Meanwhile, back in Europe…
All Heaven is Breaking Loose!
Protestant Reformation
1492 -- W. Europe = Catholic
1517 -- Martin Luther’s 95 Theses
attacked indulgences
saved by faith alone
“priesthood of all believers”
Result
conflict & civil war
Calvinism
Predestination
strict morality
hard work
Protestantism in England
Henry VIII = “defender of the faith”
Problems w/ Catherine of Aragon
(wife #1)
Anne Boleyn
Elizabeth I
Anglican Church (Protestant)
English attempts at Empire
Began under Queen Elizabeth I
Raleigh’s “Lost Colony”
100 colonists sent by Sir Walter
Raleigh to Roanoke Island
Virginia Dare
Colony mysteriously disappeared
Founded Upon Smoke
The Virginia Colony
The English Background
English Government
Allows large measure of self-rule
Magna Carta (1215) = even the king is subject to the law
Parliament = no taxation without consent
Common Law = laws evolve/change
Virginia Company and Plymouth Company (1606)
Virginia Colony
Virginia = 1st permanent English colony
“Virgin Queen” (Elizabeth I)
Founded Jamestown on the James River
Problems
Virginia Colony
Virginia’s Reason for survival:
TOBACCO
Export to Europe = extremely
profitable
Reforms
“headright” policy
“rights of Englishmen”
General Assembly of Virginia
(House of Burgesses)
1619 -- 90 women to be sold as
wives, 20 Africans to be sold as
slaves
1624 -- Virginia becomes a Royal
Colony