QUESTION I.
A. Briefly, define the following terms:
1.
Geothermal Energy
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2.
Half life
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3.
Isotopes
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B. Mention two mechanisms of heat transfer in the earth
1.
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2.
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C. State the main scope of geothermal exploration.
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MASTER
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QUESTION II.
A)
State three outcomes (results) of a geophysical investigation applied for
geothermal exploration purposes:
1. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
B)
Mineralization is often considered a direct indicator of hydrothermal systems. Mention
three mineral deposits which should be mapped in geothermal exploration.
1. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
C)
Mention two sources for the origin of the geothermal energy.
1. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
MASTER
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QUESTION III Answer the following by filling False or True in the brackets:
1. Beta particles are widely used in radiometric prospecting surveys.
(
)
2. Geothermal energy is practically considered a non-renewable energy source.
(
)
3. Contact resistance is a major problem in measuring the thermal conductivity.
( )
4. Gamma rays have lower energy than X-rays.
(
)
5. Interpretation of temperature gradient (TG) drilling provides an estimate of the geothermal
reservoir temperature.
( )
6. Seismic reflection method is widely used in geothermal exploration because of its low cost.
( )
7. The resistivity method is applied in geothermal exploration for mapping a hydrothermally
altered clays which have a very high resistivity values.
( )
8. Low concentrations of CO2 in soil samples is an indicator on the presence of a geothermal
system.
( )
9. Becquerel (Bq) is a unit of measurement of heat flow.
(
)
10. To develop a comprehensive model of the geothermal source, both regional and local
structures should be determined.
( )
11. Geophysical anomalies associated with geothermal energy are a result of the contrast
between rocks and fluids inside the reservoir and those outside it.
( )
12. Felsic volcanism is associated with heat sources from deep magma chambers.
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(
)
QUESTION IV Circle the letter corresponding to the best answer:
1. The apparatus in the figure below is called (i)____and it is used for measuring (ii) ____.
A. (i) thermocouples;
B. (i) Wheatstone bridge;
C. (i) thermocouples;
D. (i) Wheatstone bridge;
(ii) sample hardness
(ii) sample hardness
(ii) thermal conductivity
(ii) thermal gradient
2. The tritium isotope of Hydrogen has:
A. One proton and no neutrons
B. One proton and one neutrons
C. Two neutrons and one proton
D. One proton and two neutrons
3. The physical property measured by the gravity method is (i)____ which is interpreted to
obtain information about the (ii)_________.
A. (i) resistivity.
(ii) reservoir temperature.
B. (i) density;
(ii) geological structures
C. (i) velocity;
(ii) heat flow
D. (i) density;
(ii) emitted heat
4. The selection of the most adequate geophysical technique to be used in geothermal
exploration is influenced by:
A. Type of hydrothermal system.
B. Hydrological characteristics of the area
C. Both “A” and “B”
D. None of the above
5. In the radioactive actinium series, 90Th231 disintegrate by emitting beta particle and gamma
radiation. The new product of this disintegration is:
215
A. 84Po
227
B. 89Ac
231
C. 91Pa
212
D. 83Bi
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6. During radioactive decay, which of the following represents an emission of energy in the
form of parcels of electromagnetic radiation:
A. Beta
B. Alpha
C. Gamma
D. All of the above.
7. The unit of measurement of the thermal gradient “dT/dz” is:
2
A. μcal/cm
ₒ
B. C /cm
C. kcal
D. mcal/cm.sec
8. Which of the following rock type has the strongest radioactivity:
A. Phosphates
B. Coal
C. Gneiss
D. Dolomite
MASTER
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