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CULTURAL GUIDE OF THE PROVINCE
CULTURAL GUIDE
OF THE PROVINCE
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Nombre capítulo y sección
Nombre capítulo y sección
Index
01
02
03
04
05
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A Stroll through History
01.1. Legendary Cadiz
01.2. The first settlers
01.3. Ancient Gadir
01.4. The Roman presence
01.5. A land of borders
01.6. Puerto de Indias
01.7. Liberal and enlightened Cadiz
Cultural Routes
02.1.
02.2.
02.3.
02.4.
02.5.
02.6.
02.7.
02.8.
Mythological Route
Prehistoric Cadiz
The Phoenician Route
The Roman Route
Castles and Fortresses
The American Route
Route of the 1812 Constitution
Film Destination
Circuits of Interest
03.1.
03.2.
03.3.
03.4.
03.5.
Bay of Cadiz
Bajo Guadalquivir
Campo de Gibraltar
Sierra de Cadiz–Pueblos Blancos
La Janda
The Cultural Sphere
04.1. Museums
04.2. Cultural and Festive Agenda
Local Character
05.1. Flamenco
05.1.1 The Route of Camarón de la Isla
05.1.2 The Route of Paco de Lucía
05.2. Art and Wine
05.3. The Horse and the Bull
05.4. Craftsmanship
05.5. Notable ‘Gaditanos’
Practical information
03.
04.
06.
08.
11.
14.
16
19.
21.
22.
24.
27.
30.
35.
41.
44.
47.
49.
50.
52.
53.
54.
56.
57.
58.
66.
73.
74.
78.
82.
84.
85.
87.
01
A Stroll
through
History
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A Stroll through History. Legendary Cadiz.
Nombre capítulo y sección
Did you
know..?
01.1
êê
Legendary Cadiz
Legendary
Stories of gods and myths such as Atlantis, the twelve Labours of
Hercules, or the fabulous kingdom of Tartessos form an integral part
of the origins of the territory of Cadiz, creating an extremely appealing
aura of mystery.
The area around the Gulf of and the Strait of Gibraltar is the setting
of several legends in Greco-Roman mythology, including those
related to the adventures of the Greek hero Heracles, whom the
Romans later called Hercules, and whose remains – according
to the Latin historian Pomponio Mela – lie under the Phoenician
Melkart Temple which stood on the islet of Sancti Petri.
Hercules was entrusted with twelve labours for which he had to
travel all over Europe killing many heinous beasts along the way.
The last two Herculean tasks brought him to the area of Cadiz: to
steal the golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides, which
according to mythology was located in Tartessos, and to steal the
Cattle of Geryon, an anthropomorphic being composed of three
different bodies which lived in Erytheia. In the past, the area was
an archipelago known as the Gadeiras, formed by the islands of
Erytheia and Kotinoussa (in what is today the town of Cadiz) and
Antipolis, the current San Fernando. He had to kill the titan, which
due to its peculiar morphology is related to the Drago tree standing
as the centenary in the Park Genovés, whose red sap is said to be
the blood of this mythological being.
When he arrived at the far reaches of Iberia, the stories say that
Hercules thought he had reached the end of the world and that he
separated the Calpe (Rock of Gibraltar) and Abila (Monte Hacho)
mountains. At the peaks he raised two columns (the Pillars of
Hercules) intended to reveal to future generations just how far
his exploits had taken him, and on them he recorded the famous
inscription “Non plus ultra”.
Island of Sancti Petri.
Mosaic. Museum of Cadiz.
Manuel de Falla,
a musical genius
from Cadiz who
lived in the
twentieth century,
was inspired by
the underwater city
to compose his
musical work La
Atlántida (Atlantis),
which occupied the
last twenty years
of his life.
Figurine of the God
Melkart, from
Sancti Petri.
The mysterious Tartessian culture, which supposedly developed in the triangle formed by the
current provinces of Huelva, Seville and Cadiz on
the southwest coast of the Iberian Peninsula, is
mentioned in written sources from antiquity such
as the History of Herodotus, which speaks of the
long-lived king of Arganthonios and his incalculable wealth, wisdom, and generosity.
And what about the mysterious and legendary
­Atlantis, mentioned and described for the first
time in the texts of Plato (in his dialogues of
Timaeus and Critias), an island with a peculiar
circular design located, according to the Greek
philosopher, opposite the Pillars of Hercules in
what is today the Strait of Gibraltar. Using these
geographical indications as a guide many have
sought this ghostly city in southwestern Spain,
ever narrowing its possible location to be in the
province of Cadiz.
In recent decades, research and documentaries on
the BBC and National Geographic, among others,
advised by internationally renowned scientists
and archaeologists like Richard Freund (professor
at the University of Hartford in the United States
and known for his excavations at historical sites
in the Middle East) suggest that there is evidence
that would place the Lost Capital of Atlantis in the
vicinity of the coast of Cadiz, after being buried
by one of the many natural disasters which have
affected this area throughout its history, possibly
a tsunami. These studies are supported by satellite photographs showing remains coinciding with
the structure of the metropolis described by Plato,
with concentric circles, a 450-metre-wide dome,
large pillars, and a citadel.
Pieces from the Phoenician colonization at the Museum of Cadiz.
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01.2
The first
first
settlers
A Stroll through History. The first settlers
■❚❙ Archaeology for kids
The ERA Cultura facilities in Puerto Real
reproduce a prehistoric village with cabins
that transport you to another time when people were fully in touch with nature. There
are also workshops and activities available
related to prehistory and culture.
www.eracultura.com
The province of Cadiz has always been an important crossroads: it is
both a bridge between Europe and Africa, as well as a gateway between
the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. Perhaps this is the best explanation
for its early settlement and wealth of archaeological sites.
The first important archaeological remains found around Cadiz date
back to the Neolithic period, and are characterised by the arrival of
people from the eastern Mediterranean. The villages apparently
coexisted with caves as habitats, developing genuine forms of
artistic expression within their rock
shelters which have survived to this
day as a rich vestige of cultural heritage: rock art (See the Prehistoric
Cadiz Route-Pg. 24). Nestled in the
Cadiz region of La Janda is the Tajo
de las Figuras (Benalup), a natural
rock shelter which houses an exceptional collection of over 900 post-Palaeolithic paintings, with particularly
stunning representations of birds in
various positions.
In the Los Alcornocales Natural Park
is the Laja Alta Cave in Jimena de
la Frontera, which stands out for the
Cueva Tajo de las Figuras
originality of its rock art, namely in
its depiction of a naval scene. It is
unique in terms of peninsular rock art and of immense importance
throughout the Mediterranean. In Los Barrios one can appreciate the
Bacinete set of rock art, and in Tarifa, in the Cueva del Moro, there
is an impressive figure of a pregnant mare.
Dolmens. Facinas.
Menhir. Facinas.
Caves of Bacinete.
Megalithic art, the first example of monumental architecture left behind
from prehistoric societies, is also widely represented in the province
of Cadiz, with examples such as the dolmens and menhirs of Facinas
(Tarifa), the set of dolmens in Alberite (Villamartin), and the Dolmen
of the Giant (El Gastor), located on a farm in El Charcón. However, its
archaeological jewel is the set of megalithic works in Alcalá del Valle,
also known as El Tomillo.
■❚❙ Prehistoric Cadiz
Four routes throughout the province branch off from the Centre for
Interpretation of "Prehistoric Cadiz": The Route of Prehistoric La Janda,
the Route of the Strait, the Route of the Highlands, and the Route of
the Bay of Cadiz.
www.centroprehistoricobenalup.com
Cueva del Moro. Tarifa.
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A Stroll through History. Ancient Gadir
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01.3
Ancient Gadir
The search for metals led the Phoenician sailors from the Middle East
to a few islands in the Atlantic off the Iberian coast, the Gadeirai, where
they would construct their largest trading base in Europe: Gadir, the
oldest city of the West.
The Phoenicians from Tyre, on the Mediterranean coast of Lebanon,
were a people dedicated exclusively to maritime trade, being the
main suppliers of metals transported from Western Europe which
they sold to the major Asian powers. And it was in search of this
valuable raw material that they arrived at the coast of Cadiz, creating
numerous colonies stretching from Campo de Gibraltar to the mouth
of the Guadalquivir, also founding Gadir (modern Cadiz) in 1104
B.C.E., according to the Roman historian Velleius Paterculus. This
reference has been hotly disputed, but appears to indeed be true in
light of recent archaeological finds in Cadiz, where urban structures
dating back to at least the ninth century B.C.E. have been uncovered.
The Phoenicians always chose to establish their colonies on small
islands or peninsulas near the coast, as this provides the conditions
for relatively easy defence and immediate access to rivers navigable
by small boats. Gadir, therefore, was ideal due to its particular
geography, being an archipelago of three islands "the Gadeirai":
Erytheia and Kotinoussa, the two westernmost islands, were joined
by an isthmus, and the third
island – to the east – was known
as Antipolis. This natural port presented extraordinary qualities for
navigation and also possessed a
strategic location near the mouth
of the Guadalquivir, which was
the point of contact with the rich
mining areas of Huelva and Sierra
Morena, and a possible enclave
of the Tartessian civilization, with
which it maintained intense commercial and cultural relations.
Gadeiras Islands Phoenician Period.
With regard to the appearance
of the city, we know that there
were temples was dedicated to
the goddess Astarte and the gods
Baal Ammon and Melkart, the
Castle of Sancti Petri.
latter of whom was the chief deity
of Tyre. The temple to the Melkart
was located on the islet of Sancti
Petri and its importance extended
beyond purely religious affairs, as it
also played a key economic role. The
deity, the patron saint of sailors and
merchants, ensured the value of trade
agreements concluded at this holy
place, receiving offerings in exchange
which made the sanctuary immensely
rich. They say that inside the temple,
Hannibal, a child at the time, swore
eternal hatred towards Rome before
his father Amilcar Barca, and that
Julius Caesar, next to the statue of
Alexander the Great found there as
well, lamented not having achieved
the same feats in his time as the
Macedonian conqueror had done.
Hercules Gaditanus in bronze.
Museum of Cadiz.
As in other Phoenician sites in the
Bay of Cadiz, Gadir would have had
walls, towers and monumental gates.
The Phoenician archaeological
site of Gadir.
The economy of this bustling city was
based on trade as well as tuna fishing, creating major industries engaged
in salting and the art of Almadraba-style fishing
in enclaves such as Barbate, from which point
they exported sauce made from fish viscera,
the famous garum, which the Romans greedily demanded across the Empire and which is
today produced once again for haute cuisine.
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A Stroll through History. Ancient Gadir
Nombre capítulo y sección
Did you
know..?
01.4
êê
The Phoenicians,
as they were
referred to by
the Greeks,
were actually
Canaanites, whose
name means
"men of purple"
because all their
clothing was dyed
this colour using
a dye extracted
from a mollusc
(the dye murex).
This colour was
the most exclusive
and expensive,
intended only for
high priests and
emperors.
The Roman presence
In the aftermath of the Second Punic War, in the late third century
B.C.E., the city of Gadir was taken by Rome from the Carthaginians,
thus beginning a very prosperous time for all the residents of Gadir and
provided the Empire with products such as wine, oils, and salted fish.
Phoenician sarcophagi.
Among the archaeological remains from this
time (See the Phoenician Route, Pg. 27), one
which really stands out today is the Phoenician
site of Gadir, located in the City of Cadiz under
the Aunt Norica puppet theatre, which reveals
sections of two streets and eight houses dating
from the ninth century B.C.E. to the public, as
well as some human remains of Phoenicians
from the sixth century B.C.E; the two anthropomorphic sarcophagi kept at the Museum of
Cadiz are the only ones of their kind in the
Western Mediterranean; then there are the
remains of a Phoenician funerary monument
located in the (now closed) archaeological site
Casa del Obispo, in the basement of the old
Episcopal Palace. In the province it is also possible to visit the remains of walls, the necropolis, and dwellings from between the eighth and
third centuries B.C.E., at the archaeological site
of Doña Blanca, in El Puerto de Santa María.
Rome brought territorial organisation and taxes, systematically
exploiting the mining and fishing resources of the territory and creating an important communications network, the Roman roads,
which promoted transport and trade. From Gades (Cadiz), the Via
Augusta led all the way to Rome following the eastern coast. Linked
with Hispalis (Seville), the Silver Route (Via de la Plata) branched out
from Gades, connecting the provinces of Baetica and Gallaecia, and
was the main route for tin. Today it is one of the pilgrimage routes
to Santiago de Compostela.
Roman rule also multiplied the number of municipalities in the
province, with complex developments in which the works and public
buildings (cisterns and aqueducts, sewers, temples, baths and theatres) alternated with other structures of a more industrial nature,
such as fish farms and funerary facilities (necropolis). Of particular
note, in the interior, are the settlements (See the Roman Route, Pg.
30) of Asido Caesarina (the present-day Medina Sidonia), Carissa
Aurelia (Espera), Iptuci (Prado del Rey), Sierra de Aznar (Arcos de la
Frontera) or Ocuri (Ubrique). On the Cadiz coast, the Bay of Cadiz,
and the Strait of Gibraltar, colonisation intensified with a string of
cities dedicated to commercial, nautical, and fishing activities. Of
particular note are the ruins of the Roman city of Carteia in San
Roque or the site of the Mesa del Esparragal (Alcalá de los Gazules),
■❚❙ A discovery of film
The valuable Phoenician sarcophagi appeared in Cadiz almost a century
apart. In 1887, the male sarcophagus was discovered, but the female,
which is even more impressive due to the level finesse and delicacy, was
not found until 1980. And it was found just below the house occupied
by Pelayo Quintero, a great scholar who for many years served as the
Director of the Museum of Cadiz and who was also a researcher and
excavator of the Roman necropolis. He died in 1946, still convinced that
there had to be a female sarcophagus somewhere in the city but unaware
that it was lying beneath his home.
Baelo Claudia.
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A Stroll through History. The Roman presence.
A Stroll through History. The Roman presence
where the Bronze of Lascuta
was found, the oldest
Roman inscription from
Spain which is now exhibited
at the Louvre in Paris.
Near the Beach of Bolonia,
in Tarifa, Baelo Claudia was
established as a Roman
city founded in the late second century B.C.E., with an
economy based on fishing
and tuna trapping. It is of
particular interest due to the
complete overview of Roman
Plaza de las Flores. Cádiz.
urbanism which it provides,
as is clearly visible when you
visit. There you can see the
remains of walls, roads, housing, the basilica,
the forum, and factories for salting fish and
preparing the famous garum, both products
which made this city well known throughout the
Empire.
This memory of Romanisation can be vividly
appreciated in the provincial capital, which was
the birthplace of Emperor Hadrian’s mother and
of the famous agronomist Junius Moderatus
Columella, whose statue is the Roman in the
fountain at the Plaza de la Flores.
The Roman Gades experienced a period of great
splendour after clashes between Pompey and
Caesar for power in Rome. The citizens of Gadir
took side with Caesar, who defeated Pompey at
Munda. As a gesture of gratitude, Julius Caesar
granted Roman citizenship to Gades, calling it
Augusta Urbs Julia Gaditana. In the classical
texts of Roman imperial era, there was no shortage of frequent allusions to Cadiz Temple of
Hercules and his expert dancers (the famous
puellae gaditanae).
Ocuri Mausoleum.
■❚❙ Roman
Bætica
The cities of Cadiz
and Tarifa, along
with a dozen
other cities in the
provinces of Seville
and Cordoba, form
part of the Roman
Bætica Route,
which runs through
the southernmost
province of Roman
Hispania and
encompasses
territories through
which the ancient
Via Augusta
traversed.
www.beticaromana.
org
Did you
know..?
êê
The city of Cadiz
has a fascinating
underground
network, including
the Beaterio CavesCatacombs (which
can be visited), as
well as the María
Mocos Caves.
Roman Theatre. Cadiz.
Carteia.
The Gades retained its thriving
commercial activity during the first
centuries of the Empire, reaching
some 50,000 inhabitants. This is
clearly evidenced by the Roman
Theatre (first century B.C.E.) in
the neighbourhood of Populo,
which is the second largest in
all the Roman world after the
Pompey Theatre in Rome; the fish
salting factory at the site of the
Remains of the
Roman road.
old Andalusia Theatre; remains of
Medina Sidonia.
buildings at the site of the Casa
del Obispo; the extramural Roman
columbaria (the only visible testimony of the necropolis), and a few
sections of the tubular oyster stone aqueduct that brought fresh
water from the Temple spring.
■❚❙ Seats reserved at the Coliseum
In 1939, two inscriptions were found in the Flavian
Amphitheatre of Rome (the Colosseum) with the word
Gaditanorum, which seem to confirm that the Roman
citizens of Gades had "reserved" seats in the stands.
Researchers from the University of Cadiz who went to
the Italian capital to study the artefacts have pointed out
their rarity, since until now the privilege of having exclusive
seats seemed reserved for priests and magistrates. This
fact is further proof of the importance of Gades among
the cities making up the Roman Empire, especially during
the time of Caesar Augustus at the hand of the Cornelius
Balbus family. The inscriptions can currently be seen at
the Colosseum in an area of the amphitheatre which has
been restored and can be visited.
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A Stroll through History. A land of borders
Nombre capítulo y sección
strategically located throughout
the interior on top of rock atalayas from which it was possible to spot danger such as
Zahara de la Sierra and Olvera.
01.5
A land of borders
The Muslim presence, which lasted from the eighth
century until the late fifteenth century with the
expulsion of the Moors, left a deep mark in the
province, still visible in the layout of its towns
and cities, its many castles, and buildings of great
artistic value.
Church of O.
Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
Jerez de la
Frontera Fortress
Did you
know..?
êê
The oldest
Visigoth temple
in Andalusia is
the Chapel of the
Martyrs, which is
found in Medina
Sidonia.
In 711, Tarik’s troops landed in the Bay of
Algeciras and, after defeating the Gothic king
Don Rodrigo at the battle of Guadalete, they
began their conquest of the peninsula. The city
of Cadiz (Qadis) became a military garrison with
a fortress and a mosque, dependent on the
Kora of Sidonia whose capital was found in
Jerez de la Frontera. This was the location of
the most important Islamic building in all of the
Cadiz territory, its Almohad-style citadel, which
housed the mosque (with its yard of ablutions,
mihrab, and minaret) and the Arab baths, in
addition to the Garden of Olives.
The culture of al-Andalus was deeply urban,
hence focusing all of its constructive and artistic knowledge into the Andalusian cities. Many
of them were walled - as the archaeological
remains of medieval walls in Algeciras from the
Marinid period demonstrate - and the majority
featured towers and gates connected to the
fortress and “alcázar”. The mosque, souks,
alhóndigas, alcaicería, and baths were all
located within the walls of the city of Medina.
The towns of Sierra de Cadiz are a magnificent
example of Andalusian town planning, with
their narrow, winding streets leading up to the
whitewashed houses.
■❚❙ The Legacy of al-Andalus
The Route of Almoravides and
Almohades runs throughout the
territory of Cadiz, and is one of
the routes of the Andalusian
Legacy, honoured as Major
Cultural Route of the Council of
Europe
www.legadoandalusi.es
On the other hand, on the
Atlantic coast, from the mouth
of the River Guadalquivir to
the stronghold of Gibraltar, the
landscape is dotted with watchtowers, bastions and coastal
castles that served as permanent lookouts against the risk
of maritime invasions: the Castle of Guzmán el Bueno in Tarifa, the
Castle of San Marcos in El Puerto de Santa María, and the Castle of
Luna in Rota. Located in strategic places, the Christian reconquista
would ultimately reuse part of these defences, adapting them to
new needs or creating others.
It was under the reign of Alfonso X the Wise, after the Reconquista
of Cadiz in 1262, that the territory became part of the Kingdom
of Castilla, growing stronger and repopulating with settlers from
other areas, especially Cantabria. And from an artistic point of view,
the Christian conquest brought the Gothic style whereby imposing
churches were built in cities such as Jerez de la Frontera, with prominent examples such as the Church of Santiago, which keeps the
image of the Arrest of Our Father Jesus (attributed to Roldana), the
Conventual Church of Santo Domingo, the Church of San Miguel,
San Mateo, or the Church of San Marcos.
Also worth noting are the Gothic churches of Santa Maria and San
Pedro in Arcos de la Frontera, the Church of the Divine Savior in
Vejer, the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Miracles of El Puerto de
Santa María and the church of Santa Maria la Mayor La Coronada
in Medina Sidonia, among many others. This style eventually came
to coexist with the incipient renaissance and with Mudejar styles,
as seen in magnificent examples like the Church of Nuestra Señora
de la O in Sanlúcar and San Dionisio in Jerez.
Military constructions in the Province (See the
Castles and Fortresses Route, Pg. 35) proliferated during the period of fighting between
Muslims and Christians. Therefore, next to the
medieval fortresses perfectly integrated into
urban collectives such as those of Tarifa or
Castellar, there are solitary castles and towers
San Marcos Castle. The Port of Santa María.
Jerez Fortress.
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A Stroll through History.Puerto de Indias
Nombre capítulo y sección
01.6
Puerto de indias
Indias
PUerto
With the 'Colombian Feat', the Bay
of Cadiz became the recipient of
riches from the New World, bestowing upon it an economic and cultural prosperity which was reflected
in the construction of important
religious and civil monuments.
The province of Cadiz has bears
a strong mark from the Passage
to the Indies (Carrera de Indias),
the result of its operations since
the first moments of the discovJerez de la Frontera Cathedral.
ery of America (See American
Route, Pg. 41). The first voyage
of Columbus in 1492 left from the
coast of Huelva, though the Genoese admiral began his second
journey from Cadiz, the third from Sanlúcar de Barrameda (the port
also chosen by Magellan and Juan Sebastian Elcano to start their
tour of the world), and the fourth departed again from the capital
city Cadiz. From 1500, trade with America was centralised in “Casa
de Contratación” in Seville, but the navigability of the Guadalquivir
posed a challenge for business development. As such, in 1717,
Cadiz displaced Seville and retained the entire commercial monopoly
with America.
Since the Reconquista, Cadiz has been settled by many foreign bourgeois, and in particular the Genoese, who had a great commercial
vision and were later joined by the English, Flemish, and French who
were drawn by American trade and the export of famous wines from
the region of Jerez de la Frontera. This cosmopolitan environment
gave the city an openness which allowed for acceptance of the
Enlightenment, thus placing it at the cutting edge in terms of scientific advances and liberal political ideas. However, this prosperity
would be marred by frequent pirate attacks, resulting in reinforcements of the defences along the coast with towers, bastions, and
walled areas such as the city of Cadiz itself, as well as the crossfire
defensive system developed by the French military engineer Vauban.
The economic vigour between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries
was reflected in the construction of important monuments such as
the cathedrals of Cadiz (with a colonial flair), Jerez de la Frontera, and
Cartuja (Charterhouse) de Santa María de la Defensión, a harmonic
structure fusing Gothic, Plateresque Renaissance, and Baroque
styles with particularly attractive areas such as the entrance portico,
the Chapel of Santa Maria de la Defensión, the courtyard of the
Myrtles, the Wayfarers Chapel, cloister of laypersons, or the so-called
View of the Cathedral of Cadiz.
■❚❙ Cadiz, "Little Havana"
In a song sung by Carlos Cano it was said "Havana is Cadiz with more
people of colour, and Cadiz is Havana with more salt...". And indeed
there are many similarities between the cities which have resulted in
their parallel development on both sides of the ocean. A walk along the
Cadiz waterfront, from La Caleta to Campo del Sur, would surely evoke
the image of the Malecon, in Havana, in the minds of visitors. These are
mirrored by the fortifications which shielded the entry to the Cuban Bay
and which defended the peninsular city from the English corsair Drake.
Not to mention the façades of both cathedrals and the picturesque
historic city centres with narrow streets and the smell of salt.
Casa Lasquetty. Cadiz.
Jerez de la Frontera Charterhouse
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A Stroll through History.Puerto de Indias
Nombre capítulo y sección
Yard of Jasmine (Patio de los Jazmines). Most
churches and convents in Cadiz date back to
this period.
Standing prominently in the ‘civil section’ are
the palaces and manor houses which became
an integral part of the appearance of these
cities. Of particular importance are those of
the capital, with their characteristic towers and
viewpoints from which traders could watch the
ships coming into port from America, like the
Admiral’s House and the Houses of the Four and
Five Towers. Also notable in the province are
Vizarrón’s House, in El Puerto de Santa María,
the house of the Marquis of Arizón, the Palace
of the Dukes of Medina Sidonia in Sanlúcar de
Barrameda, and the Bertemati palace in Jerez
de la Frontera.
Casa-Hotel of Marqués de Arizón.
Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
Did you
know..?
êê
On 1st November
1755, the city
of Cadiz was
saved from the
tsunami caused
by the earthquake
which completely
destroyed the
Portuguese city of
Lisbon thanks to
its protective walls.
Palace of Medina Sidonia.
Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
■❚❙ The first journey around the world
On 20 September 1519, a fleet of five ships departed from the Port
of Sanlúcar headed for the Canary Islands. Under the command of
Ferdinand Magellan, the first stage of a journey began during which
humans would circumnavigate the globe for the first time. The fleet
consisted of five caravels and 265 people of various nationalities.
The adventure lasted three years and on 6 September 1522, the
sole surviving vessel from the fleet, the Victoria, commanded by
Juan Sebastian Elcano, arrived in the Port of Sanlúcar with just 18
crew members.
01.7
Liberal and
enlightened Cadiz
The province of Cadiz would play a major role in
the great political and cultural movements of the
nineteenth century, importing new ideas that led
to the liberal and democratic openness enshrined
in the Constitution of 1812.
The economic and economic and cultural splendour of the eighteenth Century in the Province
of Cadiz, the result of the monopoly on Indian
trade, would give way to a new tumultuous
century that began with the Battle of Trafalgar
in 1805, which marked the beginning of the
end of the Spanish colonial empire and the
War of Independence (1810) with the siege
of the Napoleonic troops who achieved near
total occupation of Spanish territory until their
advance was stopped by the defences of the
island of León (San Fernando).
During the conflict, the Supreme Central Council
(Junta) convened the Courts and in light of the
adverse development of the war they decided
to take refuge in Cadiz, the only city along with
San Fernando which was not occupied by the
Napoleonic army. The oratory San Felipe Neri
hosted the heated debates of the two hundred
deputies who, after more than 1,400 sessions,
drafted the Constitution of 1812, which was
given the nickname “la Pepa” because it was
created on 19 March, St. Joseph’s Day. In
the buildings attached to the Oratory one can
find the Museum of the Courts, as well as the
La Pepa 2012 Centre for Interpretation (See the
Route of the 1812 Constitution, Pg. 44).
Panorama of San Fernando.
Oratory of San Felipe Neri. Cadiz.
Did you
know..?
êê
The famous Place
du Trocadero in
Paris, from which
one can appreciate
a famous view of
the Eiffel Tower,
has been known
by that name since
1823 following the
battle that took
place between
Spanish and
French troops
on the Trocadero
Island (Puerto
Real), located in
the Bay of Cadiz.
20
21
A Stroll through History. Liberal and enlightened Cadiz
Nombre capítulo y sección
■❚❙ Bandits of Sierra de Cadiz
The famous Jose Maria el Tempranillo, although born in the province
of Cordoba, made many forays into the area: one of his children was
born in Torre Alháquime, and in El Gastor there is a museum in the
house where his girlfriend lived and where he spent long periods.
Did you
êê know..?
The town of San
Roque, like Los
Barrios and Linea
de la Concepcion,
was founded by
the Gibraltarians
who had to leave
the Rock after the
British conquest
in 1704 and then
settled around the
old Chapel of San
Roque.
This Magna Carta had a huge impact abroad.
It served as the model for other European
and American countries and was translated
into English, French, German, Portuguese, and
Italian. We find a cosmopolitan Cadiz where the
most elite and modern members of Spanish
and European society at the time converged
and which was the stage for various literary
gatherings. It was here that numerous newspapers were published, and the city attracted
many writers and intellectuals: Adolfo de
Castro, Joaquín de Mora, Eduardo Benot, Emilio
Castelar, and Fernán Caballero, among others.
The nineteenth century was also the century
of romanticism; of European travellers drawn
by the exoticism and ambience of Andalusia.
Cadiz - which already in the eighteenth century
was considered one of the most beautiful cities
in Europe - the countryside of Jerez, Sanlúcar,
Gibraltar, or the Cadiz mountains became frequent targets of illustrious adventurers, many
of whom left behind written testimonies of the
impressions they got from their travels throughout our lands: the Spanish scholar Richard
Ford, Alexander Dumas (who wrote, among
other books, From Paris to Cadiz), or the English
poet Lord Byron, who describe Cadiz as “the
cleanest and most beautiful city of Europe”,
while also praising the women of this region,
the “graceful Gaditanas”.
02
Cultural
Routes
San Roque.
22
23
Cultural Routes. Mythological Route
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
It’s possible to visit this islet by a lovely boat
ride from the sporting port of the ancient fishing
village of Sancti-Petri.
02.1
Mythological Route
Cadiz is an ancient land full of
myths and legends; a meeting
point of different cultures and
civilizations which through the
centuries have left their mark in
the history of mankind. The Route
traces the mythical geography of
Cadiz, of which Heracles-Hercules
is its main axis.
We began our journey in the town
of Sanlúcar de Barrameda, the
Guided tour of the Castle of Sancti Petri.
founding of which seems to be
linked to the existence of a temple dedicated to the goddess Astarte, who with her planetary light
guided and protected marine travellers.
This is where the Centre for Interpretation of Mythological Cadiz is
found, whose exhibit is organised into three thematic areas, the first
of which is dedicated to the “Holy Land”, with allusions to the kingdom of Tartessos. The second deals with the ‘Mother Goddess’. And
finally, the last area focuses on what has been considered sacred
par excellence in the vicinity of Cadiz since Phoenician times: the
“Temple of Hercules”, which would be located near the current islet
of Sancti Petri, in the municipality of San Fernando. Today it houses a
castle from the eighteenth century which has been recently restored.
The Phoenician expedition that founded Gadir
back in 1100 B.C.E., in the eastern part of what
was then the island of Kotinoussa, founded a
sanctuary dedicated to Melkart, who would
become one of the most important oracles
of antiquity. According to the Roman historian
Pomponius Mela, the remains of Hercules have
been buried under the temple and that subterranean area was also said to house other
mythological relics as the belt of Teucro or tree
of Pygmalion. It was in the Trajan era that the
temple reached its peak of splendour and the
Museum of Cadiz has on display some valuable relics from this period, including the bronze
thorocate sculpture of the Emperor from the
late first century or early second century.
Over time, the Phoenician Melkart merged with
the Greek Heracles and Roman Hercules, a hero
who, in performing his famous Twelve Labours,
struck the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, causing
the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean to
join, thus giving rise to the famous Pillars of
Hercules (one of which, according to legend,
was in the area of Algeciras and Tarifa), which
is now known as the Strait of Gibraltar. If you
have a chance to visit Tarifa you shouldn’t miss
the opportunity to visit this legendary strait by
boat, enjoying the magnificent spectacle of dolphins and whales plying its waters. There are
several companies in the area which provide
such services.
OF INTEREST
CENTRE FOR MYTHOLOGICAL
INTERPRETATION.
, Centro Cultural la
Victoria- Plaza la Victoria Sanlúcar de Barrameda
O 956 383 810
Visits by appointment
VISITS TO SANCTI PETRI
w www.albarco.com
www.espacionautico.com
www.novojet.net
LOGGIA, Gestión de
Patrimonio Cultural, S.L.
O 667 502 369 –
610 080 553
BOAT RIDES THROUGH
THE STRAIT
w www.firmm.org
www.turmares.com
www.whalewatchtarifa.net
www.aventuratarifa.com
www.aventuramarina.org
Whale watching
in the strait.
Mythological
route
Sanlúcar de Barrameda:
ΠCadiz Centre for
Mythological Interpretation
Cádiz:  Museum of Cadiz
San Fernando: Ž Island
and Castle of Sancti Petri
Cadiz Centre for Mythological Interpretation. Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
Gibraltar y Tarifa:  Strait
of Gibraltar and Tarifa
24
25
Cultural Routes. Prehistoric Cadiz
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
■❚❙ CAUTION
Some remains of existing rock art in the province are located in
areas which are difficult to access, so we recommend that before
starting your search and visit you should always check with the
nearest Tourism Office (See Practical Information, pg. 87).
02.2
Prehistoric Cadiz
Prehistoric
We’re going to visit the main rock shelters and caves whose walls have
been painted with the “primitive” art of prehistoric man, and we’ll admire
the megalithic structures erected, undoubtedly, through a collective
effort to turn them into a final resting place.
The starting point of our route is the Interpretation Centre for
“Prehistoric Cadiz”, located in Benalup-Casas Viejas, which offers
visitors an interesting trip through prehistoric times. Along the way
throughout the eleven thematic areas, the journey will take you to
the first traces of humankind in the province of Cadiz, and you will
have a chance to stroll through the enclaves and to view some
of the most important findings. The museum discourse is based
on interactive, audio-visual attractions, environmental recreations,
models and special effects such as a Pepper Ghost, which all help
to create a real and up-close environment.
In the municipality of Benalup and in the proximity of the Lagoon
of La Janda we can find both the set of Bushel Dolmens (‘Bushel
Swamp’ recreational area), as well as the rock shelters of Tajo de
las Figuras, which offer confirmation that you’re standing in a sacred
place. Among the cave paintings found inside of this rock shelter it
is possible to distinguish various type of birds (flamingos, geese,
ducks, swans, etc.), deer, dogs, herds of goats, and several human
figures engaged in dancing or hunting.
Our journey continues in the direction of the Strait of Gibraltar, stopping in Facinas, a district of Tarifa
in which three dolmens and menhirs are located. They are found
at the end of the northwest slope
of the Sierra de Salaviciosa. Near
the cove and Valdevaqueros dune,
at the Tarifa beach, we will find
a path signposted as AlgarbesBetijuelo, which will take us to the
necropolis of Los Algarbes.
Rock shelter of Laja Alta.
Jimena de la Frontera.
Dolmen of Alberite.
Rock shelters of Tajo de las Figuras.
Leaving the coast behind, the next destination is the town of Los
Barrios and the set of Bacinete rock art. The primary cave is particularly notable, with surprising scenes such as that of the human figure
known as “The Giant” due to its large size. The estate is private and
one must receive the owner’s permission.
The archaeological itinerary takes us now to Jimena de la Frontera
and the Laja Alta cave. The set presents a wide range of thematic
motifs, but its great popularity comes from its original naval scene,
consisting of seven ships. The entrance of the cave is protected
by a fence.
Prehistoric
Cadiz route
Benalup-Casas Viejas: ΠCentre
for Interpretation of "Prehistoric
Cadiz".  Rock shelters of Tajo
de las Figuras Ž Bushel dolmens.
Facinas:  Dolmens and the Menhir
of Facinas. Tarifa:  Necropolis of
Algarbes. Los Barrios: ‘ Set of rock
art in the Cave of Bacinete. Jimena
de la Frontera: ’ Rock shelter of
Laja Alta. Llanos de Villamartín:
“ Set of Alberite dolmens. Puerto
Serrano: ” Fuente de Ramos
Necropolis. El Gastor: • The
Dolmen of El Charcón. Alcalá del
Valle: Dolmens of Tomillo.
26
27
Cultural Routes. Prehistoric Cadiz
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
02.3
The Phoenician Route
Centre for Interpretation of "Prehistoric Cadiz". Benalup.
For the last leg of our prehistoric route, we head
towards the Sierra de Cadiz, which is where the
major megalithic works of the province can be
found. We’ll visit the dolmens of Alberite (Llanos
de Villamartin), which date back more than
6,000 years, with one tunnel-shaped dolmen in
particular (Alberite I) which is some 20 metres
long with a large entrance. Located some 15
km away, on a hill in the municipality of Puerto
Serrano, is the site of Fuente de Ramos, a vast
necropolis of artificial caves.
Centre for Interpretation
of "Prehistoric Cadiz".
And finally we conclude our trip by visiting the
dolmen of El Charcón (El Gastor), also known
as the Giant’s Tomb for its size and the set of
megalithic structures of Alcalá del Valle, known
as the dolmens of Tomillo, a necropolis consisting of two tombs dating back to the Chalcolithic
period, as well as a menhir.
Dolmens of Tomillo.
Alcalá del Valle.
Almost three thousand years ago, ships from Tyre and Sidon left the
Strait of Gibraltar behind and began a dangerous navigation through
the waters of the Atlantic. They came upon Gadir, which had become
one of the main Phoenician sites in the western Mediterranean.
Our starting point can be none other than the city of Cadiz, which
the Phoenicians founded in 1104 B.C.E. Gadir. As an exceptional
testimony of this very prosperous historical period for the territory
of Cadiz we have the archaeological site Gadir, considered the most
important of the western Mediterranean basin. This visit, which lasts
approximately 20 to 30 minutes, unfolds through a spectacular
glass walkway, with its central axis revolving around the figure of
the Phoenician Mattan.
During this interactive tour which traces the evolution of the city
from its foundation to Roman times you can see the remains of the
ancient Phoenician city, including the layout of streets, houses, and
utensils from the ninth century B.C.E. A total of eight houses have
been preserved, arranged around two streets paved with clay, where
it is still possible to see the fossilised footprints of several cattle
which walked these streets in the past. It is also possible to see
construction for a factory for Roman fishing manufacturing.
Phoenician
Route
Cádiz:
ΠGadir Archaeological
Site
 House of the Bishop
OF INTEREST
Centre for Interpretation
of “Prehistoric Cadiz”
, Calle Huelva s/n.
Benalup-Casas Viejas
O 956 417 927
w www.centroprehistoricobenalup.com
Archaeological Site
Ž Cadiz Museum
El Puerto de Santa María:
 Doña Blanca
Archaeological Site
San Fernando:
 Island of Sancti Petri.
Temple of Melkart and
Castillo..
28
29
Cultural Routes. The Phoenician Route
Cadiz Museum
Cultural Routes. The Phoenician Route
Archaeological site Casa del Obispo
Our next destination is found near the cathedral
in Cadiz, the archaeological site Casa del Obispo,
the remains of which date back from between
the eigth century B.C.E. to the eighteenth century, located below the former Episcopal Palace.
Of particular note is the funerary monument
from the Phoenician era (sixth century B.C.E.)
which, along with its annexes carved into the
rock, forms one of the most important funerary complexes of the Iberian Peninsula and the
remains of a Roman temple.
Gadir Archaeological
Site
Did you
know..?
êê
At the jewellery
store Joyería Rivera,
in Cadiz, exclusive
reproductions are
sold of a Phoenician
ring found in 1997
inside a tomb
ransacked in the
Casa del Obispo. It is
made of gold and has
two dolphins carved
on it, one of the
symbols of Gadir.
While still in the city known as Tacita de Plata,
we head toward the popular Plaza de Mina,
where the Cadiz Museum is found, containing
valuable archaeological finds from Phoenician
times, such as amphorae, a sculpture of the
goddess Astarte, and bronzes dedicated to the
god Melkart. However, the real stars of the Cadiz
funerary world are, without a doubt, the two
anthropoid sarcophagi found in the city, which
possess more Hellenized features than seen
elsewhere. The first one, the male, appeared
in an area known as Punta de la Vaca in 1887,
who had to wait almost a hundred years (1980)
for his female companion to join him. Only ten
sarcophagi of this type have been found worldwide, and only three are women. They are now
housed in museums in Beirut and Carthage, as
well as The Louvre.
■❚❙ The Face of Mattan
At the Phoenician site of Gadir, visitors can view
the face of Mattan, a Phoenician who died in
a huge fire that took place in the city back in
the seventh century B.C.E., from which a facial
reconstruction was performed using the most
advanced digital and forensic technology.
We now turn to El Puerto de Santa María in search of the site of Doña
Blanca, an archaeological area located on the summit and slopes of
the Sierra de San Cristobal. The area can be accessed by local road
201 from El Puerto de Santa María to Jerez de la Frontera through
El Portal, through which it continues towards the latter until kilometre marker 3,300. Its excavation revealed the remains of walls, a
necropolis (with hypogea from the Bronze Age and a tumulus with 63
interments), and homes all indicating a port city inhabited between
the eighth and third centuries B.C.E. with economic development
based primarily on trade.
Finally, we end our journey in San Fernando, the municipality of which
encompasses the island or islet of Sancti Petri, around which there
has always been an aura of mystery and legend. In the vicinity of this
was the temple to the Phoenician god Melkart, who always played
a key role in the economic and social cohesion of the Phoenician
settlement, regulating its commercial activities. The sanctuary had
an oracle who was visited by famous individuals known for their
exploits or nobility, such as Hannibal or Julius Caesar. Today the
island is home to a tower from the eighth century and a castle, a set
of buildings erected between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries.
You can visit them and they are still in good condition thanks to
restoration works completed in 2010.
Site of Doña Blanca. El Puerto de Santa María.
OF INTEREST
GADIR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, Calle San Miguel, 15 - Cádiz
O 956 226 337
w www.turismo.cadiz.es
HOUSE OF THE BISHOP
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, Plaza Fray Félix, s/n - Cádiz
O 956 264 734
w www.lacasadelobispo.com
[Cerrado temporalmente]
DOÑA BLANCA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, Ctra. del Portal, km. 3,2 El Puerto de Santa María
O 856 105 058
w www.turismoelpuerto.com
[Groups available by reservation]
SANCTI PETRI VISITS
w www.albarco.com
www.espacionautico.com
www.novojet.net
LOGGIA, Gestión de
Patrimonio Cultural, S.L.
Tel. 667 502 369 – 610 080 553
30
31
Cultural Routes. The Roman Route
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
02.4
The Roman Route
In the third century B.C.E., the Province of Cadiz fell into the hands of
the Romans who already controlled the Guadalquivir valley; this would
later result in a flourishing economic, political, and commercial period
of its history. Along this route, we will be able to admire the extensive
legacy of the Empire.
The large number of archaeological remains from Roman times,
and their dispersion across the
geography of Cadiz has resulted in
the division of this route into two
paths (Coastal and Inland) which
will make our trip much more
comfortable and convenient. The
COASTAL ITINERARY first takes us
to Cadiz, the former Gades, which
during the time of the Balbus
family achieved great economic
importance.
Salting Factory. Cadiz.
It was precisely Lucius Cornelius
Balbus “the Lessor” who ordered
the construction of the Roman
Theatre of Cadiz, in the present district of Pópulo, around 70 B.C.E.
The excavations performed so far only make it possible to view part
of this monument: remains of the original facade, at the top; much
of the semi-circular stands, part of the area of the stage, and a
piece of the spectator walking gallery. The perfect complement to
this valuable site is the Centre for Interpretation, created to provide
a complete overview of the theatre and to discover its similarities
and differences with other known Roman theatres, the materials
used in its construction, etc. Among its fundamental contents are the
models which faithfully illustrate both the current state of excavated
theatre, as well as the restitution of any parts which are missing or
yet to be discovered.
While still in Pópulo we can visit the Roman remains preserved at
the archaeological site Casa del Obispo, which during the that time
could have been used as a place of worship of the gods Apollo,
Asclepius, and Hygia. If we walk down the street Cuesta de Recaño,
in the old area of Cadiz at the site of the old
theatre Andalucía, we can find traces of the
Roman canning and fishing industry, including
a fish salting factory from the first century
B.C.E., which remained in operation until the
early fourth century. Located in one of its
cisterns were charcoal drawings of the Gades
Lighthouse, now exhibited at the Museum of
Cadiz, where you can also see other findings
from this period coming from Claudia Baelo,
Carissa Aurelia, or Gades itself.
Outside of the walls, beyond the Puertas de
Tierra, there are the Roman columbaria, which
are now the only visitable testimony of the
necropolis and the remains of the aqueduct,
which Lucius Cornelius Balbus “the Greater”
had built in order to supply water to the neapolis, or ‘new city’, built in the first century B.C.E.
in the area now occupied by the Santa María
and Pópulo districts.
From Cadiz we proceed to Bolonia, a village
in Tarifa where the archaeological site of
Baelo Claudia can be found, consisting of the
Roman city itself, with its visitors’ circuit and
an indoor museum space, which includes the
Visitor Centre. Baelo Claudia was founded in the
second century B.C.E. and reached its peak during the reign of Emperor Claudius (first century
C.E.). Its origin and subsequent development
are closely linked to the salting industries and
trade with North Africa. It represents a clear reference to the knowledge of Roman urbanism,
as it retains all of the representative elements
Centre for Interpretation of
Roman Theatre. Cadiz.
Baelo Claudia.
Baelo Claudia.
Roman
Route
COASTAL ROUTE:
Cádiz: Œ Cádiz. Bolonia
- Tarifa:  Baelo Claudia
Archaeological Site. San
Roque: Ž Carteia.
INTERIOR ROUTE:
Medina Sidonia: ΠAsido
Caesarina. Espera: 
Carissa Aurelia. Prado del
Rey: Ž Iptuci and Salinas
de Cabeza de Hortales.
Ubrique:  Ocuri. Benaocaz:
 Roman Road.
32
33
Cultural Routes. The Roman Route
■❚❙ The Roman salt
mines of Iptuci
Today you can purchase
salt directly from the old
salt mines of Iptuci. The old
wells built around springs
have been preserved, from
which water has steadily
flowed year-round since
antiquity with an average
temperature of 25ºC and
a salt content of 28 gr/l.
The salt collection process,
which is done entirely by
hand, takes place during
two summer months, during
which time more than 300
tonnes are extracted.
Cultural Routes. The Roman Route
of a Roman city: the forum, temples in the Capitol, oriental temples such as the one dedicated
to Isis, a basilica, administrative
buildings such as the curia or
municipal archives, a market,
the baths, the industrial zone, a
complete wall with its front gates,
streets, aqueducts, and a theatre
where classic plays are now performed in summer.
This first coastal route ends in the
town of San Roque, in which the
archaeological site of Carteia is
found. Of Phoenician origin and
settled on an ancient Punic city
in 171 B.C.E., Rome granted it
the title of Colonia Libertinorum
Carteia, thus making it the first
Latin colony off Italian soil.
Beyond its military role, serving
as a base of the Roman fleet and as the main commercial port in the
Strait of Gibraltar, Carteia was recognised for its canning tradition.
Of particular note are the remains of a bathhouse, a basilica pool,
the monumental staircase built during the time of Augustus (which
leads to the platform upon which the city temple stood), the Roman
theatre (very similar in shape and dimensions as that in Merida),
and various domus (homes), as well as a fish salting factory.
The second ITINERARY proposed to explore the Rome’s legacy is carried out in the INTERIOR and through the mountain range (SIERRA)
of the Cadiz province. The starting point is in Medina Sidonia, the
Roman Asido Caesarina, with an archaeological site that illustrates
the exemplary sanitation infrastructure and public supply of Roman
Carteia. San Roque.
civilisation, including the remains of hydraulic
structures and underground galleries which
correspond to the sewers and sewage systems
of the early Roman city. The visit is permitted
through the Archaeological Museum, since the
Roman remains are located beneath its subsoil. A few metres from the museum you can
also appreciate the Roman road, which runs
four metres below the street.
About 50 minutes away by car we arrive at the
site of Carissa Aurelia, in what is now Espera,
the Roman city of which a walled urban area
has been preserved as well as a vast necropolis
with burials in hypogea (alcoves dug into the
rock), as well as a mausoleum. A very unique
type of tomb has also been found, the likes of
which have not been found at any other site
dating back to Roman times: the tombs are
carved into the ground in the shape of a Greek
cross. Visits to the site are organised with the
Tourist Office in town, and reservations must
be made in advance.
We then head to the town of Prado del Rey.
Five kilometres away, in Cabezo de Hortales,
the Roman city of Iptuci was founded in the
second century B.C.E., where one can still
see remains of its walls and towers, as well as
some vestiges of pavements and architectural
housing elements. The Roman city exploited
the salt deposits found in the surrounding area,
constructing salt mines in the middle of Sierra
de Cadiz, which are the only ones in the interior
that can be seen and even visited and which
are still in operation to this day.
Ocuri Archaeological Site.
Roman sewer systems.
Medina Sidonia.
Ancient roman salt mines
of Iptuci. Prado del Rey.
34
35
Cultural Routes. The Roman Route
Baelo Claudia
Salting Factory.
Tarifa.
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
We continue our journey by visiting the Roman city
of Ocuri (second century C.E.) which is located on
top of the Salto de la Mora (Ubrique), a limestone
hill about a kilometre from the present village. Its
strategic position, imposing height buttressed by its
walls, and overall extent tells us that this municipality must have been greatly important. Outside
the walls of the city is the necropolis and its most
important monument: the mausoleum. We can also
see its Cyclopean wall and the hot springs in the
upper area. To arrange a visit, you must contact the
Municipal Tourist Office of Ubrique.
And finally, we conclude the route admiring the
Roman road from Benaocaz to Ubrique, from the first
century B.C.E., which has been quite well preserved.
HOUSE OF THE BISHOP
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, Plaza Fray Félix, s/n – Cádiz
O 956 264 734
w www.lacasadelobispo.com
Cerrado temporalmente
SALTING FACTORY
, C/ Sacramento, 16 – Cádiz
O 677 982 945
MUSEUM OF CADIZ
, Plaza de Mina, s/n
O 856 105 034
ROMAN COLUMBARIA
, General Ricardos, nº 5 –Cádiz
O 956 203 385
REMAINS OF THE ROMAN AQUEDUCT
, Plaza Asdrúbal, s/n – Cádiz
BAELO CLAUDIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL
SITE
, Ensenada de Bolonia, s/n - Tarifa
O 956 106 797 - 956 106 793
Castles and
Fortresses
With the Islamic presence and struggles between Muslims and Christians
for territory, Cadiz began to be populated with castles, watchtowers,
fortresses and citadels both along the coast and inland.
Supported by its history and geography, the province of Cadiz offers
a wide-ranging catalogue of military architecture whose geographical
dispersion means that this cultural route must be divided into TWO
ITINERARIES so that it is more accessible to the traveller. The FIRST
spans the Atlantic coast from the mouth of the river Guadalquivir
until Tarifa, detouring into the Alcornocales natural park.
We began our trip at Sanlúcar de Barrameda, internationally known
for its spectacular horse races along the beach, where one can
admire the Santiago castle, built at the end of the fifteenth century. This imposing Gothic fortress functioned until 1645 as a
OF INTEREST
ROMAN THEATRE AND THE CENTRE
FOR THEATRE INTERPRETATION
, Calle Mesón, 13 – Cádiz
O 677 982 945
02.5
ARCHAEOLOGICAL ENCLAVE
OF CARTEIAE
, Autovía A-7, Salida 116 Guadarranque - San Roque
O Tel. 956 908 030 - 600 143 014
ROMAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
OF ASIDO CAESARINA.
, C/ Ortega, 10 - Medina Sidonia
O 956 423 017 - 956 412 404
CARISSA AURELIA
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, C/ Corredera, 6 - Espera
O 956 720 432
ANCIENT ROMAN SALT MINES
OF IPTUCI
, Ctra. Arcos-El Bosque, km. 25 –
Prado del Rey
O 956 723 205 - 639 46 75 12
OCURI ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
, Ctra. Ubrique - Benaocaz, s/n
Salto de la Mora - Ubrique
O 956 464 900
w www.ciudadromanadeocuri.es
Castles and Fortresses
FROM THE COAST TO ALCORNOCALES
Sanlúcar de Barrameda: Œ Santiago Castle. Chipiona:  Chipiona Castle. Rota: Ž Luna Castle.
El Puerto de Santa María:  San Marcos Castle. Cádiz:  Fortified city of Cadiz. San Fernando:
‘ Castillo de San Romualdo. ’ Sancti Petri Castle. Conil de la Frontera: “ Guzmán Tower. Vejer
de la Frontera: ” Vejer Castle. Zahara de los Atunes: • Almadrabas Castle. Tarifa: Guzmán
el Bueno Castle. Castellar de la Frontera: Castellar Viejo Fortress. Jimena de la Frontera:
Jimena de la Frontera Castle.
THROUGH THE COUNTRY-SIDE
AND MOUNTAINS
Medina Sidonia: ΠCastle,
Doña Blanca Tower and Walled
Precinct Doors. San José del Valle:
 Gigonza Castle. Jerez de la
Frontera: Ž Alcazar and the Dark
Chamber. Arcos de la Frontera:
 Arcos de la Frontera Castle.
Bornos:  Palacio de los Ribera
Castle. Espera: ‘ Fatetar Castle.
Villamartín: ’ Matrera Castle.
Zahara de la Sierra: “ Zahara
de la Sierra Castle. Olvera: ”
Frontera y los Castillos Museum
and Castle. Torre Alháquime: •
Remains of the Torre Alháquime
Castle. Setenil de las Bodegas:
Remains of the Setenil Castle.
36
37
Cultural Routes. Castles and Fortresses
Luna Castle. Rota.
Cultural Routes. Castles and Fortresses
ducal fortress, hosting
illustrious figures such
as Queen Isabella and
Christopher Columbus.
Only 8 km away is the
fishing village of Chipiona,
and its crenellated castle
which today houses the
Cadiz Interpretation of
the New World Centre,
together with its famous
lighthouse, the tallest in
Spain.
Continuing along the coast we arrive at Rota, whose most emblematic building is Luna castle from the thirteenth century. It has a
rectangular ground floor with five crenellated towers and houses an
original courtyard from the fifteenth century with a beautiful arched
gallery and picturesque skirting. There are also preserved ruins of
the walls, including Puerta de Regla or Chipiona, Sanlúcar and Puerta
del Mar. A 20-minute drive to El Puerto de Santa María takes you to
the San Marcos Castle, built over a mosque in the tenth century. It is
now owned by Bodegas Caballero, who manage the visits.
Our next destination is the city of Cadiz, which presents a complex
fortification system whose construction started in the sixteenth
century to protect from the looting of 1596 by troops of the Earl of
Essex. Robust walls and bastions surround part of the urban perimeter. The visit starts at the Puertas de Tierra, whose half-bastions,
San Roque and Santa Elena are terraced. If we continue along the
esplanade, we arrived at Campo del Sur, which borders the old town
and allows us to contemplate the Capuchin and Mártires defensive
bastions. La Caleta beach is guarded by two castles, Santa Catalina
(sixteenth to seventeenth century) forming a three-pointed star on
the side facing the sea, and San Sebastián completed during the
eighteenth century. Both currently serve as cultural centres and
exhibition spaces. The bastion of Candelaria and the walls of San
Carlos, both found in the Apodaca boulevard, conclude our tour of
the fortified city.
Setenil de las Bodegas
And from Cadiz, we follow on towards San Fernando, which has two
fortresses in the municipality, the San Romualdo and the Sancti Petri
Castles, facing the Chiclana de la Frontera beaches. If we continue
to follow the Atlantic coastline we will find, in Conil de la Frontera,
a succession of towers (Roche, Castilnovo, La Atalaya, etc.) that
defended the area from attacks of all kinds with fire, smoke and
artillery signals. The keep within the Conileño castle still remains
almost as graceful as the first day it was constructed – albeit much
transformed – under the orders of Guzmán El Bueno in the sixteenth
century. Slightly off the coast, and on top of a nearby hill, sits Vejer,
with its magnificent fortified complex and its well-preserved walls,
towers (such as the Mayorazgo, Corredera and San Juan), doors
(Sancho IV de la Villa, Cerrada and the Segur) and, of course, the castle on a rectangular ground, three towers and the parade courtyard.
The need to defend fishing and trap netting activities, property of the
dukes of Medina Sidonia, resulted in the construction of bunkers
along the coast. Of free access, the Almadrabas Castle (sixteenth
century) in Zahara de los Atunes (Barbate) had three functions: it was
a castle against piracy, residential palace and chanca or crushing
plant where the tuna was cut up, salted and prepared. It takes
just over half an hour to arrive at Tarifa, where one of the walled
enclosures from the Caliphate area can be found, one of the best
preserved in Europe. There one can admire the castle of Guzman el
Bueno with its belt of walls and doors, and visit the interpretation
centre located inside.
Leaving the strait behind and
entering Alcornocales natural park we must not miss
the extremely well-preserved
Castellar de la Frontera fortress
(twelfth-fifteenth centuries).
Irregularly walled and flanked by
towers, the gateway or Arco de
la Villa and the fortress-palace,
now a hotel and restaurant, are a
sight to behold. Inside the castle
San Sebastian Castle. Cádiz.
Tarifa Castle.
38
39
Cultural Routes. Castles and Fortresses
Fatetar Castle. Espera
Jerez de la Frontera Alcazar
we can find one of the few examples of an
inhabited fortress, called Castellar Viejo with its
winding street layout that feels medieval. This
first itinerary ends with a visit to the neighbouring monumental castle Jimena de la Frontera
(thirteenth-fourteenth century).
Hot Arab baths
in the Jerez de la Frontera
Alcazar.
Zahara de la Sierra
Castle.
Cultural Routes. Castles and Fortresses
The SECOND ITINERARY runs through the
countryside and the Cadiz mountains offering
visits to magnificent monuments and a large
number of rock castles. It begins in Medina
Sidonia, where part of the old alcázar is preserved originally a keep, it is known today as
the Doña Blanca tower – as are three of its
main gates: the Pastora, Belén and Puerta del
Sol arcs. On the road from Medina Sidonia to
Arcos, just over 10 km from Paterna de Rivera
and in the municipality of San José del Valle, we
can found the famous Gigonza castle, of Arab
origin. Although it is private property, it can be
visited by appointment.
Continuing through the mountains we arrived at Bornos, which has a
good example of a castle converted into a palace, with Renaissance
architectural elements especially visible in its colonnaded courtyard and its magnificent windows. This castle-palace of the Ribera
houses a Cultural and Tourist centre in its interior. Espera lies to the
north, with its Fatetar castle from the thirteenth-fifteenth centuries,
and is freely accessible. And about 20 km from there, in Cerro del
Pajarete in the municipality of Villamartín, we find the Matrera castle,
which underwent a controversial restoration despite having won the
Architizer A+ international architecture award in the preservation
category.
And so we come to two of the most spectacular villages in this
province, Zahara de la Sierra, recognisable by the image of the
castle’s graceful keep (thirteenth-fifteenth centuries), perched on a
bluff overlooking the whitewashed houses of this medieval village;
and Olvera, with its castle from the Moorish area (twelfth century). A
visit to the Frontera y los Castillos Museum located in the magnificent
Cilla building, offers the visitor a perspective of the important role
From there we head to Jerez de la Frontera,
cradle of the Carthusian horse and flamenco,
with its magnificent alcázar of Almohad origin which was the residence of the Sevillian
caliphs and Christian governors. Among its
highlights are the mosque, which Alfonso X
turned into the Chapel of Santa María la Real,
the Moorish baths and the garden of Olivos,
which harmonises with the baroque palace of
Villavicencio and whose tower’s dark chamber
can be enjoyed.
■❚❙ GUZMÁN EL BUENO’S SACRIFICE
The castle of Tarifa owes its name to the heroic deed by Alonso Pérez de
Guzman, who in 1294, when he was commander of the fortress, sacrificed
his son at the hands of the Muslims rather than surrendering the castle
entrusted to him by the king. They say he threw his own knife from the
octagonal tower to kill his son.
Now squarely in the Cadiz
mountains, the Arcos de
la Frontera fortress can be
seen in all its corpulence,
square and with crenellated towers at the corners, the most noteworthy
of which include the keep
and the so-called Tower of
the Secret. Although it is
privately owned, there are
a number of days per year
when one can visit it, by
appointment.
Panoramic view of Arcos de la Frontera.
40
41
Cultural Routes. Castles and Fortresses
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
played by the Cadiz mountains as a frontier during the Moorish reign.
This second itinerary is completed with the Alháquime and Setenil
de las Bodegas Towers, located along the north-eastern border with
the neighbouring province of Malaga, which preserve some remains
of their castles.
02.6
Route
The American Route
The commercial promises that encouraged great adventurers and
explorers to set sail from the ports of Cadiz to distant lands has become
an extraordinary cultural legacy that circumvents the Atlantic and binds
the south of Andalusia with Latin America.
Olvera
Castle
Palacio de los Ribera
Castle. Bornos.
OF INTEREST
SANTIAGO CASTLE
, Cava del Castillo
O 956 923 500 – 637 834 846
www.castillodesantiago.com
CHIPIONA MEDIEVAL CASTLE
, Centro de Interpretación Cádiz y el
Nuevo Mundo
O 956 929 065
LUNA CASTLE
, Oficina de Turismo de Rota
Visitas guiadas previa reserva
O 956 846 345
SAN MARCOS CASTLE
, Plaza del Castillo, s/n – El Puerto
de Santa María
O Reservas: 627 569 335
SANCTI PETRI CASTLE
, Isla de Sancti Petri - San Fernando
w www.albarco.com
w www.espacionautico.com
w www.novojet.net
LOGGIA, Gestión de Patrimonio
Cultural, S.L.
O 667 502 369 – 610 080 553
GUZMÁN TOWER
, Oficina de Turismo de Conil de la
Frontera
O 956 440 501
VEJER DE LA FRONTERA CASTLE
, Oficina municipal de Turismo
O 956 451 736
GUZMÁN EL BUENO CASTLE
, Centro de Interpretación del
Castillo -Tarifa
O 956 68 4869
GIGONZA CASTLE
, San José del Valle
O Previa Cita Tel. 697 910 977
ALCAZAR AND THE DARK CHAMBER
, Alameda Vieja, s/n – Jerez de la
Frontera
O 956 149 955 - 956 149 956
ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA CASTLE
, Oficina de Turismo de Arcos de la
Frontera
O Previa reserva - Tel. 956 702 264
Palacio de los Ribera Castle
, Centro Cultural y Turístico-Bornos
O 956 728 264
Frontera y los Castillos
Museum and Castle
, Edificio Cultural La Cilla- Olvera
O 956 120 816
We start our tour in Cadiz, an ancient city that experienced one of
the moments of greatest splendour in its history since the discovery
of America, becoming an output for numerous commercial expeditions. But it is not until the eighteenth century when it becomes
commercially important, when the monarch Felipe II moves the Casa
de Contratación from Seville to Cadiz, an important milestone that
the city commemorated in 2017; celebrating its 300th anniversary.
A walk along the Cadiz waterfront from the Caleta to the Campo del
Sur evokes images of the Malecon in Havana. The sea is visible
from the New Cathedral, which combines baroque and neoclassical
styles. Adding to its gold-tiled coated dome is a majestic interior,
in whose crypt lie the musician Manuel de Falla and the writer José
María Pemán.
The prosperous bourgeois who lived in the city and the prominent
families of shippers to the Indias built their palaces and mansions
with spectacular baroque façades in the streets near the port; and
from their towers they could watch the arrival of their ships. One
can admire the Sopranis and Lilacs houses on calle Sopranis. Other
beautiful houses include the home of the Admiral, the Lasquetty
American
Route
Œ Cádiz.
 El Puerto de Santa María.
Ž Jerez de la Frontera
 Sanlúcar de Barrameda
 Chipiona
42
43
Cultural Routes. The American Route
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
Cathedral of Cadiz
House of the Cinco Torres.
Did you
êê know..?
house, the Cadenas, Cinco Torres and Cuatro
Torres houses and the Tower of Tavira, with a
dark chamber in its interior.
Juan de la Cosa,
cartographer in
1500 of the first
world map to include
the Americas, was
the owner of the
Santa María which
he would master
on Christopher
Columbus' first
expedition.
To protect their wealth and riches from pirate
attacks the city chose to raise new and modern
defences. Still in perfect condition, the San
Sebastián and Santa Catalina castles, the
Puerta de Tierra, the bastions of La Candelaria,
Capuchin and Mártires and the walls of San
Carlos can be visited.
From Cadiz we will move on to El Puerto de
Santa María. It was the site of one of the
general captaincy of the Mar Océana and its
shipyards would equip many of the ships to sail
to the Indias. We can still admire the Ribera
del Guadalete area (the dry docks, wharves
and dockyards), the former Customs Ducal, former wharf of Galeras
and the Royal Galeras fountains today. In the Cultural Centre Alfonso
X El Sabio a facsimile reproduction of the world map of Juan de la
Cosa along with documents on Christopher Columbus’ stay in the
city is exhibited.
Its mercantilist status turned it into a residence for entrepreneurs
on their way to the Indias, who, upon building their luxury homes,
made up a monumental ensemble laced with beautiful Baroque
houses-palaces. It was known as the “City of the Hundred Palaces”
in the eighteenth century because of its outstanding buildings such
as the Vizarrón, the Reinoso Mendoza, Aranibar, Valdivieso, Purullena
and Varela house-palaces, among many others.
We turn now towards Jerez de la Frontera, which was at that time one
of the most prosperous cities in Andalusia thanks to agricultural and
livestock and exports of its wines throughout Europe and America.
This splendour drove the construction of monuments as important
as the cathedral and the magnificent Cartuja de Santa María de la
Defensión. Its old town offers authentic pedigree neighbourhoods,
with hidden streets, squares and corners where fountains and
orange trees are lost amongst the palaces and manor houses,
Gothic churches and ancient cellars.
Our next destination is a
25km-drive away: Sanlúcar
de Barrameda, which was an
important, overseas, commercial enclave for trade between
America and the Port of Seville
sponsored by the dukes of
Medina Sidonia. An American
influence can be seen in all
the historical sites, from the
merchants’ residences and
the Marquis de Arizón’s manJerez de la Frontera Carthusians monastery.
sion with its lookout tower, to
the churches such as Santo
Domingo and convents such as
the Merced (now the Merced Auditorium) and the Capuchin, without
forgetting the Renaissance Guzman or the dukes of Medina Sidonia
palaces, with their magnificent collections of art and a valuable
historical archive.
The sailors Fernando de Magallanes and Juan Sebastián Elcano
left on an expedition from this town which would become the first to
circumvent the globe. This is one of the historical events which the
exhibition that can be seen at the Interpretation of the New World
Centre in Chipiona, is based on, dedicated to the relationship the
province of Cadiz has with the discovery, colonisation and exploitation of the New World, and where our route ends.
Former Convent
of La Merced
(now Auditorium).
Art Collection of the Dukes
of Medina Sidonia Palace.
OF INTEREST
TAVIRA TOWER - DARK CHAMBER
, C/ Marqués del Real Tesoro,
nº 10 – Cádiz
O 956 212 910
w www.torretavira.com
CULTURAL CENTRE ALFONSO X
EL SABIO
, Punto expositivo sobre Cristóbal
Colón y Juan de la Cosa.
C/ Virgen de los Milagros, 89El Puerto de Santa María
PALACE OF THE GUZMANES – CASA
MEDINA SIDONIA FOUNDATION
, Plaza Condes de Niebla –
Sanlúcar de Barrameda
O 956 360 161 - 617607389
w www.fcmedinasidonia.com
INTERPRETATION OF THE NEW
WORLD CENTRE
, C/Castillo, 5- Chipiona
O 956 929 065 - 956 929 084
w www.aytochipiona.es
44
45
Cultural Routes. Route of the 1812 Constitution
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
02.7
Route of the 1812
Constitution
The La Pepa 2012 interpretation centre is located in an annex to
the oratory, and nearby is the Cortes de Cadiz Museum, whose main
attraction is the large model of the city in 1777.
We head now towards calle Ancha, which was the aristocratic centre
of the city, and then to calle Rosario, to visit the Santa Cueva oratorio
and contemplate three paintings by Goya. We end our tour of the
capital with a visit to the plaza and street of San Francisco, a shopping area with cafés, taverns and kitchens that was also frequented
by socialites from this area in the twelfth century.
This route runs through the two cities that were protagonists during
one of Spain's most important moments in modern history: Cadiz and
San Fernando.
It is the year 1812.
Napoleon’s troops have
invaded the countr y
and the politicians who
have escaped the siege
have taken refuge in the
south of the peninsula,
in the province of Cadiz,
as its geographical position is impregnable. San
Monument to commemorate
the Constitution. Cádiz.
Fernando first and Cadiz
later will receive the
Deputies who authored
the Constitution of 1812, the first liberal Constitution of Spain and
Europe and one of the most modern of its time. The signing of the
text was celebrated by thousands of inhabitants of Cadiz with a civic
procession through the city. We will now follow in their footsteps.
We leave Plaza España where the monument that was made to commemorate the centenary of the Constitution is located. Also located
in this plaza is the Provincial Government palace and the former
Customs Building, from where the La Pepa procession started. After
a tour down the Apodaca boulevard, we find the baroque Carmen
church, where the “Te Deum” was held for the completion of the constitutional text. Very close to this location is the Plaza del Mentidero,
today full of terraces where you can sit and have something to eat
or drink.
In the Plaza de San Antonio, a space for civil and religious gatherings
during the nineteenth century, you can admire buildings such as the
Aramburu house, the Cadiz Casino or the building that hosted the
Café Apolo, a location for political gatherings. Calle Torre takes us to
the oratory of San Felipe Neri, an important place on our route as it
was here that the Magna Carta was drafted and sealed. Inside the
chapel of the Sagrario and the main altarpiece presided by a painting
by Murillo representing the Immaculate Conception is worth noting.
Model of the city of Cadiz in 1777.
Cortes of Cadiz Museum
Exhibition Hall of the Cortes
of Cadiz Museum
San Felipe Neri Oratory.
Route of
the 1812
Constitution
Œ Cádiz.
 San Fernando.
46
47
Cultural Routes. Route of the 1812 Constitution
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
02.8
Santa Cueva Oratory. Cadiz.
“La Pepa 2012” Interpretation Centre. Cadiz.
Spectacular landscapes, idyllic beaches, an ancient history and a mild
climate are the reasons why the province of Cadiz is the perfect natural
stage, sought after for decades by directors like Steven Spielberg and
Pedro Almodovar.
Did you
know..?
êê
Omelettes (French
omelette in Spanish)
had their names
coined when the
French invaded Spain
and first made their
appearance at the inns
near the streets of
San Francisco because
of food shortages
(including potatoes)
during the siege of the
Napoleonic troops.
Film Destination
The other important city along this constitutional route is the ancient island of León,
San Fernando today. In the Real Teatro de las
Cortes, then called the Teatro Cómico, the
General and Extraordinary Courts of Spain
were held for the first time in the middle of the
Napoleonic invasion and were maintained until
they moved to Cadiz in February 1811. During
this period the seat of government of the nation
was established in the current convent of the
Enseñanza de María, located in calle Real, an
artery of the city.
■❚❙ SAN FERNANDO AND THE NAPOLEONIC TROOPS
The most significant events from the defence of the island are
recreated every year by the islanders. In June the naval battle of
1808 is commemorated. In the months of July and August the
defence of the Sancti Petri castle, and in September the defence
of the Real Isla de León (the army withdrawal from Extremadura,
the battle of Portazgo and Adoption of the 1812 Constitution). The
representation of the painting by Casado del Alisal, which presides
over the Congress of Deputies – is also worth watching.
OF INTEREST
SAN FELIPE NERI ORATORY
, C/ Santa Inés, s/n – Cádiz
O 662 642 233
LA PEPA 2012 INTERPRETATION CENTRE
, Plaza de San Felipe Neri – Cádiz
O 697 959 727
CORTES DE CADIZ MUSEUM
, C/Santa Inés, 9 – Cádiz
O 956 221 788
REAL TEATRO DE LAS CORTES
, C/ Cortes, s/n – San Fernando
O 956 944 226
w www.realteatrodelascortes.com
Who does not remember Halle Berry’s sensual bath in Die Another
Day (2002) with the Santa Catalina castle in the background and
a handsome Pierce Brosnan with a mojito in hand waiting at the
Palma spa bar, converted into a hotel, on the beach of La Caleta?
But Cadiz was not Cadiz, it was Havana, and the Campo del Sur was
the island’s malecon. This was not the first time it had been passed
off as another city; in 1979 the city dressed up in Cuban clothes
to recreate a car chase in the film Cuba, starring Sean Connery.
The “Tacita de plata” (Cadiz is known as The Silver Tea Cup” because
of its light and the way the city is reflected in the sea) was also
transformed for the Hollywood film Knight & Day, (2010) starring Tom
Cruise and Cameron Díaz. The film shot an exciting motorcycle chase
through the streets of the historic centre while a San-Fermin-styled
running of the bulls took place in the background.
More than three decades ago, Steven Spielberg was so fascinated by
the sunset in a small town in the Cadiz countryside called Trebujena
that when his film crew were looking for sunsets in Israel and Kenya
for Empire of the Sun (1987), a film based on the Second World
Film
Destination
Œ Cádiz.
 Trebujena.
Ž Jerez de la Frontera.
 Puerto Real.
 San Fernando.
‘ Conil de la Frontera.
’ Los Caños de Meca.
“ Barbate.
” Tarifa.
• Los Barrios.
Algeciras.
La Línea de la Concepción.
48
49
Cultural Routes. Film Destination
Cultural Routes. Nombre capítulo y sección
■❚❙ JEAN RENO AND CADIZ
French actor of Spanish origin, Juan Moreno
Jiménez, better known as Jean Reno, has
the title of Adoptive Son of the province
of Cadiz since 2006, as his parents were
from that region; his mother from Jerez
and father from Sanlúcar de Barrameda,
they initially escaped Franco’s Spain to
North Africa and subsequently moved to
Marseille.
War, he suggested that they would find the
Did you
perfect one there. He had found “his sun”.
êê know..? On the marshlands of the ‘Alventus’ on the
In the Botanical
Garden of Los
Barrios there is a
famous twentiethcentury Baldwin
locomotive train
that has appeared
in films such as
Indiana Jones and
the Last Crusade,
Doctor Zhivago, The
Good, the Bad and
the Ugly and For a
Few Dollars More.
banks of the Guadalquivir, the director set up
a train station, an airport, an Olympic stadium
and a Japanese concentration camp, with its
hospital.
The Strait of Gibraltar and nearby towns have
also starred in numerous films such as El
Niño (2014) by Daniel Monzón, where much
of its filming took place in Algeciras or Alatriste
(2005), whose opening shots in Andalusia took
place in the dunes of Punta Paloma, where a
galleon 30 metres large was built on the beach
Valdevaqueros in Tarifa.The landing of Alatriste
was filmed on Castilnovo beach, in Conil, while
the San
Sebastian
castle in
the capital was the prison where
the swordsman recruited several
fellow adventurers.
, ■❚❙ SCENES FILMED IN CADIZ
Empire of the Sun by Steven Spielberg (1987) in Trebujena. La Ley del Deseo by Pedro
Almodóvar (1987) Cadiz, Conil de la Frontera, Jerez de la Frontera. Bajarse al moro by
Fernando Colomo (1988) Cadiz. La Caja 507 by Enrique Urbizu (2001) Cadiz, Tarifa and La
Línea de la Concepción. Die Another Day with Pierce Brosnan and Halle Berry (2002) Cadiz
and Puerto Real. Atún y chocolate by Pedro Carbonell (2003) Barbate. Alatriste by Agustin
Díaz Yanes (2005) Cadiz, Tarifa and Conil de la Frontera. Camarón by Jaime Chávarri (2005)
San Fernando. La carta esférica by Imanol Uribe (2007) Algeciras. Retorno a Hansala by
Chus Gutiérrez (2008) Algeciras and Los Barrios. Sólo quiero caminar by Agustín Díaz Yanes
(2008) Cadiz, Algeciras and Caños de Meca. Knight & Day with Tom Cruise and Cameron
Díaz (2010) Cadiz. Miel de naranjas by Imanol Uribe (2012) Jerez de la Frontera. El Niño by
Daniel Monzón (2014) Gibraltar, Tarifa and La Línea de la Concepción.
03
Circuits
of Interest
50
51
Circuits
of Interest.
Bayyofsección
Cadiz
Circuits of Interest.
Nombre
capítulo
Circuits
Bay of
of Cadiz
Cadiz
Circuits of
of Interest.
Interest. Bay
Bay
of Cadiz
Route 1
CÁDIZ - SAN FERNANDO - CHICLANA DE LA FRONTERA
22 km
CÁDIZ
•Cadiz: New Cathedral, Old Cathedral (Santa Cruz Church), Phoenician site of Gadir, Roman Theatre
and Interpretation Centre, Walled
city (San Sebastian and Santa
Catalina Castles, the Puerta de
Tierra, the bastions of La Candelaria, Capuchin and Mártires
and the Walls of San Carlos), the
Cadiz Museum, San Felipe Neri
Oratory and 1812 Constitution
Interpretation Centre, Cortes of
Cadiz Museum, Torre Tavira-Dark
Chambers, Santa Cueva Oratory,
the Cinco Torres and Cuatro Torres houses, home of the Almirante, Gran Teatro Falla, Barrio
de la Viña, Caleta Beach and Balneario La Palma.
SAN FERNANDO
•Sancti Petri Island and Castle
•San Fernando: San Romualdo
Castle, Historic Site “Suazo
Bridge and Other Fortifications”,
Town Hall, Real Teatro de las
Cortes, Iglesia Mayor, Carraca
Arsenal, the Navy Royal Institute and Observatory, the Naval
Museum, Pantheon of the Illustrious Marine, the Historical
Museum, Camaron de la Isla
Route and Museum.
CHICLANA DE LA FRONTERA
•Sancti Petri and home of the
Farero
•Chiclana: Municipal Museum,
Clock Tower, Church of San
Juan Bautista, Chapel of Santa
Ana, Francisco Montes Paquiro
Municipal Museum.
Route 2
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA - EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA - PUERTO
REAL
32 km
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
•Cartuja de Santa María de la
Defensión
•Jerez: Cathedral, Alcazar and the
Dark Chamber, Gothic churches
of Santiago, San Miguel and
San Mateo, Mudejar Church of
San Dionisio and San Lucas,
Cloisters of Santo Domingo,
Bertemati Palace, Palace of
the Viceroy Laserna, Municipal
Archaeological Museum, Museums of Atalaya, the Vollard Suite
Museum (Bodega Real Tesoro),
Royal Andalusian School of
Equestrian Art and Museums
of Horse Carriages and Equestrian Art.
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA
•Doña Blanca Archaeological site
•El Puerto: Priory basilica, San
Marcos Castle, las Galeras
Fountain, Victoria Monestary,
Vizarrón and Aranibar palacehouse, Cultural Center Alfonso
X El Sabio, Rafael Alber ti
Foundation Museum, Pedro
Muñoz Seca Museum, Municipal
Archaeological Museum.
PUERTO REAL
•Historical Museum El Dique
•Puerto Real: Priory Church of San
Sebastian, Callejon del Arco.
+ Suggestions
Wines with Designation of Origin Jerez Vinegar, Jerez Brandy, Almond Cakes
from the Augustines Convent (Chiclana de la Frontera), Ceramics.
Fried fish, Shrimp Fritters, Adobo, Clams, Sea Snails, Ortiguilllas, Fish from
Estero, Pestiños.
Wine route through the Bodegas del Marco de Jerez, Golf and Water Sports,
Relaxing in the Fuente Amarga Spa (Chiclana de la Frontera) the Jerez Zoo,
World Motorbike Championship (Jerez de la Frontera).
52
53
Circuits of Interest. Bajo Guadalquivir
Circuits
of Interest.
Campo
de Gibraltar
Circuits
of Interest.
Nombre
capítulo
y sección
Bajo
Guadalquivir
Campo de
Gibraltar
Route 1
Route 2
CHIPIONA - ROTA
SANLÚCAR de
BARRAMEDA-TREBUJENA
16 km
CHIPIONA
•Chipiona: “Cadiz and the New
World” Castle and Interpretation Centre, the Lighthouse, the
Shrine of Our Lady of Regla,
Parish of Our Lady of O, Humilladero, Rocio Jurado Museum
Collection and the Museum of
Muscatel.
ROTA
•Rota: Luna Castle, Remains of
the medieval walls (the doors
of Regla, Sanlúcar and Mar),
Our Lady of O Parish Church,
Torre de la Merced and Interpretation Centre Mayetería.
23 km
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
•Sanlúcar: Santiago Castle, Casa
de la Cilla, Our Lady of O Parish
Church, Santo Domingo Church,
Basilica of Our Lady of Charity,
Palace of the Dukes of Medina
Sidonia, Orleans Palace and
Borbón-City Hall, Auditory of la
Merced, the Covachas, Mythological Cadiz Interpretation Centre, Barbadillo Museum of Manzanilla, Seafarers’ quarter Bajo
de Guia.
TREBUJENA
•Trebujena: Remains of the castle and Parish of the Immaculate Conception.
+ Suggestions
Manzanilla de Sanlúcar, Chipiona Muscatel and Mosto from Trebujena.
Sanlúcar prawns, muscat grapes, Urta a la roteña, Garbanzos como conejos
typical dish, Shrimp, Eels, artisans Sanlúcar Ice Cream.
Visit to the wineries, Birdwatching, the ‘Sanlúcar-Guadalquivir-Doñana’ Fluvial
Route in the Real Fernando Ship, visit the Fishing Weir in Rota and Chipiona.
Route 1
Route 2
TARIFA - ALGECIRAS - LOS
BARRIOS
LA LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN
- SAN ROQUE - CASTELLAR DE
LA FRONTERA - JIMENA DE LA
FRONTERA
65 km
TARIFA
•Baelo Claudia Archaeological
Complex (Bologna).
•Tarifa: Walled city and Guzmán
el Bueno Castle, Santa Catalina
Castle, Santa María, San Francisco and San Mateo Churches.
ALGECIRAS
•Algeciras: Archaeological complex of Medieval Walls, Interpretation Centre of Andalusian
culture, Our Lady of La Palma
Church and Paco de Lucia route.
LOS BARRIOS
•Fishing village of Palmones
(Gastronomic Centre of Campo
de Gibraltar)
•Los Barrios: Urrutia House,
Church of San Isidro Labrador
and Betty Molesworth Botanical Park.
55 km
LA LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN
•La Línea: Church of the Immaculate, Cruz Herrera Museum,
Istmo Linense Bunkers and
Atunara Seafarers’ gastronomic
quarter.
SAN ROQUE
•Carteia Archaeological site
•San Roque: Santa María Coronada Church and Ortega Brú
Museum
CASTELLAR DE LA FRONTERA
•Castellar: Fortress and medieval
enclosure Castellar Viejo.
JIMENA DE LA FRONTERA
•Sanctuary of Our Lady of the
Angels.
•Jimena: Castle Archaeological
Site.
+ Suggestions
Cork crafts, Fishing preserves with Protected Geographical Indication
from Melva de Andalucía and Caballa de Andalucía.
Bluefin tuna, Salted fish, Mushrooms (Chanterelle) and Meats and Game.
Birdwatching and Whale watching in the Strait, Surfing, Windsurfing, Kitesurfing.
Collecting Mushrooms in the Alcornocales, Tuna and Bull routes.
54
55
Circuits of Interest. Nombre capítulo y sección
Circuits of Interest. Sierra
de Cádiz
- Pueblos
Circuits
of Interest.
Bay Blancos
of Cadiz
Circuits
Sierra
Cádiz - Pueblos Blancos
Circuits of
of Interest.
Interest. Bay
of de
Cadiz
Sierra de Cadiz Pueblos Blancos
Route 1
ARCOS DE LA FRONTERABORNOS - ESPERA
- VILLAMARTÍN - PUERTO
SERRANO
60 km
ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA
•Arcos: Ducal Castle, remains
of Arab walls and Puerta de
Matrera, Basilica of Santa María,
San Pedro Church, Interpretation
Centre Cuidad de Arcos (CICA),
Conde del Aguila Palace, Mayorazgo Palace and Andalusian
(Andalusí) Garden.
BORNOS
•Bornos: Ribera Castle-Palace
and its Gardens and Cultural
and Tourist Centre, Ordonez and
Cilla Houses, Church of Santo
Domingo de Guzmán.
ESPERA
•Carissa Aurelia Archaeological
Site
•Espera: Archaeological Museum,
Fatetar Castle and Santiago Hermitage, Diezmos Mill and Cilla
House, Church of Santa María
de Gracia.
VILLAMARTÍN
•Dolmens of Alberite
•Matrera Castle
PUERTO SERRANO
•Fuente de Ramos Necropoliss
Route 2
UBRIQUE - BENAOCAZ VILLALUENGA DEL ROSARIO
- GRAZALEMA - EL BOSQUEPRADO DEL REY
32 km
UBRIQUE
•Roman city of Ocuri
•Ubrique: Capuchin Convent
and ‘Manos y Magia en la Piel’
(Hands and Magic in Leather)
Permanent Exhibition, Interpretation Centre ‘San Juan de Letran’.
BENAOCAZ
•Remains of the Roman Road.
•Benaocaz: Nazari quarters and
Historical Ecomuseum.
VILLALUENGA DEL ROSARIO
•Villaluenga: Bull Ring, Church
of the Savior, House of the
poet Pedro Pérez Clotet and
Cheese Museum.
GRAZALEMA
•Village of Benamahoma
•Grazalema: Textile Crafts
Museum.
EL BOSQUE
El Bosque: Botanical Garden ‘El
Castillejo’ Bull Ring, Cheese
Interpretation Centre.
OLVERA
•Olvera: Medieval fortress with
walls, Towers and the Keep,
‘Olvera. La Frontera y los Castillos’ Museum Archpriest of Our
Lady of the Incarnation Church.
PRADO DEL REY
•Iptuci and Salinas de Cabezo
Hortales
TORRE-ALHÁQUIME
•Torre-Alháquime: Remains of
medieval walls and Arco de la
Villa.
Route 3
ALCALÁ DEL VALLE
•Dolmens of Tomillo
•Caños Santos Convent.
ZAHARA DE LA SIERRA OLVERA - TORRE ALHÁQUIME
- ALCALÁ DEL VALLE - SETENIL
DE LAS BODEGAS - EL GASTOR
32 km
ZAHARA DE LA SIERRA
•Zahara: Remains of Castle
and Keep, Clock Tower, the
picturesque town centre, Villa
Medieval Interpretation Centre.
SETENIL DE LAS BODEGAS
•Setenil: Picturesque old town,
Church of the Incarnation and
remains of the medieval Castle.
EL GASTOR
•Dolmen of El Charcón
•El Gastor: José María “El Tempranillo” Museum of Customs and
Traditions.
+ Suggestions
Grazalema blankets, Pottery, Leather Goods, Cork Crafts, Olive Oils
with Designation of Origin ‘Sierra de Cadiz’ Mosto Pajarete, Honey,
Liquors and jams and payoya handmade goat cheeses.
Asparagus and Golden thistle, Trout, Lamb, Deer, Boar and Game Meat,
Cold Cuts and Sausages, Payoyo Cheese.
Aerial sports, Paragliding and Hang Gliding (Algodonales and El Bosque),
Birdwatching, Caving, Water Sports on the artificial beach of Zahara de la Sierra,
Hiking through the natural park Sierra de Grazalema, Visit to the Cheese Dairies.
56
Circuits of Interest. La Janda
La Janda
Route 1
Route 2
CONIL DE LA FRONTERA - VEJER
DE LA FRONTERA - BARBATE
BENALUP-CASAS VIEJAS
- ALCALÁ DE LOS GAZULES MEDINA SIDONIA - SAN JOSÉ
DEL VALLE
30 km
CONIL DE LA FRONTERA
•Roche and Castilnovo Watchtowers.
•Conil: The Bastion, Guzmán Tower
and Puerta de la Villa, Raíces
Conileñas Museum, Fishing Port
and La Chanca.
VEJER DE LA FRONTERA
•Roman aqueduct of Santa Lucía.
•Foundation NMAC Museum of
Contemporary Art.
•Vejer: Castle, walled city flanked
by four doors (Segur, Sancho IV, la
Villa and Puerta Cerrada Arches)
and two towers: Torre del Mayorazgo and Torre de la Corredera;
Jewish Quarter, Mayorazgo, Parish
Church of the Divine Saviour, the
Vejeriegos Patios and San Miguel
Windmills.
BARBATE
•F ishing village of Zahara and
Almadrabas Castle.
•Meca beacon towers and the Tajo.
•Barbate: Albufera Port, Church of
Our Lady of Carmen, and the Tuna
Museum of Chanca.
75 km
BENALUP-CASAS VIEJAS
•Rock shelters of El Tajo de las Figures
•Celemín Dolmens
ALCALÁ DE LOS GAZULES
•Shrine of Our Lady of Saints Hermitage
•Alcalá de los Gazules: Remains
of the Castle and Muslim Walls,
Church of San Jorge, Salada
Roman Deposits.
MEDINA SIDONIA
•Visigoth chapel of the Holy Martyrs
•Medina Sidonia: Archaeological
Site Cerro del Castillo, Roman
Archaeological Site Asido Caesarina and Archaeological Museum,
Roman Road, Medieval Walled
City (Puerta de Belén, Arco de la
Pastora, Puerta del Sol, canvases
of the old wall and tower), Church
of Santa María la Coronada.
SAN JOSÉ DEL VALLE
•Gigonza Castle
+ Suggestions
Ceramics and Pottery, Saddlery, Salted Fish and Preserves,
Sweets from Medina Sidonia
Bluefin tuna, Mojama, Rock fish, Meats and Game Meat, Cold Cuts and Sausages,
Rillettes, Artichokes, Asparagus and Golden thistles, Snails.
Birdwatching, Nudism, Tuna Ronqueo (hand skinning and filleting),
Berrea (during rut), Tuna and Bull Routes.
04
The
Cultural
Sphere
58
59
The Cultural Sphere.
Museums
Sphere. Nombre
capítulo y sección
Cadiz Museum
The museum collection is divided into three
sections. The chance discovery in 1887 of a
male Phoenician anthropoid sarcophagi, on
the premises of the Cadiz Shipyards was only
the start of an archaeological period which
currently includes pieces from Prehistory to
medieval times – some as exceptional as the
aforementioned Phoenician anthropoid sarcophagus (the female partner was found in 1980)
or the thoracate, a Roman bronze statue of
an emperor found in the vicinity of the islet
of Sancti Petri, similar to another statue of a
Hercules from Cadiz.
The fine arts section takes us on a journey
of paintings from the sixteenth century until
today. A collection of works painted by Zurbarán
for the Cartuja de Jerez between 1637 and
1639, Murillos, the copper piece attributed to
Rubens and several paintings from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries by artists such
as Zuloaga, Sorolla, Guillermo Pérez Villalta
and Chema Cobo, as well as a Miró stand out.
The monographic visit to the third section of
the Museum – ethnography – focuses on the
puppets of Tía Norica, and recreates this traditional Cadiz street spectacle. Both the plot and
the characters repeat
a series of classical prototypes: the
■❚❙ Pinillos house
grouchy old woman,
This excellent example of a bourgeois house
the cheeky nephew
from the early eighteenth century is attached
and the unintelligible
to the Museum and used as a new and modern
doctor.
space for cultural activities.
, Plaza de Mina, s/n. Cádiz
O Reservas: 856 105 034 - Información: 856 105 023
w http://www.museosdeandalucia.es/culturaydeporte/museos/MCA
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
Cortes de Cadiz Museum
, C/ Santa Inés, nº 9 – Cádiz
O 956 221 788
Located in the historical centre of
the city and next to the San Felipe
Neri oratory, this building of neoclassical inspiration is dedicated
to the history of Cadiz during the
eighteenth century and the first
quarter of the nineteenth century,
especially the Cadiz Cortes and
the Constitution 1812. Its centrepiece is the large relief map of
the city, popularly known as the “Model of Cadiz”, which reflects the
state of intramural Cadiz early in the fourth quarter of the eighteenth
century. It was made at the behest of Carlos III, by a large team
of craftsmen led by the military engineer Alfonso Jiménez, from
timber of various qualities (mahogany, holly, cedar, bully tree, and
ebony), ivory, bone and silver. The same room is complemented by
the monumental canvas by Salvador Viniegra, made between 19101912, entitled “La Promulgación de la Constitución de 1812” (The
Promulgation of the Constitution of 1812).
The Puppet Museum
, Bóvedas de Sta. Elena (Puertas de Tierra)- Cádiz
O 956 276 846
The magnificent vaults of the Puertas de Tierra welcome visitors to
this museum space whose main purpose is to exhibit, document and
preserve the memory of both Spanish and international puppeteers,
companies, craftsmen and artists. In regard to the exterior, the former soldiers’ courtyard was made into a garden as a transition zone
between the city and the museum, guiding the visitor inside through
small areas representing puppets. The permanent exhibition “Títeres
del Mundo” has a collection of more than 500 items, including 350
international puppets.
60
61
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
Rafael Alberti
Foundation Museum
, C/ Santo Domingo, 25. El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz
O 956 850 711 - 956 850 960
w www.rafaelalberti.es
The ground floor of Rafael Alberti’s birthplace in El Puerto de Santa
María houses the permanent exhibition Rafael Alberti: Un siglo de
creación viva (A century of living creation). The biography of the poet
emerges along the halls and in large panels in a unique chronological
tour of his history, with photos and drawings where the legendary artist’s life, his literary and pictorial work, ideology and thirty-nine years
of exile in France, Argentina and Italy, are reflected in faithful detail.
Documents, honours, awards, letters and Alberti’s books translated
into different languages are shown. The first floor is the audio-visual
room, with projections about the poet; the María Teresa León hall is
dedicated to the writer and Alberti’s first wife; and the final room is
the Foundation’s library, with more than seven thousand volumes.
Palacio del Tiempo
, C/ Cervantes, 3- Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 182 100
w www.museosdelaatalaya.com
The Palacio del Tiempo houses one of the three best collections
of antique clocks in Europe, with nearly 300 pieces dating from the
eighteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Watchmakers such as Le
Roy, Berthoud, Frodsham, Losada, Markhan, Lepine and Clodion,
among others, are present in an in-depth collection of the most
outstanding watchmakers of the time, from when the watchmaker
was just another servant-craftsman in the Courts, to when they
were specialists and scholars, entrepreneurs who went on to create
prestige “brands”. Interestingly, it is the only watch museum whose
items still function correctly, be sure to not miss their chiming.
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
The Vollard Suite
Collection
, Ctra. N-IV, Km 640 - Grupo Estévez - Bodegas Real Tesoro,
Valdespino y Manzanilla - Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 321 004
w www.grupoestevez.es/suitevollard
The Vollard Suite collection is considered the most important work in
the history of etchings. It was made by Picasso between September
1930 and June 1936 and consists of 97 prints and three portraits of
Ambrosie Vollard, the historical gallery owner who gave the artist his
first exhibition. The prints can be classified into four main themes:
the Sculptor’s Workshop, the Minotaur, Rembrandt and the Battle
of Love.
The anxiety, melancholy and eroticism seen in the pieces have much
to do with Picasso’s personal life at the time. To which we must add
that these were times of war in Spain. Some of these prints give us
clues to what would be his masterpiece: Guernica.
The Naval Museum
, C/Escaño s/n - Edificio de Capitanía - San Fernando
O 956 545 248
Throughout the 21 rooms of the San Fernando Naval Museum,
located in the building of the former Capitanía General del Estrecho,
there are items as interesting as sailor votive offerings, paintings
of cruisers and battleships, the first figurehead who led the Juan
Sebastian Elcano training vessel and a facsimile of the famous letter
of 1500 by Juan de la Cosa, not to mention model boats of different
ages and sizes, uniforms, medals, weapons, flags, maps, nautical
instruments, and the list continues. Room 18 is dedicated to the
commemoration of the bicentenary of the naval battle of Trafalgar
(21 October 1805), with a model of the ship “Victory” as well as a
reproduction of the interior of the hold of a ship at the time, while
in Room 19 you can admire a cannon used in Trafalgar, empty of
its load, which has been taken out because when it sunk, it was
loaded and ready to fire.
62
63
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
Reina Sofia
Cultural Centre
Casa Pedro
Muñoz Seca
Museum
, Paseo Carlos III, 9- Cádiz O 956 221 680 - 956 227 624
, Edificio San Luis. Plaza del Ave María- El Puerto de Santa María O
956 851 731 w www.fundacionpedromunozseca.org
The former Military Government building, a true jewel of its time,
now houses the “Reina Sofia” cultural centre, opened in October
2006 by Her Majesty Queen Sofia; its main claim are the works by
Juan Luis Vasallo, one of the most renowned Spanish sculptors of
the twentieth century. Author of Minerva from the Fine Arts circuit
in Madrid, 140 of his pieces and 20 original drawings donated by
his family are exhibited in this space. Here one can also admire the
legacy of the Aramburu Picardo Family.
Based in the former Compañía de Jesús school, the permanent
exhibition Pedro Muñoz Seca: el humor dentro y fuera del teatro,
offers a vision of a great writer infused with the same humour that
characterised his life and work and turned it into a myth of laughter
and wit. Photographs, posters, cartoons, manuscripts, first editions
of his works, personal items, letters and even the playwright’s desk
is exhibited.
Cathedral Museum
, Plaza Fray Félix, s/n – Cádiz O 956 259 812
w www.catedraldecadiz.com
Its rooms are spread over several
historical buildings such as the
Contaduría, canon Termineli and
dean Rajón houses and the Mudéjar
courtyard, all erected during the sixteenth century around the tower of the
Old Cathedral. Through the Mudéjar
courtyard, where Roman and medieval
remains can be seen, there is access to a series of rooms that
exhibit tables, paintings, ivories and sculptures of great value, as
well as monstrances, chalices and other important works of gold
and silver from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. There is
a room dedicated to the Las Cortes de Cadiz de 1812, wherein lies
the table on which the Constitution was allegedly signed.
Lithographic Workshop Museum
, Bóvedas de S. Roque – Cádiz O 956 282 663
Its origins are the former German
Lithography of Cadiz, which was established in 1861 and was in operation
until the late twentieth century. The
museum has an important collection
of more than one thousand lithographic stones from the quarries of
Bavaria that are of high quality, some
of which are true works of art in regard to antique prints and drawings. You can also see the presses and different techniques and
models, design and drawing tables, pantographs, guillotines, bookbinding tools, etc.
Archaeological Museum of Jerez
, Plaza del Mercado, s/n – Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 149 560 - 956 149 561
w www.museoarqueologico.jerez.es
The pieces that make up this collection are derived almost entirely
from the numerous archaeological sites in the municipality, including
the Roman site Asta Regia near Mesas de Asta
and the Islamic site Sharish in the city of Jerez.
It offers the possibility of taking a “quick tour”
through a selection of thirteen pieces which are
representative of each cultural period. Each of
these items is exhibited with a black frame on
a red background. The Greek Corinthian Helmet
stands out amongst the items as it is one of the
oldest Greek testimonies from the western area.
Horse Carriages Museum
, C/ Pizarro 17- Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 181 050
w www.realescuela.org
Located in a vineyard dating from the early nineteenth century, it
is the only one of its kind where carriages, harnesses, horses and
equestrian clothing can be admired together. The main hall displays
the most emblematic carriages, vintage cars from the nineteenth
and twentieth centuries. The tour continues through the stables and
the work area to observe how they cleaned and took care of the carriages and harnessed the horses to them. Between both spaces, an
audiovisual piece shows the life of the horses of the Royal Andalusian
School of Equestrian Art, which is the proprietor of the Equestrian
Art Museum.
64
65
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
The Cultural Sphere. Museums
"Joaquín Rivero" Collection of
Spanish Paintings
, Bodegas Tradición.
Plaza Cordobeses, 3 Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 168 628
w www.bodegastradicion.com
A selection of over 300 works of Spanish painting spanning the
fifteenth to nineteenth centuries are shown to the public in this
space. They are representative of all the major art movements and
important authors such as Zurbarán, Velázquez, Hiepes, El Labrador,
Valdés Leal, Goya, Maella, Lucas Velázquez, Madrazo, Lucas Villamil
and Carlos de Haes, among others.
Cruz Herrera
Museum
, La Línea de la Concepción
O 956 762 576 - 956 696 200
w www.museocruzherrera.com
Reopened in its new location in the Saccone gardens in the building
formerly occupied by the City Council, this museum has been a clear
and firm commitment to the painter José Cruz Herrera, born in La
Línea de la Concepción. In its six rooms (exhibiting his First Period,
sketches, traditionalist, nudes, Arab and male portraits) there is a
broad representation of his work in what is the most comprehensive
art library of this artist, who donated this extensive collection of
paintings to the city where he was born. His colourful traditionalist
paintings often focus on highly expressive portraits of Andalusian
and Arab women.
El Dique Museum
, Polígono Río San Pedro, s/n Puerto Real O 956 260 983
w www.museoeldique.es
The Dique Museum and the historic area where it is located, the
shipyard in Puerto Real (both declared Sites of Cultural Interest),
occupy a visitable space of 60,000 m2, and are both a living testament to the ship construction and repair industry in Bay of Cadiz
from the second half of the nineteenth century. The building that is
the museum can be found in the former bailing pump chamber; it
has four permanent exhibition halls, a library, newspaper library and
a photographic archive with more than 250,000 negatives. One of
the spaces that cannot be missed is the former forging workshop,
where there are dozens of panels with the names of all the ships
that were built in the three Cadiz shipyards.
Ortega Brú Museum
, Plaza de Armas s/n - San Roque O
956 780 106
Anyone wishing to view the work of the
famous sculptor Luis Ortega Brú, author of
the reliefs on one of the doors of the Vatican
must visit San Roque. In his hometown, the
top of the Palace of Governors exhibits the largest collection of this
author’s sculptures. There are more than 160 unpublished works that
show how the artist assimilates and manages plastic styles, from
baroque imagery to new abstract and expressionist tendencies. One
of the most important works of this museum is La Pieta, sculpted
in polychrome wood.
The Leather Museum
, Convento de Capuchinos. Avenida de Herrera Oria, s/n - Ubrique
O 670 245 229 w www.museodelapiel.es
The Le ather Museum exhibition
‘Exposición Manos y Magia en la Piel’
unveils part of the historical legacy of
Cadiz through the activity of leatherwork
by artisans from Ubrique. It is located in
the former Capuchin convent, in a space
which used to be the monks’ rooms.
The technological evolution the various
machines used in the leather manufacturing process have undergone over the centuries can be experienced
in the cloister. There is also a small replica of a leather goods shop
which visitors can access. The museum also offers visitors the
chance to view paintings which are usually changed every month.
The NMAC-Montenmedio Foundation of Contemporary Art
, Ctra. A-48 ( N-340), Km 42,5 - Vejer de la Frontera
O 956 455 134 w www.fundacionnmac.org
Located in a rural setting (thirty hectares in the Dehesa de
Montenmedio in Vejer de la Frontera), this foundation is a unique
space where the dialogue between contemporary art and nature is
in perfect harmony. International artists such as
James Turrell and Marina Abramovic have created ​site-specific projects for the space in the
form of installations, sculptures, photography,
video, painting and performance. At present the
exhibition spaces include 11 former barracks
that were part of a military complex abandoned
in the 70s.
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67
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
Circuits of Interest. Nombre capítulo y sección
Cultural and
Festive Agenda
THE SAN ROQUE INTERNATIONAL SHORT FILM WEEK
SAN ROQUE I www.sanroquesemicort.wordpress.com
“CIUDAD DE UBRIQUE” NATIONAL FLAMENCO ART CONTEST
UBRIQUE | From February to June
îî MARCH
DECLARED AS
OF INTEREST TO
INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
DECLARED AS
OF INTEREST
TO NATIONAL
TOURISM
DECLARED AS
OF INTEREST
TO REGIONAL
TOURISM
îî FEBRUARY
CADIZ CARNIVAL
CADIZ I February-March
Cadiz’s most popular festival has its
origins in the visits the merchants of
Genoa, Venice and France paid to the
city, bringing with them masks and
costumes to merge with the dances
that the ships’ crews performed
through the streets of Cadiz to the
rhythm of the sounds of Havana,
Cadiz and Cuban guarachas. It lasts
ten days, and the days prior to the
festival consist of free tastings called
Pestiñada (pastry), Ostionada (oysters) and Erizada (sea urchins),
in the main squares of the historic centre. But the highlight is the
Group Competition held in the Falla Theatre, where the best choirs or
singing groups called chirigotas and comparsas critique the events of
the year in satirical songs. The whole town masquerades and dances
on the streets to experience and enjoy the carousels of choirs who
sing through the city streets and plazas.
CARNIVALS
BORNOS AND CHIPIONA I February-March.
JEREZ FLAMENCO FESTIVAL
FEREZ DE LA FRONTERA | February-March Marzo
Dancing is the main attraction in this event which enjoys international
recognition. Its programme includes performances and concerts,
courses, 24-hour flamenco by on-duty flamenco clubs, exhibitions,
and a Festival Off that is becoming increasingly popular and which
is held in the “La Guarida del Ángel” hall.
www.festivaldejerez.es
EASTER
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA - ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA
I March-April
Andalusia is transformed from Palm
Sunday to Easter Sunday when the
Andalusians put on their finery and best
outfits to celebrate in the popular fervour.
Images of great artistic richness walk the
streets accompanied by drums and bugles
and a mixture of incense and orange blossom. In the province of Cadiz, Holy Week
is especially important in the municipalities of Jerez de la Frontera, Arcos de la
Frontera, Alcalá del Valle, Bornos, Espera,
La Línea de la Concepción, San Fernando,
Sanlúcar de Barrameda, San Roque, and
Setenil. All of them have been declared of
Interest to Tourism.
FESTIVAL SHORTY WEEK (SHORT FILM FESTIVAL)
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA I www.shortyweek.com
îî ABRIL
SPRING FAIR AND FINE WINE FESTIVALS
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA
PILGRIMAGE IN HONOUR OF SAN ISIDRO
LOS BARRIOS
QUASIMODO MONDAY PILGRIMAGE
OLVERA
TREBU STREET
MUSIC FESTIVAL
TREBUJENA
www.trebujena.com
68
69
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
îî MAY
HISTORICAL RE-ENACTMENT OF “ALGODONALES, 2 MAY 1810”
ALGODONALES
www.dosdemayo.org
NATIONAL DANCE COMPETITION “BAILE POR ALEGRÍAS”
CÁDIZ | May – June
www.laperladecadiz.es
MUSIC FESTIVAL “MANUEL DE FALLA”
CÁDIZ
Dedicated to the famous musician from Cadiz, Manuel de Falla.
www.facebook.com/festivalmusicamanueldefalla
INTERNATIONAL PUPPET FESTIVAL “CIUDAD DE CADIZ”
CÁDIZ | May-June
www.facebook.com/festivaltiterecadiz
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
HORSE FESTIVAL
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
González Hontoria Park, with more than 200
booths, plays host to a great horse festival with
hundreds of horsemen, riders and carriages
parading through the Real. At this festival, one
can also enjoy two other great attractions from
this city: the wine and flamenco that take on
special prominence during this celebration.
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
CADIZ IN DANCE, INTERNATIONAL
CONTEMPORARY DANCE FESTIVAL
CÁDIZ
www.cadizendanza.com
CORPUS CHRISTI
EL GASTOR
ZAHARA DE LA SIERRA
TARIFA INTERNATIONAL
CIRCUS FESTIVAL (FEINCITA)
TARIFA
www.feincita.com
îî JULY
PACO DE LUCÍA INTERNATIONAL GUITAR EVENT
ALGECIRAS
www.algeciras.es/pacodelucia
FLAMENCO THURSDAYS
CÁDIZ | July – August
CADIZ JAZZ FESTIVAL
CÁDIZ
It is held in the Bastion of
Candelaria and the Atlántico Hotel.
www.festivaljazzcadiz.com
JAZZ BAY FESTIVAL
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA
Held in the Osborne Bodegas.
www.osborne.es
AFRICAN FILM FESTIVAL
TARIFA | May – June
www.fcat.es
LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN
EVENING AND FESTIVAL
LA LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN
CRUCES DE MAYO AND CRUJÍA DE GAMONES
UBRIQUE
INTERNATIONAL JAZZ FESTIVAL
VEJER DE LA FRONTERA
"PETENERAS" NATIONAL SINGING COMPETITION
PATERNA DE RIVERA
îî JUNE
CARMEN AND SALT FAIR
SAN FERNANDO
ROYAL FAIR OF ALGECIRAS
ALGECIRAS
“NOCHES DE BAJO DE GUÍA” FLAMENCO SONG FESTIVAL
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
www.sanlucarturismo.com
NATIONAL SINGING COMPETITION "CANTE POR ALEGRÍAS"
CÁDIZ | June – July
www.enriqueelmellizo.com
70
71
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
JAZZ FESTIVAL
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
In the gardens of the Palace of Orleans.
www.sanlucarturismo.com
îî AUGUST
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
Sanlúcar and visitors enjoy the show by watching the thoroughbreds
compete along the natural race track, provided by a low tide in the
August afternoons.
EXALTACIÓN DEL RIO GUADALQUIVIR FESTIVAL
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
MARITIME PILGRIMAGE IN HONOUR OF OUR LADY OF LA PALMA
ALGECIRAS
INTERNATIONAL MUSIC FESTIVAL “A ORILLAS DEL GUADALQUIVIR”
(FIMOG)
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
www.sanlucarturismo.com
AL-KALAT INTERNATIONAL MUSIC FESTIVAL
ALCALÁ DE LOS GAZULES
LAS MURALLAS DE LA SEGUR FLAMENCO EVENINGS
VEJER DE LA FRONTERA (CÁDIZ)
MUSCAT FESTIVAL
CHIPIONA
“POR LA LIBERTAD” FLAMENCO FESTIVAL
Conil de la Frontera
THEATRE OF COMEDIES FESTIVAL
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA
www.fundacionpedromunozseca.org
HISTORICAL RE-ENACTMENT OF THE WARS
BETWEEN THE MOORS AND CHRISTIANS
benamahoma (Grazalema)
www.morosycristianosbenamahoma.es
"SERRANAS" NATIONAL SINGING COMPETITION
PRADO DEL REY
www.pradodelrey.es
URTA (SEA BREAM) FESTIVAL
ROTA
FLAMENCO FESTIVAL THE ARRANQUE ROTEÑO
ROTA
HORSE RACING ON THE BEACH
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA
This event that has been held for more than 170 years on the
Sanlúcar beaches originated in informal competitions between horse
owners who transported fish from the former Bajo de Guía port to
different markets. Currently, the competition is held over two cycles
each lasting three days during the month of August. People from
îî SEPTEMBER
ALCANCES, CADIZ DOCUMENTARY FILM FESTIVAL
CÁDIZ
www.alcances.org
OUR LORD OF THE VIRTUES FAIRS AND FESTIVALS
CONIL DE LA FRONTERA
OUR LADY OF REGLA FESTIVITIES
CHIPIONA
SANTISIMO CRISTO DE LA ANTIGUA FESTIVITIES
ESPERA
FIESTA DE LA BULERÍA
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
GRAPE HARVEST FESTIVAL
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
The pressing of the grape, which represents
the birth of the new must, is the start of the
festivities which include activities such as
venencia competitions, tastings, exhibitions,
visits and food and wine pairings in numerous local wineries.
HORSEBACK RIDING AND AGRICULTURAL
FAIR AND TARIFA FESTIVALS
TARIFA
CATTLE FAIR AND SAN MATEO FESTIVALS
VILLAMARTIN
RE-ENACTMENT OF THE DEFENCE OF LEÓN ISLAND
AND ANNIVERSARY OF LAS CORTES 1810
SAN FERNANDO
72
The Cultural Sphere. Cultural and Festive Agenda
îî OCTOBER
CADIZ MANGA FESTIVAL (FEMANCA)
CÁDIZ
www.femanca.es
CADIZ IBEROAMERICAN THEATRE FESTIVAL (FIT)
CÁDIZ
www.fitdecadiz.org
“DIEGO DEL GASTOR” FLAMENCO FESTIVAL
EL GASTOR
HISTORICAL RE-ENACTMENT OF “SANGRE Y AMOR EN LA SIERRA”
GRAZALEMA
www.sangreyamorenlasierra.blogspot.com.es
JEREZ MANGA LOUNGE
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
www.salonmangajerez.com
CAMARÓN DE LA ISLA NATIONAL MEMORIAL FLAMENCO SINGING
CONTEST
SAN FERNANDO | Octubre – Diciembre
www.pfccamarondelaisla.com
HISTORICAL RE-ENACTMENT OF THE BATTLE AGAINST THE FRENCH
TARIFA
îî NOVEMBER
CADIZ SPANISH MUSIC FESTIVAL
CÁDIZ
VILLA DE EL BOSQUE HISTORICAL RE-ENACTMENT
EL BOSQUE
îî DECEMBER
CHRISTMAS ZAMBOMBAS
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA
Declared an Event of Cultural Interest in Andalusia, the Zambombas
are a traditional way to celebrate the arrival of Christmas; the event
combines carols and flamenco and is when the extended family or
even a group of neighbours come together to sing, eat and drink.
THE ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA LIVING NATIVITY
ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA
The streets of the old town undergo an unprecedented transformation into the largest Nativity Scene of all those held in Spain, where
the entire town dress up in the fashion of the time. This event can
also be seen in other municipalities in the province.
05
Local
Character
75
Local Character. Flamenco
Local Character. Nombre capítulo y sección
05.1
Flamenco
Declared Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO in 2010, Flamenco
has its roots in the Cadiz province, where it rises to category of artistic
genre and has inspired writers, poets and musicians.
The numerous festivals organised in the province also offer Cante jondo fans around the
world the opportunity to enjoy wonderful shows.
Among the most famous events are the Bulería
Festival and the International Flamenco Festival
(both in Jerez), Evenings in Bajo de Guía in
Sanlúcar de Barrameda, the Arranque Roteño,
the national Peteneras Singing competition in
Paterna de la Rivera, the national Flamenco
competition in San Fernando, the national
Serranas Singing competition in Prado del Rey
and Noche Flamenca de la Segur in Vejer de la
Frontera, declared of National Tourist Interest.
Did you
know..?
êê
La Niña Pastori was
barely eight years
old when she was
discovered by the
great Camarón de la
Isla to develop her
admirable talent for
flamenco music.
A land forged by cantes such as the alegrías, bulerías or tangos, and
home to artists such as Rocío Jurado, Manolo, Antonio Chacón, José
Mercé and Lola Flores, here flamenco is performed in its purest form,
from Bahía to Campo de Gibraltar.
Santa María is the beating heart of flamenco in the capital. It is
where the legendary figure of Enrique el Mellizo was conceived,
around whom groups such as the Perla de Cadiz revolve, and it is
where, through the Aula de Flamencología, the Baile por Alegrías
national competition takes place. The Municipal Centre of Flamenco
Art is located in its Plaza de la Merced, which houses a varied programme of flamingo themed activities including concerts, classes
and exhibitions, etc.
Singing found its way to Jerez de la Frontera more than two centuries
ago through the Gypsy community looking for work in the countryside
and has not left since. The town has a specific neighbourhood that
has one of the strongest flamenco flavour in the world: Santiago,
home to the Andalusian Flamenco Documentation Centre, and lies
next to the suburb of San Miguel
where bulería originated, the Jerez
song of note.
Andalusian Flamenco Documentation Centre.
Jerez de la Frontera
And no Flamenco tour of the province
of Cadiz is complete without a visit to
Algeciras, birthplace of the great guitarist Paco de Lucía, where only a few
kilometres away, in San Fernando,
the other half of his legend can be
found: José Monge Cruz, Camarón de
la Isla, who was posthumously
​​
given
the fourth ´Llave de Oro del Cante´,
the Golden Key of Flamenco. Both
artists have their own cultural routes
(See pages 76-77).
■❚❙ THE "FLAMENCO TERRITORIES"
The province of Cadiz is part of two routes known as the
“Territorios Flamencos” made by the Andalusian Regional
Government: The Compás del Tres por Cuatro Route, “The
Basics”, which passes through Jerez and highlights the singing
and singers who have created palos as original as soleá or
bulería. And the Bajañí Route which passes through Algeciras
to Sanlúcar de Barrameda through Jerez and whose purpose
is to show the origins of the flamenco guitar.
www.andalucia.org/es/rutas/tipos/rutas-de-flamenco
OF INTEREST
MUNICIPAL FLAMENCO ART CENTRE
LA MERCED
, Plza. de la Merced, s/n - Cádiz
O 956 902 134 - 600 160 870
ANDALUZ FLAMENCO
DOCUMENTATION CENTRE
, Plaza de San Juan, 1. Palacio
de Pemartín – Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 902 134 - 600 160 870
w www.centroandaluzdeflamenco.es
76
77
5.1.1.
Camarón de la Isla Route
5.1.2.
Paco de Lucía Route
This singer, who became a legend even before his death, revolutionised
the world of flamenco with his personal style.
Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Cadiz and the Berkley College of
Music, the jury of the Prince of Asturias Awards recognised his "interpretive
honesty" and his ability to transcend "boundaries and styles" that made
him "a musician of universal dimension".
José Monge Cruz, nicknamed “Camarón de la Isla” because of his
unique fair and thin features, was born in 1950 in San Fernando. His
father died when he was young and at only seven this full-blooded
gypsy was already signing in taverns and bars to earn money.
At twelve he won first prize in the Festival de Montilla (Córdoba)
Flamenco contest and from there his ascent in the world of music
was unstoppable. In 1968 he released his first album with Paco
de Lucía and soon after met the guitarist Tomatito, his other half
for 18 years, until his death in 1992. He recorded 19 albums, Soy
Gitano (1989) was the best-selling album in the history of flamenco.
The cultural route “La Ruta de Camarón” passes through his
hometown and pays tribute to this genius. The journey starts at his
birthplace, and continues along what is known as “Las Claves de
Camarón”; the island of San Fernando, Camarón’s neighbourhood full
of narrow streets and the house he grew up in, among other points
of interest. Not far is the flamenco club “Camarón de la Isla”, with
hundreds of photos and memories of the artist and which every year,
September to December, hosts the singing competition “Concurso
de Cante Memorial Camarón de la Isla”.
We turn now to the Camarón monument, a few metres from the
famous Venta de Vargas restaurant. From there we move onto his
father’s metal workshop, and then to the Iglesia Mayor, where the
singer asked his Nazareno permission to marry La Chispa; we
finish the route in his mausoleum
in the municipal cemetery. “I want
to be buried in San Fernando,” he
had declared, and his wish was
fulfilled.
îî Complete information about the route:
www.turismosanfernando.es/rutas/la-isla-de-camaron
Paco de Lucía was born in 1947 in Algeciras. Growing up in an
intensely flamenco environment, he recorded his first album with
his brother Pepe, and later worked on other albums, recorded live
and improvised, with Fosforito, El Lebrijano and Camarón de la
Isla. He managed to modernise the concept of classic flamenco
without losing touch of its roots, fusing it with jazz, blues, Indian
music, Cuban rhythms and bossa nova. He recorded a total of 37
albums and numerous collaborations with international artists such
as Carlos Santana, Al Di Meola and John McLaughlin. He died in
Cancun in 2014.
This route retraces his artistic and vital rhythm and explores the
Algeciras enclaves that inspired his works. It starts on calle San
Francisco, and passes through calle Munición, in whose bars his
father, the guitarist Antonio Sánchez Pecino “Antonio de Algeciras”,
performed. Heading toward the south we reach plaza Alta, whrere
the Shrine of Our Lady of Europe looks over us. Following the same
direction, we reach plaza Baja also known as plaza de Abastos, where
his father had a fabrics and hardware stall. The next stop is at the
luxury hotel Reina Cristina, opposite which used to lie Chorruelo
beach. On the roundabout which takes us to the beach of Getares
and Tarifa, stands the monument that the city erected as homage
to the artist.
Moving towards Punta Carnero,
the Algeciras Lighthouse, is Casa
Bernardo, also by the sea, a
beach bar in Rinconcillo beach,
where the maestro had a house.
The last stop on our tour is the
courtyard of San José, in the former Algeciras cemetery, where the
remains of the great guitarist lie.
îî Complete information about the route:
www.algeciras.es/pacodelucia
78
79
Local Character. Art and Wine
Local Character. Nombre capítulo y sección
Did you
know..?
05.2
êê
Alexander Fleming,
the Nobel Prize
laureate in Physiology
and Medicine
and discoverer of
penicillin, visited
Jerez on 10th June
1948 and during his
visit to the Domecq
wineries signed a
bota, exclaiming
when he tasted the
wines: "My penicillin
cures the sick, but
your sherry raises the
dead".
Art and Wine
Cadiz province is famous for its wines cellared in barrels from ancestral
wineries that have breathed art, history, legends and film.
The province of Cadiz is internationally renowned for the variety and
quality of its wines, some have Denomination of Origin (Jerez - Xérès
– Sherry and Manzanilla – Sanlúcar de Barrameda). To the wine industry’s undisputed gastronomic value, we must add a growing interest
for wine tourism that can be seen in ‘the cathedrals of wine’ – the
modern wineries – one of the region’s greatest pillars.
Since the romantic travellers from the early eighteenth century
decided that the Cadiz wineries were essential to their Andalusian
itineraries, they have adapted to the times, seeking a balance
between functionality and beauty and becoming authentic wine
museums. The wineries of Tío Pepe de González Byass (Jerez de
la Frontera) has over 100,000 wineskins (botas), the oldest dating
back over 350 years and its facilities have seen visitors such as the
writer Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, Harold Lloyd, Jean Cocteau, Winston
Churchill, Ayrton Senna, Roger Moore and Steven Spielberg.
The centenarian Jerez winery, Pedro Domecq is one of the most
visited, with botas dedicated to nobles, princes and kings such
as Alfonso III and Juan Carlos I and to personalities of science
and humanities (Gregorio Marañón, Jacinto Benavente, José María
Pemán, Octavio Paz), artists (Antonio Machín, Andrés Segovia,
Plácido Domingo), athletes such as Severiano Ballesteros, diplomats
and the list continues.
Art and wine have become close allies in
recent times, and thematic museums have
begun to emerge in many of the vineyards and
wineries around the region. A good example is
the Barbadillo Museum of Manzanilla and the
Interpretation Centre of Wine in Delgado Zuleta
Wineries, both in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, not to
mention the magnificent art collection “Joaquín
Rivero” in the Tradició Wineries (Jerez de la
Frontera) and the Picasso Vollard Suite that can
be admired in Estevez Wineries, also in Jerez.
■❚❙ THE WINE CATHEDRALS
The winer y architecture of Moorish
tradition, developed over the Modern Age,
reached its peak in the nineteenth century
with "cathedral type" architecture, formed
by longitudinal aisles with graceful gabled
roofings and clean and tidy façades that
are today an inseparable element of Jerez's
urban landscape.
80
81
Local Character. Art and Wine
Local Character. Art and Wine
OF INTEREST
THE MUSCAT MUSEUM
, Avda. de Regla, 8 y 10 - Chipiona
O 956 371 804
w www.museodelmoscatel.com
Through 7 modules that each have an educational
and entertaining theme, all the processes that
have been used in making wine and in turn
Muscat throughout history are explored, from the
Phoenicians, through to the founding of the city by
the Romans, the Moorish times, the reconquest,
the industrial revolution until today.
"JOAQUIN RIVERO" COLLECTION OF SPANISH
PAINTINGS
, Bodegas Tradición. Plaza Cordobeses, 3 –Jerez
de la Frontera
O 34 956 168 628
w www.bodegastradicion.com
The winery exhibits a selection of more than 300
Spanish paintings ranging from the fifteenth to the
nineteenth centuries, a collection that is open to
the public.
THE GRUPO ESTÉVEZ ART GALLERY
, Ctra. N-IV, Km 640 - Grupo Estévez - Jerez de
la Frontera
O 956 321 004
w www.grupoestevez.es
Included in the paintings of this contemporary art
gallery is the magnificent collection of the Picasso
Vollard Suite composed of 100 engravings, and
paintings by artists such as Botero, Miró, Dalí,
Sicilia, Palazuelo, Salustiano or Tàpies. Amongst
the sculptural works we can find pieces by
Jorge Oteiza and Eduardo Chillida. The gallery's
collections are rounded off by clocks, carpets,
canes and cabinets.
MUSEUM OF WINE LABELS
, Carretera Circunvalación, s/n Complejo Bellavista - Bodegas Grupo Garvey
O 956 319 650 - Jerez de la Frontera
w www.grupogarvey.com
The museum of wine labels has more than 15,000
labels - of which only 8,000 are exhibited - printed
between 1854-1954 from Jerez de la Frontera, El
Puerto de Santa María and Sanlúcar de Barrameda,
some of them cannot be found outside the museum
today. One can also admire a collection of handpainted bottles from the nineteenth century.
VIÑA AL VINO (FROM THE VINE TO WINE) MUSEUM
, Viña Santa Petronila
Carretera del Calvario, km 3,5 – Jerez de la Frontera
O 669 750 888
w www.santapetronila.com
The museum occupies the former winery and
house-vineyard "people's house". It shows how
the vineyard was worked, the grape harvesting
and pressing and how it transformed Jerez in the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as well as
the similarities of these processes with those we
use today.
MUSEUM OF JEREZ
, Carretera Nacional IV, km 641,74 Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 353 400 - 677 452 256
w www.williams-humbert.com
The "Gran Duque de Alba" hall in the Williams
& Humbert Wineries, considered the largest in
Europe, plays host to the Museum of Jerez, where
the tools for the wine-making process are exhibited:
the pressing of the grapes, laboratory instruments,
presses, pumps, filling machines, cappers, etc.,
unique original parts in an excellent state of
preservation which have been collected since the
eighteenth century.
WINE INTERPRETATION CENTRE
, Avda. Rocío Jurado, s/n –
Sanlúcar de Barrameda
O 956 360 133
w www.delgadozuleta.com
Located in the Tío Paco winery, part of the Delgado
Zuleta wine producers. The visit is an authentic
immersion through visual panels and fun activities
into the magical world of fortified wines, their rich
history, their unique and mysterious production
method, particular customs and traditions and
even their unique lexicon.
MUSEUM BARBADILLO DE LA MANZANILLA
, Calle Sevilla, 1-25 Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cádiz)
O 956 385 500 / 956 385 521
w www.barbadillo.com
Covers all aspects related to Jerez wine, from
the vineyard to its marketing. It also shows the
evolution through the history of chamomile, of the
most relevant aspects of the Barbadillo family and
their great cultural heritage.
82
83
Local Character. The Horse and the Bull
Local Character. Nombre capítulo y sección
05.3
The Horse and the Bull
These two superb animals are an inseparable part of the history of the
province, participating in the city's celebrations and even starring in
spectacular ballets.
Mythology tells the story that when the god Phoebus wanted to
rest, he would untack the fire horses of his coach on the shores of
Sanlúcar de Barrameda. And it is true the equestrian tradition in the
Cadiz province dates back more than 3,000 years, to the time of
Tartessians. But it would be the construction of the Carthusian monastery in Jerez de la Frontera during the fifteenth century that marked
a milestone in the history of the Andalusian horse. The monks were
engaged in breeding horses and magnificent stallions and from them
came the famous Carthusian race. The Cartuja – Hierro del Bocado
stud farm, which is the largest reserve of Carthusian horses in the
world, can be visited on Saturdays, when there is also a horse show
to be enjoyed.
The Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art is also in Jerez
de la Frontera, known around the world for its exhibition “Cómo
Bailan los Caballos Andaluces”, an authentic equestrian ballet with
distinctly Spanish music and eighteenth-century styled costumes,
the choreography mounted to reprises drawn from classical and
country dressage and other traditional horsemanship pieces. On
the premises you can also visit the Museums of Horse Carriages
and Equestrian Art.
Many of the festivals and shows held in the province of Cadiz would
not be complete without the participation of the horse; one of the
most important events, highlighting the significance of the animal
for the region, is the Horse Fair of Jerez de la Frontera and the
Horse Races in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, both declared Events of
International Tourist Interest. Bullfights, a large part of these festivals, are held in plazas that are a fine example of regional architecture, such as those in Jerez de la Frontera, El Puerto de Santa María
or the unique arena in Villaluenga del Rosario (eighteenth century).
Since time immemorial bullfighting has been a source of inspiration for art and culture, and for this reason the province has many
museums of this theme. The most notable bullfighting museums that
can be found in Jerez de la Frontera are, the José Cabrera Taurino
Museum of La Línea de la Concepción, the José Luis Galloso Taurino
Museum of El Puerto de Santa María and the Francisco Montes
Paquiro Municipal Taurino Musuem in Chiclana.
The Osborne Foundation recently opened the Toro Gallery, a new
exhibition space, housed in a century-old winery in El Puerto de Santa
María, showing the history of the Osborne bull and its links with
the world of art through the works of great photographers, artists,
athletes and personalities from all walks of social life.
■❚❙ BULL ROUTE
Without leaving the Cadiz province, the birthplace of bullfighters such as Rafael
de Paula, Paquirri or Juan José Padilla, we can tour the Bull Route, which starts
from Jerez de la Frontera, runs throughout the countryside and ends in Campo
de Gibraltar. The route teaches us about the life of this animal in its natural
environment, and takes us on visits to some of the prestigious ranches in the
area.
OF INTEREST
THE CARTUJA – HIERRO
DEL BOCADO STUD FARM
, Ctra. Medina – El Portal, 6,5Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 162 809
w www.yeguadacartuja.com
ROYAL ANDALUSIAN SCHOOL OF
EQUESTRIAN ART FOUNDATION
, Avenida Duque de Abrantes,
s/n - Jerez de la Frontera
O 956 319 635
w www.realescuela.org
BULL GALLERY
, Bodega de Mora (Bodegas Osborne)Calle de los Moros, 7
El Puerto Santa María O 956 869 100
w www.osborne.es
TORRESTRELLA RANCH
, Medina Sidonia O 956 30 43 12
w www.acampoabierto.com
CEBADA GAGO RANCH
, Medina Sidonia O 956 41 60 16
w www.cebadagago.es
FERMÍN BOHORQUEZ RANCH
, Jerez de la Frontera O 956 18 45 79
w www.ferminbohorquez.com
84
85
Local Character. Nombre capítulo y sección
05.4
Craftsmanship
Cadiz traditional and modern crafts coexist harmoniously, it is the land of
ceramists, potters and experts in leather.
Cadiz artisans have preserved and ensured the purity of ancient
trades associated with areas such as wine-making (cooperage) and
horses (saddlery) in the area of Jerez and in towns scattered in the
mountains. Wicker and pottery goods are concentrated in the region
of La Janda, in the towns of Vejer de la Frontera and Medina Sidonia;
Conil de la Frontera is especially well-known for its ceramics. And in
the Campo de Gibraltar region, the Cork Crafts of Jimena and Castellar
de la Frontera stand out as unique.
In regard to music, the bagpipes of El Gastor and the prestigious
guitars of Algodonales must be seen, while not missing the opportunity to acquire a personalised flamenco cajón. The artisanal furniture
from Benamahoma, El Bosque and Prado del Rey must also been
mentioned, as well as the English-style cabinetry from Sanlúcar de
Barrameda.
Textile crafts have two major centres in the province, the towns of
Arcos de la Frontera, with its carpets made from Castilian wool and
of geometric designs and Grazalema, popular for its blankets, soft
and fluffy, genuine striped and knotted fringes, still made with ancient
looms in this mountain village.
And you cannot talk about the crafts of Cadiz without mentioning
Ubrique, the biggest concentration of leathercraft workshops in
Europe. The famous leather ateliers from Ubrique have a proud range
of items and articles prepared in accordance with quality techniques
and whose ‘Piel de Ubrique’ guarantee has opened the doors to many
international markets and prestigious companies. To celebrate this
industry there is a Leather Museum nestled in the Convent of the
Capuchins.
05.5
05.4
Notable 'Gaditanos'
Since its beginnings, the Cadiz province has seen countless illuminated people
grow within its bosom, standing out in many different and diverse cultural
areas both nationally and internationally. As it is impossible to list them all,
we hope that this brief review of some of the most well-known will suffice.
Literature:
î Rafael Alberti. El Puerto de Santa María.
www.rafaelalberti.es
î José Manuel Caballero Bonald. Jerez de la Frontera. Cervantes Award. Fundación Caballero Bonald.
www.fcbonald.com
î Antonio Hernandez Ramírez. Arcos de la Frontera. National Poetry Prize.
î Fernando Quiñones. Chiclana de la Frontera. Fundación Fernando Quiñones. www.fundacionfq.es
î José María Pemán. Cádiz.
î Carlos Edmundo de Ory. Cádiz. www.fundacionory.com
î Elvira Lindo. Cádiz Creator of the Manolito Gafotas Character
î Antonio y Carlos Murciano. Arcos de la Frontera
î Felipe Benitez Reyes. Rota.
î Eduardo Mendicutti. Sanlúcar de Barrameda
î Ana Rosseti. San Fernando
Painting:
î Chema Cobos. Tarifa
î Guillermo Perez Villalta. Tarifa
î Felipe Abárzuza. Cádiz
Painter of the Gran Teatro Falla ceiling
î Hernán Cortés Moreno. Cádiz www.hernancortesmoreno.com
î Costus, pseudonym of the artists Enrique Naya
(Cadiz) and Juan Carrero (Palma de Mallorca). Part of
his work can be seen in ECC – Espacio de Creación
Cultural (Cadiz) – in a permanent exhibition.
î Manuel Prieto Benítez. El Puerto de Santa María. Designer of the Osborne Bull.
Rafael Alberti.
J.M. Caballero Bonald.
86
87
Local Character. Notable 'Gaditanos'
î Francisco Pacheco. Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
Teacher and father-in-law of Velázquez (sixteenth to
seventeenth century).
î José Cruz Herrera, from Linea de la Concepcion,
where the Cruz Herrera Museum is located.
"Minerva". Juan Luis
Vasallo Parodi.
Sculpture:
î Luis Ortega Brú. San Roque. Ortega Brú Museum (San Roque)
î Juan Luis Vasallo Parodi. Cádiz.
Sculptor of the "Minerva" sculpture in the Circulo
de Bellas Artes in Madrid. Some of his pieces can
be seen at the Reina Sofia Cultural Centre.
Theatre / Cinema:
Pedro Muñoz Seca.
î Pedro Muñoz Seca. El Puerto de Santa María.
Theatre playwright. Pedro Muñoz Seca Museum
î Juan Luis Galiardo. San Roque.
Film and theatre actor.
Music:
CLASSICAL:
î Manuel de Falla. Cádiz
www.manueldefalla.com
Manuel de Falla.
Sara Baras.
GUITAR:
î Paco de Lucía. Algeciras
www.pacodelucia.org
î Gerardo Núñez. Jerez
î Paco Cepero. Jerez
î Manolo Sanlúcar. Sanlúcar de Barrameda
Piano:
î Chano Dominguez. Cádiz
DANCE:
î Sara Baras . San Fernando
SINGERS:
î Javier Ruibal. El Puerto de Santa María
î Pablo Carbonell. Cádiz
î Rocio Jurado. Chipiona
Paco de Lucía
Camarón de la Isla.
FLAMENCO SINGERS:
î José Monge (Camarón) San Fernando. î Niña Pastori. San Fernando
î Antonio Chacón, Lola Flores, José Mercé,
Paquera de Jerez. Jerez de la Frontera
î Enrique El Mellizo, La Perla de Cádiz, Chano
Lobato, Juan Villar, Beni de Cádiz. Cádiz
06
Tourist
offices
CÁDIZ. PATRONATO PROVINCIAL DE TURISMO
Plaza de Madrid. Estadio Ramón de Carranza.
Fondo Sur. Planta 4ª, s/n / +34 956 807 061
www.cadizturismo.com - [email protected]
ALGECIRAS.
Calle Paseo Río de la Miel, s/n.
+34 956 571 254
www.algeciras.es
[email protected]
ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA.
Arcos de la Frontera
Calle Cuesta de Belén, 5.
+34 956 702 264
[email protected]
BARBATE.
Avenida Río Barbate, 23. /+34 956 063 613
www.barbate.es - [email protected]
BENALUP - CASAS VIEJAS.
Calle Paterna, 4 /+34 956 417 733
[email protected]
BENAMAHOMA. (Grazalema)
Calle Cuesta de la Venta, s/n
[email protected]
BORNOS
Plaza Alcalde José González, 1 - Palacio de los
Ribera /+34 956 728 264
www.bornos.es - turismodebornos@ bornos.es
CÁDIZ. CENTRO DE RECEPCIÓN DE TURISTAS
DEL AYUNTAMIENTO (CANALEJAS)
Paseo de Canalejas, s/n / +34 956 241 001
www.cadiz.es - [email protected]
CÁDIZ. OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN TURÍSTICA
DEL AYUNTAMIENTO (AVENIDA)
Avenida José León de Carranza, s/n
+34 956 285 601
www.cadiz.es- [email protected]
CÁDIZ. OFICINA DE TURISMO DE LA JUNTA DE
ANDALUCÍA
Avenida Ramón de Carranza, s/n
+34 956 203 191
www.andalucia.org - [email protected]
CHICLANA DE LA FRONTERA.
Calle La Plaza, 3 - nº 3 +34 956 535 969
www.turismochiclana.es - [email protected]
CHICLANA DE LA FRONTERA. (URBANIZACIÓN
NOVO SANCTI PETRI)
Urbanización Novo Sancti Petri, s/n - Frente al
pinar público (Cerrada en invierno)
+34 956 497 234
www.turismochiclana.es - [email protected]
Practical information.
CHIPIONA.
Calle Castillo, 5 - Castillo de Chipiona
+34 956 929 065
www.turismochipiona.es [email protected]
CONIL DE LA FRONTERA. PATRONATO
MUNICIPAL DE TURISMO
Calle Carretera, 1
+34 956 440 501 / 956 440 222
www.turismo.conil.org - [email protected]
EL PUERTO DE SANTA MARÍA.
Plaza Alfonso X El Sabio, 9 - Palacio de Aranibar
(junto al Castillo de San Marcos)
+34 956 483 714 / 956 483 715
www.turismoelpuerto.com [email protected]
ESPERA.
Calle Los toros, s/n +34 956 720 432
www.webespera.es - [email protected]
GRAZALEMA.
Dirección: Plaza Asomaderos, 3
+34 956 132 052
[email protected]
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA.
Plaza del Arenal, s/n - Edificio Los Arcos
+34 956 338 874 / 956 341 711
www.turismojerez.com - [email protected]
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA. OFICINA DE
INFORMACIÓN TURÍSTICA DEL AEROPUERTO
Carretera N-IV , 628,5 +34 956 186 808
www.cadizturismo.com [email protected]
JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA. OFICINA JEREVISIÓN.
Calle Armas, 17 - Frente al torreón del Alcázar
+34 956 336 789
www.jerevision.es - [email protected]
LA LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN. OFICINA DE
TURISMO DE LA JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA
Avenida del Ejército, s/n - esquina con Avda.
20 de Abril +34 956 784 135
www.andalucia.org - [email protected]
LA LÍNEA DE LA CONCEPCIÓN.
Avenida Príncipe de Asturias, s/n
www.turismocg.com - [email protected]
LOS BARRIOS.
Paseo de la Constitución, 15 +34 956 582 504
turismo.ayto-losbarrios.es [email protected]
MEDINA SIDONIA.
Calle San Juan, s/n +34 956 412 404
www.medinasidonia.com [email protected]
88
Practical information
OLVERA.
Plaza de la Iglesia, s/n - Edificio La Cilla
+34 956 120 816
www.turismolvera.es - [email protected]
PRADO DEL REY.
Calle Fuente, s/n +34 956 724 436
www.pradodelrey.es [email protected]
PUERTO REAL.
Plaza Poeta Rafael Alberti, s/n
+34 856 213 362
turismo.puertoreal.es/turismopr/ [email protected]
ROTA. FUNDACIÓN MUNICIPAL DE TURISMO
Y COMERCIO.
Calle Cuna, 2 - Castillo de Luna
+34 956 841 352 / +34 956 846 345
www.turismorota.com - [email protected]
SAN FERNANDO.
Calle Real, 26
+34 956 944 226 / 956 944 227
www.turismosanfernando.org [email protected]
SANLÚCAR DE BARRAMEDA. PATRONATO
MUNICIPAL DE TURISMO
Calle Calzada Duquesa Isabel, s/n
+34 956 366 110
www.sanlucarturismo.com
[email protected]
SAN ROQUE.
Calle Rubín de Celis, s/n - Palacio de los
Gobernadores +34 956 694 005
www.sanroque.es/turismo [email protected]
SETENIL DE LAS BODEGAS.
Calle Villa, 2 +34 956 134 004
[email protected]
TARIFA.
Paseo de la Alameda , s/n
+34 956 680 993 / +34 956 680 676
www.aytotarifa.com/Turismo [email protected]
UBRIQUE.
Calle Moreno de Mora, 19 A
+34 956 461 290 - Extensión 266 /
+34 956 922 980
www.ayuntamientoubrique.es [email protected]
VEJER DE LA FRONTERA.
Avenida de los Remedios, 2
+34 956 451 736
www.turismovejer.es [email protected]
VILLAMARTÍN.
Plaza Ayuntamiento, 10 +34 956 733 555
www.villamartin.es [email protected]
ZAHARA DE LOS ATUNES. (Barbate)
Calle Doctores Sánchez Rodríguez, s/n
+34 956 063 600 - Ext. 9140
www.elazaharadelosatunes.es [email protected]
Photographs
Patronato Provincial de Turismo
Diputación de Cádiz
Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Turismo y
Deporte. Empresa Pública para la Gestión del
Turismo y del Deporte de Andalucía, S.A.
Excluding contributions by the following
institutions and professionals:
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www.cadizturismo.com
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Edited
Patronato Provincial de Turismo
Diputación de Cádiz
Plaza de Madrid s/n
Estadio Ramón de Carranza.
Fondo Sur, 4ª Planta
11011 Cádiz. España
Tel. 956 80 70 61
[email protected]
www.cadizturismo.com
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Texts
Estefanía Fernández Cano
Editing, design and layout
Trama Gestión S.L.
www.tramagestion.es
Traduction
METAFRASI Traducció i Comunicació S.L.
Print
Nombre de la imprenta
Legal Deposit
CA 428 - 2016
Diputación
de Cádiz
PATRONATO
PROVINCIAL
DE TURISMO