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Section 4 Summary
Vatican City
1
Target Reading Skill
5
TH
Look at the word headquarters in
the underlined sentence. Circle the
context clues that help you
understand why it refers
k
ar
to something imporM ext
tant. Then look more
T
closely at the word.
You know that one meaning of head
is “leader.” One meaning of quarters
is “a place where someone lives.”
What does headquarters mean?
E
10
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____________________
15
Reading Check
What is the Vatican?
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____________________
20
Divisions Between North and South
25
30
Roman Catholicism brings together about one billion
people around the world. It also unites many Italians.
Other things unite Italians. Most people living in Italy
are ethnic Italians. Strong family ties are common
among Italians.
There are also many differences among Italians.
Italians in the north and Italians in the south live and
work in different ways. For many years, there was no
single Italy. Italy didn’t unite into one country until the
late 1800s.
Key Term
basilica (buh SIL ih kuh) n. a special style of Roman Catholic
church that has special, high status because of age or history
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Reading and Vocabulary Study Guide
© Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
____________________
Vatican City, also called the Vatican, is a country within
a country. It is located inside Rome, the capital of Italy.
The Vatican is an independent city-state. A city-state is
both a city and an independent country.
Vatican City is the world headquarters of the Roman
Catholic Church. The pope is its leader. Every day,
Roman Catholics all over the world look to him for
guidance. Most Italians are Roman Catholic. Their religion unifies them. Every day, Catholics and non-Catholics visit the
Vatican. Most visitors come to see St. Peter’s Basilica. A
basilica is a Roman Catholic church that is special
because of its past. The Vatican’s palace and art museums are also popular attractions. They have priceless
collections of art. Some of the artwork is from ancient
Greece and Rome.
The Sistine (SIS teen) Chapel is located inside the
Vatican. It contains many famous paintings, sculptures,
and other works of art. The famous artist Michelangelo
painted religious scenes on the ceiling in the 1500s. It is
the most famous ceiling in the world.
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Life in Northern and Southern Italy
North
History
• Influenced by invaders
from Western Europe.
• Grew into city-states.
Economy • Has many international
businesses and most of
Italy’s manufacturing
industries.
• More prosperous.
• After World War II, the
economy boomed in
the large cities and
industrial centers.
Politics
Vocabulary Strategy
The word secede appears in the
underlined sentence. The word is
formed from the Latin word se,
which means “apart” and the Latin
root ced, which means “go.” What
do you think secede means?
South
• Influenced by invaders
from south and east.
• Ruled by feudal
kingdoms; large numbers
of peasants worked the
land.
____________________
____________________
• Mostly agricultural
• Fishing also important.
• After World War II,
agriculture-based
economy failed to thrive.
• Italy’s government tried
to help the south by
introducing land reform.
• The government also
built roads and new
irrigation systems here.
• In the 1990s, a party
• In recent elections the
called the Northern
Northern League has not
League called for northern
done well.
Italy to secede and form
its own country.
© Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Review Questions
Reading Check
Which part of Italy is mostly
agricultural?
1. Name three things that unite Italians.
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
2. Name three differences between life in northern Italy
and life in southern Italy.
____________________
____________________
____________________
Key Terms
manufacturing (man yoo FAK chur ing) n. the process of turning
raw materials into finished products
land reform (land ree FAWRM) n. the process of dividing large
properties into smaller ones
Chapter 4
Section 4
53