Anatomical
Landmarks
Mr. Danilo Villar Rogayan Jr.
Instructor I, Department of Natural Sciences
College of Education, Arts and Sciences
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
Anatomical Landmarks
•You should become familiar
with the adjectival form as
well as the anatomical term.
•Understanding the terms
and their origins will help you
to remember the location of
a particular structure, as well
as its name.
Anatomical Landmarks
• Standard anatomical
illustrations show the human
form in the anatomical
position.
• In the anatomical position,
the person stands with the
legs together and the feet
flat on the floor.
• The hands are at the sides,
and the palms face forward.
Regions of the
Human Body
Anatomical Directions
• There are many different terms, and some
can be used interchangeably. As you learn
these directional terms, it is important to
remember that all anatomical directions
utilize the anatomical position as the
standard point of reference.
Planes & Sections
• Any slice through a three-dimensional object
can be described with reference to three
sectional planes
Planes & Sections
Body
Cavities
Mr. Danilo Villar Rogayan Jr.
Instructor I, Department of Natural Sciences
College of Education, Arts and Sciences
Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
Planes & Sections
• The human body is not a solid object, and
many vital organs are suspended in internal
chambers called body cavities.
• These cavities protect delicate organs from
accidental shocks and cushion them from the
thumps and bumps that occur during walking,
jumping, and running.
Ventral Body Cavity
• The ventral body cavity, or coelom (; koila ,
cavity), contains organs of the respiratory,
cardio-vascular, digestive, urinary, and
reproductive systems.
• Because they project partly or completely into
the ventral body cavity, there can be significant
changes in the size and shape of these organs
without distorting surrounding tissues or
disrupting the activities of adjacent organs.
Thoracic Cavity
• The lungs and heart, associated organs of the
respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphoid
systems, as well as the thymus and inferior
portions of the esophagus, are contained within
the thoracic cavity.
• The boundaries of the thoracic cavity are
established by the muscles and bones of the
chest wall and the diaphragm, a muscular
sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from
the abdominopelvic cavity.
Pleural Cavity
• Each pleural cavity contains a lung. The cavity
is lined by a shiny, slippery serous membrane,
which reduces friction as the lung expands and
recoils during respiration.
• The serous membrane lining a pleural
cavity is called a pleura.
• The visceral pleura covers the outer surfaces
of a lung, and the parietal pleura covers the
opposing mediastinal surface and the inner
body wall.
Pleural Cavity
• Each pleural cavity contains a lung. The cavity
is lined by a shiny, slippery serous membrane,
which reduces friction as the lung expands and
recoils during respiration.
• The serous membrane lining a pleural
cavity is called a pleura.
• The visceral pleura covers the outer surfaces
of a lung, and the parietal pleura covers the
opposing mediastinal surface and the inner
body wall.
That in all things
GOD may be
glorified!
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