6th April 2016
Grid Analytics Europe 2016
Use of Smart Meters Information
for Network Operation
J. Corera
www.iberdroladistribucionelectrica.com
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Iberdrola Networks Business: Europe and America
Distribution Area:
1,120,000 km2
Population:
> 60 million
UIL
F
Supply Points:
30.7 million
Distributed energy:
Electr. 228,040 GWh
Gas: 60,880 GWh
Employees:
17,000
(+ 5,200 in Neo)
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Iberdrola Global Networks Business Overview
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Fundamentals
 6,5M Smart Meters in full operation (of 11M)
 PLC PRIME. Secondary substations employ Intelligent
Concentrators and IP communications upstream.
 “Beyond the Obligation, an Opportunity”: the meter as a LV
sensor
 Additional meters located at transformers and LV lines (low
incremental cost)
 The architecture must support near real time performance
 Work focused on:
Quality issues
Business rationale
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Additional meters installed
 3 phase meters in all
transformers (LV side)
 LV Line: 3 phase meters in
LV lines of the SS (partial
coverage)
Transformer meter
Line meter
Customer meter
 Line metering (5 min current,
active and reactive power)
 Fuse blown (spontaneous
transmission)
 Connectivity (customer to
phase and line)
 Pilot: meter neutral-toground at SS to detect
earth losses
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Architecture
Point of Supply management
Internet
Corporate environment
SIC-Bigdata
SIC-Bigdata
AMI, equipment management, LV
STG
Readings
Real Time environment
Commands
Metering system
SCADA
Operations tracking & dashboard
Equipment Management
LV Network Management
Communications
IP
RTU
DC
PRIME
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Electrical magnitudes monitoring
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Example 1: LV line charging
Line meters: ordered 5-min current values (one day, 1st July 2015)
B1
B2
Plaza Jado line 8
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R&D examples: Overcurrent Detection
Average
current 5’:
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Neutral
288 samples
(24 hours)
Line 8 (24 hours)
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R&D examples: Overcurrent Detection
Action: possibility to transfer load between line 8 and line 7
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Example 2: Phase unbalance Detection
Line meter: current unbalances between phases (5 min averages)
Current 5 min
averages
Figure shows the top 27 most unbalanced LV lines of a total of 650 monitored
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Example 2: Phase unbalance Detection
Line 15
Puente Dolaretxe line 15 (24 hours)
Carmelo 4 Bilbao line 5 (4 days)
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Current 5 in
averages’:
Fase 1
Fase 2
Fase 3
Current 5 in
averages’:
Fase 1
Fase 2
Fase 3
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Example 2: Phase unbalance Detection
Cine Capitol (1 July) unbalanced line 8
Línea 8
Positive example: Alameda Rekalde-Henao: all reasonable
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Example 3: Over- and under- voltages
% of time out of limit
Voltage violations reported by meter events + pings to meter
Bizkaia customers
Transformer LV side voltage and current
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Example 4: fraud detection
In addition to usage of analitics on customer information to
detect fraud, balances are being applied:
Energy balance: “transformer energy– customer energy= losses (technical + non technical”
Fraud example (small SS): 12.196 - 4838= 7358 kWh monthly losses (10 kW equivalent power)
06/03/2015
Two illegal connections
cut 13h - 14h
Map of losses: color as amount of losses
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Outages: real time access to
meters
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Information used
Information used:
 Meters outage spontaneous events (only three-phase, no “last
gasp”): loss of phase, loss of neutral
 Transformer meter spontaneous event (loss of one MV phase)
 Ping to meters
Implementation:
 Meter events are transferred to the SCADA/OMS; Automatic
pings to identify outage extent
 Operators can also ping meters
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Example 5: real time use of meters outage information
Centro de Transformación
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Example 6: neutral loss
Código Contador
ZIV0037499641
ZIV0037499641
ZIV0037499641
ZIV0037499641
ZIV0037499643
ZIV0037499643
ZIV0037499643
ZIV0037499643
ZIV0037499648
ZIV0037499648
ZIV0037499648
Nombre CT
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
URQUIJO LUIS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
BRIÑAS
Descripción Evento
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Pérdida de neutro
Fecha Evento
11/11/2015 18:26
11/11/2015 18:35
11/11/2015 18:38
11/11/2015 18:38
11/11/2015 18:26
11/11/2015 18:35
11/11/2015 18:38
11/11/2015 18:38
11/11/2015 18:26
11/11/2015 18:35
11/11/2015 18:38
1) Three meters indicate simultaneously neutral loss (3 = good confidence).
2) The Town Hall workers digging a trench indicate they could have damaged a cable
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Meter to phase-an- line connectivity calculation
1. Current events
Matching a current jump between the meter and the
feeder head (example: 5 amps increase when the customer turns on
CTs
RTU
DC
LV/MV
CB11
LV1
LV2
the cooker):
•
Detection of line and phase
Transformer Meter
CB12
LV3
LV4
LV5
Line Meter
Customer Meter
Customer Meter
2. Prime topology discovery
Based on upstream PLC messages exchanged
between meter and feeder head base node.
• Detection of line (phase with prime 1.4)
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LV Operations system
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LV Management System
LV Operation
SCADA/EMS/DMS
GIS
Metering system
LV Pilot
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Functionality:
• Visualization
• Load flow
• Topology update (JCGG)
• Outage follow up
• Reporting QoS
• Mobility
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LV management system
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Conclussions
• Smart meters offer many opportunities additional to
billing
• The actual capacity of the systems can manage all
that information to operate, plan and develop the
network
• We are at the beginning: this is a step towards
active networks (LV automation, distributed
generation, demand management…)
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