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What do you notice about the coffees in the second set?
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Brand
Price
Air Jordan
$149.99
Starter
$18. 00
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What would your supply chain look like? Use the space below to fill in
where your product goes after it is created
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What is different about this Supply Chain than the way it has been
done previously?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
How do you think this Supply Chain might be of better advantage to
the producers?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Light Years IP conducted a study of 15 African distinctive products and
found only about 2.5% of the retail value from those products in the
foreign markets was going back to the farmers and artisans, the
producers of the distinctive products.
Where are the challenges?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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