Module
Module 14
Instructions by Lesley Sanderson
Cambridge English First (FCE) Paper 1: Reading and Use of English
Key Word Transformations, Paper 1: Part 4, tests how well you can say the same thing using different words using ALL your resources of vocabulary and grammar. Below is a selection of structures that
frequently feature in this part:
1. unreal past and conditionals
6. comparatives/superlatives
2. passives, causatives
7. so/such
3. reported speech, reporting verbs
8. too/enough
4. present perfect/ simple past (ago, since, for)
9. inversion
5. (past) modals
10. would/used to – be/get used
Paper 1: Part 4 (Key word transformations)
• Aim to finish this part in about ten minutes.
• Remember: you must put between two and five words in the gaps INCLUDING the given word which
mustn’t be changed in any way. In the exam, write ONLY the words which fit in the gap, NOT the whole
sentence. WRITE IN CAPITALS.
• Don’t leave any questions unanswered. Each sentence in this task is worth two marks, so even if you only
get the gap half correct, you’ll get a mark.
• If you have difficulty filling a gap, go back to the first sentence to make sure you have understood it correctly. Then look at the second sentence again:
o Has the subject changed? (Is it passive? Is it causative?).
o Has the tense changed? (Is it reported speech? Is it a change of use from ‘since’ to ‘ago’ or vice versa?)
o Do you need to change an adjective + noun to an adverb + verb?
o Perhaps an idiom or a prepositional phrase can express a similar meaning to that expressed in the first
sentence.
o Is the given key word a preposition or a verb which doesn’t appear in the first sentence? (Is it a phrasal
verb?)
o Is the given key word a verb, a preposition or a gerund: (Is it a similar verb taking a different complement? E.g. I wasn’t allowed to go - He didn’t let me go.- He prevented me from going.
• Be careful to check that if the first sentence has a negative meaning, the second sentence will have too.
• Check your spelling, and in the actual exam make sure that you’ve written your answers against the correct question numbers on the answer sheet.
You’ll find three tasks of this type below for you to use as practice.
PAPER 1: READING & USE OF ENGLISH
PART 4: KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS
A
For questions 25 – 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
Example: 0
A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town.
DRIVEN
We ……………………………………………………………………. a very friendly taxi driver.
The gap can be filled by the words ‘were driven into town by’, so you write:
Example:
0
WERE DRIVEN INTO TOWN BY
25. Jasper found headphones in his school locker, but couldn’t think who they belonged to.
WHOSE
Jasper found headphones in his school locker but had no …………………………………………………. .
26. Many children are still given fast food even though it is unhealthy.
FACT
Many children are still given fast food ……………………………………………………………………..
unhealthy.
27. If I were you, I wouldn’t tell Jennifer’s mother what she had done.
OUGHT
In my opinion, …………………………………………………..…….… Jennifer’s mother what she has
done.
28. They say that the musical ‘Mama Mia’ is extremely entertaining.
SAID
The musical ‘Mama Mia’ …………………………………………………………………….. extremely entertaining.
29. I’ve lived in this flat for seven months and I still don’t feel at home here.
USED
After seven months, I still haven’t ……………………………………………………………… in this flat.
30. Paul told me he would not apologise, even though he caused the accident.
REFUSED
Paul ……………………………………………………………………………… sorry to me, even though
he caused the accident.
PAPER 1: READING & USE OF ENGLISH
PART 4: KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS
B
For questions 25 – 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including
the word given. Here is an example (0).
Example: 0
A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town.
DRIVEN
We ……………………………………………………………………. a very friendly taxi driver.
The gap can be filled by the words ‘were driven into town by’, so you write:
Example:
0
WERE DRIVEN INTO TOWN BY
25. The children didn’t have to wear a uniform at their school if they didn’t want to.
OBLIGED
The children …………………………………………………. a uniform at their school if they didn’t want to.
26. “You’ve drunk all the fruit juice again, Susan,” said Marshall.
ACCUSED
Marshall …………………………………………………………………….. all the fruit juice again.
27. It’s more than six months now since I’ve seen Waldon.
FOR
I ………………………………………………………………..…….… more than six months.
28. Joanna is not planning to continue her studies abroad.
INTENTION
Joanna …………………………………………………………………….. her studies abroad.
29. I won’t have a problem travelling on my own as I do it all the time.
USED
I ……………………………………………..……………………………… , so I won’t have a problem.
30. You can go to the school dance, but you must be home by 11.00.
LONG
You can go to the school dance ………………………………………………………………………………
home by 11.00.
PAPER 1: READING & USE OF ENGLISH
PART 4: KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS
C
For questions 25 – 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
Example: 0
A very friendly taxi driver drove us into town.
DRIVEN
We ……………………………………………………………………. a very friendly taxi driver.
The gap can be filled by the words ‘were driven into town by’, so you write:
Example:
0
WERE DRIVEN INTO TOWN BY
25. It might get cold later so you should take a jacket with you.
CASE
Take a jacket with you ………………………………………………………………... later.
26. Pete would rather not go to the cinema this evening.
FEEL
Pete ……………………………………………………………………….. to the cinema this evening.
27. We didn’t have enough time to complete our project.
RAN
We didn’t complete our project because we …………………………………………………..…….… .
28. My employer can’t tolerate people arriving late for work.
PUT
My employer can’t ………………………………………………………………….. people arriving late for
work.
29. Jack left the tap running when he left for school and his mother was furious.
TURNED
If Jack .……………………………………………………………… when he left for school, his mother
wouldn’t have been furious.
30. Do you think I could borrow your smartphone to make just one call?
WONDERING
I ……………………………………………………………………………… borrow your smartphone to
make just one call?
The material is kindly provided by MM Publications - Practice Tests for the Revised FCE Examination
ISBN: 978-960-478-108-9