Introduction to Solutions
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Printed: November 19, 2014
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C HAPTER
Chapter 1. Introduction to Solutions
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Introduction to Solutions
Lesson 10.1: True or False
Name___________________ Class______________ Date__________
Determine if the following statements are true or false.
_____ 1. Particles of solute eventually settle to the bottom of a solution.
_____ 2. Particles of solute dissolved in a solution are too small to see.
_____ 3. The solvent in a solution is always in the liquid state.
_____ 4. When sugar dissolves in water, it separates into individual ions.
_____ 5. Smaller particles of solute dissolve more quickly than larger particles.
_____ 6. Paint thinner is an example of a nonpolar solvent.
_____ 7. A solute changes the chemical properties of a solvent.
_____ 8. Pure water has a higher boiling point than salty water.
_____ 9. Ionic compounds dissolve in nonpolar solvents.
_____ 10. Water is a solute in moist air.
Lesson 10.1: Critical Reading
Name___________________ Class______________ Date__________
Read this passage from the text and answer the questions that follow.
Solutes and Solvents
A solution forms when one substance dissolves in another. The substance that dissolves is called the solute. The
substance it dissolves in is called the solvent. For example, ocean water is a solution in which the solute is salt and
the solvent is water. In this example, a solid (salt) is dissolved in a liquid (water). However, matter in any state can
be the solute or solvent in a solution.
When a solute dissolves in a solvent, it changes to the same state as the solvent. For example, when solid salt
dissolves in liquid water, it becomes part of the liquid solution, salt water. If the solute and solvent are already in
the same state, the substance present in greater quantity is considered to be the solvent. For example, nitrogen is the
solvent in Earth’s atmosphere because it makes up 78 percent of air.
Questions
1. Define solute and solvent, and give an example of each.
2. For any given solution, how can you tell which substance is the solute and which is the solvent?
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Lesson 10.1: Multiple Choice
Name___________________ Class______________ Date__________
Circle the letter of the correct choice.
1. Which statement about solutions is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They are mixtures.
They are compounds.
They are homogenous.
two of the above
2. When a solid solute dissolves in a liquid solvent, the solute changes to
a.
b.
c.
d.
a different chemical than it was.
the same state as the solvent.
a new type of compound.
the gaseous state.
3. When sodium chloride dissolves in water, the oxygen ends of water molecules attract the
a.
b.
c.
d.
sodium ions in the salt crystals.
chloride atoms in the salt molecules.
negative ends of the other water molecules.
negative ions in the salt crystals.
4. Dissolving occurs more quickly if the
a.
b.
c.
d.
solvent has a lower temperature.
solute has less surface area.
solution is stirred or shaken.
all of the above
5. Which substance does not dissolve in water?
a.
b.
c.
d.
salt
sugar
carbon dioxide
oil-based paint
6. Adding antifreeze to water gives the water a
a.
b.
c.
d.
higher freezing point.
higher boiling point.
lower boiling point.
two of the above
7. Any compound will dissolve in the universal solvent if the compound is
a.
b.
c.
d.
hot.
ionic.
nonpolar.
covalent.
Lesson 10.1: Matching
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
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Chapter 1. Introduction to Solutions
Match each definition with the correct term.
Definitions
_____ 1. substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution
_____ 2. having oppositely charged ends
_____ 3. substance called the universal solvent
_____ 4. unable to dissolve in a given solvent
_____ 5. substance that dissolves in another substance to form a solution
_____ 6. homogeneous mixture with dissolved particles
_____ 7. able to dissolve in a given solvent
Terms
a. solution
b. solute
c. solvent
d. water
e. soluble
f. insoluble
g. polar
Lesson 10.1: Fill in the Blank
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
When a substance such as salt dissolves in water it forms a(n) __________.
Ocean water is a solution in which the solute is __________.
Air is a solution in which the solvent is __________.
When an ionic solute dissolves, it separates into individual __________.
When a covalent solute dissolves, it separates into individual __________.
Water can dissolve many different solutes because it is a(n) __________ compound.
Solutes generally lower the __________ point of solvents.
Lesson 10.1: Critical Writing
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Thoroughly answer the question below. Use appropriate academic vocabulary and clear and complete sentences.
Assume you want to make a solution of sugar and a given amount of water. Explain what you could do to increase
the amount of sugar that will dissolve in the water.
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