Selected References and
Further Reading
Texts
Anonymous Works
A Talkyng of Þe Loue of God, ed. M. S. Westra. The
Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1950.
Ancrene Wisse: Guide for Anchoresses, ed. and trans.
B. Millett. Exeter: Exeter University Press,
2009.
Andreas and the Fates of the Apostles, ed. K. R.
Brooks. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, A Collaborative Edition,
Volume 5, MS. C., ed. K. O’Brien O’Keeffe.
Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2001.
Armes Prydein: The Prophecy of Britain, trans. R.
Bromwich, ed. I. Williams. Dublin: Dublin
Institute of Advanced Studies, 1972.
Audacht Morainn, ed. and trans. F. Kelly. Dublin:
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1976.
Beowulf. Klaeber’s Beowulf, 4th edn., ed. R. D. Fulk,
R. E. Bjork, and J. D. Niles. Toronto: Toronto
University Press, 2008.
The Blickling Homilies, ed. R. J. Kelly. London:
Continuum, 2003.
Breudwyt Ronabwy, ed. M. Richards. Cardiff:
Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, 1948.
The Buik of Alexander, ed. R. L. Ritchie. 4
vols. Graeme Scottish Text Society n.s. 12,
17, 21, 25. Edinburgh: William Blackwood,
1921–1929.
Compert Mongáin and Three Other Early Mongán
Tales: A Critical Edition with Introduction, Translation, Textual notes, Bibliography and Vocabulary,
ed. and trans. N. Maynooth White. Medieval
Irish Texts 5. Maynooth: Department of Old
and Middle Irish, NUIM, 2006.
Culhwch and Olwen: An Edition and Study of the
Oldest Arthurian Tale, ed. R. Bromwich and
D. S. Evans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press,
1992.
Cyfranc Lludd a Llefelys, ed. B. F. Roberts. Dublin:
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1975.
The Dream of the Rood, ed. M. Swanton. Exeter:
Exeter University Press, 2004.
A Companion to British Literature: Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450, First Edition.
Edited by Robert DeMaria, Jr., Heesok Chang, and Samantha Zacher.
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selected References and Further Reading
The Durham Proverbs: An Eleventh Century Collection
of Anglo-Saxon Proverbs Edited from Durham
Cathedral M.S. B. III. 32, ed. O. Arngart. Lunds
Universitets Årsskrift 52(2)(1956): 1–24.
Egil’s Saga, trans. H. Pálsson and P. Edwards. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976.
Emaré. In Six Middle English Romances, ed. M. Mills.
Everyman’s Library. London: J.M. Dent;
Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1992. (Orig. pub. 1973.)
Encomium Emmae Reginae, ed. A. Campbell, repr.
with supplementary intro. by S. Keynes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
English Wycliffite Sermons, ed. A. Hudson, and
P. Gradon. 5 vols. Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1990–1996.
Facsimile of British Museum MS. Harley 2253, ed.
N. R. Ker. Early English Text Society o.s. 255.
London: Early English Text Society, 1965.
Florys and Blancheflour. In Of Love and Chivalry:
An Anthology of Middle English Romance, ed.
J. Fellows. Everyman’s Library. London: J.M.
Dent; Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1993.
Four Wycliffite Dialogues, ed. F. Somerset. Early
English Text Society, o.s. 333. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2009.
Havelok the Dane. In Middle English Verse Romances,
ed. D. B. Sands. Exeter Medieval English Texts
and Studies. Exeter: Exeter University Press,
1986, pp. 55–129. (Orig. pub. 1966.)
King Horn. In Middle English Verse Romances, ed.
D. B. Sands. Exeter Medieval English Texts and
Studies. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1986,
pp. 17–54. (Orig. pub. 1966.)
The King of Tars: Ed. from the Auchinleck MS, Advocates 19.2.1, ed. J. Perryman. Middle English
Texts 12. Heidelberg: Winter, 1980.
The Kingis Quair and Other Prison Poems, ed. L. R.
Mooney and M.-J. Arn. TEAMS. Kalamazoo:
Medieval Institute Publications, 2005.
The Knightly Tale of Golagros and Gawane, ed. R.
Hanna and W. R. J. Barron. Scottish Text
Society, 5th series, 7. Woodbridge: Scottish Text
Society, 2008.
Kyng Alisaunder. II. Introduction, Commentary and
Glossary, ed. G. V. Smyser. Early English Text
Society o.s. 237. London: Oxford University
Press, 1957.
Lai le Freine. In Middle English Verse Romances, ed.
D. B. Sands. Exeter Medieval English Texts and
Studies. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1986,
pp. 234–245. (Orig. pub. 1966.)
419
Le Roman de Waldef, ed. A. J. Holden. ColognyGeneva: Fondation Martin Bodmer, 1984.
Liber Eliensis, ed. E. O. Blake. Camden Third
Series. London: Royal Historical Society,
1962.
The Life of Christina of Markyate, a Twelfth-Century
Recluse, ed. and trans. C. H. Talbot. Toronto:
Toronto University Press, 1997.
Lindisfarne Gospels (2013) www.bl.uk/
onlinegallery/sacredtexts/lindisfarne.html
(accessed March 19, 2013).
Llyfr Du Caerfyrddin, ed. A. O. H. Jarman. Cardiff:
Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, 1982.
Luttrell Psalter (2013) www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/
ttp/luttrell/accessible/introduction.html
(accessed March 19, 2013).
The Mabinogion, trans. S. Davies. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2007.
Mankind, ed. G. NeCastro and K. M. Ashley.
Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications,
2008.
The Mirror of Simple Souls: A Middle English Translation, ed. M. Doiron. Archivio italiano per la
storia della pietá, 5, 1968, pp. 241–255.
The Old English Boethius: An Edition of the
Old English Versions of Boethius’s “De Consola­
tione Philosophiae,” ed. M. Godden and S.
Irvine. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2009.
The Romance of Guy of Warwick: The First or
14th-Century Version, ed. J. Zupitza. Early
English Text Society E.S. 42, 49, 59. London:
Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1883, 1887,
1891.
Selections from English Wycliffite Writings, ed. A.
Hudson. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1978.
The Siege of Milan. In Three Middle English Charlemagne Romances: “The Sultan of Babylon,” “The
Siege of Milan,” and “The Tale of Ralph Collier,”
ed. A. Lupack. TEAMS Middle English Texts
Series. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1990, pp. 105–160.
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. In The Poems of the
Pearl Manuscript: “Pearl,” “Cleanness,” “Patience,”
“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,” 5th edn, ed.
M. Andrew and R. Waldron. Exeter Medieval
English Texts and Studies. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 2007.
Sir Gowther. In Six Middle English Romances, ed.
M. Mills. Everyman’s Library. London: J.M.
420
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Dent; Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1992, pp. 148–168.
(Orig. pub. 1973.)
Sir Isumbras. In Six Middle English Romances, ed.
M. Mills. Everyman’s Library. London: J.M.
Dent; Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1992, pp. 125–147.
(Orig. pub. 1973.)
Sir Orfeo. In Middle English Verse Romances, ed.
D. B. Sands. Exeter Medieval English Texts and
Studies. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1986,
pp. 185–200. (Orig. pub. 1966.)
St. Albans Psalter (2003) www.abdn.ac.uk/
stalbanspsalter/english/, ed. J. Geddes (accessed
July 8, 2013).
Tochmarc Étaíne, ed. and trans. O. Bergin and R. I.
Best. Ériu 12(1938): 137–196.
Trioedd Ynys Prydein, 2nd edn, ed. R.
Bromwich. Cardiff: University of Wales Press,
1978.
Verba Scáthaige, ed. P. L. Henry. Celtica 21(1990):
191–207.
Vercelli Homilies, ed. D. G. Scragg. Early English
Text Society o.s. 300. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
The Works of a Lollard Preacher, ed. A. Hudson.
Early English Text Society o.s. 317. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2001.
Ywain and Gawain. In Ywain and Gawain, Sir
Percyvell of Gales, The Anturs of Arther, ed. M.
Mills. Everyman’s Library. London: Dent, 1992,
pp. 161–182.
Works by Named Authors
Ælfric of Eynsham (1966) Ælfric’s Lives of Saints,
ed. W. W. Skeat. Early English Text Society o.s.
76, 82, 94, 114 (reprinted as two). London: Pub.
for the Early English Text Society, by N. Trübner
& Co.
Ælfric of Eynsham (1979) Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies, The Second Series, ed. M. Godden. Early
English Text Society s.s 5. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ælfric of Eynsham (1997) Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies, The First Series, ed. P. Clemoes. Early English
Text Society s.s 17. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Aldhelm (1919) Aldhelmi Opera, ed. R. Ehwald.
Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Auctores
Antiquissimi 15. Berlin: MGH.
Aldhelm (1985) Aldhelm: The Poetic Works, trans.
M. Lapidge and J. L. Rosier. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Ambroise (2004) Estoire de la guerre sainte, 2 vols.,
ed. M. Aisles. Woodbridge: Boydell.
Andrew of Wyntoun (1902–1914) The Original
Chronicle of Andrew of Wyntoun, ed. F. J. Amours.
Scottish Text Society 50, 53, 54, 56, 57m and
63. 6 vols. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
Asser (1983) Alfred the Great: Asser’s “Life of King
Alfred” and Other Contemporary Sources, trans.
S. Keynes and M. Lapidge. Harmondsworth:
Penguin.
Barbour, J. (2007) The Bruce, ed. A. A. M. Duncan.
Edinburgh: Canongate.
Bede (1896) Venerabilis Baedae Opera Historica, ed.
C. Plummer. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bede (1992) Ecclesiastical History of the English
People, ed. B. Colgrave and R. A. B. Mynors.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Beha ad-Din ibn Shaddad (1897) Life of Saladin,
ed. and trans. C. W. Wilson. London: Palestine
Pilgrims Text Society.
Cædmon (2005) Cædmon’s Hymn: A Multimedia
Study, Archive and Edition, ed. D. P. O’Donnell.
Includes CD-ROM. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Cassian, J. (1997) John Cassian: The Conferences,
trans. B. Ramsey, O.P. New York and Mahwah:
Paulist Press.
Charles of Orléans (1994) Fortunes Stabilnes: Charles
of Orléans’s English Book of Love. A Critical Edition,
ed. M.-J. Arn. Binghamton: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies.
Chaucer, G. (1988) The Canterbury Tales, Troilus
and Criseyde. In The Riverside Chaucer, 3rd edn,
ed. L. Benson. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chaucer, G. (2007) Dream Visions and Other Poems:
A Norton Critical Edition, ed. K. L. Lynch. New
York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Christine de Pisan (1995) Le Livre du Duc des Vrais
Amans, ed. T. S. Fenster. Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies 124. Binghamton: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies.
Clanvowe, J. (1975) The Works of John Clanvowe,
ed. V. J. Scattergood. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Selected References and Further Reading
Cynewulf (1996) Cynewulf’s “Elene,” ed. P. O. E.
Gradon. Exeter: University of Exeter Press.
Dunbar, W. (1998) The Poems of William Dunbar,
ed. P. Bawcutt. 2 vols. Glasgow: Association for
Scottish Literary Studies.
Dymmok, R. (1921) Liber contra XII errores et hereses
Lollardorum, ed. H. S. Cronin. Wyclif Society.
London: Kegan Paul.
Electronic Sawyer (2010) ed. S. Keynes et al.
www.esawyer.org.uk (accessed July 8, 2013).
Frère Laurent (2007) La Somme le roi par Frère
Laurent, ed. E. Brayer and A.-F. Leurquin-Labie.
Paris: Société des anciens textes français.
Geoffrey of Monmouth (1973) Life of Merlin. Vita
Merlini, ed. B. Clarke. Cardiff: University of
Wales Press for the Language and Literature
Committee of the Board of Celtic Studies.
Geoffrey of Monmouth (2007) Geoffrey of Monmouth: The History of the Kings of Britain: An
Edition and Translation of “De gestis Britonum”
[Historia Regum Britanniae], ed. M. D. Reeve,
trans. N. Wright. Woodbridge: Boydell.
Gerald of Wales (1862) Gemma Ecclesiastica. In
Giraldi Cambrensis opera, Vol. 2, ed. J. S. Brewer.
London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
Gerald of Wales (1937) The Autobiography of
Giraldus Cambrensis, ed. and trans. H. E. Butler.
London: Jonathan Cape.
Goscelin of Saint-Bertin (2004) Goscelin of SaintBertin: The Hagiography of the Female Saints of
Ely, ed. R. Love. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Goscelin of Saint-Bertin (2005) The Life of St
Wulfsige of Sherborne by Goscelin of SaintBertin: A New Translation with Introduction,
Appendix and Notes, ed. R. Love. In St Wulfsige
and Sherborne, Essays to Celebrate the Millennium of
the Benedictine Abbey 998–1998, ed. K. Barker,
D. A. Hinton, and A. Hunt. Bournemouth University, School of Conservation Sciences. Oxford:
Oxbow Books, pp. 98–123.
Gottfried von Strassburg (1960) Tristan: With the
Surviving Fragments of the Tristan of Thomas, trans.
A. T. Hatto. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Gower, J. (1899–1902) The Complete Works of
John Gower, ed. G. C. Macaulay. 4 vols. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
Gower, J. (1962) The Major Latin Works of John
Gower: The Voice of One Crying, and the Tripartite
Chronicle, ed. E. W. Stockton. Seattle: University
of Washington Press.
421
Gray, T. (2005) Scalacronica 1272–1363, ed. and
trans. A. King. Publications of the Surtees
Society, Vol. 209. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun (1995) The
Romance of the Rose, trans. C. Dahlberg. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Guy, Bishop of Amiens (1999) Carmen de Hastingae
Proelio of Guy, Bishop of Amiens, ed. and trans. F.
Barlow. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Higden, R. (1874) Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden,
ed. J. R. Lumby. Rolls Series, Vol. V. London:
Longmans & Co.
Hoccleve, T. (1970) Hoccleve’s Works: The Minor
Poems, ed. F. J. Furnivall and I. Gollancz, rev. J.
Mitchell and A. I. Doyle. Early English Text
Society 61, 73. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Hoccleve, T. (1999) Thomas Hoccleve: The Regiment
of Princes, ed. C. R. Blyth. Kalamazoo: Medieval
Institute Publications.
Jacobus de Voragine (1998) Jacobus de Voragine:
The Golden Legend, ed. and trans. C. Stace. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
John of Salisbury (1990) Policraticus, ed. and trans.
C. J. Nederman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Julian of Norwich (2006) The Writings of Julian of
Norwich, ed. N. Watson and J. Jenkins. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Krapp, G. P., and Dobbie, E. V. K. (eds.) (1931–
1953) Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records, Vols. 1–6. New
York: Columbia University Press.
Langland, W. (2006) Piers Plowman: A Norton Critical Edition, ed. E. Robertson and S. H. A. Shepherd, trans. T. Donaldson. New York: W.W.
Norton & Co.
Laurence of Durham (1880) Dialogi Laurentii
Dunelmensis Monachi ac Prioris, ed. J. Raine. Publications of the Surtees Society 70. Durham:
Andrews.
Lydgate, J. (1906–1935) Lydgate’s Troy Book. A.D.
1412–20, ed. H. Bergen. 4 vols. Early English
Text Society ES 97, 103, 106, 126. London:
Oxford University Press.
Malory, T. (2004) Le Morte Darthur, or, The Hoole
Book of Kyng Arthur and of His Noble Knyghtes of
the Rounde Table: Authoritative Text, Sources and
Backgrounds, Criticism, ed. S. H. A. Shepherd.
New York: Norton.
More, St. Thomas (1981) A Dialogue Concerning
Heresies. In Yale Edition of the Complete Works
422
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
of St. Thomas More, ed. T. M. C. Lawler, G.
Marc’hadour, and R. C. Marius, Vol. 6 (pts. 1
and 2). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Orderic Vitalis (1990) The Ecclesiastic History
of Orderic Vitalis: Volume II: Books III and IV,
2nd edn., ed. and trans. M. Chibnall. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
Parker Library on the Web, Stanford University
(2013) parkerweb.stanford.edu/parker/actions/
page.do?forward=home (accessed April 6, 2012).
Pseudo-Nennius (1938) Nennius’s History of the
Britons Together with the Annals of the Britons,
trans. A. W. Wade-Evans. London: S.P.C.K.
Robert of Gloucester (1887) The Metrical Chronicle
of Robert of Gloucester, ed. W. Aldis Wright. Rolls
Series, nos. 86 a and b. 2 vols. London: Printed
for H.M. Stationery Off., by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1887.
Roger of Howden (1870) Chronica, ed. W. Stubbs.
Rolls Series 51, 3. London.
Rolle, R. (1988) The English Writings, trans. and
ed. R. S. Allen. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press.
Various (1948) The Harley Lyrics: The Middle
English Lyrics of MS. Harley 2253, ed. G. L.
Brook. Manchester: Manchester University
Press.
Various (1965) The Book of Leinster, formerly Lebar
na Núachongbála, Vol. 4, ed. R. I. Best and
M. A. O’Brien. Dublin: Dublin Institute for
Advanced Studies.
Various (1987) Longer Scottish Poems Volume One:
1375–1650, ed. P. Bawcutt and F. Riddy. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.
Various (1992) The Canterbury Tales: Fifteenth-Century
Continuations and Additions, ed. J. M. Bowers.
TEAMS. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute.
Various (1993) The Piers Plowman Tradition: A
Critical Edition of Pierce the Ploughman’s Crede,
Richard the Redeless, Mum and the Sothsegger,
and the Crowned King, ed. H. Barr. London:
Everyman.
Various (2007) The N-Town Plays, ed. D. Sugano.
Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications.
Vegetius (1996) Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science,
ed. N. P. Milner. Translated Texts for Historians
16. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Wace (2004) The History of the Norman People: Wace’s
“Roman de Rou,” ed. and trans. G. S. Burgess.
Woodbridge: Boydell.
Walter of Guisborough (1957) The Chronicle of
Walter of Guisborough, ed. H. Rothwell. Camden
Series, Vol. 89. London: Offices of the Society.
William of Malmesbury (1998–1999) Gesta Regum
Anglorum. The History of the English Kings, Vol.
1., ed. R. M. Thomson and M. Winterbottom.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
William of Malmesbury (2002) William of Malmesbury: Saints’ Lives, ed. and trans. M. Winterbottom and R. M. Thomson. Oxford Medieval
Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Wulfstan (1957) The Homilies of Wulfstan, ed.
D. Bethurum. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Wulfstan (1966) Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, ed.
D. Whitelock. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts.
Wyclif, J. (1889) Tractatus de apostasia, ed. M. H.
Dziewicki. London: Wyclif Society.
Wyclif, J. (1892) De eucharistia tractatus major, ed.
J. Loserth. London: Wyclif Society.
Wyclif, J. (1985) On Universals (Tractatus de universalibus), trans. A. Kenny, intro. P. V. Spade.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Criticism and Commentary
Adams, M. M. (2010) Some Later Medieval Theories
of the Eucharist: Thomas Aquinas, Giles of Rome,
Duns Scotus, and William Ockham. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Aers, D. (1986) Medieval Literature: Criticism,
Ideology, & History. New York: St. Martin’s
Press.
Aers, D. (2000) Faith, Ethics, and Church: Writing
in England, 1360–1409. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Aers, D. (2009) Salvation and Sin: Augustine,
Langland, and Fourteenth-Century Theology. Notre
Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
Aers, D., and Staley, L. (1996) The Powers of the
Holy: Religion, Politics, and Gender in Late Medieval English Culture. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Akbari, S. C. (2002) Seeing Through the Veil: Optical
Theory and Medieval Allegory. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Selected References and Further Reading
Akbari, S. C. (2009) Idols in the East. Ithaca, NY:
Cornell University Press.
Akehurst, F. R. P., and Davis, J. M. (1995) A
Handbook of the Troubadours. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Alford, J. (ed.) (1988) A Companion to Piers
Plowman. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
Allen, R., and Roberts, J. (2013) Reading Layamon’s
“Brut”: Approaches and Explorations. Amsterdam:
Rodopi.
Amodio, M. C. (2004) Writing the Oral Tradition:
Oral Poetics and Literate Culture in Medieval
England. Notre Dame: University of Notre
Dame Press.
Amodio, M. C. (2014) The Anglo-Saxon Literature
Handbook. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
Archibald, E., and Edwards, A. S. G. (eds.)
(2000) A Companion to Malory. Rochester: D.S.
Brewer.
Arnovick, L. K. (2006) Written Reliquaries: The
Resonance of Orality in Medieval English Texts.
Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Ashe, L. (2007) Fiction and History in England,
1066–1200. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Aston, M. (1984) Lollards and Reformers: Images and
Literacy in Late Medieval Religion. London: Hambledon Press.
Baldwin, A. (2007) A Guidebook to “Piers Plowman.”
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ball, M. J., and Fife, J. (1993) The Celtic Languages.
London: New York.
Barlow, F. (2002) The Godwins: The Rise and Fall of
a Noble Dynasty. Harlow: Pearson-Longman.
Barratt, A. (ed.) (1992) Women’s Writing in Middle
English. London: Longman.
Barron, W. R. J. (1987) English Medieval Romance.
London: Longman.
Bartlett, A. C. (1995) Male Authors, Female Readers:
Representation and Subjectivity in Middle English
Devotional Literature. Ithaca, NY and London:
Cornell University Press.
Bartlett, R. (1993) The Making of Europe: Con­
quest, Colonization and Cultural Change, 950–
1350. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
Baswell, C. (1995) Virgil in Medieval England:
Figuring “The Aeneid” from the Twelfth Century
to Chaucer. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
423
Bawcutt, P. J., and Williams, J. H. (2006) A Companion to Medieval Scottish Poetry. Woodbridge:
D.S. Brewer.
Beadle, R., and Fletcher, A. J. (eds.) (2008) The
Cambridge Companion to Medieval English Theatre,
2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press. (Orig. pub. 1994.)
Beckwith, S. (2001) Signifying God: Social Relation
and Symbolic Act in the York Corpus Christi Plays.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Beechy, T. (2010) The Poetics of Old English.
Farnham: Ashgate.
Bell, D. N. (1992) The Libraries of the Cistercians,
Gilbertines and Premonstratensians. London:
British Library.
Benson, R. L., and Constable, G. (eds.) (1991)
Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century.
Repr. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Biddick, K. (1998) The Shock of Medievalism.
Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Binski, P., and Panayotova, S. (2005) The
Cambridge Illuminations: Ten Centuries of Book
Production in the Medieval West. London: Harvey
Miller.
Bitterli, D. (2009) Say What I am Called: The Old
English Riddles of the Exeter Book and the AngloLatin Riddle Tradition. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press.
Blake, N. F. (ed.) (1991) William Caxton and
English Literary Culture. London: Hambledon.
Boase, R. (1977) The Origin and Meaning of Courtly
Love. Manchester and New York: Manchester
University Press.
Bolton, W. F. (1967) A History of Anglo-Latin
Literature. Volume 1: 597–740. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press.
Bowers, J. M. (2007) Chaucer and Langland: The
Antagonistic Tradition. Notre Dame: University
of Notre Dame Press.
Bredehoft, T. A. (2005) Early English Metre.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Bredehoft, T. A. (2009) Authors, Audiences, and Old
English Verse. Toronto: University of Toronto
Press.
Brewer, C. (1996) Editing Piers Plowman: The Evolution of the Text. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brewer, E. (1992) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight:
Sources and Analogues. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Britain, D. (2007) Language in the British Isles.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
424
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Bromwich, R., Jarman, A. O. H., and Roberts,
B. F. (eds.) (1991) The Arthur of the Welsh: The
Arthurian Legend in Medieval Welsh Literature.
Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Brown, M. (2003) The Lindisfarne Gospels: Society,
Spirituality and the Scribe. London: British
Library.
Brown, M. (2009) The Black Douglases: War and
Lordship in Late Medieval Scotland 1300–1455.
Edinburgh: Birlinn (Orig. pub. 1998. Edinburgh: John Donald).
Brown, P. (1988) The Body and Society. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Brown, P. (ed.) (1999) Reading Dreams: The Interpretation of Dreams from Chaucer to Shakespeare.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Brown, W., Costambeys, M., Innes, M., and Kosto,
A. J. (eds.) (2013) Documentary Culture and the
Laity in the Early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bryan, J. (2008) Looking Inward: Devotional Reading
and the Private Self in Late Medieval England.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Budny, M. (1997) Insular, Anglo-Saxon and Early
Anglo-Norman Manuscript Art at Corpus Christi
College, Cambridge: An Illustrated Catalogue.
2 vols. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute
Publications.
Bullough, V., and Brundage, J. A. (eds.) (1982)
Sexual Practices and the Medieval Church. Buffalo,
NY: Prometheus Books.
Bullough, V., and Brundage, J. A. (eds.) (1996)
Handbook of Medieval Sexuality. New York and
London: Garland.
Burrow, J. A. (1993) Langland’s Fictions. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
Burrow, J. A. (1994) Thomas Hoccleve. Aldershot:
Variorum.
Burrow, J. A. (2008) The Poetry of Praise. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Butterfield, A. (2009) The Familiar Enemy: Chaucer,
Language, and Nation in the Hundred Years War.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bynum, C. W. (1987) Holy Feast and Holy Fast: The
Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Bynum, C. W. (1991) Fragmentation and Redemption: Essays on Gender and the Human Body in
Medieval Religion. New York: Zone Books.
Bynum, C. W. (2011) Christian Materiality. New
York: Zone.
Cadden, J. (1993) The Meanings of Sex Difference in
the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Calin, W. (1994) The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England. Toronto: University
of Toronto Press.
Cannon, C. (2004) The Grounds of English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carruthers, M. (1990) The Book of Memory: A Study
of Memory in Medieval Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cartlidge, N. (2008) Boundaries in Medieval
Romance. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Chaganti, S., and Szittya, P. R. (2012) Medieval
Poetics and Social Practice: Responding to the Work
of Penn R. Szittya. New York: Fordham University Press.
Chambers, E. K. (1903) The Medieval Stage.
London: Oxford University Press.
Chambers, R. W. (1932) On the Continuity of English
Prose from Alfred to More and His School. London:
Pub. for the Early English Text Society by
H. Milford, Oxford University Press.
Clanchy, M. T. (1993) From Memory to Written
Record: England 1066–1307, 2nd edn. Oxford:
Blackwell.
Clancy, T. O., Pittock, M., Brown, I., and Manning,
S. (eds.) (2007) The Edinburgh History of Scottish
Literature: From Columba to the Union (until
1707), Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Clarke, M. V. (1937) Fourteenth Century Studies.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Classen, A. (2002) Meeting the Foreign in the Middle
Ages. Routledge: New York.
Clopper, L. M. (2001) Drama, Play, and Game:
English Festive Culture in the Medieval and Early
Modern Period. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
Coe, J. B., and Young, S. (1995) The Celtic
Sources for the Arthurian Legend. Felinfach:
Llanerch.
Cohen, J. J. (1999) Of Giants: Sex, Monsters, and the
Middle Ages. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Cohen, J. J. (2000) The Postcolonial Middle Ages.
New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Cohen, J. J. (2007) Medieval Identity Machines.
Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Cohen, J. J., and Wheeler, B. (eds.) (1997) Becoming Male in the Middle Ages. New York: Garland.
Selected References and Further Reading
Coleman, J. (1981) Medieval Readers and Writers,
1350–1400. London: Hutchinson.
Coleman, J. (1996) Public Reading and the Reading
Public in Late Medieval England and France.
Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 26.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Coletti, T. (2004) Mary Magdalene and the Drama
of Saints: Theater, Gender, and Religion in Late
Medieval England. Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press.
Contamine, P. (1984) War in the Middle Ages, trans.
M. Jones. New York: Blackwell.
Conybeare, J. J. (1826) Illustrations of Anglo-Saxon
Poetry. London: Harding and Lepard.
Cooney, H. (2006) Writings on Love in the English
Middle Ages. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cooper, H. (2004) The English Romance in Time:
Transforming Motifs from Geoffrey of Monmouth to
the Death of Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Copeland, R. (1991) Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, and
Translation in the Middle Ages: Academic Traditions
and Vernacular Texts. Cambridge and New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Copeland, R., and Sluiter, I. (eds.) (2009) Medieval
Grammar and Rhetoric: Language Arts and Literary
Theory, ad 300–1475. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Crane, S. (1986) Insular Romance: Politics, Faith and
Culture in Anglo-Norman and Middle English Literature. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Crick, J. C. (1991) Historia Regum Britannie of
Geoffrey of Monmouth IV: Dissemination and Reception in the Later Middle Ages. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Dane, J. A. (2003) The Myth of Print Culture: Essays
on Evidence, Textuality and Bibliographical Method.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Dane, J. A. (2011) Out of Sorts: On Typography and
Print Culture. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Davidson, M. C. (2009) Medievalism, Multilin­
gualism, and Chaucer. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Davies, N. (1999) The Isles: A History. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Davies, R. R. (1987) Conquest, Co-Existence and
Change: Wales 1063–1415. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
De Hamel, C. (1992) Scribes and Illuminators.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
425
De Hamel, C. (1994) A History of Illuminated Manuscripts, 2nd edn. London: Phaidon Press.
Dean, R. J., and Boulton, M. B. M. (1999) AngloNorman Literature: A Guide to Texts and Manuscripts. Anglo-Norman Text Society, Occasional
Publications 3. London: Anglo-Norman Text
Society.
Delany, S. (1998) Impolitic Bodies: Poetry, Saints, and
Society in Fifteenth-Century England. The Work of
Osbern Bokenham. New York and Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Dickins, B., and Wilson, R. M. (eds.) (1951) Early
Middle English Texts. London: Bowes & Bowes.
Dinshaw, C. (1989) Chaucer’s Sexual Poetics.
Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Doane, A. N., and Pasternack, C. B. (eds.) (1991)
Vox Intexta: Orality and Textuality in the Middle
Ages. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Driver, M. W. (2004) The Image in Print: Book
Illustration in Late Medieval England and Its
Sources. London: British Library.
Dronke, P. (1968) Medieval Latin and the Rise of the
European Love Lyric, 2nd edn. Oxford: Clarendon
Press.
Duffy, E. (1992) The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England c.144–1580. New
Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Duffy, E. (2006) Marking the Hours: English People
and Their Prayers 1240–1570. New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press.
Dunbabin, J. (2002) Captivity and Imprisonment in
Medieval Europe, 1000–1300. Palgrave Macmillan: New York.
Duncan, T. G. (ed.) (2005) A Companion to the
Middle English Lyric. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Ebin, L. A. (1988) Illuminator, Makar, Vates: Visions
of Poetry in the Fifteenth Century. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Echard, S. (2004) A Companion to Gower. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Echard, S. (2008) Printing the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Edwards, A. S. G. (2004) A Companion to Middle
English Prose. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Eisenstein, E. (1979) The Printing Press as an Agent
of Change: Communications and Cultural Transformations in Early-Modern Europe. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Elkins, S. K. (1988) Holy Women of Twelfth-Century
England. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
426
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Ellis, S. (2000) Chaucer at Large: The Poet in the
Modern Imagination. Medieval Cultures. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota
Press.
Erler, M. C. (2002) Women, Reading, and Piety in
Late Medieval England. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Faletra, M. (2000) “Narrating the Matter of
Britain: Geoffrey of Monmouth and the Norman
Colonization of Wales.” Chaucer Review 35:
60–85.
Fanous, S., and Gillespie, V. (eds.) (2011) The
Cambridge Companion to Medieval English Mys­
ticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Fanous, S., and Leyser, H. (eds.) (2005) Christina
of Markyate: A Twelfth-Century Holy Woman.
London: Routledge.
Federico, S. (2003) New Troy: Fantasies of Empire in
the Late Middle Ages. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press.
Fein, S., and Raybin, D. (eds.) (2010) Chaucer:
Contemporary Approaches. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Field, R., Hardman, P., and Sweeney, M. (eds.)
(2010) Christianity and Romance in Medieval
England. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Finnegan, R. (1977) Oral Poetry: Its Nature, Significance and Social Context. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Fisher, J. H. (1964) John Gower: Moral Philosopher
and Friend of Chaucer. New York: New York
University Press.
Fitzgerald, C. M. (2007) The Drama of Masculinity
and Medieval English Guild Culture. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Fjalldal, M. (2005) Anglo-Saxon England in Icelandic
Medieval Texts. Toronto and Buffalo: University
of Toronto Press.
Fletcher, C. (2008) Richard II: Manhood, Youth, and
Politics, 1377–99. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Foley, J. M. (1990) Traditional Oral Epic: The
“Odyssey,” “Beowulf,” and the Serbo-Croatian
Return Song. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
Foley, J. M. (1991) Immanent Art: From Structure to
Meaning in Traditional Oral Epic. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press.
Fox, A. (2000) Oral and Literate Culture in England
1500–1700. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Fradenburg, L. O. A. (2002) Sacrifice Your Love:
Psychoanalysis, Historicism, Chaucer. Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press.
France, J. (1999) Western Warfare in the Age of the
Crusades, 1000–1300. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Frantzen, A. J. (1990) Desire for Origins: New Language, Old English, and Teaching the Tradition.
New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Frantzen, A. J., and Niles, J. D. (eds.) (1997)
Anglo-Saxonism and the Construction of Social
Identity. Gainesville: University Press of
Florida.
Franzen, C. (1991) The Tremulous Hand of Worcester:
A Study of Old English in the Thirteenth Century.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Friedman, J. B. (1970) Orpheus in the Middle
Ages. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press.
Friedman, Y. (2002) Encounter Between Enemies:
Captivity and Ransom in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Boston: Brill.
Fulk, R. D., and Cain, C. M. (2003) A History of
Old English Literature. Oxford: Blackwell.
Fulton, H. (2009) A Companion to Arthurian
Literature. Chichester and Malden: Wiley
Blackwell.
Furrow, M. (2009) Expectations of Romance: The
Reception of a Genre in Medieval England. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Galloway, A. (2011) The Cambridge Companion to
Medieval English Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ganim, J. M. (1990) Chaucerian Theatricality. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ganim, J. M. (2004) Medievalism and Orientalism:
Three Essays on Literature, Architecture, and Cultural Identity. New York: Palgrave.
Ganim, J. M., and Legassie, S. (2013) Cosmopolitanism and the Middle Ages. New Middle Ages. New
York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Garmonsway, G. N., and Simpson, J. (trans.)
(1980) Beowulf and Its Analogues, including
Archaeology and Beowulf by H. E. Davidson.
London: Dent.
Garnett, G. (2007) Conquered England: Kingship,
Succession, and Tenure, 1066–1166. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Gayk, S. (2010) Image, Text, and Religious Reform
in Fifteenth-Century England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Selected References and Further Reading
Gibson, G. M. (1989) The Theater of Devotion: East
Anglian Drama and Society in the Late Middle
Ages. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Gillespie, A. (2006) Print Culture and the Medieval
Author: Chaucer, Lydgate, and Their Books, 1473–
1557. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gillespie, A., and Wakelin, D. (eds.) (2011) The
Production of Books in England 1350–1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gillespie, V., and Ghosh, K. (eds.) (2011) After
Arundel: Religious Writing in Fifteenth-Century
England. Turnhout: Brepols.
Gillingham, J. (2000) The English in the Twelfth
Century: Imperialism, National Identity, and Political Values. Woodbridge: Boydell.
Gneuss, H. (2009) Ælfric of Eynsham: His Life,
Times, and Writings. Old English Newsletter
Subsidia 34. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute
Publications.
Gneuss, H., and Lapidge, M. (2014) A Bibliographical Handlist of Manuscripts Written or Owned in
England up to 1100. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press.
Goldstein, R. J. (1993) The Matter of Scotland: Historical Narrative in Medieval Scotland. Lincoln:
University of Nebraska Press.
Goodrich, P. (ed.) (1990) The Romance of Merlin.
New York and London: Garland.
Goody, J. (1987) The Interface Between the Written
and the Oral. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Graham, T. (ed.) (2000) The Recovery of Old English:
Anglo-Saxon Studies in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth
Centuries. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute.
Green, R. F. (1980) Poets and Princepleasers: Literature and the English Court in the Late Middle Ages.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Green, R. F. (1999) A Crisis of Truth: Literature and
Law in Ricardian England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Griffiths, J., and Pearsall, D. (eds.) (1989) BookProduction and Publishing in Britain, 1375–1475.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Grundmann, H. (1995) Religious Movements in the
Middle Ages: The Historical Links Between Heresy,
the Mendicant Orders, and the Women’s Religious
Movement in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Century,
trans. S. Rowan. Notre Dame: University of
Notre Dame Press.
Guenée, B. (1985) States and Rulers in Later Medieval Europe. Oxford: Blackwell.
427
Hamburger, J. F., and Bouché, A.-M. (eds.) (2006)
The Mind’s Eye: Art and Theological Argument in
the Middle Ages. Princeton, NJ: Department of
Art and Archaeology, Princeton University in
association with Princeton University Press.
Hanawalt, B. (1992) Chaucer’s England: Literature
in Historical Context. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press.
Hanna, R. (2005) London Literature, 1300–1380.
Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature.
Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hanning, R. W. (1966) The Vision of History
in Early Britain: From Gildas to Geoffrey of
Monmouth. New York: Columbia University
Press.
Happé, P. (2007) The Towneley Cycle: Unity and
Diversity. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Hardison, O. B. (1965) Christian Rite and Christian
Drama in the Middle Ages. Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins Press.
Harper-Bill, C., and Van Houts, E. M. C. (2003)
A Companion to the Anglo-Norman World. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
Harvard University Department of English (2010)
METRO: Middle English Teaching Resources
Online, http://metro.fas.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do
(accessed January 30, 2012).
Hasler, A. J. (2011) Court Poetry in Late Medieval
England and Scotland: Allegories of Authority.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Heffernan, C. F. (2003) The Orient in Chaucer
and Medieval Romance. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Hellinga, L. (1982) Caxton in Focus: The Begin­
ning of Printing in England. London: British
Library.
Hellinga, L., and Trapp, J. B. (1999) The Cam­
bridge History of the Book in Britain, Volume III:
1400–1557. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Heng, G. (2003) Empire of Magic: Medieval Romance
and the Politics of Cultural Fantasy. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Henken, E. (1987) Traditions of the Welsh Saints.
Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Higham, N. J. (2002) King Arthur: Myth-Making
and History. London and New York: Routledge.
Hill-Vásquez, H. (2007) Sacred Players: The Politics
of Response in the Middle English Religious Drama.
Washington, DC: Catholic University of America
Press.
428
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Hodges, K. L. (2005) Forging Chivalric Communities
in Malory’s “Le Morte Darthur.” New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hopkins, A. (1990) The Sinful Knights: A Study of
Middle English Penitential Romance. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
Hudson, A. (1988) The Premature Reformation:
Wycliffite Texts and Lollard History. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Hume, K. (1984) Fantasy and Mimesis: Responses to
Reality in Western Literature. New York: Methuen.
Illich, I. (1993) In the Vineyard of the Text: A Commentary to Hugh’s “Didascalicon.” Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ingham, P. C. (2001) Sovereign Fantasies: Arthurian
Romance and the Making of Britain. Middle Ages
Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania
Press.
Irwin, R. (1958) The Origins of the English Library.
London: George Allen & Unwin.
Jones, R. H. (1968) The Royal Policy of Richard II:
Absolutism in the Later Middle Ages. New York:
Barnes and Noble.
Justice, S. (1994) Writing and Rebellion: England
in 1381. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
Justice, S., and Kerby-Fulton, K. (eds.) (1997)
Written Work: Langland, Labor, and Authorship.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Kamerick, K. (2002) Popular Piety and Art in the
Late Middle Ages: Image Worship and Idolatry in
England, 1350–1500. New York: Palgrave.
Keen, M. (1999) Medieval Warfare: A History.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kelen, S. A. (2007) Langland’s Early Modern Identities. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Kelly, F. (1988) A Guide to Early Irish Law. Dublin:
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
Kelly, S., and Thompson, J. J. (eds.) (2005) Imagining the Book. Turnhout: Brepols.
Kennedy, E. D. (1996) King Arthur: A Casebook.
New York: Garland.
Ker, N. R. (1957) Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kerby-Fulton, K. (2006) Books Under Suspicion:
Censorship and Tolerance of Revelatory Writing in
Late Medieval England. Notre Dame: University
of Notre Dame Press.
Kerby-Fulton, K., and Despres, D. L. (eds.) (1999)
Iconography and the Professional Reader: The
Politics of Book Production in the Douce Piers
Plowman. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press.
Kerby-Fulton, K., and Hilmo, M. (eds.) (2001)
The Medieval Professional Reader at Work:
Evidence from Manuscripts of Chaucer, Langland,
Kempe, and Gower. Victoria, BC: University of
Victoria.
King, P. M. (2006) The York Mystery Cycle and the
Worship of the City. Woodbridge and New York:
D.S. Brewer.
Kirk, E. D. (1972) The Dream Thought of Piers
Plowman. New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press.
Klein, S. S. (2006) Ruling Women: Queenship and
Gender in Anglo-Saxon Literature. Notre Dame:
University of Notre Dame Press.
Kleist, A. J. (ed.) (2007) The Old English Homily:
Precedent, Practice, and Appropriation. Turnhout:
Brepols.
Klinck, A. L. (1992) The Old English Elegies: A
Critical Edition and Genre Study. Montreal:
McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Knapp, E. (2001) The Bureaucratic Muse: Thomas
Hoccleve and the Literature of Late Medieval
England. University Park: Pennsylvania State
University Press.
Knight, S. (1985) Arthurian Literature and Society.
London: Macmillan.
Knight, S. (2009) Merlin: Knowledge and Power
Through the Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press.
Knowles, D. (1955) The Religious Orders in England:
Volume II. The End of the Middle Ages. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Kobialka, M. (1999) This Is My Body: Representational Practices in the Early Middle Ages. Ann
Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Koch, J. (1997) The Gododdin of Aneirin: Text and
Context from Dark-Age North Britain. Cardiff:
University of Wales Press.
Kolve, V. A. (1965) The Play Called Corpus Christi.
Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Koopmans, R. (2011) Wonderful to Relate: Miracle
Stories and Miracle Collecting in High Medieval
England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Krueger, R. (2000) The Cambridge Companion to
Medieval Romance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Selected References and Further Reading
Krug, R. (2002) Reading Families: Women’s Literate
Practice in Late Medieval England. Ithaca, NY and
London: Cornell University Press.
Lampert, L. (2004) Gender and Jewish Difference from
Paul to Shakespeare. Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press.
Lancashire, A. (2002) London Civic Theatre: City
Drama and Pageantry from Roman Times to 1558.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lapidge, M. (1993) Anglo-Latin Literature,
900–1066. London and Rio Grande, OH:
Hambledon.
Lapidge, M. (1996) Anglo-Latin Literature, 600–
899. London and Rio Grande, OH:
Hambledon.
Lapidge, M. (2006) The Anglo-Saxon Library.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lavezzo, K. (ed.) (2004) Imagining a Medieval
English Nation. Medieval Cultures. Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press.
Lee, C. A. (2007) Feasting the Dead: Food and Drink
in Anglo-Saxon Burial Rituals. Woodbridge:
Boydell and Brewer.
Lees, C. A. (1999) Tradition and Belief: Religious
Writing in Late Anglo-Saxon England. Medieval
Cultures 19. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Lees, C. A., and Overing, G. (2001) Double Agents:
Women and Clerical Culture in Anglo-Saxon
England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lerer, S. (1993) Chaucer and His Readers: Imagining
the Author in Late-Medieval England. Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Press.
Lewis, C. S. (1936) The Allegory of Love: A Study in
Medieval Tradition. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Liebermann, F. (ed.) (1889) Die Heiligen Englands:
Angelsächsisch und Lateinisch. Hanover: Hahn’sche
Buchhandlung.
Liuzza, R. M. (2002) Old English Literature:
Critical Essays. New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press.
Lochrie, K. (1999) Covert Operations: The Medieval
Uses of Secrecy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lomperis, L., and Stanbury, S. (1993) Feminist
Approaches to the Body in Medieval Literature.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lord, A. B. (1960) The Singer of Tales. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press. (Re-edition with
429
a CD and a new introduction by S. Mitchell and
G. Nagy, 2000.)
Lynch, K. L. (1988) The High Medieval Dream
Vision: Poetry, Philosophy, and Literary Form. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Magennis, H., and Swan, M. (eds.) (2009) A Companion to Ælfric. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
Mann, J. (1973) Chaucer and Medieval Estates Satire:
The Literature of Social Classes and the General
Prologue to the Canterbury Tales. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Marsden, R. (2004) The Cambridge Old English
Reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Martin, J. (2008) Kingship and Love in Scottish
Poetry, 1424–1540. Aldershot and Burlington,
VT: Ashgate.
Matthews, D. (2010) Writing to the King: Nation,
Kingship, and Literature in England, 1250–1350.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McAvoy, L. H. (2011) Medieval Anchoritisms:
Gender, Space and the Solitary Life. Woodbridge
and Rochester, NY: D.S. Brewer.
McCone, K. (2000) Echtrae Chonnlai and the Beginnings of Vernacular Narrative Writing in Ireland:
A Critical Edition. Maynooth Medieval Irish
Texts 1. Maynooth: Department of Old and
Middle Irish, NUIM.
McGillivray, M. (1990) Memorization in the Transmission of the Middle English Romances. New York:
Garland.
McGinn, B. (1994) Meister Eckhart and the Beguine
Mystics: Hadewijch of Brabant, Mechthild of
Magdeburg, and Marguerite Porete. New York:
Continuum.
McGlynn, S. (2008) By Sword and Fire: Cruelty and
Atrocity in Medieval Warfare. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
McIntosh, A. (1949) Wulfstan’s Prose. Israel Gollancz Lecture 1948. London: Publications of the
British Academy.
McKitterick, D. (2003) Print, Manuscript and the
Search for Order, 1450–1830. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McKitterick, R. (ed.) (1995) The Uses of Literacy in
Early Mediaeval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press. (Orig. pub. 1990.)
McNamer, S. (2010) Affective Meditation and the
Invention of Medieval Compassion. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press.
430
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Meale, C. M. (1993) Women and Literature in
Britain, 1150–1500. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Menocal, M. R. (1987) The Arabic Role in Medieval
Literary History. Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press.
Mews, S. (1982) Religion and National Identity.
Studies in Church History 18. Oxford:
Blackwell.
Meyer-Lee, R. J. (2007) Poets and Power from
Chaucer to Wyatt. Cambridge and New York:
Cambridge University Press.
The Middle English Dictionary (MED) http://quod
.lib.umich.edu/m/med/ (accessed August 4,
2013).
Minnis, A. J. (2010) Medieval Theory of Authorship:
Scholastic Literary Attitudes in the Later Middle
Ages, 2nd edn. Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press. (Orig. pub. 1984.)
Minnis, A. J., and Johnson, I. (1988) Medieval
Literary Theory and Criticism, c. 1100–c. 1375,
The Commentary Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Momma, H. (1997) The Composition of Old English
Poetry. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon
England 20. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Mooney, L. R., Horobin, S., and Stubbs, E.
(2011) Late Medieval English Scribes. www
.medievalscribes.com/ (accessed July 8, 2013).
Mooney, L. R., and Stubbs, E. (2013) Scribes and
the City: London Guildhall Clerks and the Dissemination of Middle English Literature 1375–1425.
Woodbridge: York Medieval Press.
Moore, R. I. (2012) The War on Heresy. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
Morgan, N., and Thomson, R. M. (2008) The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain, Volume II:
1100–1400. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Morris, C. (1972) The Discovery of the Individual,
1050–1200. New York: Harper & Row.
Nagy, J. F. (1997) Conversing with Angels and
Ancients: Literary Myths of Medieval Ireland.
Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Newman, B. (2003) God and the Goddesses: Vision,
Poetry, and Belief in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Newman, F. X. (1969) The Meaning of Courtly
Love. Albany: State University of New York
Press.
Nichols, S. G., and Wenzel, S. (1996) The
Whole Book: Cultural Perspectives on the Medieval
Miscellany. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan
Press.
Nicholson, H. J. (2009) The Knights Templar on
Trial: The Trial of the Templars in the British Isles,
1308–1311. Stroud: History Press.
Niles, J. D. (1983) “Beowulf ”: The Poem and Its
Tradition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press.
Niles, J. D. (1989) Anglo-Scandinavian England:
Norse-English Relations in the Period Before the
Conquest. Lanham: University Press of America.
Niles, J. D. (1999) Homo Narrans: The Poetics and
Anthropology of Oral Literature. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press.
Nisse, R. (2005) Defining Acts: Drama and the
Politics of Interpretation in Late Medieval England.
Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
Nolan, M. (2005) John Lydgate and the Making of
Public Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ó Carragáin, É. (2005) Ritual and the Rood: Liturgical Images and the Poems of The Dream of the Rood
Tradition. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
O’Brien O’Keeffe, K. (1990) Visible Song: Transitional Literacy in Old English Verse. Cambridge
Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 4. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
O’Neill, M. (2006) Courtly Love Songs of Medieval
France: Transmission and Style in the Trouvère Repertoire. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Olson, G. (1982) Literature as Recreation in the Later
Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press.
Ong, W. J. (1982) Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. London: Methuen.
Onions, C. T. (ed.) (1959) Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon
Reader in Prose and Verse, 14th edn. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
Orchard, A. (1994) The Poetic Art of Aldhelm. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 8. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Orchard, A. (2014) The Anglo-Saxon Riddling Tradition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press.
Orton, P. (2000) The Transmission of Old English
Poetry. Westfield Publications in Medieval and
Renaissance Studies 12. Turnhout: Brepols.
Padel, O. J. (2000) Arthur in Medieval Welsh Literature. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Selected References and Further Reading
Parker, P. A. (1979) Inescapable Romance: Studies in
the Poetics of a Mode. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Parkes, M. B. (1991) Scribes, Scripts and Readers:
Studies in the Communication, Presentation and Dissemination of Medieval Texts. London and Rio
Grande, OH: Hambledon Press.
Pasternack, C. B. (1995) The Textuality of Old
English Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Patterson, L. (1991) Chaucer and the Subject of
History. Madison: University of Wisconsin
Press.
Pearsall, D. (1970) John Lydgate. London: Routledge
& Kegan Paul.
Pearsall, D. (ed.) (1990) Studies in the Vernon Manuscript. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Pearsall, D. (1999) “Chaucer and Englishness. The
Sir Israel Gollancz Memorial Lecture.” Publications of the British Academy 101: 77–99.
Pratt, D. (2007) The Political Thought of King Alfred
the Great. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Pulsiano, P., and Treharne, E. (2001) A Com­
panion to Anglo-Saxon Literature. Oxford:
Blackwell.
Purdie, R. (2008) Anglicising Romance: Tail-Rhyme
and Genre in Medieval English Literature. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Purdie, R., and Cichon, M. (eds.) (2011) Medieval
Romance, Medieval Contexts. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Putter, A. (1995) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
and French Arthurian Romance. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Putter, A., and Gilbert, J. (eds.) (2000) The Spirit
of Medieval English Popular Romance. London:
Longman.
Radulescu, R. L., and Rushton, C. J. (eds.) (2009)
A Companion to Medieval Popular Romance. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Reichl, K. (2000) Singing the Past: Turkic and Medieval Heroic Poetry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press.
Reichl, K. (ed.) (2012) Medieval Oral Literature. De
Gruyter Lexikon. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Renoir, A. (1988) A Key to Old Poems: The OralFormulaic Approach to the Interpretation of WestGermanic Verse, foreword by A. B. Lord.
University Park: Pennsylvania State University
Press.
431
Richards, J. D. (2004) Viking Age England. Stroud:
Tempus.
Ridyard, S. J. (1988) The Royal Saints of AngloSaxon England: A Study of West Saxon and East
Anglian Cults. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rigg, A. G. (1992) A History of Anglo-Latin Literature 1066–1422. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Robertson, K. (2006) The Laborer’s Two Bodies:
Labor and the “Work” of the Text in Medieval
Britain, 1350–1500. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Rosenthal, J. T. (1990) Medieval Women and the
Sources of Medieval History. Athens: University of
Georgia Press.
Rosenwein, B. H. (2006) Emotional Communities in
the Early Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Rouse, R. A. (2005) The Idea of Anglo-Saxon
England in Middle English Romance. Cambridge:
D.S. Brewer.
Rudd, G. (2007) Greenery: Ecocritical Readings of
Late Medieval English Literature. Manchester:
Manchester University Press.
Russell, F. (1977) Just War in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Salih, S. (2001) Versions of Virginity. Cambridge:
D.S. Brewer.
Salter, E., Pearsall, D. A., and Zeeman, Z. (eds.)
(1988) English and International: Studies in the
Literature, Art, and Patronage of Medieval England.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Salter, E., and Wicker, H. (2011) Vernacularity in
England and Wales c. 1300–1550. Turnhout:
Brepols.
Sanok, C. (2007) Her Life Historical: Exemplarity
and Female Saints’ Lives in Late Medieval England.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Saunders, C. (ed.) (2004) A Companion to
Romance: From Classical to Contemporary. Oxford:
Blackwell.
Saunders, C. (ed.) (2005) Cultural Encounters in the
Romance of Medieval England. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Saunders, C. (2010) Magic and the Supernatural in
Medieval English Romance. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Saunders, C. J., Le Saux, F. H. M., and Thomas,
N. (2004) Writing War: Medieval Literary
Responses to Warfare. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
432
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Savage, A., and Watson, N. (eds.) (1991) Anchoritic
Spirituality: Ancrene Wisse and Associated Works.
New York: Paulist Press.
Scanlon, L. (1994) Narrative, Authority, and
Power: The Medieval Exemplum and the Chaucerian
Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Scheil, A. (2004) The Footsteps of Israel: Understanding Jews in Anglo-Saxon England. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press.
Schultz, J. A. (2006) Courtly Love, the Love of
Courtliness, and the History of Sexuality. Chicago
and London: University of Chicago Press.
Searle, E. (1988) Predatory Kingship and the Creation
of Norman Power, 840–1066. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Sharpe, R. (2001) A Handlist of the Latin Writers of
Britain and Ireland Before 1540, rev. edn. Publications of the Journal of Medieval Latin 1. Turnhout: Brepols.
Simpson, J. (1995) Sciences and the Self in Medieval
Poetry: Alan of Lille’s “Anticlaudianus” and John
Gower’s “Confessio Amantis.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Simpson, J. (2002) Reform and Cultural Revolution.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Simpson, J. (2007) Burning to Read: English
Fundamentalism and Its Reformation Opponents.
Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Sisam, K. (1953) Studies in the History of Old English
Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Southern, R. W. (1953) The Making of the
Middle Ages. New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press.
Southern, R. W. (1995) Scholastic Humanism and the
Unification of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell.
Spearing, A. C. (1976) Medieval Dream Poetry.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sponsler, C. (1997) Drama and Resistance: Bodies,
Goods, and Theatricality in Late Medieval Eng­
land. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press.
Stanbury, S. (2008) The Visual Object of Desire in
Late Medieval England. Philadelphia: University
of Pennsylvania Press.
Stanton, R. (2002) The Culture of Translation in
Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Steen, J. (2008) Verse and Virtuosity: The Adaptation
of Latin Rhetoric in Old English Poetry. Toronto:
University of Toronto Press.
Stenton, F. M. (1971) Anglo-Saxon England, 3rd
edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stevens, J. (1973) Medieval Romance: Themes and
Approaches. London: Hutchinson University
Library.
Stevenson, J. (2010) Performance, Cognitive Theory,
and Devotional Culture: Sensual Piety in Late Medieval York. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Stock, B. (1983) The Implications of Literacy: Written
Language and Models of Interpretation in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Stock, B. (1990) Listening for the Text: On the Uses
of the Past. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press.
Story, J. (2003) Carolingian Connections: AngloSaxon England and Carolingian Francia, c. 750–
870. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Strohm, P. (1989) Social Chaucer. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press.
Strohm, P. (1992) Hochon’s Arrow: The Social Imagination of Fourteenth-Century Texts. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press.
Strohm, P. (1998) England’s Empty Throne: Usurpation and the Language of Legitimation, 1399–1422.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Strohm, P. (2007) Middle English. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Swan, M., and Treharne, E. (eds.) (2000) Rewriting
Old English in the Twelfth Century. Cambridge
Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 30. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Szarmach, P. E. (ed.) (1996) Holy Men and Holy
Women: Old English Prose Saints Lives and Their
Contexts. Albany: State University of New York
Press.
Szittya, P. R. (1986) The Antifraternal Tradition in
Medieval Literature. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Taves, A. (2009) Religious Experience Reconsidered: A
Building Block Approach to the Study of Religion
and Other Special Things. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Thomas, H. M. (2003) The English and the Normans:
Ethnic Hostility, Assimilation, and Identity 1066–c.
1220. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Tolan, J. V. (2002) Saracens: Islam in the Medieval
European Imagination. New York: Columbia University Press.
Townend, M. (ed.) (2004) Wulfstan, Archbishop of
York. The Proceedings of the Second Alcuin
Selected References and Further Reading
Conference. Studies in the Early Middle Ages
10. Turnhout: Brepols: Publishers n.v.
Treharne, E. (ed.) (2009) Old and Middle English,
890–1450: An Anthology. Oxford: Wiley
Blackwell.
Treharne, E. (2012) Living Through Conquest: The
Politics of Early English, 1020–1220. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Treharne, E., and Walker, G. (2010) The Oxford
Handbook of Medieval Literature in English.
Oxford and New York: Oxford University
Press.
Trigg, S. (2002) Congenial Souls: Reading Chaucer
from Medieval to Postmodern. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Trilling, R. R. (2009) The Aesthetics of Nostalgia:
Historical Representation in Old English Verse.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Turner, M. (2007) Chaucerian Conflict: Languages of
Antagonism in Late Fourteenth-Century London.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Turville-Petre, T. (ed.) (1989) Alliterative Poetry of
the Later Middle Ages: An Anthology. London:
Routledge.
Turville-Petre, T. (1996) England the Nation: Language, Literature, and National Identity, 1290–
1340. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Tyler, E. M. (2006) Old English Poetics: The Aesthetics of the Familiar in Anglo-Saxon England. York:
York Medieval Press.
Uebel, M. (2005) Ecstatic Transformation: On the
Uses of Alterity in the Middle Ages. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Valente, C. (2003) The Theory and Practice
of Revolt in Medieval England. Aldershot:
Ashgate.
Voaden, R. (1999) God’s Words, Women’s Voices: The
Discernment of Spirits in the Writing of LateMedieval Women Visionaries. York: York Medieval
Press.
Wakefield, W. L., and Evans, A. P. (eds. and trans.)
(1991) Heresies of the High Middle Ages. New
York: Columbia University Press.
Wallace, D. (1997) Chaucerian Polity: Absolutist
Lineages and Associational Forms in England and
Italy. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Wallace, D. (1999) The Cambridge History of Medieval English Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Warren, A. (1985) Anchorites and Their Patrons.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
433
Warren, M. (2000) History on the Edge: Excalibur on
the Borders of Britain, 1100–1300. Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press.
Watson, N. (1991) Richard Rolle and the Invention
of Authority. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Watt, D. (2007) Medieval Women’s Writing: Works
by and for Women in England, 1100–1500. Cambridge: Polity.
Wenzel, S. (1986) Preachers, Poets, and the Early
English Lyric. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Wetherbee, W. (1972) Platonism and Poetry in the
Twelfth Century: The Literary Influence of the School
of Chartres. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
Wheeler, B., Kindrick, R. L., and Salda, M. N.
(eds.) (2000) The Malory Debate: Essays on the
Texts of Le Morte Darthur. Cambridge: D.S.
Brewer.
Wilson, A. (1976) Traditional Romance and Tale:
How Stories Mean. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
Wilson, R. M. (1968) Early Middle English Literature, 3rd edn. London: Methuen.
Wilson, R. M. (1970) The Lost Literature of Medieval
England, 2nd edn. London: Methuen.
Windeatt, B. A. (1994) English Mystics of the Middle
Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Winstead, K. (1997) Virgin Martyrs: Legends of
Sainthood in Late Medieval England. Ithaca, NY:
Cornell University Press.
Wittig, J. S. (1997) William Langland Revisited.
New York: Twayne Authors Series.
Wogan-Browne, J. (2009) Language and Culture in
Medieval Britain: The French of England, c.1100–
c.1500. Woodbridge and Rochester, NY: York
Medieval Press.
Wogan-Browne, J., Watson, N., Taylor, A., and
Evans, R. (eds.) (1999) The Idea of the Vernacular:
An Anthology of Middle English Literary Theory,
1280–1520. University Park: Pennsylvania
State University Press.
Wooding, J. (ed.) (2000) The Otherworld Voyage in
Early Irish Literature: An Anthology of Criticism.
Dublin: Four Courts Press.
Wormald, F., and Wright, C. E. (eds.) (1958) The
English Library Before 1700. London: Athlone
Press.
Wormald, P., and Nelson, J. L. (2007) Lay Intellectuals in the Carolingian World. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
434
Volume I: Medieval Literature 700–1450
Yeager, R. F. (1990) John Gower’s Poetic: The Search
for a New Arion. Woodbridge: D.S. Brewer.
Yeager, S. M. (2008) Jerusalem in Medieval Narrative. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Young, K. (1933) The Drama of the Medieval
Church. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Zacher, S. (2009) Preaching the Converted: The Style
and Rhetoric of the Vercelli Book Homilies. Toronto:
University of Toronto Press.
Zacher, S. (2013) Rewriting the Old Testament in
Anglo-Saxon Verse: Becoming the Chosen People.
London and New York: Bloomsbury.
Zacher, S., and Orchard, A. (2009) New Readings
in the Vercelli Book. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press.
Zeeman, N. (2006) Piers Plowman and the Medieval
Discourse of Desire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.