Branches of phonetics
Speaker
Articulatory phonetics studies how
speech sounds are produced by the
organs of speech.
English Phonetics and Phonology
1. Traditional approach: observation,
reproduction and introspection.
Lecture 2 The Speech Chain
2. Phases of the Speech Chain and
branches of phonetics
2. Instrumental and experimental
approach: use of instruments such as
camera, video, endoscope,
electrodes, sensors of air pressure,
brain imaging, etc.
KAMIYAMA, Takeki
[email protected]
Encoding
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From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain
Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2
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Ultrasound imaging (ecography)
Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh
http://www.qmu.ac.uk/casl/ultra/subjectinfo_ESRC_2007_2008.htm
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Instruments for articulatory
investigation (Laboratory of
Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015
Lectureand
2
phonetics
phonology, Paris)3
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What is PGG?
New development?: ePGG
Sawashima & Hirose (1981), In Vocal Fold Physiology
Honda & Maeda
Transillumination
technique
photodiode
External lighting and sensing PGG (ePGG)
The ePGG sensor detects transillumination from
a high-power LED placed on the neck skin.
PGG signal
k
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Non-invasive method
Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2
Branches of phonetics
Very experimental
ePGG + Airflow + Pio setup
(acoustic)
signal
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Acoustic phonetics
studies the acoustic,
physic characteristics
of speech sounds, by
using instruments
such as oscillograph
or spectrograph.
From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain
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Branches of phonetics
Sound spectrogram
(or sonagram, sonogram)
Auditory phonetics studies how
listeners decode and understand
speech sounds.
Listener
1. Psycholinguistic approach:
analysis of the behaviour (task of
choice, judgement, etc.) in response
to speech sounds, or synthesised
sounds.
Decoding
2. Neuroscience approach: direct
observation of the brain by brain
images obtained by MRI, EEG, etc.
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From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain
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Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2
Perception test
• Identification test
• Discrimination test
End of Lecture 2
Lecture 3: Organs of speech
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