Unit 3: Terms and Questions – The Early Republic
EV – 7,8,9; AMSCO – 6,7,8 You will need to use AMSCO for some questions
Pages 187-201
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cabinet
Jefferson, Hamilton
ex post facto law
bills of attainder
Judiciary Act 1789
national Bill of Rights (Madison) know the first 10
Chisholm v. Georgia 1793 and the
11th Amendment
Report on the Public Credit
"assumption" of debt
excise tax
Report on the National Bank
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Bank of the United States
"loose" vs. "strict" interpretation
"necessary and proper" clause
Whiskey Rebellion 1794
Citizen Genet
Proclamation of Neutrality
impressment
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Jay's Treaty 1795
Pinckney's Treaty 1796 (Treaty of
San Lorenzo)
right of deposit on Mississippi (not
explicitly called this in text)
Questions to guide your reading and notes
1. Describe Washington's leadership style and his contributions to the presidency. What was
his view of the common man?
2. Why did a Bill of Rights seem so important to Americans? Group the first 10
amendments and describe their purpose.
3. What was the significance of Chisholm v. Georgia (1793) and its outcome?
4. Alexander Hamilton wanted to bolster the new government's credit with rich Americans
and the world. In what ways did his plan on credit try to accomplish this?
5. Who opposed Hamilton's plan and why did they oppose it? What did moving the nation's
capital have to do with the arguments over finances?
6. Why did Hamilton favor a national bank? What were the opponents' arguments?
7. Define "strict interpretation" vs. "loose interpretation" of the Constitution. Which did
Hamilton support? Thomas Jefferson? And in what way was the creation of a national
bank related to this?
8. What groups liked Hamilton's plan for the government? What groups disapproved?
9. What triggered the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 and in what ways was Washington's
response surprising?
10. In what ways did Spain try to rebuild its foothold in North America in from 1750-1800?
11. In what ways were the Spanish efforts to woo Americans countered?
12. The 1789 French Revolution exacerbated growing tensions in America. In what ways?
13. Describe how Citizen Genet and the British try to thwart Washington's Neutrality
Proclamation.
14. Describe the outcomes of Washington's efforts to avoid war with the Indians, Spain &
Britain.
Pages 201 - 216
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Republicans (or DemocraticRepublicans or Jeffersonian
Republicans)
Federalists
Washington's Farewell Address
XYZ Affair
Quasi-War (with France)
Alien and Sedition Acts
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
(or Resolves)
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Election of 1800 (peaceful
revolution)
Judith Sargent Murray's On the
Equality of the Sexes (1790)
"republican motherhood"
Fugitive Slave Act 1793
Eli Whitney and cotton gin
Questions to guide your reading and notes
1. Compare and contrast the key differences between the beliefs, supporters and regional
strongholds of the Federalists and Republicans.
2. In what ways did George Washington's Farewell Address in 1796 attempt to address the
growing factional (party) tensions in America?
3. What were the underlying causes of the XYZ Affair? Its outcome? Its impact on politics?
4. Overall, what were the goals of the Alien and Sedition Acts? Which parts were aimed at
foreigners? At Americans? Who were the intended targets of the laws? How did James
Madison and Thomas Jefferson respond?
5. Significance of the Election of 1800.Why is it sometimes referred to as a "peaceful
revolution"?
6. In what ways is the economy beginning to change in the latter half of the 18th century?
7. In what ways do attitudes about women begin to change in the latter half of the 18th
century? What is "republican motherhood" and how does it set the stage for women's
rights in the future?
8. What was the impact of the Revolution and American expansion on Indians in the latter
half of the 18th century?
9. In what ways did states and the federal government begin to restrict the rights of AfricanAmericans?
10. Describe the significance of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and the invention by Eli
Whitney of the cotton gin?
Pages 219-232
 Thomas Jefferson
 James Callender
 Sally Hemings
 American Colonization Society
 Barbary Pirates (Barbary war)
 "midnight" judges
 Marbury v. Madison (1803)
 John Marshall
 judicial review
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Louisiana Purchase 1803
Napoleon Bonaparte
Aaron Burr
Lewis and Clark
Sacajawea
Burr-Hamilton duel
Burr's conspiracy
"Quids"
Chesapeake-Leopard affair
Embargo Act of 1807
"peaceable coercion"
Questions to guide your reading and notes - Be sure to read the introduction this time, which
begins on pp. 219. There is key information on Jefferson in that section.
1. Describe the tone of Jefferson's ideals. How was it changed (reflecting the partisanship of
the times)?
2. Describe Jefferson's view of a) race relations; b) state power vs. federal power, and c)
"ideal" citizens.
3. What were Jefferson's actions on the national economy and the underlying reasons for
them?
4. What was the background of the "Barbary" War? Jefferson's reaction? and the outcome?
5. Background, key players, significance of Marbury v. Madison (1803)
6. Re: Louisiana Purchase 1803
--Napoleon's goals for region
--Jefferson's worry about New Orleans and "right of deposit"
--Jefferson's concerns about, yet eagerness for purchase
7. Goals and significance of Lewis and Clark expedition
8. Describe the three intra-party challenges Jefferson faced (Burr vs. Hamilton; Burr's
conspiracy; "Quids")
9. In Jefferson's second term, how does renewed Anglo-Franco conflicts effect American
trade? Why does the British behavior so annoy Americans?
10. What was the background and outcome of the Leopard-Chesapeake affair?
11. In what ways was "peaceable coercion" successful? Unsuccessful?
Read Pages 232-244
 James Madison
 Non-Intercourse Act 1809
 Macon's Bill No. 2 (1810)
 "war hawks"
 Henry Clay
 John C. Calhoun
 Tecumseh vs. William Henry
Harrison at Tippecanoe
 War of 1812 ("Mr. Madison's War")
 Battle of Lake Erie and Oliver
Hazard Perry
 Burning of Washington, D.C.
 Dolley Madison
 Treaty of Ghent 1814
 status quo antebellum
 Battle of New Orleans
 Hartford Convention
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American System
(Protective) Tariff of 1816
"Era of Good Feelings"
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
(1819)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
enumerated powers (implied
powers)
Panic of 1819
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817
Convention of 1818
Adams-Onis Treaty 1819
Monroe Doctrine
John Quincy Adams
Questions to guide your reading and notes
1. For what reasons were the "war hawks" upset in Madison's first term?
2. What were the underlying causes of the Battle of Tippecanoe? Who were the
combatants? Its significance?
3. Describe the supporters and opponents of the decision to go to war in 1812.
4. What were Madison's specific complaints in his war message?
5. Why was Canada the primary target in the War of 1812? Describe the only significant
U.S. victories in the campaign.
6. Describe the British attack on Washington in 1814.
7. What were the key provisions of the Treaty of Ghent?
8. Federalist strength bounced back for what reasons 1808-1812? Describe the impact of the
Hartford Convention on that momentum.
9. Significance and political consequences of War of 1812.
10. What was the "American System" and its key proponents?
11. In what ways was the "Era of Good Feelings" a misnomer?
12. Background, key players, significance of: Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) and
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) AMSCO
13. In what way did the outcome of Dartmouth and McCulloch affect federal-state power
issues?
14. Page 250 of your text talks about the Tallmadge Amendment (without naming it). How
did it reflect growing sectional tensions about slavery?
15. What were the key decisions and outcomes of the Missouri Compromise (1820 and
1821)? Why was the Compromise considered a "win" for the South?
16. What two agreements in the Monroe Administration secured the U.S.-Canada border?
17. Describe the key events in U.S. Spanish relations during Monroe's first term.
18. What was the background of the Monroe Doctrine? Its key architect and its key points?
Pages 247-274
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Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy
in America
Five Civilized Tribes
Cherokees
Indian Removal Act 1830
Andrew Jackson
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)
and Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
Trail of Tears
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squatters"
pre-emption rights
Panic of 1819
Robert Fulton; Clermont
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Erie Canal
Samuel Slater
Francis Cabot Lowell
interchangeable parts (Whitney)
Lowell "system"
industrialization
doctrine of separate spheres
Questions to guide your reading and notes
1. Describe de Tocqueville’s view of Americans that he shared in Democracy in American
(1835, 1840).
2. In what ways were settlers/settlement patterns of the “West” and “Far West” similar?
Different?
3. In what ways did the federal government promote westward movement in the first half of
the 19th c.?
4. Provide specifics on why the Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Cherokee and Seminole
nations were called the “Five Civilized Tribes.”
5. What were the specific provisions of the 1830 Indian Removal Act and its impact on the
5 Civilized Tribes?
6. Describe the background, immediate impact and ultimate outcomes of Cherokee Nation
v. Georgia and Worcester v. Georgia on natives.
7. Although conditions were good for an agricultural boom in the first 3 decades of the 19th
century, what risks were associated with such a market economy?
8. In what ways did federal land policy change from 1785 to 1815? What were the roles of
the “squatter” and the “speculator” in relation to land policy?
9. Why was there a squeeze on credit in 1818-1819 and who was most affected? Why, then,
was the Panic of 1819 important?
10. Describe the sequence of the “transportation revolution” and its impact on America? Why
were railroads relatively slow to spread across regions?
11. What were key factors that sparked urbanization in the first half of the 19th century
12. List the key causes of industrialization.
13. In what ways are the Lowell and Waltham mills different from earlier mills? Describe life
for a mill worker.
14. In what ways was the rise of an artisan class in cities and the development of trade unions
linked?
15. From what source do the wealthy get their riches in antebellum America? What does that
say about the myth that "every man can become a millionaire"?
16. Although distinctions were made between the "deserving" and "undeserving" poor and
suggestions were made that all could succeed, what groups had trouble escaping poverty
and why?
17. Describe life for a free black in the North in antebellum America.
18. Who made up the middle class and what were the characteristics of that group?
19. What two broad generalizations could be made of America from 1812 to the Civil War?
20. Describe the ways in which authority was challenged or changed in the following
relationships:
=professions vs. public
=young people vs. parents
=wives vs. husbands (and the family itself)
=new forms of associations