2007 East Asia Ministerial Sanitation Conference
(EASAN)
Initial thinking on a Vietnam
Unified Sanitation Sector Strategy
and Action Plan (U3SAP)
EASAN Vietnam Task Force
November 2007
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Content
1. The drivers for U3SAP
2. The response: U3SAP Initiative
3. Next steps
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1. The drivers for U3SAP
• Very rapid economic and population growth
• Demand for sanitation services,
industrialization, intensive agriculture and
village-based production all is increasing
• Impacts across administrative and sectoral
boundaries are increasingly in evidence
• Water resources and environment are under
intensifying pressure from wastes
• On current projections, Sanitation MDG
targets will not be met !
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(Photo by Vnexpress.net)
Exposed uncollected garbage in
a fast growing city area
Inundated streets
Unsafe wastewater reuse
in agriculture
Not operating wastewater treatment plant
with inappropriate technology
(Photo by Nguyen V.A.)
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2
Overall economic losses and gains
Per capita
US$ 9.38
1.3% of GDP
Annual gain
US$ 711 m
350
Economic loss (US$ million)
Annual loss
US$780 m
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Health
Water
Environment Other welfare
Tourism
Source: Evaluation of the Economic Impacts of Sanitation in Vietnam (WSP, 2007)
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Local
Urban
Sanitation…
Affects people and
International
institutions Provincial
at all levels..
Agricultural
wastes
Overlaps several
WSS sectors..
2000 RWSS Strategy
Industrial and
medical
wastes
Solid wastes
and litter
and
Has incomplete
scattered guidance…
Various urban
and small town
Decrees plus
planned new
Wastewater Directive
Peri
urban
Sullage
Embraces many
sub-sectors..
National
National Strategy for
Environmental Protection
plus various environmental
guidelines
Rural
Human wastes
and sewage
Small towns
WSS
Drainage
IWRM
Tourism
Impacts on several
important intersectoral aspects
Health
and productivity
Sustainable
Environment
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2. The response: U3SAP Initiative
• As a result, GoV has identified the need for
better interaction on sanitation “across
boundaries”
⇒ plan to unify guidance under one linked
strategy – U3SAP
• Idea first put forward by a high-level
inter-agency VN delegation at the 2005
Guilin Sanitation Conference
• WSP asked to support – now part of funded
2006-2009 WSP support workplan in
Vietnam
Ecosan toilet production
by a private firm
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IEC campaign for a better
sanitation
User’s voice – user’s choice for
a sanitation solution
Construction of community-based
baffled septic tank in a village
(Photo by Nguyen V.A.)
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Agreed Approach
• GoV lead and ownership paramount
• Donor buy-in essential, necessary time and
support resources
• Process-based, adaptive
• Combined rural, small towns, peri-urban and urban
view.
• Links: national, inter-provincial, provincial and
more localized concerns and solutions.
• Referring to and active link with other key sectors
such as water supply, health/hygiene, water
resources, environment, education & training.
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Intended Outcomes
1. Vietnam Government actively leads the
inclusive development and progressive
application of an updated, integrated and
appropriate sanitation strategy for urban,
peri-urban, small town and rural areas
2. This results in accelerated delivery of
sustainable sanitation services,
services and
contributes directly to meeting the MDGs /
VDGs
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Cross-sectoral Stakeholders
• Actively involved government agencies:
Government Office, MPI, MoH, MoNRE, MoC, MARD.
• Supporting agency:
WSP, other potential support agencies
• Partners:
Provincial Governments, Vietnam Women’s Union,
Academia and Research Sector,
NGOs, Private Sector
• Essential liaison mechanisms:
RWSS Partnership, Urban Forum,
NGO Resource Network, VWSA.
• Initial supporting consultants:
VWSA, CEETIA/HUCE and SECO consortium
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Key roles for all Stakeholders (1)
• Contributing ideas to the process design and
strategy development
• Commenting on and improving draft
documents
• Linking U3SAP with other existing or planned
sectoral / sub-sectoral guidance
• Mobilizing funding and opportunities to
develop, pilot, implement and progressively
update the Sector Strategy and Action Plan
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Key roles for all Stakeholders (2)
• Linking emerging guidance to the development
of new sector support
• Helping ensure U3SAP and other support
initiatives are mutually complimentary
• Proposing other ways to support and make
inputs
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Current Status of U3SAP initiative
• The Proposal to develop U3SAP has been
submitted with strong support from the
Ministries and the World Bank to the Prime
Minister's Office by VWSA in February 2007
• The official comments of all the Line
Ministries and of MPI to the Prime Minister's
Office was understood to be generally very
positive
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3. Next steps
• Early in the International Year of Sanitation
2008, U3SAP will be revised and resubmitted
to the Prime Minister, with active involvement
of stakeholders (U3S and AP!)
• WB/WSP has grant funds available to
support this revision work, and the nationallyled development of the Strategy itself, likely
now to commence in mid 2008
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U3SAP can fill gaps, minimize conflicts, add
value and combine benefits
a
U3SAP
Support – not overlap or competition
RWSS Strategy
2020 and
potential
updates
Urban &
Industrial
Wastewater
Directives
National
Strategy for
Environmental
Protection
Etc.
National
Handwashing
Program
Etc.
Etc.
Existing or planned Sectoral or Sub-Sectoral
Strategic Guidance on Sanitation
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Thank you very much
for your attention
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