ANGLAIS CPGE – D.Chocoloff
Fiches culturelles
CHAPITRE 12
LES PARTIS POLITIQUES AUX ETATS-UNIS
In his speech in 1796, G.Washington warned against the power of political parties, accused of managing the country in their own interests. This did not prevent the bipartisanship that has still been dominating over the last two centuries. Parties Federalists Democratic-­‐Republican Leaders Hamilton Jefferson Policy Powerful federal government having authority overall States. Limited federal power and greater autonomy for the States. Central bank and central economic plan based on trade. Supporters Manufacturers, merchants, New Englanders. à Disbanded in 1812 Farmers, artisans, Southerners. à Split around 1825 Parties
Leaders and
political actions
Generalities
Democratic Party
Republican Party
(founded by Jackson in 1844)
(Initially National Republican Party)
Jackson
Cleveland :
Civil service system for government employees
Wilson :
Federal Reserve Board (central bank)
First labor and child welfare laws.
FD.Roosevelt :
New Deal plan to fight against the Great
Depression
Tennessee Valley Authorities (structure
struggling against floods)
Social Security System
Truman :
Marshall plan and Truman doctrine (economic
and military help to stop communist expansion )
NATO
Kennedy :
Civil Right Act (1964)
Voting Right Act (1965)
Johnson :
Great society programs including Medicare
Carter, Clinton :
Student Loan Reform Act
Family and Medical Leave Act
Quincy
Fight for individuals’ equalities
Foster working people and employees
14 presidents
Symbolized by an Donkey which represents :
Courageous and humble for Democrats
Stubborn and stupid for Republicans
Fight for individuals’ rights
Foster big business and companies
23 presidents
Symbolized by an Elephant which represents :
Strong and intelligent for Republicans
Bungling and pompous for Democrats
Lincoln (1860) :
During the Civil War he signed the
Emancipation Proclamation
13th Amendment : outlaw slavery (1865)
14th Amendment : equal protection under the law
(1868)
15th Amendment : Blacks voting right (1870)
Encouraged internal migration
T.Roosevelt :
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Department of Labor
1872 : equal pay for equal work for women
Bush (2000)
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ANGLAIS CPGE – D.Chocoloff
Fiches culturelles
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