Chapter 15
Musculoskeletal System Lesson 15.1.2
Musculoskeletal System
Muscles
Ossification
Diaphysis
Metaphysis
Compact bone
Red marrow Processes
Depressions
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1
Bones: Thorax, Pelvis, and
Extremities (cont’d)
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2
Bones: Thorax, Pelvis and
Extremities (cont’d)
Thorax
Arm and Hand
 clavicle
 humerus
Pelvis
 pelvic girdle
 scapula
 ulna
 ilium
 sternum
 radius
 ischium
 ribs
 carpals
 pubis
 metacarpals
 phalanges
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3
Bones of Leg and Foot
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4
Bones of Leg and Foot and
Associated Structures

Femur



acetabulum
Patella
Tibia



medial malleolus
Tarsals




calcaneus
talus
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Fibula


lateral malleolus
talus
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5
QUICK QUIZ:
1. The knuckle-like process at the
end of a bone near the joint…
A. fossa
B. condyle
C. tubercle
D. diaphysis
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6
QUICK QUIZ:
1. The knuckle-like process at the
end of a bone near the joint…
A. fossa
B. condyle
C. tubercle
D. diaphysis
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7
QUICK QUIZ: ( cont’d)
2. The process of bone formation
is ____________.
A. olecranon
B. ossification
C. osteoblast
D. xiphoid process
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8
QUICK QUIZ: ( cont’d)
2. The process of bone formation
is ____________.
A. olecranon
B. ossification
C. osteoblast
D. xiphoid process
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
9
Terminology — Bones
GENERAL TERMS
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






calc/o
calci/o
kyph/o
lamin/o
lord/o
lumb/o
Meaning
calcium
calcium
posterior curvature in
thoracic region
lamina
curve
loins, lower back
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10
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
GENERAL TERMS
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






myel/o
orth/o
oste/o
scoli/o
spondyl/o
vertebr/o
Meaning
bone marrow
straight
bone
crooked
vertebra
vertebra
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11
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
GENERAL TERMS
SUFFIXES
Suffix







Meaning
-blast
-clast
-listhesis
-malacia
-physis
-porosis
-tome
embryonic cell
to break
slipping
softening
to grow
pore, passage
instrument to cut
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12
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






acetabul/o
calcane/o
carp/o
clavicul/o
cost/o
crani/o
Meaning
acetabulum (hip socket)
calcaneus (heal)
carpals (wrist bones)
clavicle (collar bone)
ribs
cranium (skull)
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13
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






femor/o
fibul/o
humer/o
ili/o
ischi/o
malleol/o
Meaning
femur (thigh bones)
fibula (smaller lower leg bone)
humerus (upper arm bone)
ilium (upper part of pelvic bone)
ischium (part of pelvic bone)
malleolus
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14
Terminology — Bones
(cont‘d)
TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form







mandibul/o
maxill/o
metacarp/o
metatars/o
olecran/o
patell/o
pelv/i
Meaning
mandible (lower jaw bone)
maxilla (upper jaw bone)
metacarpals (hand bones)
metatarsals (foot bones)
olecranon (elbow)
patella (kneecap)
pelvis
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15
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form





perone/o
phalang/o
pub/o
radi/o
scapul/o
Meaning
fibula
phalanges (finger, toe bones)
pubis
radius
scapula (shoulder blade)
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16
Terminology — Bones
(cont’d)
TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form




stern/o
tars/o
tibi/o
uln/o
Meaning
sternum (breastbone)
tarsals
tibia (shin bone)
ulna (lower arm bone)
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17
Pathology — Bones






Ewing sarcoma: malignant bone tumor
exostosis: bony growth on surface of bone
osteogenic sarcoma: malignant tumor arising from
bone
osteomalacia: softening of bone
osteomyelitis: inflammation secondary to infection
talipes: congenital abnormality of hindfoot involving
the talus (clubfoot)
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18
Pathologic Conditions
Fractures of Bones
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19
Pathology
Normal Bone
Bone with osteoporosis
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