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Semester One review and exam
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which scientist developed the model of the atom shown?
a. Bohr
c. Chadwick
b. Thomson
d. Rutherford
2. In the nuclear equation given below, what is the mass number of the alpha particle?
a. 0
c. 238
b. 4
d. 234
3. What is the change of state in which a solid becomes a liquid?
a. sublimation
b. liquefaction
c. condensation
d. melting
4. Which scientist described an atom made of a solid positively charged substance with electrons dispersed
throughout it?
a. Thomson
b. Rutherford
c. Chadwick
d. Bohr
5. Which one is comprised of the other three?
a. electron
b. atom
c. neutron
d. proton
6. Which is the correct measurement for the location marked by the arrow?
a. 51.8
c. 52
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b. 51
d. 50.2
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7. Which is the correct symbol for this atom?
a.
b.
c.
d.
8. What is the mass number of the atom shown?
a. 19
b. 20
c. 9
d. 21
9. Which element does this atom represent?
a. neon
b. potassium
c. sodium
d. fluorine
10. Which precaution should you take when you see this safety symbol?
a. Wear heat-protective gloves
b. Do not perform experiment in a warm room
c. When heating a test tube, point it away from yourself and others
d. Do not use open flames while working with flammable materials
11. Which one(s) have a mass of 1 amu?
a. electron and proton
b. electron
c. proton and neutron
d. proton
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12. In 1989, global use of CFCs began to dramatically decline. What was the immediate effect of this on CFC
concentration in the atmosphere over Antarctica?
a. It continued to increase.
b. It cannot be determined from the graph.
c. It remained constant.
d. It suddenly began decreasing.
13. The law of ____ states that a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by
mass.
a. conservation of mass
b. conservation of energy
c. definite proportions
d. multiple proportions
14. The box for an element from the periodic table is shown. Which is the atomic mass?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
15. The box for an element from the periodic table is shown. Which is the atomic number?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
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16. The graph represents the sales data for a particular product. In which week were 8 units sold?
a. 6th week
b. 9th week
c. 3rd week
d. 4th week
17. Look at the three solid blocks, made of the same material and with the exact same dimensions. Which block
has the greatest mass?
Block A
a. Block A
c. Block C
Block B
Block C
b. Block B
d. They all have the same mass
18. Which is the state of matter that has an indefinite shape and indefinite volume?
a. gas
b. solid
c. plasma
d. liquid
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19. Which precaution should you take when you see this safety symbol?
a. wear heat- and cold-resistant gloves
b. do not touch toxic substances
c. do not touch sharp objects
d. wash your hands after the lab
20. The product of 2 × 104 cm and 4 × 10–12 cm, expressed in scientific notation is ____.
a. 8 × 10–8 cm
b. 8 × 10–7 cm
c. 6 × 10–8 cm
d. 8 × 10–48 cm
21. According to the modern concept of the atom, which are located in the nucleus of an atom?
a. protons and neutrons
b. neutrons and electrons
c. protons only
d. electrons and protons
22. Which term describes the amount of mass contained per unit volume?
a. length
b. density
c. mass
d. temperature
23. Which is the number of protons in
a. 56
c. 26
?
b. 30
d. 82
24. What is the distance that light travels through a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second?
a. centimeter
b. nanometer
c. meter
d. kilometer
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25. Millikan’s apparatus, illustrated below, was used to determine the amount of charge on an electron. In it,
Millikan was able to control the motion of _____.
a. water droplets.
c. individual protons
b. individual electrons.
d. oil droplets.
26. Which is the number of neutrons in
a. 115
c. 80
?
b. 35
d. 45
27. Which is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
a. fresh-squeezed orange juice
b. clean air
c. sand
d. vegetable soup
28. Which is a chemical property of copper?
a. reacts in air to form a green layer
b. is a solid at room temperature
c. has a boiling point of 2567 °C
d. has the symbol Cu
29. Which is the state of matter shown in this figure?
a. liquid
c. gas
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b. solid
d. plasma
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30. Which is the term used for the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance?
a. density
b. temperature
c. mass
d. length
31. Which of the following about chlorofluorocarbons is true?
a. It is unstable.
b. It is naturally occurring.
c. It is toxic.
d. It is made by humans.
32. Which is an extensive physical property?
a. boiling point
b. density
c. color
d. length
33. Which kind of graph would be best to use with these data?
Amount of Salt
0g
2g
5g
added
Boiling
99.7
101.2
102.4
temperature, °C
a. Bar graph
b. Circle graph
c. Line graph
d. None of the above
10 g
15 g
106.9
108.3
Gas Samples
Sample
Volume of Nitrogen (L)
Volume of Oxygen (L)
1
2.00
3.02
2
1.01
1.99
3
1.98
4.99
4
1.98
1.02
34. Samples of gases containing nitrogen and oxygen were decomposed by electricity and the volume of each gas
produced was measured. Based on these results, which is the correct chemical formula for Sample 4?
a. N2O3
b. N2O
c. NO2
d. NO
35. Samples of gases containing nitrogen and oxygen were decomposed by electricity and the volume of each gas
produced was measured. Based on these results, which is the correct chemical formula for Sample 2?
a. N2O
b. NO2
c. NO
d. N2O3
36. Which is the part of the experiment that is the measurable outcome?
a. control
b. dependent variable
c. conclusion
d. independent variable
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A student conducts an experiment to determine the effect of adding salt on the boiling temperature of water.
The results are shown below.
Sample
Amount of Salt
Boiling Temperature
Sample 1
0g
100.0° C
Sample 2
2g
102.3° C
Sample 3
5g
104.8° C
Sample 4
10 g
107.5° C
37. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?
a. Boiling temperature
b. Volume of water
c. Amount of salt added
d. Time required for water to boil
38. Which is the control in this experiment?
a. Sample 1
b. Sample 2
c. Sample 3
d. Sample 4
39. Which is a reasonable hypothesis for this experiment?
a. Salt makes water boil
b. If salt is added to water, the water will get cloudy
c. If salt is added to water, the water will boil at a higher temperature
d. If water is boiling, it must have salt added to it
40. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?
a. Amount of salt added
b. Time required for water to boil
c. Boiling temperature
d. Volume of water
41. Which is a value that should remain constant for all samples in this experiment?
a. Boiling temperature
b. Time required for water to boil
c. Volume of water
d. Amount of salt added
42. The accepted value for a quantity is 5.67 g. If the measured value is 5.89 g, what is the percent error?
a. 3.88%
b. 3.74%
c. 3.74%
d. 1.04%
ABC
43. How many different elements are represented in the figures?
a. 6
b. 2
c. 12
d. 3
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44. Which describes the composition of matter shown in figure C?
a. compound
b. phase
c. element
d. mixture
45. Which describes the composition of matter shown in figure B?
a. phase
b. mixture
c. element
d. compound
46. Which scientist described a positively charged core (“nucleus”) in the middle of a lot of empty space?
a. Thomson
b. Bohr
c. Chadwick
d. Rutherford
47. The accepted value for the density of iron is 7.87 g/cm3. A student records the mass of a 20.00 cm3 block of
iron as 153.8 grams. What is the percent error for the density measurement?
a. 2.29%
b. 7.69%
c. 19.4%
d. 2.34%
48. Which is the state of matter shown in this figure?
a. gas
c. liquid
b. plasma
d. solid
49. Which kind of graph would be best to use with these data?
M&M’s™ in a bag
Color
Orange
Brown
Yellow
Green
Percent
20
13
14
16
a. Line graph
b. Circle graph
c. Bar graph
d. None of the above
Blue
24
Red
13
50. J. J. Thomson’s plum pudding model of the atom addressed the issue of why _____.
a. electrons stay together in atoms.
b. atoms are neutral.
c. electrons are electrically charged.
d. atoms bond with each other.
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51. Which type of nuclear decay releases the type of particle shown?
a. beta
c. gamma
b. proton
d. alpha
52. How many paperclips laid end-to-end would have a length of one meter?
a. about 585
c. about 6
b. about 170
d. about 17
53. An object has a mass of 26.94 grams and a volume of 2.568 cubic centimeters. What material is it likely to be
made of?
Substance
iron
gold
silver
copper
19.32
10.49
8.92
Density (g/cm3) 7.874
a. Iron
c. Gold
b. Copper
d. Silver
54. Which is an intensive physical property?
a. mass
b. color
c. length
d. volume
55. Which is the correct measurement for the location marked by the arrow?
a. 17.8
c. 17.7
b. 17.076
d. 17.76
56. Which is NOT a harmful result of UVB exposure?
a. Skin cancer can result
b. Ozone is created
c. Crop yields are decreased
d. Cataracts may form
57. Which is the state of matter that has an indefinite shape and definite volume?
a. plasma
b. gas
c. solid
d. liquid
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58. A 25.0-gram sample of magnesium oxide contains 10.8 grams of magnesium. What is the percent of oxygen
by mass in this compound?
a. 56.8 %
b. 43.2 %
c. 89.2 %
d. 14.2 %
59. Which is the value associated with the prefix nano-?
a. one-millionth
b. one-billionth
c. billion
d. one-thousandth
60. Which is the correct symbol for the atom with 42 protons and 49 neutrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
61. What is the change of state in which a gas becomes a liquid?
a. condensation
b. freezing
c. melting
d. sublimation
62. Calculate the slope of the line in the graph.
a. 4
c. 1
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b. 0
d. 3
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63. Which scientist developed the model of the atom shown?
a. Chadwick
c. Bohr
b. Rutherford
d. Thomson
64. Which is the state of matter shown in this figure?
a. solid
c. gas
b. plasma
d. liquid
Atoms
Atom
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Sodium
12
Chlorine
17
17
65. How many electrons are in an neutral atom of sodium?
a. 12
b. 11
c. 23
d. 22
Mass Number
23
35
66. Which is the correct measurement for the location marked by the arrow?
a. 30.5
c. 30.046
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b. 34.5
d. 30.45
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67. How many significant digits are in the value 0.0050340?
a. 8
b. 3
c. 7
d. 5
68. How many individual atoms make up one unit of aluminum chloride, AlCl3?
a. 3
c. 1
b. 2
d. 4
69. On the Kelvin temperature scale, which value approximately represents the freezing point of water?
a. 32
c. 0
b. 273
d. 100
70. Which describes what happens when you fly 10 km above the Earth’s surface?
a. mass decreases, weight increases
b. mass remains constant, weight decreases
c. mass decreases, weight decreases
d. mass decreases, weight remains constant
71. Which is the separation technique that relies on the different boiling points of the parts of the mixture?
a. filtration
b. distillation
c. chromatography
d. crystallization
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72. Which is NOT an appropriate unit for measuring density?
a. kg/L
b. g/cm
c. g/ml
d. g/L
73. Which is the sum of these values, to the appropriate number of significant digits?
17.358 + 3.502 + 20.14 =
a. 41.000
b. 41.0
c. 41
d. 41.00
74. Which of the following quantities is INCORRECTLY matched with its SI base unit?
a. Mass / kilogram
c. Electric current / ampere
b. Temperature / oC
d. Time / second
75. Which is NOT a chemical change?
a. a piece of wood is burned
b. a bar of iron rusts
c. an egg is cooked
d. ingredients for a cake are stirred together
76. The law of conservation of mass states that during a chemical reaction, total mass is ____.
a. conserved
b. utilized
c. created
d. destroyed
Atoms
Atom
Protons
Neutrons
1
8
10
2
10
9
3
9
9
4
8
11
77. Which two have the same mass?
a. Atoms 2 & 4
b. Atoms 1 & 4
c. Atoms 2 & 3
d. Atoms 1 & 2
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Electrons
8
10
9
8
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78. Which of the following substances is NOT an alloy?
a. Brass
b. Tin
c. Bronze
d. Stainless steel
79. Which is the correct conversion for a temperature of 67.3°C?
a. 19.6° F
b. -205.7 K
c. 121.1° F
d. 153.1° F
80. Earth attracts all objects to its surface. This statement is a(n) ____.
a. theory
b. scientific law
c. observation
d. hypothesis
81. A student recorded the temperature of a solution every 30 s for 3 min while the solution was being heated.
Without drawing an actual graph, indicate which of the following describes a traditional graph of the given
data?
a. a straight line rising from left to right
b. a straight vertical line
c. a straight line rising from right to left
d. a straight horizontal line
82. Which of the following substances is an element?
a. Baking soda
b. Salt
c. Sugar
d. Iron
83. Which of the following appliances increase CFCs in the atmosphere?
a. Microwave ovens
b. Refrigerators
c. Washing machines
d. Televisions
84. Which is the correct value for the prefix deci-?
a. one-thousandth
b. one-tenth
c. ten
d. hundred
85. Which is the part of the experiment that the researcher manipulates?
a. constants
b. control
c. dependent variable
d. independent variable
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86. The accepted value is 29.35. Which correctly describes this student’s experimental data?
Trial
Measurement
1
29.48
2
28.97
3
29.27
a. accurate but not precise
b. precise but not accurate
c. both accurate and precise
d. neither accurate nor precise
87. The accepted value is 1.43. Which correctly describes this student’s experimental data?
Trial
Measurement
1
1.29
2
1.93
3
0.88
a. precise but not accurate
b. accurate but not precise
c. both accurate and precise
d. neither accurate nor precise
88. A person is traveling by an airplane 10 km above ground level. What is the impact on the person’s mass and
weight compared to that at ground level?
a. Mass decreases, weight decreases
b. Mass and weight remains the same
c. Mass remains the same, weight decreases
d. Mass increases, weight decreases
89. Which element has 14 protons?
a. Aluminum
b. Silicon
c. Sulfur
d. Nitrogen
90. Which of the following properties of matter can be explained on a submicroscopic level?
a. Structure
b. All the above
c. Behavior
d. Composition
91. According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, in any chemical change
a. the masses of products and reactants have no predictable relationship
b. the mass of reactants is less than the mass of products
c. the mass of reactants is equal to the mass of products
d. the mass of reactants is greater than the mass of products
92. Which is a compound?
a. sodium
b. sea water
c. brass
d. carbon dioxide
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93. Which is true of the Earth’s atmosphere?
a. The mesosphere is the part closest to the Earth’s surface
b. Ozone is harmful to it
c. The troposphere includes the air we breathe
d. Clouds form in the stratosphere
94. Which is the type of separation technique being demonstrated in the figure?
a. filtration
c. chromatography
b. crystallization
d. distillation
95. Which scientist measured the charge on an electron as 1.602 × 10-19 Coulombs?
a. Rutherford
b. Millikan
c. Bohr
d. Democritus
96. Which is a quantitative measurement?
a. hardness
b. taste
c. color
d. temperature
97. Which is the smallest part of an element that retains all the properties of the element?
a. proton
b. atom
c. neutron
d. electron
98. Three students measured the length of a stamp, which had an accepted value of 2.71 cm. Which student’s
measurements were most precise?
a. 1
c. 2
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b. 3
d. None were precise.
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99. A chemical composition of two or more different elements joined together in fixed proportions is known as a(n)
____.
a. compound
b. homogeneous mixture
c. heterogeneous mixture
d. element
100. An industrially important element contains 26 electrons and rusts in the presence of air and moisture. Identify
the element.
a. Potassium
b. Iron
c. Aluminum
d. Sodium
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Answer Key
1. d
2. b
3. d
4. a
5. b
6. a
7. c
8. d
9. d
10. d
11. c
12. a
13. c
14. d
15. b
16. d
17. d
18. a
19. d
20. a
21. a
22. b
23. c
24. c
25. d
26. d
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27. b
28. a
29. b
30. b
31. d
32. d
33. c
34. b
35. b
36. b
37. a
38. a
39. c
40. a
41. c
42. a
43. d
44. d
45. c
46. d
47. a
48. a
49. b
50. b
51. d
52. d
53. d
54. b
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55. d
56. b
57. d
58. a
59. b
60. a
61. a
62. c
63. d
64. d
65. b
66. c
67. d
68. d
69. b
70. b
71. b
72. b
73. d
74. b
75. d
76. a
77. a
78. b
79. d
80. b
81. a
82. d
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83. b
84. b
85. d
86. c
87. d
88. c
89. b
90. b
91. c
92. d
93. c
94. a
95. b
96. d
97. b
98. c
99. a
100. b
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