, been a bad one agriculturally, and that
several farmers with insufficient capital to tide them ever the
bad time have failed in consequence.
The Protectorate is at present suffering from a period of
depression, with the result that the inflated prices for land
have dropped to something like their true level.
From 4J700 to £1,000 is stated as the minimum with which a
settler may hope to succeed. Until, however, our industries
have been well established there is little opening for a man
without capital coming to the country in search of work.
The coast <belt is at the present time receiving considerable
attention, the prospects of cotton, rubber, and cocoanuts being
promising.
This area, however, suffers from the drawback
of an unhealthy climate, and residence for a prolonged period
without a change is inadvisable. In addition the allotment of
land is attended -with considerable difficulty, a large part of
the land being privately owned, and until the question of
ownership has been definitely decided it is practically im­
possible to allot land with a secure title.
#
The new Land Ordinance is under consideration, and will
shortly he introduced into the Legislative Council, ?
BAST A F R I C A PROTECTORATE,
1907-8.
17
SURVEY.
The reorganisation of this departmeht, alluded to in last
year's report, has now been carried out.
The Survey Department, as now constituted, is distinct from
the Land Office, and is divided into two sections, trigono­
metrical and cadastral, with a largely increased staff, and the
results of this arrangement as regards the output of w ork have
been most gratifying.
r
r
In the trigonometrical branch the area triangulated is
nearly five times as large as in the previous year, and in the
cadastral branch the total area surveyed amounts to $62,760
acres.
This area, though less by 7,507 acres than in the
previous year, actually denotes a considerably increased out­
put, very few large areas being included, whilst a large
number of applications for small farms and plots, were dealt
with.
The arrears in this branch have now heen reduced to man­
ageable proportions, due in a large degree to the fact that
there has .been a marked decrease in the number of applica­
tions for land.
Not included in the area surveyed by the cadastral branch
are 20 farms of 2,500 acres each in the Uasin Oishu plateau,
which have .been provisionally surveyed under the system of
rapid allotment.
This system, which was introduced during the year, has
proved a marked success. 110 farms were marked out in 31
days, and the rapid settlement of a tract of country, if free
from native or other complicated rights, can now be guaran­
teed.
The expenditure on survey during the year was £20,602,
as against £15,105 in the previous year.
The fees collected
amounted to £2,605.
SHIPPING.
The principal ports in the Protectorate are the two harbours
of Mombasa and Kilindini, lying respectively on the south
and north sides of Mombasa Island.
The latter is by far the
larger of the two and is used *by the bigger steamers; the
Mombasa harbour has a narrow entrance, and though more
conveniently situated owing to its proximity to the business
quarter of the town, can only be used for the smaller steamers
and dhows.
Progress has been made with the extensions to the wharf at
Kilindini, 'but was somewhat retarded by difficulties connected
with labour and European supervision, the necessity of work
in the heat of the sun being the cause of much sickness.
34226
B
18
COLONIAL R E P O R T S — A N N U A L .
The Protectorate is regularly visited by three steamship
companies, the British East Africa, whose steamers call once
a month on the outward journey only, the German East
Africa, which have a three-weekly, and the. Messageries
Maritimes, which have a monthly outward and homeward ser­
vice. The boats of the latter Company proceed to Mada­
gascar, hut do not visit the South African ports.
In addition to these steamers, there is a monthly cargo
service by the British India Steam Navigation Company.
This Company, «as well as the Deutsch Ost Afrika Line, also
maintains service with Bombay, and occasionally visits Lamu,
which place, as well as Wasin, Kilifi, Malindi, Kipini, and
Kismayu, is regularly served by the Protectorate s.s. " Juba."
The accompanying table shows the gross tonnage, the quan­
tity of cargo, and the number of passengers carried by these
steamship lines during the year ended March 31st, 1908.
Statement showing the number of steamers, gross tonnage,
quantity of cargo, and number of passengers landed and
shipped by the different lines of steamers entered in the Port
of Mombasa during the year ending 31st March, 1908: —
Landed.
Total
A
w
Passengers.
Natives.
Cargo.
'OSs To
«
i
1a
British East Africa Line, Europe.,
British India, Aden
British India, Bombay
British India, Europe
Deutsch Ost Afrika Line, Bombay
Deutsch Ost Afrika Line, Europe
Messageries Maritimes, Europe . .
Passengers.
If
Lines,
Shipped.
p
>
i
11
26
8
6
63
63
25
42,748
51,731
20.075
17,670
139,640
205,775
96,636
Tons.
17,883
12
63
2.618
47 1,011
494
8,471
22
8
6,161
210 3,209
6,317
9,146 1,086 1,068
480
400
180
674,182
44,995 1,905 6.284 i 23,887 1,147 5,290
m
Tons.
323
1,331
134
4
1,070
20,715
310
30
272
46
907
9
207
4
10
106 2,830
669
830
383
234
The total steam tonnage entered in the Protectorate ports
was 936,398 tons, represented by 447 steamers, a decrease on
the previous year of 37 vessels and 71,257 tons; this is mainly
due to the change in the German East Africa Line's service
from twice a month to <three-weekly.
The sailing vessel tonnage also shows a slight decrease on
the previous year's figures.
The leading marks for Kilindini harbour have been fitted
with lamps and hoisting apparatus, so that vessels will be able
to enter and leave at night time.
The Port Office revenue for the year amounted to «£2,42fi Jl*
t
19
MAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE, 1907-8.
III.—LEGISLATION.
f>
.
The Ordinances enacted during the year 1907-8 included tht
following: —
To amend the East Africa Police Ordinance, 1906.
To abolish the legal status of slavery in the Protectorate.
To authorize the issue of licences to ostrich farmers to col­
lect eggs and capture young birds.
To amend the Masters and Servants Ordinance, 1906.
, To make provision for the registration of brands for stocks.
To define the pow ers of the High Court.
To amend the Criminal Procedure Ordinance, 1906.
To make further provisions for regulating the manufacture
and sale of native intoxicating liquors.
To amend the Diseases of Animals Ordinance, 1906.
The following Orders in Ooxmcil were also promulgated: —
The East Africa Order in Council, 1906: —
To make provisions for the appointment of a Governor and
for the constitution of an Executive and a Legislative Council.
The Colonial Prisoners Removal Act, 1907: —
An Order in Council issued under the Prisoners Removal
Act, 1884.
r
IV.—ECCLESIASTICAL STATISTICS AND
EDUCATION.
The statement made in previous reports still holds good that
most of the natives in the interior are pagans, and even on
the coast it is only the higher-class Arabs who conform to all
strictly to the Mahommedan religion.
Thirteen Missionary Societies have established themselves,
and have stations in different parts of the Protectorate, at
most of which there are schools at w hich elementary instruc­
tion is given—the most useful secular work, which has only
lately been commenced, being industrial training.
The Church Missionary Society has a hospital on Mombasa
Island.
Medical work is carried on at dispensaries at xnost
of the up-country stations.
r
There are two European schools at Nairobi, a boarding
school at the Roman Catholic Mission, and a European day
school kept up by the Government. At the latter the aveyagi
attendance is 22 girls and 26 boys.
The total expenditure
for the year was £788.
84226
20
COLONIAL K B P O R T S — A N N U A L .
With the increase of the Eu/opean population the question
of the education of white children becomes an important one.
The problem is a difficult one on account of the distance of
many of the farms from Nairobi and the lack of means of
transport.
Many of the settlers, moreover, are not in the
position to pay the fees which a central boarding ischool
would require.
The whole question is under consideration,
and it is hoped that a school will shortly be started by pri­
vate enterprise with the assistance of the Government.
There is in addition an Indian day school, supported by
Government. The average attendance during the year was 50,
V._GOVEItNMENT INSTITUTIONS.
There are European Government hospitals at Mombasa and
Nairobi.
In the former the accommodation is ample for the
needs of the town, but the building is badly designed and in
urgent need of repairs.
It would probably be better to build
a new one on more modern lines than to spend any consider­
able sum on repairs.
The admissions in the year were 41,
of whom 26 were cured and 14 relieved, and one died, giving
a death rate of 2*4 per cent,, a marked decrease on the pre­
vious year.
The new European hospital at Nairobi, a spacious and
handsome building, was completed and opened after the close
of the year under report.
The admissions to the temporary
hospital during the year amounted to 77, of whom 5') Mere
cured, 17 relieved, and one died, or a death rate of 17 per
cent.,—also a decrease on the previous year.
There are 30 native hospitals and dispensaries in the Pro­
tectorate, and the returns at the three principal ones were as
follows: —
Kilindini.
Admissions
1,368
Deaths
60
Death-rate per cent.
43'8
Nairobi.
517
119
24-3
Kisumu.
485
113
24*7
At the Mombasa Gaol Hospital 286 patients were admitted,
of whom 12 'died—a death rate of 4*19 per cent.
At present native lunatics are confined in the gaol, and
Europeans kept under supervision until they can be sent to
Europe.
This system is not satisfactory.
A lunatic asylum is now under process of construction at
Nairobi, and will be completed shortly.
EAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE. 1907-8.
21
There are a considerable number of lepers in the coast dis­
tricts, As a temporary measure, two settlements, consisting of
grass huts, have been formed at Mkoiiumbi, in Tanaland, and
on the mainland south of Mombasa.
VI.—JUDICIAL STATISTICS.
The constitution of the police force on March 31st, 1908,
was as follows : —
1 Inspector-General.
1 Deputy Inspector-General.
1 Superintendent.
9 Assistant District Superintendents of Police.
14 Inspectors.
7 Sub-Inspectors.
1 Non-commissioned officer.
15 European constables.
6 Native Sub-Inspectors.
13 Native Assistant Sub-Inspectors.
1,888 Rank and file.
This force is posted at 29 stations, distributed among the
various provinces as follows: —
Seyidie
Ukamba
Kenya
Naivasha
Kisumu
Tanaland
Jubaland
381
504
218
300
56
83
The whole question of the reorganization of the Police is
under consideration.
The force cost £46,515 17*. id., as against £37,072 6*. Id.
in 1906-7.
The number of offences reported to the police or the magis­
trates during the year was 8,185.
The number for 1906-7 was 4,569.
Though there has been
a considerable increase in the judicial work, the figures are
somewhat misleading, inasmuch as the return for the previous
year was based on the number of casern and not of individuals.
The total now also includes all offenders tried under the
Masters and Servants Ordinance.
A noticeable fact is the
regrettably high percentage of convictions of Europeans.
COLONIAL &EI»Oft*8—ANKttAL.
The revenue lias decreased from Rs.122,091 to tts.108,322,
which is almost entirely accounted for by a large confiscation
of ivory to the value of Rs.13,000 in the previous year.
During the year under review the Courts Ordinance was
brought into force; it is too early yet to say how it will work.
The renunciation by the Treaty Powers of their right to exer­
cise exitra-territorial jurisdiction in the Sultan «of Zanzibar's
dominions has removed certain long-standing anomalies in the
coast area.
Since the completion of the year it has been decided to sever
our connection with Zanzibar in the matter of the Appellate
Court for Eastern Africa on the mainland, the former system
having proved most convenient in practice.
The number of prisons in the Protectorate is 28, but the
large majority of these are only lock-ups, in which it is
impossible to confine long-term prisoners.
The principal
prisons are at Mombasa, Nairobi, and Kisumu—European
prisoners are generally confined in the former, the accommo­
dation and structure of which have been improved during the
year, hut it is hoped, in view of the improvements and ad­
ditions which have been made in the Nairobi prison to be
able to utilise it for this purpose, situated as it is in a
healthier and cooler climate.
The total number of convicted prisoners committed to the
prisons in 1907-8 was 5,776, and the daily average 740*08.
Twenty-two prisoners escaped during the year, of whom
eight were re-captured.
The daily average in the prison hospitals was 55*61, and 45
deaths took place.
Prisoners are employed under the supervision of warders
outside the prisons in making roads, repairing buildings,
stone quarrying and carrying, cleaning the streets, wood
cutting, and clearing scrub and bush.
In some of the gaols,
notably Mombasa and Nairobi, a considerable amount of in­
dustrial and domestic work is carried out, e.g., making chairs,
baskets, mats, and coir matting and tailoring, chiefly consist­
ing ih the making of uniforms and prison clothing.
Vagrants are kept in custody until they have earned suffi­
cient to pay for their passage elsewhere.
A fund, known as the Distressed British Subjects Fund, is
subscribed locally to assist deserving cases of destitution.
The Protectorate prisons cost £8,200 during 1907-8, an
ititfrease of some £1,200' on the previous year's expenditure.
fcASf
AFRICA PftOTKCtOfcAtE, 1907-8.
V I L - V I T A L STA1TSTI0S.
As stated in previous reports, a censui* of the Protectorate
has never ibeen taken, and would indeed be impossible under
present conditions.
A very approximate estimate gives the
population of the Protectorate at 4,000,000.
The white population may be taken roughly* as 1,800,
including Government officials.
The registration of all deaths of Europeans, Americans, and
Indians throughout the Protectorate, and of all deaths includ­
ing natives in township areas, is compulsory under the
Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance.
The registration of native births, however, is optional, and
the number of deaths registered bears but a small proportion
to the number which occur, so that it is impossible in any way
to compare the figures as a test of the growth or decline of
the population.
The returns for 1907-8 were as follows:
Province.
Jubaland
Taualand
Seyidie
XJkamba
Naivasha
Kisumu
olenya
Births.
5
14
82
43
4
11
5
Total
164
Deaths.
63
138
668
300
35'
219
3
1,422
SLAVERY.
A bill to abolish the legal status of slavery in the East
Africa Protectorate was introduced in the Legislative Council
in September and passed into law on the 1st of October.
By this Ordinance the legal status of slavery is absolutely
abolished, but the master may claim compensation for
damages actually suffered under its provisions, and compensa­
tion up to Us. 100 may be awarded by the District Court, before
whom all such claims must be preferred.
Due provision is
made for preserving as far as possible the Arab domestic life,
but the inmates of a harem, though not included in the prov i s i t s of the Ordinance, have ample means of redress if sub­
jected to any harsh treatment.
XTp to the end <of March, 1908, that ds six months from the
institution of the Ordinance, 431 applications had been re#
'this figure does not include a considerable number of Boers who have
arrived since the end of tho year.
24
COLONIAL
ft&JPORt'S—ANNtfAL.
ceived, of which 243 have been settled, the total amount of
compensation paid being £449 18s. 6d.
A measure abolishing an institution which has existed from
time immemorial could naturally not be expected to be
popular, but the Arabs have known for some time that legis­
lation in this connection was imminent; no opposition has
been encountered, and the Ordinance is working smoothly.
CLIMATE AND PUBLIC H E A L T H .
The division of the Protectorate into three zones for the
purposes of climatic description is a convenient one, though it
must be understood that even within these sub-divisions there
are considerable ranges in temperature and rainfall, which
have a strong influence on the healthiness or unhealthiness
of the districts concerned.
1. The Coast.
The region described as the Coast may be held to include
a strip about 100 miles broad, extending from the AngloGerman frontier to the Juba lliver.
The rainfall is greatest
in the more southern districts at least in Jubaland. As a rule
the temperature, as indicated by the thermometer, is not exces­
sive, but owing to the moisture of the atmosphere the heat is
more trying to Europeans than would otherwise he expected.
In the Coast towns, however, during the monsoons a cool
•breeze blows constantly, and this is particularly the case
between May and November, when the south-west monsoon, is
prevalent.
The hottest season is in January, February, and
March, but the nights are generally fairly cool, except durin g
the lull between the two monsoons, when they are apt to be
very oppressive.
Most rain falls during April, May, June,
and November, but the seasons are somewhat variable and '
cannot ibe predicted with accuracy. The climate of the Coast
stations may be summed up as on the whole not unhealthy
for Europeans, but after a long residence it is apt to be ener­
vating, and a change is desirable from time to time.
Malaria
and other tropical illness are not frequent. In Jubaland the
climate is hot and dry and the sun powerful; but the nights
are cool.
It is not an unhealthy region except for nervous
diseases, which have been responsible for the invaliding of
several officers.
c
About ten or fifteen miles inland the scrub country begins,
and the heat, untempcred by the sea breezes, is less bearable.
The stations situated in this belt, such as Raibai and Voi, <o
not enjoy a good reputation lor health, malaria occurring with
some frequency.
The same may be said of the Valley of the
Tana, which is at certain seasons rendered almost intolerable
by the presence of swarms of mosquitoes.
EAST AtfRXOA JPftOTECTOBATE,
1907-8.
25
2. The Highlands.
The greater part of the interior of the East Africa Pro­
tectorate consists of ridges and plateaux, ranging from 4,000
to 9,000 feet in height, one peak {Mount Kenya) reaching an
altitude of 18,000 feet.
Though naturally the whole of this
upland country is not equally salubrious, it.tmay be safely
said that it is, generally speaking, exceedingly healthy. The
sun, as might reasonably -be expected so near to the Equator,
is powerful during the mid-day hours, but the air is brisk
and invigorating, the nights are cool, and 'Europeans are able
to exert themselves to an extent which would be impossible at
the Coast.
This part of the country is regarded as well
suited for colonization, and a large number of settlers have
made their homes in it. A striking proof of the excellence of
the climate is afforded by the healthy appearance of the
children who have been born and brought up in this region.
In fact, the only drawbacks appear to be a somewhat unduly
great daily range of temperature and a prevalence of strong
winds, which, in certain districts, are trying.
Some stations
such as Kitui and (Baringo, do not come up to the general
standard, but they really lie on the outskirts of the Highland
region.
3. The District round Lake Victoria.
The shores of Lake Victoria are comparatively low-lying,
and the heat consequently approaches and even exceeds that of
the coast.
Violent storms are frequent, and the climate is
probably less agreeable than in any other part of the Protec­
torate.
Malaria is common, and, if not carefully treated,
frequently leads to attacks of hlack-water fever. Mumias and
Kisumu have distinctly bad records in this respect, though an
improvement in the accommodation apd sanitary conditions of
the latter station has rendered it l e s 3 unhealthy.
HEALTH.
The public health during the year has been good, though
the number of admissions to hospital and deaths shows an
increase.
This is explained by the fact that the number of
Europeans in the country has increased, and that the natives
now come in greater numbers for treatment, which they are
beginning to appreciate.
Two deaths occurred among European officials, and four
were invalided.
The number of deaths among the total European population
was 19, or about nine per 1,000, a slight increase on previous
years; the prevalent ailments were malaria, diseases of the
26
COLONIAL R B P 0 H T 8 — A N N U A L .
digestive system, and skin diseases.
Three cases of enteric
fever occurred during the year among Europeans, and 13 cases
with five deaths among the total population.
This,disease,
though it has not appeared in epidemic form, is undoubtedly
on the increase, a proof of the unsatisfactory state of the
sanitation and the water supply of the (Protectorate.
The number of natives treated has increased enormously
with a corresponding decrease in the death rate which is
2 per cent, lower than in the previous year.
Tliis, as ex­
plained above, is due to the greater readiness shown to submit
to treatment at an earlier stage of the malady.
Sleeping sickness, though decreasing in North Kavirondo,
has been spreading in South Kavirondo, 45 per cent, of the
estimated population of 13,000 in an area of about 110 square
miles round the river Kuja being infected.
It is hoped to be able to remove the native population from
the infected areas, a step which should check the spread of
this fatal disease.
The Protectorate was entirely free from plague during the
year, though since its termination an outbreak has occurred
at Kisumu.
Malaria has been somewhat less prevalent,
especially at Kisumu; this may be ascribed to the abnormal
rise in the level of the Victoria Nyanza in 1906-7, referred to
in the report for that year, and to the fact of extensive re­
clamation of the foreshore of the lake having been carried
out. Syphilis is widespread and on the increase; the natives
show considerable reluctance to come for treatment until thfc
disease is far advanced.
Rheumatism is prevalent in the higher altitudes during and
after the rainy seasons.
The first case on record occurred of
spirillum or tick fever, in which the infection appears to have
been contracted in this Protectorate; it proved fatal to the
patient.
Diseases of the respiratory system showed a slight decrease,
and those of the digestive system a slight increase on the pre­
vious year.
Internal parasites accounted for a considerable number of
cases—indeed their absence is the exception rather than the
rule.
SANITATION.
The general sanitary condition of the Protectorate remains
much the same as previously reported; some progress in the
direction of sanitary improvements is indeed visible, but it is,
owing to the low state of civilisation of the natives and the
existence of large Indian communities, necessarily slow.
EAST Air&ICA frBOTECTOfeATtf, 1907-8.
27
The condition of Mombasa shows little material improve­
ment.
The crying need of the town is a good water supply;
under present conditions the w-ells cannot fail to become pol­
luted with disease as a natural consequence.
Bush-clearing has been maintained in the European quarter,
but much remains to be done in the native part of the town.
The conditions of all the old Arab coast towns are similar
to those of Mombasa.
In Nairobi Mr. Williams's scheme for i;he drainage of the
town was commenced, and there is no doubt that when it is
completed a marked improvement will be shown. The con­
servancy is under the control of the Municipality, and it is
hoped shortly to be in a position to flush the drains.
The
wa>ter supply is unsatisfactory .and insufficient. To remedy the
defect proposals are now under consideration, and it is hoped
that the necessary funds will <be forthcoming.
The lack of a
sufficient water supply is also responsible for the delay in
erecting a suitable jail and police lines and in moving the
native locations.
The sanitation of the Indian bazaar is capable of much
improvement, and steps are being taken in this direction.
Improvements have been maintained at Kisumu, and the
reclamation of part of the foreshore has had the effect of
diminishing the number of mosquitoes. A further extension
of the sea-wall, built in 1906, should cause an almost complete
disappearance of these insects from the European quarter of
the town.
The water supply, derived from the shallow and land-locked
bay, which is polluted by the lake steamers, is bad, and to this
is no doubt due the increase in the number of cases of dysen­
tery.
Boring operations were carried out with a view to obtain­
ing better water, but so far results have been of no value.
VIII.—POST AND TELEGRAPHS.
The East Africa and Uganda services are amalgamated.
The revenue from East Africa in 1907-8 was £16,313, and
the expenditure, including the sum of £1,341 for telegraph
construction and material, was £17,836—i.e., a deficit of £182
on the actual working of the Postal Department.
This com­
pares favourably with a deficit of £1,923 in the previous year.
28
COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.
The total transactions during the year including all letters,
post cards, newspapers, book packets, parcels and telegrams,
amounted to 2,02S,576, as against 1,759,188 in 1907.
During the year important changes were made in the rates
of foreign postage, and the unit of weight has been increased
to 1 oz. The change of the Protectorate coinage necessitated
a new issue of postage stamps.
The British India Steam Navigation Company receives a
subsidy of £9,000 per annum for carrying mails once a month
to and from Aden. This is not a charge against Protectorate
funds; mail transit dues are paid to the different administra­
tions by which the mail services are maintained.
The mail services cannot be said to be satisfactory, and
the want of a direct British service is much felt.
The number of money orders paid and issued in the Protec­
torate during 1907-8 was 29,102, amounting in value to
£164,688, showing an increase in numbers of 1,297 and in
* value of £10,981 on the previous year, when 27,805 orders
were paid and issued, valued at £153,707.
r
Inland money order transactions w ere mainly responsible
for this increase, India alone of all other countries showing
an advance.
The money order service has been improved during the year
by the provision of a direct exchange with German East
Africa.
There are 82 Post and Money Order Offices in the Protec­
torate, including 32 Post Office Agencies.
The number of Telegraph Offices is 62, including 40 Rail­
way Stations and five Telephone Stations.
The total mileage of telegraphs open for traffic in the Pro­
tectorate is 2,263, exclusive of the telephone system.
IX.—GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.
The most important event during the year was the estab­
lishment of Executive and Legislative Councils. The latter
was opened with all due formality in the month of September,
meetings of the Council were held almost monthly till the
close of the year, and much useful and important legislation
was enacted.
EAST A F R I C A PROTECTORATE,
1907-8,
29
Relations with the native tribes were on the whole friendly.
It was found necessary to send a small expedition against the
Kisii tribe, who had attacked and wounded the Government
official in charge of the station.
The expedition was of short
duration, and the country, which is very fertile, is now being
opened u p .
The Embo, whose punishment was reported last year, are
now perfectly peaceful, and two stations have been established
in this district, which have opened up a tract of very rich
country.
Steady progress has been made with the scheme for the
drainage of Nairobi.
Mining " booms " again occurred, but the mining expert was
unable to discover anything of workable value, though being
of opinion that certain districts w ould repay further pros­
pecting,
r
The visit of the Right Honourable Winston Churchill in
October was an event of great importance to East Africa.
He spent three weeks in the Protectorate, visited our institu­
tions in the towns, and made himself personally acquainted
with the working of the various departments and of the local
conditions, particularly as they affected European settlement
and the administration of the natives.
Time was found for a
short but interesting trip to the trans-Tana districts of the
Kenya Province.
The Protectorate was also visited by the German Colonial
Secretary, Herr Dernburg, and the Governors of German and
Italian East Africa.
PUBLIC
WORKS.
The expenditure on the public works of a new growing
country must of necessity be an increasing quantity, as de­
velopment advances and more buildings and consequently a
larger staff are required,
The expenditure for 1907-8 was
estimated at £148,405, of which £185,521 was actually spent
during the year.
This is an increase of £37,178 over the
previous year.
A sum of £4,525 was allowed for the construction of new
roads and bridges in the Protectorate and for the maintenance
and repairs of existing ones.
A considerable amount of work was carried through, though
much yet vemains to be done before the condition of the roads
and bridges can he considered satisfactory. The following is
30
COLONIAL
]'.'SPORTS—'ANNUAL.
a list showing the total mileage of the various roads, tracks,
and paths in the Protectorate:
Districts.
Miles.
Mackinnon and Sclater lloads—
Mombasa to Kedong Valley
Kedong Valley to Port Victoria
Nairobi to Fort Hall (road)
Lumbwa to Kericho
tKisumn to Mnmias
*Mombasa to Malindi
*Mombasa to Vanga
tVoi-Taveta Road ...
*Mkonumbi to Witu
tMalindi to Mambrui
tNairobi to Dagoretti
*Machakos to Kitui...
tMachakos Road Station to Machakos
tLondiani to Ravine
tNaivasha to Nyeri
tFort Hall to Nyeri
tNakuru to Baringo
tNakuru to Rumuruti
f Gilgil to Rumuruti
Nairobi Township Roads
fRumuruti to Baringo
Naivasha Station to west side of Lake
Kiambu-Limoru Road
Nairobi to Limoru Road ..
tFort Hall to Embu
*Fort Hall to Kabarabara's
*Fort Hall to Karori's
*Nyeri to Naivasha
*Nyeri to Rumuruti
*Nyori to Karori's ...
*Nyeri to Embu
350
240
60
23
48
60
50
75
22
10
9
45
22
22
45
30
90
67
65
24
42
17
19
19
30
16
30
40
45
40
40
RAILWAY.
The only railway in the Protectorate is the so-called IJga;nda
Railway, running from Mombasa to Port Florence, on the
shores of the Victoria Nyanza, a distance of 584 miles.
It is a metre gauge line, and the total cost up to March 31st,
1908, amounted to £5,456,760 13,9. 9cL The profit on the year
was £64,713, as against £76,763 in 1906-7;
These figures
may, however, still be considered satisfactory when the
general \tnfavourable conditions of the Protectorate and the
* Path.
|
Track,
E A S T A F R I C A PROTECTORATE, 1 9 0 7 - 8 .
31
failure of the rains in the lake districts are taken into account.
The lower receipts are portly accounted for by .considerable
reductions in fares.
The number of passengers carried was 255,700, as against
295,491 in the previous year, and 54,855 tons of goods were
carried as compared with 52,784 in 1906-7.
12,217 head of live stock carried compare favourably with
4,895 in 1906-7.
The receipts per train mile have decreased
from Rs.4'57 to Rs.4*33.
The receipts from goods traffic
have fallen by £16,914 5s, Ad.; the reasons for this have
already been stated.
The gross total tonnage carried was
2,071 tons in excess of the previous year, but a large propor­
tion of this was building-material and 'machinery—-ordinary
merchandise showed a falling off. It is gratifying to note an
increase of 500 tons in the amount of cotton exported.
Considerable progress has been made in the extension to the
wharf at Kilindini, to which reference has been made else­
where in this report.
It was hoped to finish it towards the
end of this year, but lack of labour and the difficulty, owing
to the trying nature of the work, of retaining satisfactory
European supervision have retarded the work, which can now*
scarcely be completed before the middle of 1909. When com­
plete it should provide ample accommodation for all cargo.
Realignments have been carried out, and all the 2 per cent,
gradients (between miles 44 and 62 have been removed. This
work has been done with the assistance of a number of inden­
tured Indian coolies.
The problem of the labour supply still continues to be a
difficulty, more especially in the districts near the coast, and
several contractors have been forced to give up their contracts
owing to lack of labour.
Good progress has been made with the Port Florence wharf,
but owing to the increase in the price of ironwork and creosoted
timber the cost will be more than was originally estimated.
The work should be completed shortly.
It is satisfactory to be able to record the low price of fuel,
the continued use of which is of paramount importance, and it
was found possible to maintain the supply at a lower cost.
No passengers were killed or injured during the year, and
minor accidents were of rare occurrence.
Engine failures
were much less frequent than in previous years.
MARINE.
1
The Lake fleet consisted of four steamer*?, but the year has
been a disappointing one owing, as stated above, to the failure
o f the
rains,
32
COLONIAL REPORTS—ANNUAL.
The earnings from the steamer service show an increase
over 1906-7 of some £1,820.
The future prospects may bo said to be more favourable,
though only a slight increase in traffic can be immediately
looked for.
Exports from the Lake arc unlikely to show .any advance
until the second year after the failure of the rains.
It appears probable that a future important article of export
will be wool, and a reduction in up-freights on imported
stock cannot be too strongly urged.
Cotton, fibre, pork,
ground-nuts, maize, and coffee are all more or less valuable
articles of export.
At present the traffic area is confined to a narrow belt on
each side of the railway, and it would be an undoubted advan­
tage both to the development of the Protectorate and to the
railway to make roads opening up the rich districts lying back
from the railway, of the existence of which there can be no
question.
The contemplated construction of a railway to Fort Hall,
which would tap the fertile country round Mount Kenya, is a
step in the right direction.
Attention has been drawn to the question of the extension of
the railway to Lake Albert, and a survey party is now in the
field. There is every reason to believe that such an extension
would, in a very few years, create a paying traffic.
E M I G R A T I O N A N D IMMIGRATION*.
The returns show that 1,395 Europeans and 4,005 Indians
landed in the Protectorate, and that 1,051 and 3,356 respec­
tively departed.
The Indian arrivals included 352 indentured coolies for the
Uganda Railway and Public Works Department, and the de­
partures 188.
A number of Boers have arrived in the country, and more
are expected.
GAME.
A slight increase in the number of sporting parties has
taken place during the year 1907-8, and on the whole good
bags have been made.
Though the greater
been taken up there
sport may be had.
during the year than
part of the country near the railway has
are still considerable areas where good
Sportsmen made bigger bags of lion
usual,
EAST AFfttfrA
PitOTMOtORATK,
15)07-8.
33
There has boon a satisfactory increase in the numbers of
eland, buffalo, giraffe, and ostriches.
This is also the case
with zebra and hartebeest, but as they do considerable damage
to fences and crops, this is not so satisfactory.
The drought of the previous year continued over the greater
part of the country, and garAe* has been very local.
For­
tunately most of the spots ^liere the animals congregated
were in the Southern Reserve and in out of the way districts.
In Jubaland game has suffered severely from rinderpest—
giraffe, lesser kudu, and pig being the species most affected.
On the Athi plains an outbreak of a so far unknown disease
took place amongst the'zebrayand ulso to a smaller extent
affected the hartebeest.
Amongst the hyaena and jackal a severe outbreak of dis­
temper caused very great decrease in numbers all over the
country.
Hunting dogs also appear to have suffered, as
they do not seem to be so numerous.
. R A T E S OF W A G E S .
The rate of wages has remained about the same as in the
previous year, but it is only to be.expected that they should
show a tendency to rise.
The cost of living has on the whole varied but little; the
prices of broad, coffee, tea, sugar, salt, and rice remain the
same; hutter has fallen about Id. a lb., and wine and beer are
cheaper.
Mutton can now be had for 3d. a lb., and pork has
decreased considerably in price owing to the establishment of
a local industry.
r
On the other hand milk, cheese, and beef have all advanced
slightly in cost.
Horses can now be obtained for a price ranging between
£30 and £40, as compared with the previous price of £ 5 0 ;
sheep and goats are also cheaper, and are sold for 65. 8d. and
5 5 . Ad. respectively.
Laundry works still remain expensive and destructive; a
good steam laundry would tmdoubtedly be a great advantage.
The labour supply may be said to be on a somewhat better
footing, but it still leaves something to he desired. Provincial
labour boards have been established, consisting of officials and
non-officials, to consider the best means of obtaining and regu­
lating labour, and it is hoped that their efforts may lead to
satisfactory results.
There is no doubt of the existence of a
plentiful labour supply—the difficulty is to induce the native
to vvork for any length of time and to devise means which
will minimise this difficulty, and at the cume time be satis­
factory to the employer and to the native.
31220
C
34
COLONIAL REPORTS*—ANNUAL;
The following table gives the average existing rates of
wages:—
Per annum.
Domestic servants
<£12 to 20
„
(juvenile) ...
...
6 ,, 12
Cooks (Goanese)
...
32
42
,
(Swahili)
16
25
Kitchen boys
...
...
4
—
Labourers (Coast)
...
8 ,, 12
(Interior)
... 3-5
6
Carpenters (Native)
12
20
„
(Indian)
•
48 „ 72
Painters ...
•••
••• 48 *~—
5
Labourers when working away from their homes receive an
additional food allowance varying from 6s. to 9$. a month;
and by Government regulations porters have to be supplied in
addition with blankets and water-bottles.
SOCIAL CONDITION OF T H E P E O P L E .
As administrative control spreads and hitherto unknown
districts are opened up and developed, native tribes, formerly
completely savage, come more and more in contact with Euro­
pean methods, and this is bound in the course of time to
create a demand for European products, which will, it is
hoped, induce them to work in order to obtain them.
Their growing confidence is evidenced bj their increasing
willingness to come for treatment to the Govei^ment hospitals.
The labour question still presents serious difficulties, but it
is hoped that the establishment of Provincial Labour Boards
will tend to a satisfactory solution of this problem.
On the whole the condition of the tribes may be said to have
been good, though, owing to the failure of the rains, scarcity
existed in ithe early part of the year in the Lake districts, and
drought was prevalent generally throughout the Protectorate.
The supply of food is now assured, since plentiful rains
have fallen.
A probable scarcity has been, reported since the end of the
year under review in the Kitui and (Machakos districts; mea­
sures have been taken to deal with it.
The abolition of the legal status of slavery in the Sultan of
Zanzibar's dominions on the mainland has removed a long­
standing reproach against British administration in East
Africa.
A considerable amount of work was done during the year
in settling claims for compensation. The measure is working
smoothly, and its introduction was not attended by untoward
EAST A F R I C A P R O T E C T O R A T E ;
1007-8.
circumstances, but it is obvious that the abolition of an insti­
tution which has existed for centuries could not be looked upon
with favour by the Arab community. It says a good deal for
their loyalty and good sense that such a radical change in
their social life was introduced as quietly as it was.
EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT,
The year 1907-8 has not been an altogether satisfactory one
as regards European settlement, owing to (financial depression,
with a shortage of crops resulting from the drought in the
agricultural districts and the prevalence of East Coast fever.
Other reasons, too, tended to check for a time the inflow of
capital.
Mr' y of the smaller farmers were unable to develop
their farms except ?to a, limited extent; a number who started
without sufficient means, and often withoxit agricultural ex-*
perience, were unable to hold on, and there are now a number
of farms unoccupied.
On the other hand in some of the larger estates a good deal
of development has taken place, especially in the growing of
such products as coffee, cereals, and leguminous crops; as also
in the development of fibre and rubber plantations and the
inauguration of the cotton industry.
It' may now fairly be
said that, despite the prevalence of stock diseases, with which
the Veterinary Department is dealing energetically, the future
of farming with graded stock, both cattle and sheep, is assured
over large areas of the Highlands, and the sueoess obtained
in the rearing of ostriches, which has lately attracted a good
deal of attention, points to the establishment of a large and
profitable industry, whilst the prospects of pig roaring and
bacon-curing are decidedly hopeful.
In previous years appKe:. Lions for land were delayed for a
considerable period owing to the difficulty of survey work, but
owing to the increase of the survey staff and the system of
rapid allotment it has been possible to complete a larger
amount of work, and the arrears which were considerable,
have now practically been brought up to date.
F U T U R E PROSPECTS OF T R A D E
AND O P E N I * : ^
FOR
INVESTMENT OF C A P I T A L ,
The lack of capnal, due to reasons enumerated elsewhere in
this report and the failure of the rains over the greater part
o.v the Protectorate, caused a temporary check to development
and some financial depression, but the country has recovered
since the close of the year under report,- and the prospects to­
day are brighter.
Land value has risen, a good deal of
capital has flowed in, stock has done well and increased, and
the measures taken to combat stock diseases have inspired con­
fidence.
31220
0 2
8&;
. -COLONIAL REPDKfd—ANNtTlL.
'The year was a trying one to the small farmers, especially*
those engaged in thecukivatioh of the stil and in the growing
of general crops in the Highlands^ and several failures took
place.
The general volume of trade in the Protectorate, however,
has increased, although the significant fact must not he over­
looked that* Uganda and German East Africa are responsible
for a considerable portion of it, particularly as regards the
export trade.
As our industries develop this state of things
will be altered, and East Africa will take its proper place in
the export trade.
I t is satisfactory to note that the value of the imports from;
the United Kingdom and British possessions has increased by
some £36,000, and that exports to the United Kingdom have,
nearly doubled.
A trading company has now established itself iii the northern
and less w ell known parts of the Protectorate, and will, it is
cbnfidently hoped, open up a large field of trading operations
with southern Abyssinia.
As regards indigenous products, much excellent work has
been done, especially in connection with fibre, rubber, and
cotton.*
During the year a number of new decorticating inabilities,
were imported, and we now have in the Vbi district alone
three large companies dealing with the exploitation of fibre,
in Connection with whicjh there are also rubber plantations.
Both in the Lake districts and on the coast the ami
under cotton has largely increased, whilst experimental
planting has been carried out on an extended scale, both by
the British East Africa Corporation, planters, and the Govern­
ment in order to obtain thoroughly reliable data bn which to
base future Operations.
In Kavirondo, owing largely to
excess bf rairt, the season has been unpropitious throughout;
ill the coast there is every prospect of a good and heavy
crop.
r
The varieties considered mosi suitable for the country are
the Abassi and Mitafifi.
It is just possible, however, that
other varieties may prove a success, and experiments are being
conducted to test* their comparative merits. A number of
ginneries have been established, and in order to ensure that
ortly a good quality of cotton is imported a bill is now before
the Legislative Council providing for the inspection of
ginneries and the control of seed for planting.
Very little has as yet been done to exploit the timber in
the Protectorate, which undoubtedly exists in considerable
quantities of excellent quality.
It is a question, however,
whether it can hear the heavy freight charges which would
have to be paid before it could be put on the market.
EAST A F B I OA PROTECTORATE^
1007-8.
. The rubber vine Landolphia Kirkii is indigenous in most of
our forests, particularly in the Coast area. The collection of
the wild rubber has been much exploited by natives, in many
instances to the detriment of the industry from overtapping,*
and a measure of control, which is not always easy to enforce^
i§ called for.
< < •
.
.
,
*
•
.
As regards plantations of rubber, the prospects of a large
industry in this line are hopeful on the coast and in the lowei}
midlands, and there Jius been a large increase in the number
of young plaints set out in the plantations.
Sa?nple# of rubber
from all indigenous vines and trees, as well as from a few;
plantation trees now in hearing, have been sent to the Inter-.
Colonial Rubber Exhibition in London.
The production of coffee in the Highlands has made good
headway, and the plantations are so far healthy and yielding
heavy crops.
Very favourable reports have been received
from England and France on the berry grown. As an acces­
sory branch of farming, coffee should pay well, but settler^
are not recommended to depend solely on coffee, owing to the
many diseases to which it is liable.
The value of the cocoanut plantations on the coast has de*
predated, owing to the damage caused by beetles and to flip
custom -which prevails among the natives of tapping the
flowers, from which they obtain "tombo," a native ihtoxi*
eating beverage which is largely consumed.
The Governinent entomologist is investigating the life history of thet
beetle with a view to devising means for its exterminationr
Thore has latterly been a distinct movement to revive the
cocoanut industry on the coast, where in past years it proved $
large source of income to the Arabs before they lost the ser­
vices of a number of their slaves.
4
Sim sim and ground-nuts are widely cultivated by th#
natives.
As rotation crops they are worth thp consideration
of the European planter. W e look forward to a large export
tracje in the near future in both these valuable oil producing
products.
•
;
The prospects of wool are excellent, and with the successful
grading up of the native sheep by the use of Merino ramsy
and with a better knowledge which is rapidly being,obtained
of local diseases and the methods of combating them, jtjbis
commodity should soon play an important part in the export
trade of the country.
The year was one of great anxiety to owners of cattle, bwing
to the spread of East Coast fever over eertahi parts of the
country, and the mifenced condition of the farms and the
difficulty of controlling the movement of cattle by Somalia
and natives, added to our difficulties.
The disease, however,,
was kept away from the larger stock fawns on ihe Highlands,
38
V
C O t O H I A L ttEPO&TS—ANNUAL.
and with the fencing of farms which is now being carried on,
the checks that have been placed on the movements of cattle
by the introduction of the permit system, and the ready co­
operation of the settler, it is hoped that it will be gradually
exterminated.
A large number of bulls have been imported for the purpose
of grading up native cattle, with most successful results, the
Shorthorn being the favourite breed.
There is every indication that pigs will not only thrive,
but can be raised at a very little cost.
The establishment
of a bacon factory at Limoru will give the desired impetus to
an industry which should be profitahle to the raiser of pigs
and exporter of bacon.
Farmers have also cured bafcon and ham with excellent
results.
These are beginning to take the place of those
imported into the 'Protectorate.
Ostriches have done remarkably well during the year, and
consignments of feathers have already been shipped with
fairly satisfactory results. The wild bird of East Africa is
generally said to be superior in size and plumage to the wild
bird of South Africa.
The period, therefore, to raise the
quality of the feather to a high standard should be correspond­
ingly shortened especially if due care is taken at the outset in
selection and breeding from only the best birds.
A number of incubators have been imported, and an in­
crease in the number of artificially-hatched birds is antici­
pated.
Horse sickness has been the cause of but little attention
having hitherto been paid to horse breeding; but now that
it is known that certain areas are singularly free from this
disease it is expected that this branch of farming will develop.
In fact two or three small studs have already been established.
As regards agricultural products, more attention is being
paid to mealies, as they are rapidly becoming a staple food
with the natives.
It is not, however, expected that this will
be an exportable product till the rates of transport are con­
siderably reduced.
On the other hand there is a practically
unlimited demand in the European market for beans, at a
price &t which they should be profitably grown.
Wheat has done well, and so far the varieties experimented
with have shown themselves to he rust resisting, and apart
from a good* and growing local market for this commodity,
there should also be a market in South Africa.
A variety of wheat recently introduced into the country has
been found to be rust resistant, and crops have been success­
fully raised in almost every district of the Highlands. Settlers
are very hopeful that in this cereal a profitable industry will
spring up, not only for the local market, but for export.
EAST AFHXOA PROTBOTOBAtE, 1807-8.
In connection with the development of the agricultural and
stock interests of the country too much importance cannot
be attache! to the desirability of carrying not only products
for export, but also stock imported for breeding and grading
purposes, as also agricultural machinery by rail at the very
lowest rates possible.
Any present reduction* in such rates will be made up ten­
fold later on, and will prove in the end to be sound policy.
All duties have lately been removed on the import of horses
and mules.
A work of great value to all interested in the agricultural
and pastoral development of the country was started in Aptil
last by Mr. A. C. Macdonald, the Director of Agriculture, in
the form of an Agricultural Journal.
This is issued quar­
terly, and it contains much general and special information
on the various branches of farming pursued in the Protec­
torate ; it acts not only as a medium of communication be­
tween the different farmers, but also affords the farmers a
ready means of keeping in touch with the experimental work
of the department and the general agricultural progress of
the country.
There can be no doubt that the construction of branch railway lines would open up large and rich diatrict8 for taule,
which are at present untouched, and as the districts further
from headquarters are gradually taken under administrative
control, the natives become better acquainted with European
methods and commodities, and a demand is created which
tends to the promotion of trade.
There is, however, on the
other hand a tendency on the part of the natives, as they go
to work further from their homes, to neglect the cultivation
of their own lands.
40
COLONIAL REPORTS—* A N N U A L .
APPENDIX.
RETURNS
FOR H A L F - Y E A R ENDED
30TH JUNE, 1908.
T H E H O N O U R A B L E T H E COMMISSIONER OF L A N D S .
I have the honour to submit herewith the half-yearly returns and to make
the following explanations and remarks with regard to the various causes of
the delay in the completion of the deeds for various applications.
1 and 2. P* tiding negotiations and pending survey*-~ln the case of the coast
applications, I am afraid that there may be some further delay in dealing
with applications. It has been found to be almost impossible to ascertain
the position and acreage of land which is free from native rights In view
of the difficulty which nas been experienced I understand that it is proposed
to close the coast area against applications.
The reason for delay in negotiations in the majority of cases in other
provinces aro as follows :—
In the Rift Valley district the question of the proposed extension of the .
Masai Reserve, the survey (nowin hand) of native and forest reserves, and the
proposed removal of the Indian Bazaar in the township of Nakuru, have been
the cause of delay in dealing with applications. In all parts of the Protec­
torate the consideration of applications for isolated areas of land is delayed
owing to the necessity of obtaining reports, and tho completion of the deeds
is delayed owing to the expense and inconvenience incurred in the survoy of
such areas far removed from the closely allotted settlements.
3. Pending plans.—I understand that the staif of the Cadastral branch of
the Survey Department is now in a position to deal with and complete deed
lans with promptitude, and most of the case? included in these returns will
e disposed of before the end of the current year. In some cases, however,
owing to disputes and quostions arising by reason of failure on the part of
licensed surveyors to properly beacon the areas surveyed, a certain amount
of delay is unavoidable.
E
4- Pending return of draft deeds.—The Land Office cannot in any way bo
held responsible for the delay in these cases. I regret to say that this delay
is, in many cases, intentional; applicants who have not asked for, or been
given, temporary occupation rights delay the return of their deeds in order
to avoid the payment of rent. I have referred this matter to the Honourable
the Commissioner of Lands who has approved my proposal to draw up a
notice advising the Public that in future rent will be charged from the
day the draft deed is despatched from this office, except in cases where rent
is already being paid by'holders of temporary occupation rights. In order
to deal with the cases mentioned in these returns I propose to give notice
that after a certain date (giving a reasonable time) rent will be charged on all
applications for which draft deeds have been issued.
5. Pending registratiW^W'0'6s9meM
In most cases delay is caused by
the inability, on the part of applicants, to meet the demands for payment of
rent and fees which are issued with the counterpart deeds. In many cases
the amounts asked for are large, and as payment must be received in full
before the deeds can be registered, and the applicant may be up-country,
delay is often unavoidable. In other cases, questions may arise after the
deeds have been engrossed which render it necessary to keep them pending,
}
6. Pending selection.—These 62 applications include those in the Uasin
Gidhu Rapid Allotment Survey, and will be disposed of on August 1st. The
Southern Ouaso Nyiro applications are also included in the above and will
require to be more clearly dofmed before deeds can be granted.
BAST AFRICA PKOTECTORATJB, 1007-8.
41
In conclusion, I am pleased to be able to report that there is every prospect
of the arrears mentioned in these returns being considerably reduced during
the next sir months, and, with the co-operation of tne applicants and provided
that questions now pending with other departments can bo promptly settled,
I consider that all pending applications could be disposed of before the issue
of the next returns.
With the help of the conveyancer, I will endeavour to dispose of all these
arrears, but I must add that, owing to the absence of- the Land Officer on
leave and the amount of work on hand, our time will be very fully occupied;
0 . H. CAMPBELL.
Acting Land Officer.
July, 1908.
Half-year ended &Qth June, 1908.
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BAST APBICA PBOTD0*0BATJBj_ 1907-8.
2 5
^
47
COLONIAL REPORTS.
>/
The following recent reports relating to His Majesty's
Colonial Possessions have been issued, and m$y be*obtained from
the sources indicated on the title page ;—
!
ANNUAL.
No,
560
501
502
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
672
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
5$8
589
590
591
Year.
Colony, &c.
St. Helena
Ceylon
Falkland Islands
Gibraltar
Ash ant i...
Colonial Survay Committee
Northern Territories of the Gold Coast
Seychelles
Bermuda
Weihatwei
-..
...
Hong Kong
Malta
British Honduras
Gold Coast
Nyasaland Prolectoiuto
Bahamas
Gambia...
St. Vincent
...
...
Turks and Caicos Islands
St. Lucia
Fiji
Mauritius
Straits Settlements . . .
Bout born Nigeria
Imperial Institute
Barbados
Somaliland Protectorate
Trinidad and Tobago...
Sierra Leone
British Guiana
Grenada
...
Leeward Islands
...
Ml
* » .
1907
a
M
If
...
...
• •»
...
...
•1907-1908
1907
H
Ji
»»
1907-1908
1907
1907-1908
l!J07 1907-1908
1907 "
:
i • .
. . .
«»
1906"'1907
1907-1908;
1907
1907-1908
1907
1907-1908
MISCELLANEOUS.
s
Subject.
Colonyi &c.
No.
49
50
51
52
53
East Africa Protectorate
British Colonics . . .
•».
Southern Nigeria
•..
South Africa
...
East Africa Pro ectorate
54
Newfoundland
55
56
Cape Colony
Turks and Uaicos Islands
...
...
...
...
...
Veterinary Department.
Cotton Cultivation,
Forest Administration.
Native Education.
Veterinary Bacteriological
Work, 1907-8.
Governor's Visit to .Micmac
Indians.
... Rietfontein Area.
... Salt Industry,