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Greece Quiz One Study Guide
1. Explain the major accomplishments of the Minoans & Mycenaean’s.
-
Minoan
Led by women
Seafaring traders
Traded wine honey olive oil and most
importantly Tin
Tin was used to make bronze (combine
tin with copper)
Bronze age civilization
City of Knossos (had indoor plumbing
and water color frescos)
From the Island of Crete
Might have ended from a volcanic
eruption or the start of the iron age
-
Mycenaean
Led by warrior kings
Great warriors
Got their wealth by conquering other
places
From the Greek mainland (1st)
Capital city was Mycenae
Collapsed from having too many wars
During this time was when the Trojan
war was said to be fought
2. Explain the three things that happened during the Greek Dark Ages
Loss of Literacy – Greeks spoke and wrote new language at end of dark ages
Population Loss – large cities were abandoned
Isolation – did not communicate with neighboring civilizations
3. Who were the heroes of the Trojan War? What did they accomplish?
Paris – Killed Achilles, Fell in love with Helen, Prince of Troy
Hector- Killed by Achilles, greatest leader and warrior of Troy, 1st Prince of Troy
Helen – Wife of Menelaus, most beautiful woman in the world
Achilles – Greatest Greek warrior, killed Hector
Odysseus – Thought up of Trojan horse, King of Ithaca, and Hero of the Odyssey
Menelaus – Husband of Helen, King of Sparta
Agamemnon – Leader of the Greeks, very power hungry
Priam – King of Troy, Dies when the city is destroyed
Aeneas – Took the survivors of Troy to Italy, helped found Rome
4. Who were the major Greek gods & goddess, and what did each rule over?
Zeus – king of the gods, sky storm lightning bolts
Hera – sister of Zeus, queen of the gods, wife of Zeus, goddess of marriage
Poseidon – brother of Zeus, god the sea rivers and earthquakes
Hades – brother of Zeus god of the underworld
Demeter – goddess of agriculture seasons and harvest
Hermes – god of guidance messengers, and thieves
Ares – God of offensive war and slaughter, feared god
Athena – goddess of wisdom, inner beauty, defensive war, and education
Apollo – God light archery youth and medicine
Artemis – Goddess of the hunt, animals, the wilderness, and moon
Hephaestus – god of craftsmen, art, fire
Aphrodite – goddess of love affection attraction and outer beauty
5. Explain Athens transition from a Monarchy to a democracy. Who were the people involved in
this change, and what did they do?
Monarchy
-Rule by king
-Overthrown
by the
aristocracy
Aristocracy
- Rule by a
small group
of very
wealthy
people
- Had Draco
write the 1st
laws, very
strict and
harsh (could
be sold into
slavery for
not paying
debts)
Solon
- Wrote
Athens 1st
constitution
- Divided
Athens into 4
classes top
three could
serve in
government
bottom class
could no
longer be sold
into slavery
Peisistratus
- Took over
Athens
- Popular
tyrant (sole
ruler of
Athens)
Hippias
- Popular,
populist
tyrant like his
father until
the brother
was
assassinated.
- Populist –
Took care of
the common
people in
Athens
- Went insane
killed and
exiled a lot of
people.
- Helped
make Athens
a wealthier
place
- Was
overthrown
by the
aristocracy
with help
from Sparta
Cleisthenes
- Was exiled
by the
Spartans, but
returned to
Athens after
the people of
Athens
rebelled
against
Sparta.
- Created
democracy
“Father of
Democracy”
-Started
ostracism
(vote people
out of city for
10 years)
6. Identify the different ways Sparta raised and trained men and women. What were Spartan
society and government like?
Men – went to the Agoge at age 7 left at age 29, trained to be warriors and put Sparta over self,
inspected at birth (weak left to die), all babies were bathed in wine
Women – Kept in physical shape with sports and gymnastics, learned to read and write (made
them unique in Greece), strong smart women + strong smart men = strong smart babies (boys),
Society – Iron money, simple food, very simple way of life, slaves called helots to do all of the
physical work, state based on strength and self-reliance, stated by a guy named Lycurgus
Gov’t – 2 kings with hereditary rule (power goes to oldest son), army was very democratic (men
voted on their leaders)