re
Insight 1
Manuel : Unit 1
World
of work
16
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:1
21/03/2007 10:05:56
Unit
Speak
Imagine who this woman is and
what her life is like.
12
IN THIS UNIT:
Work is the refuge of people
who have nothing better to do.
Oscar Wilde
OUTLINE
Getting a job / Prestigious jobs
TEXT 1
Go Gap (Barclays Bank, 2006)
TEXT 2
Good to have you aboard (Hari
Kunzru, 2004)
LANGUAGE WATCH
Grammarama : Le présent en
be + -ing / will et be going to
Phonology : Prononciation
de la graphie -ea-
VIEWS
Étude d’image
TEXT 3
Equal opportunity
(Walter Mosley, 1997)
LANGUAGE WATCH
Grammarama : this et that /
Phrases à sens futur et
subordonnées de temps
Phonology : Prononciation
de la graphie -ai-
WORK OUT
Perform a job interview
ISSUE
Study AND work?
EXTRA TEXT
The massage and the message
(Sophie Kinsella, 2005)
CD élève, pistes 1, 2, 3
Unit words
Employees: job seeker: demandeur d’emploi •
job ad: offre d’emploi • apply for a job: postuler
pour un emploi • fill in an application form:
remplir un formulaire • make a living: gagner
sa vie • well-paid ≠ poorly-paid • fulfilling job:
travail épanouissant • career • staff: le personnel
• trade union: syndicat
Employers: employ = hire sb = take sb on ≠ dismiss = fire sb = sack sb = lay sb off • interview
sb • summon sb: convoquer qqn
Skills (compétences): numerate • computer
literate • self-motivated • energetic • well-organised • methodical • persuasive = convincing •
tactful • determined = driven
17
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:2
21/03/2007 10:06:10
Outline
Getting a job
A
B
British billionaire Richard Branson
American teenager Danielle Wilson
Richard Branson (born 1950) is a wealthy English businessman who
set up the Virgin companies.
My job search really started when I turned 16. I went
from store to store and filled out applications1 back to
back. One day I asked my grandmother, “Why does
no one want to hire me?” She said it was because
I didn’t have any experience.
How was I supposed to have experience when I’d
never had a job before? McDonald’s wouldn’t even
hire me. [...]
The Gap was one of the hardest places to apply. Once
you fill out an application, the managers interview
you right on the spot2. It made me so nervous that
I couldn’t even talk right.
The first question they ask is, “Why do you want to work
for the Gap?” Your mind is telling you to say: “For the
money, dummy.” But you don’t want to say that because
you don’t want to make yourself sound greedy or selfish,
even if it’s the truth.
The very first thing I did that was a success was Student
Magazine. I was a teenager at the time and we operated
from a London basement1. By the summer of 1967 the
magazine started to take off and had a circulation of
over 50,000 copies an issue. All of us working on the
project felt like we were students, living away from
home in a rented basement with a constant flow of
people in and out of the project. It was a very exciting
time. Inspired by that, in 1969 we decided to develop
a mail order2 record company.
1. sous-sol
Richard Branson, Ask Richard, Virgin.com, 2006.
2. vente par correspondance
Danielle Wilson, Getting My First Job …, Youth Communication.
1. fill an application (form): remplir un dossier de candidature 2. immediately
C
Over to you!
A job interview
1 Read the two texts.
a. Find similarities between Richard Branson and
Danielle Wilson. ( Both …)
b. Compare their work experiences.
… , whereas … ; Although … , … ; Unlike … , …
2 Do you feel closer to Richard Branson or Danielle
Wilson? Explain your answer.
3 What problem does the cartoon evoke? Explain your
answer.
www.CartoonStock.com
4 Depending on your experience, talk about your first
job, or the first job you’d like to have.
1. that’s all fine and dandy: c’est bien beau
Watch your words
Getting a job: CV = curriculum vitae = résumé
/"reIzju…meI/ • get a job interview • get a job =
get hired ≠ be turned down for a job
Attitudes: careful • enthusiastic • hesitant •
ironic • independant • self-confident • selfassured /selfE"SÁEd/
18
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:3
21/03/2007 10:06:36
World of work
Unit 1
Prestigious jobs
Occupations with the most prestige
Scientist
52%
Architect
20%
Doctor
52%
Business executive
19%
Firefighter
48%
Lawyer
17%
Teacher
48%
Entertainer
16%
Military officer
47%
Union leader
16%
Nurse
44%
Actor
16%
Police officer
40%
Banker
15%
Priest/minister/clergy
32%
Journalist
14%
Member of Congress
31%
Accountant
10%
Engineer
29%
Stockbroker
10%
Athlete
21%
Real estate broker/agent
5%
Harris Poll of 1,012 adults conducted Aug. 10-15, 2006.
Over to you!
A vacation?
No, thanks!
1
Make a list of the five jobs you most admire.
2
Compare your list with those of other students.
3 Read the list on this page.
a. Find the words that mean:
cadre • artiste (TV, radio) • syndicaliste • courtier en
bourse • comptable.
b. Compare your list with the list from this page.
4 Explain what job(s) you’d like to do and consider the
advantages and drawbacks.
Watch your words
Conditions: make good money = make decent
money • routine = grind /graInd/ • proud of sth
pride: fierté • tough /tØf/ = difficult = tiring ≠
easy • stressful ≠ stress-free • pressure /"preSE/
• demanding: exigeant
WB
Listen and use your Workbook for help.
Consideration: prestige /pres"ti…Z/ prestigious
• respect = esteem • admire admiring • look
down on = scorn: mépriser • scornful: méprisant
• envy sb envious = jealous /"dZelEs/
19
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:4
21/03/2007 10:06:37
Text 1
Go gap
5
10
Barclays
is the third largest bank
in the UK. It is more
than 300 years old and
employs about 118,000
people. The bank’s headquarters used to be in
the City of London but
were moved to Canary
Wharf, in London’s Docklands, in 2005.
15
20
Culture Flash
Degrees in the UK and
the USA. After three
or four years in college,
you can become a B.A.
(Bachelor of Arts) or B.Sc.
(Bachelor of Science). After
one more year, you can
become an M.A. (Master
of Arts) or M.Sc. (Master
of Science). You have to
study for at least three
more years to get a
doctorate and become a
Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy).
25
More and more graduates are taking a year out: to stop, reflect, and to
work out what they want to do with their lives.
According to Anne-Marie Martin, director of the Careers Group,
University of London, there can be many benefits to a year out, but it
depends on what you do and why. “If all you do after university is sit
around watching TV, there is probably little benefit […]. But if you go
travelling, decide to increase your skills in some way or try your hand at
temporary jobs to see what suits you, then it can be hugely1 valuable.”
When 23-year-old Alice Clarfelt took a year off after uni, she didn’t just
want to travel – she wanted to immerse herself in another culture.
Alice, who has an MA in English from Leeds, spent nine months teaching
about sexual health and HIV / AIDS to young people in the eastern Cape,
South Africa, with the charity SPW (Student Partnership Worldwide).
“I was living in a little mud hut2 in a rural community. I’d get up, go and
fetch water from about half an hour away, come back, boil the water in
order to wash, prepare for the day, and do a workshop3 in the school.”
[…]
Alice says she has benefited from the global perspective she gained
from the trip. “In my community, they didn’t have any running water,”
she says. So Alice took it upon herself to go to the municipal offices and
make a case for a water tap4 – something she says she’d never have done
at home. “They actually came, investigated it all, wrote up a report and
they’re now building a tap and a well5 in the community. And I was like
‘Yeah, I’ve really achieved something.’”
Anne-Marie Martin says Alice’s experiences will impress future employers.
“Independently travelling around, learning how to stand on your own
two feet and understanding how to fit6 into different cultures gives you a
maturity which employers are going to recognise and be interested in.”
Barclays Bank, Graduates and Starting Work, 2006.
Word help
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
highly
case
atelier
robinet
puits
integrate
20
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:5
21/03/2007 10:06:45
World of work
Overview
1
Explain briefly what a “gap year” is.
2
Find an equivalent for “gap year” in the first five lines.
Zoom in
1
Read lines 1 to 8.
a. Find the expressions meaning:
développer vos compétences • ce qui vous va • utile,
précieux
b. Explain the purpose of a gap year.
2
What do students usually do during their gap year?
3
Explain what Alice Clarfelt did after university.
4
Describe her living conditions and her daily routine.
5
Read lines 18 to 24.
a. Find the expressions meaning:
prendre l’initiative de • plaider en faveur de
b. Say what Alice’s main achievement was.
c. Explain how she feels when she says “Yeah, I’ve really
achieved something.”
Unit 1
6 List all the advantages of a gap year. Justify your
answer by quoting from the text.
Zoom out
1 Would you be ready to take a gap year after high school
or after college? Explain your answer.
2 Write a letter to Student Partnership Worldwide explaining why you would like to join their programme.
Watch your words
Plans: intend = plan to do sth • goal = aim
= purpose: but • try hard = strive to do sth
• aim to do sth: avoir pour but de faire qqc
• settle down: s’installer • serious = responsible •
make a choice • optimistic / pessimistic about the
future
Living together: do one’s best: faire de son mieux •
broaden one’s horizons: élargir ses horizons • make
friends with sb • get involved in sth: s’engager dans
qqc • open-minded = tolerant ≠ intolerant = narrowminded
21
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:6
21/03/2007 10:06:51
Text 2
Good to have you aboard
5
10
Hari Kunzru
was born in 1969, grew
up in Essex and studied
English at Oxford University. He is of mixed
English and Kashmiri
Hindu ancestry. He has
worked as a travel and
music journalist for
The Guardian, The Daily
Telegraph and several
magazines and is the
author of two awardwinning novels, The
Impressionist (2002)
and Transmission (2004).
15
20
25
Culture Flash
The “transatlantic mode
of address” (“have a nice
day”) is a term commonly used by Americans to
say goodbye (not “hello,”
as Arjun mistakenly
believes!).
Word help
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
revealing
(US slang) insignificant
falsified it
fesses
American
30
35
40
“Arjun Mehta,” said Arjun, immediately kicking himself for forgetting
the transatlantic mode of address. “I mean, nice day. I’m having a nice
day.”
Sunny Srinivasan opened his mouth, unhooding1 a smile like a dentally
powered searchlight. “I’m glad to hear that, Arjun. Everyone should have
a nice day − every day.” […]
“Well, Arjun K. Mehta, educated to B.Sc. standard at North Okhla Institute of Technology, on paper your qualifications look good. Not great,
but good. The question is, are they real?”
“Entirely. One hundred per cent.”
“Glad to hear it. Half the losers out there in the waiting room bought their
diplomas in the bazaar. Another quarter have completed some two-bit2
nightschool computer course and faked it up3 to look like a college
education. But you, Arjun, you’re telling me you’re the real deal. Right?”
“Absolutely. Real deal. Thumbs up. As I said on my application, I can provide
references. I am skilled in all major areas – networking, database –”
“Let me stop you there.” Sunny held up his smooth, lipid-nourished hands.
“You don’t need to wow me with all that. I’ll tell you a secret, Arjun: I
don’t know the difference between SQL and HTML. And I don’t care. To
me it’s all letters. What I care about is butts4, good properly qualified desi5
butts sitting on good American office chairs, earning good consultancy
dollars for Databodies and for me. Understand?”
“Absolutely,” murmured Arjun. Sunny Srinivasan was appearing more
impressive by the minute.
Sunny leaned back on his chair and clasped his hands behind his head.
“So what I’m going to do is this,” he announced, as if the thought were
the product of long rumination. “I’m going to take your application, get
you checked out by my people, and, if you’re telling the truth, I’m going
to send you to America and start making you rich.”
Arjun could not believe it. “Just like that?”
“Just like that, Arjun. When you’re a Databodies IT consultant, things
happen. Your life starts moving forward. You start to become who you
always dreamed of becoming. That’s our mission, Arjun. To help people
become their dreams. That’s what we stand for.”
“And you can guarantee me a job in America?”
“Boy, good programmers like you are gold dust over there. Everyone
knows American college students are only interested in cannabis and skateboarding, right? You leave it with me. If you’re telling the truth, you’re going
to be raking in the dollars just as soon as we can get you on a flight.”
Arjun could barely contain his gratitude. He reached across the desk
and clasped Srinivasan’s hand. “Thank you, sir! Thank you! Have a nice
day!”
“No, thank you, Arjun. Good to have you aboard.”
Hari Kunzru, Transmission, 2004.
22
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:7
21/03/2007 10:06:54
World of work
Unit 1
Arjun
6 Explain how Arjun’s feelings evolve.
Complete the following sentences, using a different
adjective from the list each time.
grateful • nervous • puzzled • impressed
At first (l. 1-6), Arjun feels … because …
Then (l. 7-24), Arjun feels … because …
After that (l. 25-34), Arjun feels … because …
Finally (l. 35-end), Arjun feels … because …
Zoom out
1 On his way out, Arjun unexpectedly meets a
friend waiting to be interviewed. Act out the dialogue in pairs.
2 Sunny sends an e-mail to a colleague in America
to tell him he is sending Arjun over to work for him.
Imagine what he writes.
3 “To help people become their dreams. That’s
what we stand for.” Do you think this is the aim of
most companies? Develop your answer.
Translate
Overview
Translate the following expressions. Be careful
about word order.
– The transatlantic mode of address
– North Okhla Institute of Technology
– Some two-bit nightschool computer course
Find the following information about the two characters:
- who they are.
- where they are.
- why they are talking to each other.
Zoom in
Databodies
1 What type of company is Databodies? Justify your
answer with elements from the text.
Sunny
2 What does Sunny think about Arjun’s qualifications?
Justify your answer by quoting from the text.
3 “Sunny leaned back on his chair and clasped his
hands behind his head” (l. 25). Deduce the meanings of
the verbs from the context and explain what they reveal
about Sunny’s personality.
4 “That’s our mission […] That’s what we stand for” (l. 3334). Say who the pronouns refer to and explain what they
reveal about Sunny’s status.
5 Is Sunny interested in recruiting Americans?
Explain your answer.
Watch your words
Sunny: make money: gagner de l’argent
• to achieve, achievement = success, successful
• self-important • self-confident • power, powerful • energetic • outgoing = extrovert • impressive
• personable = pleasant • resourceful • laid-back = easy
going = relaxed
Arjun: to apply for a job = to go for a job • to
graduate from college • a graduate: un diplômé
• computing: informatique • computer scientist • well-qualified • tense = stressed = nervous
• aspiring = hopeful • determined = ambitious
/œm"bISEs/ • adaptable = flexible • dependable = reliable = trustworthy: fiable • respectful • admiring
• grateful = appreciative = thankful
23
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:8
21/03/2007 10:06:56
Text 2
Language Watch
Grammarama
Le présent en be + -ing
will et be going to
Observation
Observation
a. I mean, nice day. I’m having a nice day. (l. 2)
b. But you, Arjun, you’re telling me that you’re the real
deal. Right? (l. 14)
a. I’ll tell you a secret, Arjun … (l. 18)
b. I’m going to take your application, get you checked
out by my people …(l. 27)
c. … you’re going to be raking in the dollars … (l. 38)
1 Montrez que les verbes soulignés sont au présent en
be + -ing en décrivant le groupe verbal.
2 Les affirmations suivantes sont-elles vraies ou fausses ?
Phrase a. :
– Arjun est en train de passer une bonne journée au
moment où la phrase est prononcée.
Phrase b. :
– Arjun est en train de dire quelque chose au moment où
la phrase est prononcée.
– En prononçant la phrase, Sunny fait état de ce qu’il a
repéré / compris de la situation.
3 On dit souvent que le présent en be + -ing est utilisé
pour parler d’une action en cours. Après avoir répondu à la
question 2, cette explication vous paraît-elle satisfaisante ?
Comment pourrait-on décrire la valeur du présent en be
+ -ing de manière plus satisfaisante ? Relisez la troisième
affirmation de la question 2 et essayez de trouver une
explication qui s’applique également à la phrase a.
4 Quelles autres utilisations du présent en be + -ing
connaissez-vous ? Donnez des exemples. Vérifiez que votre
explication est toujours valable.
Mise en pratique
Traduisez les phrases suivantes en utilisant un présent
en be + -ing. Précisez sa valeur.
1. Il m’emprunte toujours mon stylo !
2. Je vois M. Smith demain à huit heures.
3. Regarde, il neige.
4. N’insiste pas, je ne viens pas avec vous.
33 Précis grammatical 2, p. 199
1 Dans chaque phrase, identifiez les formes verbales
utilisées pour renvoyer à l’avenir.
2 À quelles phrases les caractéristiques suivantes s’appliquent-elles ?
– Le locuteur émet une prédiction (dites sur quoi il se
base pour émettre cette prédiction).
– Le locuteur prend la décision de faire ce qu’il dit au
moment où il le dit.
– Le locuteur a déjà pris la décision de faire ce qu’il dit
au moment où il le dit.
3 À quel temps est le verbe go dans les phrases b. et
c. ? À l’aide de vos réponses à la question 2 et de vos
conclusions du point de grammaire précédent, justifiez
l’emploi de ce temps et du verbe go pour renvoyer à
l’avenir dans ces deux phrases.
Mise en pratique
Complétez les phrases suivantes à l’aide de will ou be
going to pour renvoyer à l’avenir. Justifiez votre choix.
1. – “The phone’s ringing.”
– “I … answer it, Mum.”
2. Look at these dark clouds. It … rain soon.
3. I’ve been through your application and I like it. I …
hire you.
4. Good programmers like you are like gold dust there.
Believe me, you … be rich in no time.
5. – “What are your plans for the weekend?”
– “I don’t know. I think I … just stay at home and have a
quiet time.”
33 Précis grammatical 7, p. 206
Phonology
Prononciation de la graphie -eaClassez les mots suivants selon la prononciation de la
graphie -ea-. Écoutez pour vérifier vos réponses.
dream • mean • searchlight • great • real • deal • areas –
earning • appearing • leaned • learned • pear • spear
\eI\
\∏…\
\”E\
\i…\
\íE\
…
…
…
…
…
24
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:9
21/03/2007 10:06:57
World of work
Unit 1
S
W
E
I
V
OVER TO YOU!
1 Describe the setting and the characters.
Explain what the different characters are doing.
2 Do you think this is a real-life scene or not?
Explain your answer.
3
Say what the characters could be saying or
thinking.
4
Imagine what could happen next.
Watch your words
Describe: desk lamp • calculator • roll of paper • paper tray:
corbeille à courrier • drawer: tiroir • visor (cap): casquette •
stare at sb: fixer qqn du regard • accountant: comptable
Interpret: bossy = authoritarian • reprimand = rebuke sb •
threaten /"Tretn/ sb: menacer qqn • submissive: soumis • apologise for doing sth
apologetic • afraid = scared • curious
• concerned = worried /"wØrId/ • meet a deadline: respecter
un délai • make a mistake • customer
25
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:10
21/03/2007 10:06:58
Text 3
Equal opportunity
Socrates Fortlow is an ex-prisoner who wants to change his life …
5
Walter Mosley
was born in Los Angeles
in 1952. He has written a
lot of crime fiction, but
has also explored other
genres. He has won
many literary awards.
Walter Mosley currently
lives in New York City.
10
15
Culture Flash
The first US supermarket
opened in New York in
1930. The concept quickly
spread to most suburbs,
and today there are
about 35,000 supermarkets which employ about
3.5 million Americans.
Famous supermarkets
include Kroger, A&P,
Wal-Mart, Kmart,
Safeway, Target, CostCo,
Supervalu or Albertsons.
20
25
30
Word help
1. poitrine
2. il fronça les sourcils
3. stopped
4. older person
5. se pencha
6. poings
7. marcher à grands pas
35
40
“Sir, can I help you?” Anton Crier asked.
Socrates knew the name because it was right there, on a big badge on
his chest1. ANTON CRIER ASST. MGR. He wore tan pants and a blue
blazer with the supermarket insignia over the badge.
“I came for an application,” Socrates said. It was a line that he had spent
a whole day thinking about; a week practicing. I came for an application.
[…]
Anton Crier’s brow knitted2 and he stalled3 a moment before asking, “An
application for what?”
“A job.” There, he’d said it. It was less than a minute and this short white
man, just a boy really, had already made him beg.
“Oh,” said Anton Crier, nodding like a wise elder4. “Uh. How old are
you, sir?”
“Ain’t that against the law? […] You cain’t discriminate against color or
sex or religion or infirmity or against age. That’s the law.”
“Uh, well, yes, of course it is. I know that. I’m not discriminating against
you. It’s just that we don’t have any openings right now. Why don’t you
come in the fall when the kids are back at school?”
Anton leaned5 to the side, intending to leave Socrates standing there.
“Hold on,” Socrates said. He held up his hands, loosely as fists6, in a
nonchalant sort of boxing stance.
Anton looked, and waited.
“I came for an application,” Socrates repeated.
“But I told you…”
“I know what you said. But first you looked at my clothes and at my bald
head. First yo’ eyes said that this is some kinda old hobo and what do he
want here. […] You got to give me a application. That’s the law too.”
“Wait here,” young Mr. Crier said. He turned and strode7 away toward an
elevated office that looked down along the line of cash registers.
Socrates watched him go. So did the checkers and bag boys. He was their
boss and they knew when he was unhappy. They stole worried glances
at Socrates.
Socrates stared back. He wondered if any of those young black women
would stand up for him. Would they understand how far he’d come to
get there?
He’d traveled more than fourteen miles from his little apartment down in
Watts. They didn’t have any supermarkets or jobs in his neighborhood.
And all the stores along Crenshaw and Washington knew him as a bum
who collected bottles and cans for a living.
They wouldn’t hire him.
Walter Mosley, Always Outnumbered, Always Outgunned, 1997.
26
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:11
21/03/2007 10:07:01
World of work
Overview
1 Say where and when the scene takes place, and who
the main characters are.
2 What is an “application”?
un formulaire de demande d’emploi • une réclamation •
un appareil ménager
3
Does Socrates manage to get what he wants?
Unit 1
8 Look at the language used by Socrates and draw
conclusions about his social background.
9 Describe and explain Socrates’ state of mind at the
end of the text.
Zoom out
1 An employee who witnessed the scene decides to go
and talk to Anton Crier. Act out the dialogue in pairs.
Zoom in
2 Do you favour anonymous résumés? Give examples
to illustrate your ideas.
1 Socrates mentions the law twice. Say when and explain
why.
Translate
2 The following adjectives can be used to describe
Socrates and / or Anton. Use all of them in sentences to
justify your choices.
Translate lines 30 to 32.
– “So did …”: find an appropriate expression.
– “checkers and bag boys”: deduce the meaning from
the context.
– “stole”: don’t use voler.
uncomfortable • nervous • unwelcoming • suspicious •
irritable • on the defensive
3 Study Anton Crier’s body language (lines 8, 12, 19, 28)
and interpret it in the context.
4
Does Anton discriminate against Socrates? Give a
qualified answer: On one hand … On the other hand …
5 Describe the employees’ attitude at the end, and
imagine why they look “worried”.
6 There are two synonyms in the text: “hobo” (l. 26) and
“bum” (l. 38). Say what they mean.
7 How does Socrates currently make a living? Explain
why it is a problem to him.
Watch your words
Socrates: odd jobs: des petits boulots • apply for a
job: postuler pour un emploi • job seeker: demandeur
d’emploi • fill in a form: remplir un formulaire • point
sth out: faire remarquer qqc • suspect (sb of doing
sth): soupçonner • disappointed: déçu
Anton Crier: abide by the law: respecter la loi • lack
respect (towards sb): manquer de respect • look down
on sb ≠ look up to sb • scorn = despise sb: mépriser
qqn • scorn = disdain: le mépris
27
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:12
21/03/2007 10:07:02
Text 3
Language Watch
Grammarama
this et that
Observation
a. It was less than a minute and this short white man, just
a boy really, had already made him beg. (l. 10)
b. „Uh. How old are you, sir?” – “Ain’t that against the
law?” (l. 12)
c. You cain’t discriminate against color or sex or religion
or infirmity or against age. That’s the law. (l. 14)
d. First yo’ eyes said that this is some kinda old hobo and
what do he want here. (l. 26)
1 Parmi les occurrences de this et that ci-dessus, l’une
n’a rien à voir avec les autres. Dites pourquoi.
2 Quelles occurrences sont des pronoms ? Que remplacentils ? Qu’en est-il de l’occurrence restante ?
3 Le locuteur se sert-il de this ou de that pour :
– reprendre quelque chose de déjà mentionné et conclure
sur un sujet ?
– donner des informations nouvelles / supplémentaires
sur ce dont il parle ?
Mise en pratique
Complétez les phrases suivantes avec this ou that.
1. Can you fill in … form, please. Put your name, address
and phone number.
2. I remember … song. It’s the one that was playing when
we first met.
3. You’re not going there and … ’s final!
4. Look, … is my dream house. It’s a one-storey villa with
a big garden and the beach just across the road. I’m sure
you’ll love it here.
5. Have you read his latest novel? You should really have
a look at … book. It’s great.
6. They told me to take a week off and ...’s what I did.
33 Précis grammatical 19, p. 219
Phrases à sens futur
et subordonnées de temps
Observation
Why don’t you come in the fall when the kids are back
at school? (l. 17)
1 Cette phrase renvoie-t-elle au passé, au présent ou à
l’avenir ? Justifiez.
2 Identifiez la proposition principale et la subordonnée.
Par quoi cette dernière est-elle introduite ?
3 Traduisez la phrase en français. Que remarquez-vous
quant aux temps utilisés ?
4 Concluez : dans les phrases à sens futur, les subordonnées de temps introduites par … contiennent généralement le … .
5 Par quelles autres conjonctions pourrait-on remplacer
when ? Le temps de la subordonnée serait-il modifié ?
Mise en pratique
Traduisez les phrases suivantes. Faites bien attention
aux temps à utiliser.
1. J’irai à Londres quand les soldes commenceront.
2. Appelle-nous avant de partir.
3. Il sera plus facile de te déplacer dès que tu auras une
voiture.
4. Je l’attendrai jusqu’à ce qu’il revienne.
5. Je lui ferai confiance aussi longtemps que je vivrai.
33 Précis grammatical 7, p. 206
Phonology
Prononciation de la graphie -aiClassez ces mots suivant la prononciation de la graphie -ai-. Écoutez pour vérifier vos réponses.
said • again • gain • afraid • against • wait • hair • aisle
• curtain • obtain • saint • air • certain • faint • stair
\e\
\aI\
\”E\
\eI\
\E\ ou rien
…
…
…
…
…
28
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:13
21/03/2007 10:07:05
World of work
Work out
Unit 1
Perform
a job
interview
A
ISTANTS
GOLDEN ASS
ed for a very busy
t secretary requir
Personal assistan
merate; highly
e graduate; nu
dg
ri
xb
O
.
ity
eferred. Good
celebr
proach; driver pr
ap
e
bl
xi
fle
d;
se
oker.
organi
essential. Non sm
r
ne
an
m
e
on
teleph
ll at weekends.
, Mon-Fri; on ca
ox
pr
ap
-9
12
rs
Hou
covering letter to
E-mail CV with
line.co.uk
goldenassist@on
B
CANBERRA ADVERTISERS
Join the dynamic graphics team of our rapidly expanding
advertising agency for this temporary post. You will
need to be a very organised, highly motivated, creative
individual. Strong IT1 skills and the ability to work well
in a team essential. Flexible working hours. Previous
experience preferred. Send your CV with a cover letter
to [email protected]
1. Information Technology (= computers)
OVER TO YOU!
1 Read the ads and list the expressions that refer to the
job candidate’s qualifications, personal qualities and
duties. Which list is the longest? Why?
2 Role play. You have been invited for an interview for
one of the above positions. Choose a role and prepare it,
then act it out.
A. Candidate: convince the company.
1. Introduce yourself briefly.
2. Explain in detail why you can do the job.
3. Say why your personal qualities are suited to this job.
B. Interviewer: test the candidate.
1. Make the candidate feel very welcome (friendly,
personal questions).
2. Explain what you expect from the candidate (personality, work) and ask if that is possible.
3. Ask about weekend and evening work.
C
EUROSELLNOW
We require a temporary computer support person
for our network in the City. Must be a teamplayer,
self starter1, self motivated, willing to work shifts2,
weekends and some Bank Holidays. Diplomacy
and initiatives are also key.
For more information and to apply please visit:
www.careersateurosell.eu (ref. VS745K).
We welcome applications from any individual
regardless of ethnic origin, gender, disability,
religious belief, sexual orientation or age.
1. independent
2. changing work times (usually 6am-2pm,
2pm-6pm, 6pm-2am)
Starters
I think that I am able to ...
What interests me about the job is ...
I have already (done … / been …) before and
I would like to ...
I am willing to ... , as ...
We require someone who is ...
We need … Have you ever (done … / been …)?
We expect the candidate to ... because ...
Communication Guide : 2, p. 235
29
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:14
21/03/2007 10:07:05
Issue
Study AND work?
1
START OF WORKING LIFE
Small business owners in the UK were asked about the
jobs they did as teenagers.
84% of small business owners we surveyed had earned
extra money by working while at school. The most
popular employment source was delivering papers (35%),
although one in five worked in a shop or restaurant and
20% had worked in a family business. Being enterprising
from the start, 16% earned money by helping with chores1
at home.
[…] 45% of owners of small businesses rejected higher or
further education and left school at 15 or 16. […] Only
5% said they had a professional qualification, while 7%
had a university degree.
The Royal Bank of Scotland, 2006.
2
WORK AND STUDY
According to a recent NUS1 survey:
• 59% of students find their work affects their
studies.
• 48% feel they would obtain higher grades if they
were not employed.
• 38% miss lectures2.
• 21% have failed to submit course work.
1. National Union of Students (UK)
2. lessons
1. housework
3
STUDENTS WHO WORK: OPINIONS
Culture Flash
High school and college
students have parttime or summer jobs
in the UK, the USA and
other English-speaking
countries. This is
sometimes a necessity
as college studies can be
very expensive: £3,000
a year in the UK, and
up to $30,000 in the US
– not including room and
board (pension). Having
a job is also considered
as a way of preparing
for professional life
after graduation. Most
employers look very
favourably at student CVs
with work experience.
Samantha Jackson
If I didn’t work, I’d have less money and I’d have to rely on my parents and
my grandparents. At the moment, I work 10 hours a week in a shoe shop.
During the summer holidays I work nights in a milk bottle factory. It’s deadly
boring but the pay’s great!
David Rubitch
Working has helped with my study time because it has forced me to organise
my timetable.
Andrew Symonds
I’ve got a part-time job working as a kitchen porter in a café. Basically I do
the washing up, but I do a few chef’s duties, and it’s quite fun. Some nights I
think I should be writing an essay rather than working here tonight.
Jason Roberts
My dad doesn’t let me work. He thinks I should concentrate on my studies.
I’ve got some friends who work, mainly in cafés and bars, but they’re
always exhausted. They have no time to revise and I’m sure they’ll fail their
exams.
Asikiye Brown
I like to work very hard for about four weeks in the summer doing officetemping to pay off my overdraft and go backpacking somewhere.
30
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:15
21/03/2007 10:07:08
World of work
Unit 1
Get ready
Documents 1 to 4
1 Pick out all the different jobs mentioned. What,
in your opinion, are the best and worst? Justify your
choices in terms of money, flexibility, interest, etc.
2 Find arguments in favour of and against working and
studying at the same time.
4
Document 5
5
3 Describe the cartoon and explain the author’s
message. Do you agree with it?
Roleplay
www.CartoonStock.com
More and more teenagers at your high school are
working to earn extra money. The principal has received
complaints from some teachers and parents about
students’ results. He has decided to talk about the issue
with a teacher and a student.
Get into groups, choose a character and play his / her
part.
A tight budget
Principal: concerned about school’s image. Wants students
to perform well but also wants to develop links with the
local economy.
Teacher: opposed to all student jobs on ideological
grounds. Believes business has no place at school.
Student: delivers papers in the morning. Both parents are
unemployed. Wants to go to an expensive university.
Watch your words
Student jobs: minimum wage: salaire
minimum • part-time shift: travail à mi-temps
• telemarketing • computer programmer:
informaticien • web designer: créateur de sites
web • graphic designer: graphiste • baby-sitter
• house-sitter • intern • sales assistant: vendeur/
euse • catering: restauration • bar work • private
lessons • fundraiser: collecteur de fonds
WB
Listen and use your Workbook for help.
Students & employees: academic = intellectual •
graduate: diplômé • gown: toge • mortar board:
toque portée pendant la remise des diplômes •
attend lectures: assister aux cours • schedule:
emploi du temps • socialize: sortir entre amis •
to face organisational problems • low-skilled ≠
skilled: qualifié • self-reliant: autonome • reliable:
fiable • energetic • entertaining = enjoyable =
fun • overworked • stay up late: se coucher tard
• lack sleep
31
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:16
21/03/2007 10:07:09
Extra
Text
The massage
and the message
5
10
Sophie Kinsella
is a former financial
journalist. She became a
bestselling author with her
“Shopaholic” series. She
writes what is now called
“chick lit”: popular books
written by women about
modern heroines and their
everyday problems.
Culture Flash
A BlackBerry is a sort of
mobile phone with which
you can also send e-mail
and browse the web. It was
first introduced in 1999.
15
20
25
Word help
1. lueur
2. smiles
3. drug
4. carillon
5. rebord de fenêtre
6. coffre-fort
7. extends
8. docilement
9. cf. Culture Flash
10. slip en papier
11. serviette
12. maladroitement
13. massage
14. négligent
15. pushing
16. bosse
17. d’un air penaud
30
35
40
45
“All I can say is, you’ve come to the right place, Samantha. Our aim here
is to destress, revitalize, and detoxify.”
“Lovely,” I say, only half listening. I’ve just remembered that I never got
back to David Elldridge about the Ukrainian oil contract. I meant to call
him yesterday. Shit.
“Our aim is to provide a haven of tranquility, away from all your day-to-day
worries.” Maya presses another button in the wall, and the light dims to a
muted glow1. “Before we start,” she says softly, “do you have any questions?”
“Actually, I do.” I lean forward.
“Good!” She beams2. “Are you curious about today’s treatments, or is it
something more general?”
“Could I possibly send a quick e-mail?”
Maya’s smile freezes on her face.
“Just quickly,” I add. “It won’t take two secs -”
“Samantha, Samantha...” Maya shakes her head. “You’re here to relax. To
take a moment for yourself. Not to send e-mails. E-mail’s an obsession!
An addiction3! As evil as alcohol. Or caffeine.”
For goodness sake, I’m not obsessed. I mean, that’s ridiculous. I check my
e-mails about once every... thirty seconds, maybe.
The thing is, a lot can change in thirty seconds.
“And besides, Samantha,” Maya goes on. “Do you see a computer in this room?”
“No,” I reply, obediently looking around the dim little room, at posters
of yoga positions and a wind chime4 and a row of crystals arranged on
the windowsill5.
“This is why we ask that you leave all electronic equipment in the safe6.
No mobile phones are permitted. No little computers.” Maya spreads7 her
arms. “This is a retreat. An escape from the world.”
“Right.” I nod meekly8.
Now is probably not the time to reveal that I have a BlackBerry9 hidden
in my paper knickers10.
“So, let’s begin.” Maya smiles. “Lie down, please, under a towel11. And
remove your watch.”
“I need my watch!”
“Another addiction.” She tsks reprovingly. “You don’t need to know the
time while you’re here.”
She turns away, and with reluctance I take off my watch. Then, a little
awkwardly12, I arrange myself on the massage table, trying to avoid
squashing my precious BlackBerry.
I did see the rule about no electronic equipment. And I did surrender
my Dictaphone. But three hours without a BlackBerry? I mean, what if
something came up at the office? What if there was an emergency?
If they really wanted people to relax, they would let them keep their BlackBerrys and mobile phones, not confiscate them.
Anyway, she’ll never see it under my towel.
“I’m going to begin with a relaxing foot rub13,” says Maya, and I feel her
32
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:17
21/03/2007 10:07:12
World of work
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
smoothing some kind of lotion over my feet.
“Try to clear your mind.”
I stare dutifully up at the ceiling. Clear mind. My
mind is as clear as a transparent... glass...
What am I going to do about Elldridge? He’ll be
waiting for a response. What if he tells the other
partners I was lax14? […]
Maybe I could send him a very quick e-mail.
Surreptitiously I reach down and feel the hard
corner of my BlackBerry. Gradually I inch it out
of my paper knickers. Maya is still massaging my
feet, totally oblivious.
“Your body is growing heavy... your mind should
be emptying...”
I edge the BlackBerry up onto my chest until I can
just see the screen underneath the towel. Thank
goodness this room is so dim. Trying to keep
my movements to a minimum, I furtively start typing an e-mail with one
hand.
“Relaax...” Maya is saying in soothing tones. “Imagine you’re walking
along a beach...”
“Uh-huh...” I murmur.
David, I’m typing. Re ZFN Oil contract. I read through amendments. Feel
our response should be...
“What are you doing?” says Maya, suddenly alert.
“Nothing!” I say, hastily shoving15 the BlackBerry back under the towel.
“Just... er... relaxing.”
Maya comes round the couch and looks at the bump16 in the towel where
I’m clutching the BlackBerry.
“Are you hiding something?” she says in disbelief.
“No!”
From under the towel the BlackBerry emits a little bleep.
Damn.
“I think that was a car,” I say, trying to sound casual. “Outside in the street.”
Maya’s eyes narrow.
“Samantha,” she says ominously. “Do you have a piece of electronic equipment under there?”
I have the feeling that if I don’t confess she’ll rip my towel off anyway.
“I was just sending an e-mail,” I say at last, and sheepishly17 produce the
BlackBerry.
“You workaholics!” She grabs it out of my hand in exasperation. “E-mails
can wait. It can all wait. You just don’t know how to relax!”
“I’m not a workaholic!” I retort indignantly. “I’m a lawyer! It’s different!”
Unit 1
As you read …
1 Explain where the scene
takes place and who the two
characters are.
2
What is Maya’s goal?
3 What is Samantha’s problem?
4 How does Maya react to
Samantha’s question at the
beginning?
5 Does Samantha feel comfortable? Explain your answer.
6 What is Samantha hiding?
Why?
7 What does Samantha try to
do during the massage?
Is she successful?
Sophie Kinsella, The Undomestic Goddess, 2005.
Look back
1 Show the contrast between the two women’s attitudes.
What effect does it create?
2
Who is the reader supposed to side with? Explain
why.
Zoom out
1
Do you think this story is realistic? Explain your answer.
2
Imagine the end of the “beauty therapy”.
3 Samantha was offered this “beauty therapy” by her
friend Freya. Now she writes to her about her experience
with Maya. Write the letter.
33
U 1_U4_BAT.indd Sec1:18
21/03/2007 10:07:13