REVISED AND UPDATED June 2006
United States Sul!Port for the United Nations
Proe:ramme of Action to Prevent, Combat and
Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Li2;ht
Weapons in All Its Aspects
with illicit SAIL
activities
individuals associated
Identify groups and
Section II , para 6
trade
monitoring illicit SAIL
researching and
agencies responsible for
National coordinating
Section II , para 4
Legislation to criminalize
illicit SAIL W activities
of SAIL
production and transfer
Domestic laws and
procedures to control
Section II , para 2
Section II , para 3
UN Programme of Action
Investigation (FBI).
In the U. , firearm dealers are required to conduct
background checks on potential buyers through the
National Instant Criminal Background Check System
(NICS), operated by the Federal Bureau of
Department of State
In the U. S. Government , responsibility for researching
and monitoring the illicit SAIL W trade is generally
shared by the Department of Justice s (DOJ) Bureau
of Alcohol , Tobacco Firearms and Explosives (A TF)
(domestic), the Department of State (DOS)
(international and domestic from an export
perspective), the Department of Defense (DOD), and
the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). ATF
also regulates the interstate commerce of firearms
through enforcement of the Gun Control Act , the
Arms Control Act , and the National Firearms Act and
traces firearms for law enforcement through its
National Tracing Center (NTC).
S. law enforcement agencies cooperate with each
other and with their foreign counterparts to combat
the illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in SAiLW.
Regulations (IA TR) must be registered with the
S. law requires that anyone engaged in the business
of commercial manufacturing or importing of firearms
must be licensed under the Gun Control Act of 1968
(GCA). The GCA provides criminal and civil
penalties for firearms violations , ranging from license
revocation to fines and imprisonment for ten years.
S. legislation adopted in 2004 substantially
increased crimInal penalties for the unlawful
possession , export , import , or transfer of man- portable
air defense systems (MANP ADS). Long mandatory
jail sentences and severe monetary penalties were
established to deter unlawful activities involving
MANP ADS. U. S. law (Arms Export Control Act)
also requires that aU. S. person engaged in the
business of manufacturing defense articles to include
Category I/II of the International Traffic in Arms
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
enforcement agencies that are of U. S. origin and have
been used in or suspected to have been used in criminal
activities. A TF also assists law enforcement agencies in
recovering obliterated or altered serial numbers.
The NTC traces firearms for U. S. and foreign law
Through diplomatic channels , the United States regularly
works with foreign governments to identify and prevent
illicit and/or potentially destabilizing transfers of arms.
N/A
Not applicable (N/A)
POA
S. Assistance and Programs Supportive of the UN
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAIL W
S. Global/Regional Activity
foreign governments.
individuals with Interpol , Europol
and with appropriate law
enforcement agencies of individual
information on such groups or
Upon request and consistent with
S. law , the United States shares
N/A
N/A
Supportive of the UN POA
on
Responsibility for
national holdings and
traceability of arms
Section II , para 10
and transfer
manufacture , holding
Record keeping "
Section II , para 9
Exchange on marking
practices
SAIL W
manufacture , transfer
possession of unmarked
Measures to prevent
time of manufacture
Marking of all SAIL W at
Section II , para 7 , 8
Section III , para 12
UN Programme of Action
DOD has a central register administered by the U. S. Army
Logistical Support Activity (LOGSA), which is
responsible for the serialization and accountability of all
DOD SAiLW.
must maintain records for at least 5 years.
for permanent retention. Exporters registered with DOS
Commercial manufacturers are required to maintain
permanent records of the manufacture , exports and other
acquisition of firearms. Licensed importers of all defense
articles must maintain records for 6 years and exporters of
defense articles for 5 years. Certain firearms (e. g. machine
guns) must be registered under the National Firearms Act.
All licensed dealers must maintain Firearms Transaction
Records of all sales and transfers (Form 4473) of firearms
for not less than 20 years. When/if dealers go out of
business , they are required to submit these records to A TF
manufacture firearms.
Since the 2001 UN Conference on SAlLW , ATF has
established specific height (l/16th inch) and depth (0. 003
inch) marking requirements for licensees who Import or
All licensed importers and manufacturers are required to
mark each firearm manufactured or imported into the
United States with the serial number , make , model , and
caliber or gauge of the firearm , as well as the name , city,
and state or foreign country of the manufacturer , and if
imported , the city and state of the importer. Confiscated
firearms retained for official use are marked if not already
marked.
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
S. Global/Regional Activity
Canada Cross- border Crime Forum
to address cross- border firearms trafficking and
other bilateral issues.
annual U.
biannual Senior Law Enforcement Plenary
meetings with counterparts in Mexico and the
Firearms Trace Requests. DOJ participates in
Between 1994 and 2004 , A TF responded to over
150 000 requests from foreign governments for
assistance in tracing illegal firearms. A
publishes an annual report on International
N/A
manufacturing and trafficking in SAIL
Law Enforcement Academies (ILEAs) to provide
expertise to representatives of foreign law
enforcement agencies to combat illicit
The U. S. also works through the International
and supports the Instrument adopted
by consensus in June 2005.
marking and tracing illicit SAIL
The United States actively
participated in the OEWG on
numerous international fora
including a presentation at the 2nd
OEWG session.
N/A
currently-accepted U. S. best
practices for marking and tracing in
legal and
programmatic information on
A TF provides technical ,
with other countries to develop
legislative guides to aid
implementation of the UN Firearms
Protocol and OAS Firearms
Convention.
also worked
June 2005. The U. S.
for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
and the Organization of American States (OAS).
Supportive of the UN POA
The U. S. actively participated in the
Open- Ended Working Group
(OEWG) on marking and tracing
illicit SAIL Wand supported the
Instrument adopted by consensus in
firearms marking practices to the Organization
Course for international law enforcement
professionals , which provides training on
marking techniques and firearms identification.
The U. S. has provided a report on national
A TF offers a Basic Firearms Identification
S. Assistance and Programs Supportive of
the UN POA
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
measures
End-user certification;
legal and enforcement
Section II , para 12
licensing
Export and import
Section II , para
UN Programme of Action
checks can result in denial of export licenses
debarment , and criminal or civil penalties under the
AECA and ITAR. Annual Blue Lantern End- Use
Monitoring reports to the U. S. Congress can be found at
www.
mddtc. state.
OY /reference. htm#re orts. The
Golden Sentry " program , administered by the Defense
Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), performs similar
checks on military- to-military arms transfers
(htt ://www. dsca. osd. mil/). For MANPADS , the U.
conducts full annual on-site inventories of U. -origin
items exported to foreign end-users.
1990 , including 562 in 2005. Unfavorable Blue Lantern
been performed since the inception of this program in
inspections. Approximately 5 000 of these checks have
Such inquiries range from interviews to physical
used according to the terms authorized by the license.
some temporary imports , of firearms to the U. S. With
very few exceptions , firearms must be imported by an
importer licensed by A TF and each license must be
authorized. The Arms Export Control Act (AECA)
establishes procedures for both government- togovernment and commercial sales of items included on
the United States Munitions List (USML). The DOS'
Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) is
charged with controlling the export and temporary
import of defense articles covered by the USML and
with taking final action on license applications for
defense trade exports and matters related to defense
trade compliance , enforcement and reporting. By law
all importers and exporters must be registered and each
transaction licensed by DDTC and ATF.
The United States monitors arms transfers , investigates
suspicious activity, and acts quickly to curtail exports to
those recipients who do not meet the strict criteria for
responsible use. A sample U. S. end-use certificate
(DSP- 83) can be found at
htt ://www.
mdtc. or
etforms. htm.
Through the " Blue Lantern" Program , US Embassy
staff worldwide conduct end-use checks on commercial
SAlLW exports (as well as other U. -controlled
munitions) to ensure that the exported items are being
A TF has authority over the permanent importation , and
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
Through the DOS' DDTC , the United
States conducts briefings for countries and
international organizations on our "Blue
Lantern " program.
and enforcement issues.
participants on import-related regulatory
and trade shows in the United States and
abroad , providing information to
A TF also participates in industry meetings
S. experts provide briefings and
presentations to foreign government
officials , NGOs , the defense industry, and
international export control conferences
(e. g. February 2005 EU COARM
Conference , June 2005 Wassenaar
Arrangement plenary, 2006 Berlin Export
Control Seminar), on developing and
implementing effective export control
mechanisms. DOS/ISN also hosts and
supports educational visits and briefings
for export control and law enforcement
professionals from foreign countries as
part of the EXBS program.
S. export control assistance for over 48
countries under the Export Control and
Related Border Security (EXBS) Program.
The United States also provides
specialized licensing workshops and law
enforcement training, such as customs
inspection and maritime interdiction
through the EXBS Program.
and Nonproliferation (ISN) coordinates
The DOS' Bureau of International Security
Supportive of the UN POA
S. Assistance and Programs
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive
and supports
efforts in the OSCE to strengthen end-use
documentation.
strengthen end-user controls ,
Security and Nonproliferation , the United
States works in the Wassenaar Arrangement
on Export Controls for Conventional Arms
and Dual- Use Goods and Technologies to
Through the DOS' Bureau of International
Exports " emplacing standards in the OSCE
with regard to export documentation to
reduce the risk of diversion of SAIL W into
the illicit market.
and Verification Procedures for SAIL
Through the DOS' Bureau of Verification
Compliance , and Implementations (formerly
Bureau of Arms Control), the United States
took the lead in drafting the 2004 OSCE
Forum for Security Cooperation Decision on
Standard Elements of End- User Certificates
through the funding of training programs.
promoting compliance with the InterAmerican Firearms Convention (CIFT A)
Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
(INL), the United States supports the InterAmerican Drug Abuse Control Commission
(CICAD) in combating illicit arms
trafficking in the Western Hemisphere and
Through the DOS' Bureau of International
of the UN POA
violation
Enforcement of UNSC
embargoes; penalties for
Section II , para 15
brokers , legal and
enforcement tools
Regulation of arms
Re-export authority
Section II , para 14
Section II , para 13
UN Programme of Action
The U. S. also imposes unilateral sanctions on countries that
have been identified as state-sponsors of terrorism , or where
arms transfers may contribute to internal or external conflict.
A list of U. S. embargoed countries can be found at
httn:/ /nmdtc. on!!countrv. htm
The U. S. enforces UNSC embargoes and levies criminal
penalties for violations. The U. S. also supports diamond
certification to end trade in "conflict diamonds " initiated by
the Kimberly Process and supported by UN Resolutions. The
S. Agency for International Development (USAID) offers
support in the development of national diamond certification
regImes in diamond producing countries in Africa.
A list of individuals and entities debarred from obtaining arms
export or brokering licenses in the U. S. can be found at
mdtc. /debar059intro. htm
All brokers registered with the U. S. government must report
their activities (e. g. licenses sought , transactions completed
etc. ) on an annual basis.
manufacturers , importers , exporters , and
brokers of commodities covered by the USML must register
with DDTC and submit each transaction for government
licensing approval. All U. S. citizens and permanent residents
overseas or in the United States , and foreign nationals subject
to U. S. jurisdiction , are subject to the U. S. brokering law.
By law , all U. S.
ultimate end-use country.
All U. S. defense exports are subject to retransfer approval. In
the case of commercial sales , the license must indicate the
See related sections on law
enforcement and export control
training.
Currently, the United States
cooperates on export control
assistance with over 48
countries under the EXBS
program , including developing
arms brokering laws and
regulations , and enforcement
tools.
UN POA
N/A
Programs Supportive of the
S. Assistance and
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAIL W
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
://
S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive of the
supports the Group of Government
Experts on Brokering beginning in November
2006.
In December 2000 , the United States and the
Southern African Development Community
(SADC) completed the U. SADC Declaration on
UN Sanctions and Restraint in Sale and Transfers
of Conventional Arms to Regions of Conflict in
Africa.
The U. S.
was a major proponent for the OSCE'
adoption of the Principle on the Control of
Brokering in SAlLW in November 2004. The U.
participated in the OSCE/RACYIAC conference in
March 2006.
The U. S.
and eradicating illicit brokering in SAIL
also has participated in UN broad- based
consultations on further steps to enhance
international cooperation in preventing, combating
The U. S.
In June 2002 , the U. S. sponsored an OAS General
Assembly (OASGA) resolution calling for the
development of model brokering regulations and
the preparation of a study on arms brokering. The
S. participated in the April 2003 OAS/CICAD
Firearms Experts Group meeting that drafted
model brokering regulations (adopted by the
OASGA in 2003). In December 2003 , the United
States supported the Wassenaar Arrangement'
document on " Elements for Effective Legislation
on Arms Brokering.
export controls.
The United States is supportive of efforts in
Wassenaar to get states to enact or strengthen re-
UN POA
collected SAIL W
Destruction of surplus
confiscated, seized and
Section II , para 16 , 19
Section III , para 14
UN Programme of Action
accounts for destroyed SAIL W.
S. Army s Rock Island Arsenal are the main
demilitarization facility for DOD assets , though
others are used as well. Torch cutting, shearing,
crushing, deep water dumping or smelting may be
used when they are deemed more cost effective
and/or practicable and are authorized by the
appropriate authority. The DOD Defense
Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO)
SAIL W is smelting. The smelting facilities at the
DOD destroys military weapons which are no longer
useful , serviceable or economically repairable as part
of its stockpile management life-cycle program. The
most thorough method of demilitarization for
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
S. Assistance and Programs
Supportive of the UN POA
DOS Bureau of Political- Military
Affairs provides technical and
financial assistance in the destruction
of surplus and illicit stocks of SAIL
Since 2001 the U. S. has destroyed
approximately 900 000 weapons and
80 million rounds of associated
ammunition of various calibers in 25
countries , as well as over 18 600
MANPADS since 2003. New projects
are underway and/or under
negotiation.
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAIL
S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive of the
stockpiles; 2) ban MANP ADS transfers to non-state
actors; and 3) destroy surplus MANP ADS and secure
remaining stocks.
maintain strict national controls on MANP ADS
The United States also supported the 2005 OAS
resolution on " Denying MANP ADS to Terrorists
which (among other things) called upon states to: 1)
representatives to observe their destruction.
Under a mandate from the OAS Summit of the
Americas , the United States hosted an Experts
Meeting on Confidence and Security Building
Measures in February 2003 , which issued a final
declaration calling on members states to " identify
and secure excess stocks of SAIL W , as well as
seized SAIL W , and , in accordance with their national
laws and the international agreements to which they
are a party, to define programs for the destruction of
said weapons and to invite international
of Best Practices on SAIL W. "
The United States co- drafted , with Canada and the
Netherlands , a " Best Practices" Guide on SAlLW
destruction , which is part of the OSCE' s " Handbook
DOS Bureau of Verification , Compliance , and
Implementation coordinates U. S. participation in
SAIL W assistance efforts within the OSCE.
projects in Ukraine and Kazakhstan to eliminate
excess munitions , SAIL Wand MANP ADS.
NA TO/Partnership for Peace (PfP) Trust Fund
UN POA
The United States is lead nation in
disposal/destruction
surplus, safe storage
Regular review of States
stocks , identification of
Section II , para 18
stockpiles
security of national
Management and
Section II , para 17 , 29
UN Programme of Action
DOD oversees the management and security of
national military weapons stockpiles as outlined
above. In addition , annual reconciliation of all small
arms in the registry is performed.
Stockpile security measures include electronic
security systems , integration of physical security in
wartime and demobilization plans , creating and
sustaining physical security awareness , and
identifying resources and requirements to apply
adequate measures. Physical security measures
include security forces , military working dogs
physical barriers , secure locking systems , intrusion
detection systems , badging systems , etc.
mutilated or illegible serial numbers are assigned a
serial number for registry purposes. This system
allows accounting for all small arms , including those
on hand , in transit , lost , stolen , demilitarized or
shipped outside the control ofDOD.
basis. Small arms with missing, obliterated
Stockpile management is carried out through a DOD
Small Arms Serialization Program (SASP) run by the
Defense Logistic Agency (DLA). The SASP is
responsible for the control of, and accounting for
small arms ' serial numbers from initial receipt to
final disposition. All small arms are individually
registered by serial number in the DOD Central
Registry. Component units of the U. S. armed forces
maintain individual registries and provide reports on
holdings to the DOD Central Registry on a monthly
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN PO A
assessments and training related to
stockpile management and physical
security of national holdings (see
previous).
SAIL W stocks and can provide
The United States assists countries in
the destruction of excess and illicit
management briefings have recently
been provided to Bosnia and
Herzegovina , Cambodia
Nicaragua , Sao Tome and Principe
and Tajikistan. The DOS provides
technical and financial assistance to
support modest security infrastructure
improvements , often in support of
DTRA briefings. Cambodia recently
received assistance with security
upgrades.
Physical security and stockpile
and briefings on PSSM best practices.
national SAIL W holdings are stored
The Defense Threat Reduction
Agency (DTRA) provides Physical
Security and Stockpile Management
(PSSM) assessments and briefings to
interested governments. Teams of
S. experts provide on-site
assessments of facilities where
S. Assistance and Programs
Supportive of the UN POA
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive of the
N/A
Consultative Committee in Washington.
2004 and 2005 at the annual meetings of the CIFT A
stockpiles. The United States reiterated this offer in
regarding the management and security of SAIL W
In March 2003 , at the First Conference of States
Parties to the CIFT A in Bogota , the United States
offered technical assistance to interested states
S. experts have provided presentations on U.
stockpile management and physical security
practices and assistance programs to the UN , OSCE
Stability Pact , NA TO/EAPC , OAS and other
multilateral organizations.
The United States sponsored OAS Resolution 1888
encouraging member states to " secure the stockpiles
of weapons under their control."
UN POA
of
Action
of
civil
of
children
rehabilitation, and
reintegration
in armed conflict
Special needs
Section II , para 22
assistance for the same
of
storage and destruction
SAIL W; international
including collection
Support effective DDR,
Section II , para 21 , 30
34; Section III , para 16
society
encourage role
awareness programs on
illicit trade in SAIL W;
Education and public
and 41
Section II , para 20 , 40
UN Programme
of
the UN POA
N/A
N/A
The United States has long supported confidencebuilding efforts to constrain the demand for
destabilizing weapons and related technology.
S. Laws and Policies Supportive
Congo , East Timor , Guatemala , Haiti , Iraq,
Kosovo , Liberia , East Timor , Macedonia
the Philippines , Sierra Leone , Sri Lanka
and Sudan. U. S. armed forces have
regularly participated in international
efforts to collect and destroy weapons in
post-conflict environments , such as during
SFOR and KFOR operations in the
Balkans , and in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Under USAID' s Displaced Children and
Orphans Fund (DCOF), the United States
offers major support for documentation
tracing, reunification and other
psychosocial interventions on behalf of
war affected children in Angola
DR/Congo , RO/Congo , Ethiopia , Kosovo
Liberia , Rwanda , Sierra Leone , Sri Lanka
and Uganda. The International Disability
and Victims of Landmines , Civil Strife and
Warfare Assistance Act of2002 authorizes
to victims of civil
wide-ranging assistance
strife and war in foreign countries.
soldiers), the Democratic Republic of the
The United States has provided support for
Disarmament , Demobilization and
Reintegration (DDR) in Afghanistan
Angola , Burundi , Colombia (for child
programs in Montenegro.
USAID has supported public awareness
campaigns , in cooperation with local
NGOs , to encourage local disarmament
S. Assistance and Programs
of the UN POA
Supportive
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
SAIL W information exchange ,
N/A
Commission on DDR.
The United States supports UNSCR
1576 , which urges Haiti to establish
without delay, a National
SAIL W proliferation.
meets and consults regularly with
NGOs and industry in order to raise
public awareness and encourage the
role of civil society in curbing illicit
exchanges. The United States also
well as other OSCE transparency
mechanisms and information
as
of the UN POA
The United States supports and
participates in the annual OSCE
S. Global/Regional Activity
Supportive
of
Action
of
regional
regional instruments to
combat illicit trade
or strengthening
Encourage , where
appropriate , negotiation
Section II , para 25 , 26
POA implementation
and sub-regional POC on
Designation
Section II , para 24
laws and regulations
trade; transparency in
destruction and illicit
Voluntary submissions on
Section II , para 23
UN Programme
Bureau of Political- Military Affairs
Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement
PM/WRA , SA- 3 Room 6100
2121 Virginia Ave , N.
Washington , D. C. 20520
Mail: PicoSLCfYstate. gov
Telephone: 202- 663-0100
N/A
S. Department of State
For the United States:
Ms. Stephanie Pico
Policy Officer (SAIL W)
S. laws and regulations on import , export
manufacture , brokering and marking of SA/L Ware
available on the Internet (www. mdtc.
www. atf. treas. ov).
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
Supportive
the UN PO A
Through the EXBS Program , the United
States works to improve export/border
controls to detect and interdict illicit
transfers of controlled items.
Through training at the International Law
Enforcement Academies (ILEAs) in
Bangkok , Budapest , and Gaborone , the
S. assists countries to improve their
institutional capacity to deter weapons
trafficking through more effective
enforcement mechanisms.
N/A
N/A
of
S. Assistance and Programs
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
S. Global/Regional Activity
CIFT A Consultative Group meetings.
In June 2005 , the United States
sponsored OAS General Assembly
Resolution AG/RES 2108 (XXXV0/05) calling on OAS states to
implement the UNPOA. The U.
also participates actively in OAS
Hemispheric Security as well as
completed the U.
SADC
Declaration on UN Sanctions and
Restraint in Sale and Transfer of
Conventional Arms to Regions of
Conflict in Africa.
regional initiatives. In December
2000 , the United States and SADC
The United States supports CIFT A
the ECOW AS Moratorium , and other
The United States has provided
information on U. S. laws and
regulations regarding import , export
and manufacture of SAIL W , as well
as information on the destruction of
excess SAIL W to the UN , OSCE
other international and regional
organizations , and NGOs. A list of
S. debarred (prohibited from
obtaining export licenses) individuals
and entities is available at
http://pmdtc. org/debar059. htm.
N/A
Supportive of the UN POA
DDR for peace
operations
Encourage UNSC , where
applicable , to include
Section II , para 35
implementing the POA
reports to UN DDA on
progress on
Provide voluntary
Section II , para 33
transparency
Encourage regional
Section II , para 31
laws by region
implementing existing
sharing and
cooperation; information
Law enforcement
Section II , para 27 , 28
UN Frogramme of Action
N/A
significant role in customs and border security
related law enforcement assistance , training and
national assistance. U. S. Regional Legal Advisors
(RLAs) work with foreign prosecutors , legislators
and judges to improve criminal legislation , codes and
regulations.
N/A
N/A
The United States provides voluntary reports to UN
DDA per UNGA resolution 56/24V.
N/A
N/A
Africa and Asia.
representatives at U. S. embassies overseas playa
The U. S. Department of Homeland Security
Immigration and Custom Enforcement (ICE)
(OPDA T) provide law enforcement
Overseas Prosecutorial Development
Program (ICIT AP) and the Office
Criminal Investigative Training Assistance
extensive. In addition to DOJ , Customs
and A TF training, the International
Law enforcement and police training
programs offered by the United States are
S. Assistance and Programs
Supportive of the UN POA
training and technical assistance to
countries of Eastern and Central Europe
former Soviet Union , Latin America
Canada facilitate information sharing, technical
assistance , and training with host government law
enforcement agencies and maintains a representative
at Interpol headquarters in Lyon , France. U.
federal law enforcement agencies regularly cooperate
with foreign law enforcement and judicial authorities
on transnational criminal investigations.
A TF Country Offices in Mexico , Colombia , and
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAILW
S. Global/Regional Activity
Haiti.
The United States supported and
joined consensus on Guinea s March
2003 UNSC Presidential Statement
recognizing the Importance of DDR
activities in post-conflict situations
and UNSCR 1576 urging DDR in
The United States supports
transparency instruments such as the
UN Register of Conventional Arms
its group of Governmental Experts
OSCE SA/L W information
exchange , the Wassenaar
Arrangement and efforts undertaken
within the OAS.
N/A
, OSCE and OAS.
DOS , DOD and A TF provide
technical , legal and programmatic
advice on currently accepted U.
best practices and cooperate with
multilateral organizations such as the
Supportive of the UN POA
The United States cooperates
extensively with foreIgn law
enforcement agencies as well as with
Interpol and the World Customs
Organization (WCO). The United
States supports CICAD in
strengthening controls over illicit
arms trafficking in the OAS region.
of
Action
Interpol and WCO to
identify and prosecute
illicit traffickers
Cooperation with
Section II , para 37
trace illicit SAIL
states to identify and
Strengthen the ability
Section II , para 36
UN Programme
of
the UN POA
DHS/ICE has law enforcement officers stationed
abroad who cooperate with host government
authorities and Interpol. The FBI has a similar
arrangement , as do U. S. Customs authorities. A TF
attaches stationed in Canada , Mexico , and Colombia
provide technical and liaison assistance in firearms
trafficking efforts.
been used in crimes.
worldwide to trace U. -origin firearms that have
A TF' s NTC assists law enforcement agencies
S. Laws and Policies Supportive
of
member states Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra
Leone to identify illicit trafficking of
SAIL W. In 2003 firearms identification
courses were taught in Jamaica and
ballistics courses in Mexico.
N/A
and A TF program to assist the ECOW AS
In 2001 INL funded a joint U. S. Customs
be invited include Benin , Togo, Niger
Ghana and possibly (from non- ECOW AS
member states) Chad and Cameroon.
ECOW AS countries. Possible countries to
INL implemented three iterations of a
to identify illicit small
course designed
arms trafficking and strengthen
interdiction skills. The first three courses
were Nigerian-only participants; a planned
fourth and final course will include law
enforcement personnel from neighboring
presenting this course again in FY 2006.
Supportive
the UN POA
Through ILEAs and bilateral training
courses , assistance is regularly offered on
classification , ballistics , and tracing of
seized weapons. ILEA Gaborone again
presented a one-week Small Arms
Trafficking course in August 2005.
Participating states include Botswana
Kenya , South Africa , Tanzania , Nigeria
and Uganda. ILEA Gaborone anticipates
S. Assistance and Programs
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
the UN POA
Agent assigned to Interpol
headquarters in Lyon , France.
investigations. A TF has a Special
The United States cooperates
extensively and shares information
with Interpol and the World Customs
Organization (WCO), including in
international arms trafficking
The United States actively
participated in the Open- Ended
Working Group (OEWG) on marking
and tracing illicit SA/L W , and
supports the Instrument adopted by
consensus in June , 2005.
of
S. Global/Regional Activity
Supportive
implementing POA
assistance in
coo rdina tion/ cooperation
technical and financial
Promote international
Section III , para 1-
brokering and work to
combat the same
understanding on illicit
Develop common
Section II , para 39
and global crime
instruments on terror
international legal
Development of matrix of U. S.
and international measures.
Brokering.
See throughout this matrix. The
United States strongly advocates for
coordination and cooperation to
most effectively utilize donor
resources available to implement the
POA. The U. S. also intends to fund
a UNIDIR study on SA/LW-related
assistance in 2006.
the area.
In June 2004 , OAS AG/RES. 1997
which was drafted by the United
States , urges OAS member states to
adopt brokering regulations based
on the CICAD model regulations in
In June 2003 , DOS/DDTC
compiled a report to Congress on
the activities of registered arms
brokers - the Report on Arms
The EXBS program provides
assistance in developing effective
arms brokering laws and
regulations, and enforcement
mechanisms.
Instruments against terrOrIsm.
The United States has a brokering
law and regulations in effect and
encourages the adoption of
effective brokering laws and
regulations by other states.
international terrorism.
The United States has provided
support and funding assistance
through the UN Office on Drugs
and Crime to promote the
ratification and implementation of
the UN Convention against
Transnational Organized Crime and
its supplemental protocols , as well
as the UN Convention against
Corruption , and the universal legal
The United States has put into
effect Executive Orders against
those linked to terrorist activities
enacted the USA PATRIOT Act
and created a Foreign Terrorist
Tracking Task Force and many
other initiatives to fight
Section II , para 38
Encourage states to ratify
S. Assistance and Programs
Supportive of the UN POA
S. Laws and Policies
Supportive of the UN POA
UN Programme of Action
The U. S.
also participated in both the "UN Regional
Symposium on the Implementation, by the Arab States , of the
Programme of Action to Prevent , Combat and Eradicate the
Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its
Aspects " in Algiers , April 11- , 2005 , and the UN regional
workshop on SAlLW in Beijing, April 19- , 2005.
brokering in SAIL W.
(adopted by the GAOAS in
The United States also
2004).
supported the 2003 Wassenaar agreement on Elements for
Effective Legislation on Brokering.
The U. S. also has participated in UN broad- based
consultations on further steps to enhance international
cooperation in preventing, combating and eradicating illicit
Group meeting that drafted model brokering regulations
While the U. S. has yet to ratify either the UN Firearms
Protocol or the OAS Firearms Convention , it is in substantial
compliance with both instruments as well as with the recently
negotiated UN Marking and Tracing instrument.
The U. S. supports the Group of Government Experts on
2006.
In June 2002 , the
Brokering beginnIng in November
United States sponsored an Organization of American States
(OAS) General Assembly resolution calling for the
development of model brokering regulations and the
preparation of a study on arms brokering. The United States
participated in the April 2003 OAS/CICAD Firearms Experts
CrIme.
The United States strongly supports UNSC 1373 (2001). The
United States has ratified the UN Convention Against
Transnational Organized Crime , as well as its supplemental
protocols on trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling, and
has signed the UN Convention against Corruption , the UN
Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
the UN Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings
and the Inter- American Convention Against Terrorism. The
United States also supports the Egmont Group (financial
OAU ASEAN , EU , APEC , OAS , OSCE
intelligence sharing),
and other multilateral initiatives against terror and global
S. Global/Regional Activity Supportive of the UN POA
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAILW
trade in SAIL
Mutual legal assistance in
investigations of illicit
Section III , para 13
Develop technologies
cooperate on tracing
illicit weapons
International Weapons
and Explosives Tracking
System (IWETS)
database
Section III , para 10 , 11
Support for Interpol
Section III , para 9
management and security
for training in stockpile
Regional and
international programs
Section III , para 8
among experts
Information exchange
Section III , para 7
UN Programme of Action
Under Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs),
the United States cooperates bilaterally as well as
with Interpol in investigations.
DOS , DOD and U. S. Customs authorities exchange
information and work to increase international
cooperation in controlling the export of U. -origin
munitions. A TF provides technical advice and legal
assistance in implementing integrated ballistic
Imaging systems , and national and regional tracing
centers.
N/A
N/A
N/A
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
S. Global/Regional Activity
organized CrIme.
international trafficking cases involving
-source firearms , including those
relating to drug trafficking, terrorism and
A TF provides investigative assistance on
2004 , over 150 000 such traces were
conducted on behalf of foreign
governments. Segments of the core course
program as well as specialized courses
provide training in the identification and
tracing of illegal weapons.
Between January 1994 and December
The NTC assists countries in tracing U.
origin arms used in criminal activities.
N/A
Within the G- 8 Counter- Terrorism
Experts Group and the Lyon Group,
the United States has sought to
advance cooperation in illicit arms
tracing among G- 8 countries.
SAIL W.
The U. S. is also working with
Interpol in the development of a
Web- based tracing mechanism for
also supported development
of the OSCE best practices guide on
stockpile management.
The United States shares information
on a bilateral basis with Interpol.
The U. S.
Physical Security and Stockpile
Management procedures , practices and
infrastructure.
The United States , through INL , has
contributed $125 000 to the development
of the Interpol IWETS database. A TF has
provided technical assistance in expanding
the use oflWETS to fight weapons and
explosives trafficking.
The United States has participated in
the workshops organized by the
OSCE on stockpile management.
VarIous. They include expert
groups , meetings , conferences
bilateral , NGO meetings , regional
seminars , experts studies , etc.
Supportive of the UN POA
Reference previous comment on Section
, para 17 29. The United States
currently offers a program to assist
governments interested in Improving
Various. See throughout this matrix.
Supportive of the UN POA
S. Assistance and Programs
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAIL W
combat illicit brokering
tracing; further steps to
Review conference by
2006; biennial meetings
on implementation of
POA; UN study on
Section IV , para 1
SAIL W proliferation
concerns as they relate to
Address development
Section III , para 17
As the lead U. S. agency providing
development assistance overseas , USAID
works closely with host governments and
local communities to identify priorities for
assistance programs.
N/A
destruction with DDR programs where appropriate
(e. , Angola , Afghanistan and Liberia). USAID
programs also seek to address links between
development and SAIL W proliferation.
N/A
The United States has stepped up bilateral
information exchanges through law
enforcement and intelligence channels.
The United States seeks to improve
international sanctions , anti-money
laundering coordination , as well as other
initiatives in the fight against terrorism.
Administration (DEA) and other law
enforcement agencies provide training and
support to drug-producing and transiting
countries worldwide.
are extensive. The Drug Enforcement
S. Assistance and Programs
Supportive of the UN POA
S. counter-narcotics and counterterrorism training and assistance programs
The United States is working to integrate SAIL W
international trafficking cases involving U. S. source
firearms , including those relating to drug trafficking,
terrorism and organized crime.
Assistance to combat
illicit trade related to
drugs , crime and terror
A TF provides investigative assistance on
S. Laws and Policies Supportive of the UN POA
Section III , para 15
UN Programme of Action
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAIL W
S. Global/Regional Activity
supports the UN Group of
Government Experts on Brokering
beginning in November 2006.
The U. S.
The United States has actively
participated in all UN meetings
related to preventing, combating, and
eradicating illicit brokering in
SAIL W. The United States has
supported meetings leading up to the
2006 Review Conference. The U.
participated in the OSCE/RACYIAC
conference in March 2006.
N/A
Supportive of the UN POA
As a complement to bilateral efforts
the United States provides support
and funding to the UN Office on
Drugs and Crime (UNODC) for
counter-narcotics and anti-crime
training and assistance. As the
prImary drug control and anti-crime
agency within the UN system , the
United States works with and
through the organization to build
multilateral support to strengthen
counter-narcotics and anti-crime
efforts.
RLA
SASP
DOJ
DOS
DTRA
EXBS
FBI
FSC
GCA
IADB
ICE
ILEA
INL
INS
ISN
ITAR
LOGSA
MANPADS
OAS
OASGA
OSCE
DaD
DDTC
DEA
DHS
CIFT A
ATF
CICAD
CICTE
Acronvms
AECA
Small Arms Serialization Program (DOD)
Regional Legal Advisors
Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (DOS)
International Traffic in Arms Regulations
Logistical Support Agency (U. S. Army)
Man- Portable Air Defense Systems
Organization of American States
Organization of American States General Assembly
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
Bureau of Political- Military Affairs (DOS)
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Department of Defense
Department of Justice
Department of State
Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DOD)
Export Control and Related Border Security
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Forum for Security Cooperation (OSCE)
Gun Control Act of 1968
Inter- American Defense Board
Immigration and Customs Enforcement (DHS)
International Law Enforcement Academy
Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (DOS)
Department of Homeland Security
Arms Export Control Act
of Alcohol , Tobacco , Firearms and Explosives (DOJ)
Inter- American Drug Control Commission
Inter- American Committee Against Terrorism
Inter- American Convention Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms , Ammunition , Explosives
and Other Related Materials
Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DOS)
Drug Enforcement Agency
. Bureau
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW
United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs
United Nations General Assembly
United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent , Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light
Weapons in All Its Aspects
S. Agency for International Development
S. Munitions List
Wodd Customs Organization
http://www. atf.gov/firearms/index. htm
S. Bureau of Alcohol , Tobacco , Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
The EXBS Program: Export Control and Related Border Security
hap:/ /www. state. gov/t/isn!export/ecc/20779 . htm
Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL)
http://www. state. gov/g/ini/
Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC)
http://www. pmdtc. org
Bureau of Political- Military Affairs (PM)
Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement (WRA)
hap:l/www. state. gov /t/pm/wra/
s. Department of State
s. SAIL W online resources:
USAID
USML
WCO
UN DDA
UNGA
UN POA
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAILW
Defense Threat Reduction Agency SAIL W Physical Security and Stockpile Management (PSSM) Assistance Program
http://www. dtra. mil/Toolbox/Directorates/OSIIPro grams/ smarms/index. cfm
United States Department of Defense
Physical Security of Sensitive Conventional Arms , Ammunition and Explosives
http://www. dtic. mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/51 0076m 0800/p510076m. pdf
Anti - Corruption Resource Center
http://www. usaid. gov / democracy/anticorruption/index. html
OTIISierra Leone - Conflict Diamonds
http://www. usaid. gov/hum response/oti/country/sleone/confdiam. html
OTI Special Focus Areas: Overview
http://www. usaid. gov/hum response/oti/focus/focus1. html
Office of Transition Initiatives
http://www. usaid. gov/hum response/ oti/
S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
S. SUPPORT FOR THE UN PROGRAM OF ACTION ON SAlLW