2/2013-14/SA-2/SOCIAL SCIENCE/ CL-IX
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT – II (2013 – 2014)
CLASS IX
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time : 3 – 3½ hrs.
M.M. : 90
General instructions:
i) The question paper has 31 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
ii) Marks are indicated against each question.
iii) Questions from serial number 1 to 8 are very short answer type questions. Each question carries one
mark.
iv) Questions from serial number 9 to 20 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not
exceed 80 words each.
v) Questions from serial number 21 to 28are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not
exceed 100 words each.
vi) Question number 29 and 30are map question of 3marks from History and Geography respectively.
After completion, attach the map inside your answer book.
vii) Question Number 31 is from open text themes and it is of 10 marks.
1. What is the specified length of a cricket pitch?
(1)
2. Gir forest is the National habitat of which animal?
(1)
3. Which institution is known as the final authority for making laws?
(1)
4. Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner?
(1)
5. Who is the head of the government?
(1)
6. What is the aim of Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana?
(1)
7. On what does Food security depend?
(1)
8. When was the National Food for Work Programme started?
(1)
9. Why did the colonial government in India pass the Forest Acts?
(3)
10. Differentiate between the Amateurs and the Professionals.
(3)
11. How did the Indian pastoralists survive during the colonial times?
(3)
12. Explain the terms ‘Loo’, ‘KaalBiasakhi’ and ‘Mango showers’.
(3)
13. Explain any three facts that help us to understand the mechanism of monsoons. (3)
14. Why has India’s Natural vegetation undergone many changes? Give three reasons.
(3)
(1)
15. What makes an election democratic?
(3)
16. ‘Lok Sabha is more powerful than Rajya Sabha.’ Explain the statement by giving three
reasons.
(3)
17. Explain three provisions of the Fundamental Rights against Exploitation.
(3)
18. Mention any three social indicators of poverty other than income and consumption.
(3)
19. Define poverty line. How is poverty line determined?
(3)
20. Why is Public Distribution System criticized?
(3)
21. Why did the Maasai community lose their grazing land during the British colonial
rule?
(5)
22. When were the first Cricketing Laws drawn up? Mention all the provisions in it.
(1+4=5)
23. What is an Ecosystem? How do human beings influence the ecology of a region? (5)
24. Give an account of significant features of NPP of 2000.
(5)
25. What do you mean by the judiciary? What are the different types of cases handled by
the Supreme Court?
(5)
26. What are the limitations and challenges of Indian elections?
(5)
27. Describe any five projects launched by the government to alleviate poverty in India.
(5)
28. Describe any five functions of Public Distribution System in India.
29. a)
b)
Two items A and B are shown in the given political outline map. Identify these
items with the help of the following information and write their correct names
on the lines marked on the map –
i)
The state where Camel fair is held annually
ii)
The state where the Dhangars live
On the same political outline map of India, locate and label the following item
with appropriate symbol.
i)
30. a)
b)
(5)
Mark a state where the GujjarBakarwals live.
(3)
Two items (i) and (ii) are shown in the given political outline map. Identify these
items with the help of the following information and write their correct names
on the lines marked on the map –
A)
Weather Station
B)
Forest
On the same political outline map of India, locate and label the following item
with appropriate symbol.
A)
Shade the state in N.E which has population below 100 persons/sqkm (3)
(2)
Open Text Based Question
31. a)
What inspired Bansi to pledge to participate in the rehabilitation activities?
What did Bansi gain by working in such activities?
(5)
b)
Explain the main reason for people to migrate to cities. Overcrowded cities are
also full of problems. List any two reasons which you think to be alarming.
Suggest some measures to stop the flow of people from villages to cities.
(5)
***************
(3)
Map for History Section
(4)
Map for Geography
(5)
2/2013-14/FINAL EXAMINATION/FIT/ CL-IX
FINAL EXAMINATION (2013 – 2014)
CLASS IX
FOUNDATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Time : 3 hrs.
M.M. : 90
Section – A
1. Answer the following in one word :
(1×12=12)
a) Proneeta has made a presentation for her new ad campaign. The content is
ready but she does not have time to design backgrounds and decide on color
schemes for the presentation. Name the feature which will help her to create a
professional presentation without devoting much time.
b) Which is the most widely used LAN system?
c)
Which option helps you to include special effects on various text boxes and
images during designing a slide?
d) If A1 : A5 contains the number 10,7,9,27 and 2, then :
MAX (A1 : A5) equals __________
MIN (A1 : A5) equals __________
e) Name the toolbar, which has all the options of changing the font properties.
f)
Aleena is interested in transferring few songs from her mobile phone to
Sanyan’s mobile phone. Suggest two suitable wireless options she may opt for
doing the same.
g) Which technique is suitable for maintaining data integrity and ensuring the
security of information?
h) The process of translating information from its original form into an encoded,
incomprehensible form is called _________________.
i)
It is a thin strand cable of light conducting glass fibre
j)
To enter data in two lines in one cell.
k) Write the shortcut key to select the current row.
l)
A process that inserts variable data into a standardized document to produce a
personalized or a customized document.
2. When does the following error occur?
(1×4=4)
a) ######
b)
# value !
c)
# REF !
d)
# DIV/0
3. Give the output of the following :
(1×6=6)
a) 1/25
b)
(600)
c)
+65+10
d)
CTRL+SHIFT+: (COLON)
e) CTRL + ; (SEMICOLON)
f)
095
(6)
4. Tariq Fashions maintain their employees’ salary details in a spreadsheet as shown
below. Write formulas for the operations (i) to (v)
(2×5=10)
Note : Only write the formulas. Don’t do the calculations
S.NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
NAME
Anita
Harshita
Shweta
Rahul
Arnav
Jyoti
B
BASIC
4500
2500
6500
3000
4000
2500
C
HRA
2000
1500
2500
1500
2000
1500
D
BASIC+HRA
a)
b)
E
DA
F
PF
780
780
780
780
780
780
G
NET SALARY
Calculate BASIC + HRA for each employee and display it in column D.
To calculate the DA as 35% of column D for each employee and display in
column E.
c)
To calculate the NET SALARY as BASIC+HRA+DA-PF for each employee and
display it in column G.
d) To find the maximum NET SALARY and display in cell G7.
e) If the basic salary of an employee changes, will the manager have to redo all the
calculations for that particular employee? Explain
5. Differentiate between :
(2×7=14)
a) Spyware and Phishing
b) AutoSum and AutoCalculate
c)
Wireless and Wired Networking Technology
d) Password and Firewall
e) Slide and Handouts
f)
Patch Cables and Crossover Cables
g) MAX() and MIN() Function
6. Answer the following :
(2×13=26)
a) What are the different categories of Multimedia?
b) What is the use of track changes option?
c)
What is the difference between AutoContent Wizard and Design Template?
d) What are the different types of data that can be entered in MS Excel?
e) What is privacy in the context of IT?
f)
What do you understand by security of information?
g) What do you mean by cell referencing? What are different ways of referencing
a cell?
h) Why is there a need for networking?
i)
How do you merge the data source and the main document?
j)
Define Equation Editor.
(7)
k)
l)
m)
What is what-if-analysis?
Define a function in MS Excel. Give two examples.
What are the rules for naming a file in MSPowerpoint?
Section – B (MCQ)
Each question carries one mark (1×18=18)
1. In PowerPoint, two kind of sound effects files that can be added to the presentation
are :
a) .wav and.mid
b)
.wav and.gif
c)
.wav and.jpg
d)
.jpg and .gif
2. In which menu header and footer command appears :
a) Format
b)
Insert
c)
View A
d)
Edit
3. In a spreadsheet, the following reference changes rows and columns automatically
when it is copied to a new cell :
a) Absolute
b)
Relative
c)
Mixed
d)
All of the above
4. You can enter which types of data into worksheet cells?
a) Labels, values and formulas
b)
Labels, values but not formulas
c)
Values and formulas but not labels
d)
Formulas only
5. The formula in A3 is =B1 + C2.On copying this formula to cell A4,what will be the
copied formula?
a) =B2+C3
b)
=B1+C3
c)
=B2+C2
d)
Error
6. Sam is logging in to his gmail account and one of his friends is trying to peep in and
figure out her password. Which of the following issues is being infringed?
a) Plagiarism
b)
Privacy
c)
Intellectual Rights
d)
None of the above
7. Which is an example of a mixed reference?
a) B1
b)
$B$1
c)
$B1
d)
AB1
8. What will be placed in the selected cell when you click the AutoSum button?
a) The sum of values in the cell’s column
b) Nothing unless you select the range of cells
c)
The sum of values in the cell’s row
d) The sum of values in the cell’s column and cell’s row
9. Sam Niza, who was born in 1995, is thinking of a password for her online bank
account. Which one of the following you would suggest for strengthening the
security of her account.
a) Azd3456
b)
a99p54c66
c)
samniza1995
d)
4df$#year
(8)
10. The Autofill feature :
a) Extends a sequential series of data
b) Automatically adds range of cell values
c)
Applies a boarder around the selected cells
d) None of the above
11. Rehman is making his science project presentation on ‘Sustainable Development’
using a presentation software. He wants to add the phrase ‘Sustainable
Development’ at the top of the page. Which option he should use :
a) Footer
b)
Header
c)
Watermark
d)
Bullets
12. Which device allows computers all over the world to communicate with each other
over telephone lines?
a) ISP
b)
URL
c)
Modem
d)
Website
13. These cables are used to connect computer to a hub or switch.
a) Crossover Cables
b)
Patch cables
c)
Base band
d)
Broad band
14. What is the minimum number of rows and columns that a word table can have?
a) Zero
b)
1 row and 1 column
c)
2 rows and 1 column
d)
2 rows and 2 columns
15. How many scroll bars are visible on the text area if your document is over 200%?
a) Four
b)
Two
c)
One
d)
Three
16. In Presentation Tool, the entry effect as one slide replaces another slide in a Slide
Show is called :
a) Animation
b)
Slide Transition
c)
Custom Animation
d)
Rehearse Timing
17. Which of the following can you do in Slide Sorter View?
a) Insert a slide
b)
Delete a slide
c)
Select more than one slide
d)
All of the above
18. It is a legal right that allows the creator of an invention the sole right to make, use
and sell that invention for a set period of time.
a) Patent
b)
Trademark
c)
Trade Secret
d)
Industrial design right
*************
(9)
2/2013-14/SA-2/SCIENCE/ CL-IX
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT – II (2013 – 2014)
CLASS IX
SCIENCE
Time : 3 – 3½ hrs.
M.M. : 100
General instructions:
i) The question paper comprises of three Sections, A, B and C. You are to attempt all the sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory.
iii) There is no choice in any of the questions.
iv) All questions of Section – A, Section – B and Section – C are to be attempted separately.
v) Question numbers 1 to 3 in Section – A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one
word or in one sentence.
vi) Question numbers 4 to 6 in Section – A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about
30 words each.
vii) Question numbers 7 to 18 in Section – A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in
about 50 words each.
viii) Question numbers 19 to 24 in Section – A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in
about 70 words each.
ix) Question numbers 25 to 33 in Section – B are multiple choice questions based on practical skills. Each
question is a one mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four
provided to you.
x) Question numbers 34 to 36 in Section – B are two marks questions based on practical skills. These
are to be answered in about 30 words each.
xi) Question number 37 from Section – C is based on Open Text themes and is of 10 marks.
SECTION – A
1. Four samples of water [H2O] are collected from different sources. Each sample on
analysis was found to contain same percentage of oxygen. Which law of chemical
combination is demonstrated by the above observation?
(1)
2. Mention the criterion for classification of organisms as belonging to Monera or
Protista.
(1)
3. State two main factors on which life on earth depends.
(1)
4. Name the pathogens which can cause acne and sleeping sickness.
(2)
5. What do you understand by 1 Pascal and 1 Newton?
(2)
6. Define longitudinal waves and write two examples.
(2)
(10)
7. On the basis of the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the samples given
below find :
a)
The Cation
b)
The pair of isobars
c)
The pair of isotopes
Also give reasons in each case.
Sample
Protons Neutrons Electrons
A
19
20
16
B
18
19
18
C
17
20
17
D
17
17
17
8. An atom contains 3 protons, 3 electrons and 4 neutrons. Find its atomic number,
mass number and valency?
(3)
9. Sodium is represented as
Na
(3)
23
11
a)
What is its atomic mass?
b)
Write its gram atomic mass.
c)
How many atoms of Na will be there in 11.5 g of the sample?
10. In Seema’s locality some cases of Dengue were reported. She got in touch with her
RWA (Resident Welfare Association) office and told them to request the residents to
take the following precautions :
(3)
a)
They should not allow water to stagnate.
b)
They should clean the coolers every week.
c)
The pot for keeping the water for birds should be cleaned daily and refilled.
Some of the resident objected and accused Seema of trying to cause unnecessary
inconvenience to all.
Do you think Seema was right in approaching the RWA?
What difference would have been made in the life of the residents by Seema’s
request?
If you were in her locality would you have followed and done what all she
said?
11. State any three differences between cryptogamae and phanerogamae.
(3)
12. A car is moving on a levelled road and gets its velocity doubled. In this process :
(3)
a)
how would the potential energy of the car change?
b)
how would the kinetic energy of the car change?
13. A body of mass 3 kg is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 20 m/s
what will be its potential energy at the end of 2s? (take g = 10 m/s2)
(3)
(11)
14. A man drops a 10 kg rock from the top of a 20 m ladder. What will be its kinetic
energy when it reaches the ground? What will be its speed just before it hits the
ground? (take g = 10 m/s2)
(3)
15. A labourer whose own mass is 50 kg carries a load of an additional 60 kg on his head
to the top of a building 15 m high. Find the total work done by him. Also find the
work done by him if he carries another additional block of mass 10 kg to the same
height. (take g = 10 m/s2)
(3)
16. With reference to sound what do you mean by frequency, wavelength and echo? (3)
17. a)
b)
What makes the biosphere a stable system?
What happens when the components of the biosphere interact with each
other?
(3)
18. How are clouds formed?
19. a)
(3)
Compare the models of an atom suggested by J.J. Thomson and E. Rutherford.
(5)
b)
Why could Rutherford’s model not explain stability of an atom?
c)
Give two important features of Neil Bohr’s model of an atom.
20. ‘Over crowded and poorly ventilated housing is a major factor in the spread of
airborne diseases’. Explain the statement and support your answer with diagram
also.
(5)
21. Assign appropriate class/phylum/division to the following :
a)
Salamander
b)
Flying lizard
c)
Ostrich
d)
Bat
e)
Herdmania
f)
Wuchereria
g)
Ulva
h)
Marchentia
i)
Marselia
j)
Ipomea
22. Define density. Give its mathematical form.
(5)
(5)
Define relative density. Give its unit.
A solid weighs 80 g in air, 68 g in water and 60 g in oil. Calculate the relative density
of oil and solid.
23. a)
b)
Define 1 KWh.
(5)
How is the power related to the speed at which an object is lifted?
c)
If an electric iron of 1600 W is used for 45 minutes everyday, find the electric
energy consumed in the month of March.
24. How are clouds formed? List any three human activities that you think would lead to
air pollution and briefly explain each of them.
(5)
(12)
SECTION – B
25. The velocity of a sound wave, which covers a distance of 8.1 m in 0.3 s is :
a)
27 m/s
b)
2.7 m/s
c)
2.43 m/s
d)
24.3 m/s
(1)
26. Khushi is wearing high heel shoes, she balances on a single heel. The heel is circular
with a radius of 0.5 cm. Her mass is 55Kg. The pressure exerted by the heel on the
horizontal floor is :
(1)
a)
700 × 104 Pa
b)
500 × 104 Pa
c)
450 × 104 Pa
d)
250 × 104 Pa
27. Apparatus needed to find speed of pulse through slinky is :
a)
slinky only
b)
measuring scale and stopwatch only
c)
stopwatch only
d)
stopwatch, slinky and measuring scale.
(1)
28. A student identified a specimen as mushroom. The basis on which he has identified
this is :
(1)
a)
umbrella shaped with chlorophyll.
b)
umbrella shaped without chlorophyll.
c)
it has root, stem and leaf.
d)
it has capsule at its tip.
29. Laws of conservation of mass holds true and can be verified :
a)
Only for precipitation reaction carried in open system
b)
Only for precipitation reaction carried in closed system
c)
For all types of chemical reaction carried in open system
(1)
30. Which of the following combinations can a student select to prove the law of
conservation of mass?
(1)
a)
Na2SO4 (s) and BaCl2(s)
b)
BaCl2(aq) and Na2SO4(s)
c)
Na2SO4(aq) and BaCl2 (aq)
d)
BaCl2(s) and Na2SO4(aq)
31. Reticulate venation is seen in :
(1)
a)
Maize
b)
Grass
c)
Pea
d)
Onion
32. Anshu identified that the following is characteristic shown by a dicotyledonous plant :
(1)
a)
fibrous root system
b)
pentamerous flower
c)
trimerous flower
d)
parallel venation
(13)
33. The stage in the life cycle of mosquito in which the organism is very active and
requires a lot of food is :
(1)
a)
Pupa
b)
Larva
c)
Adult
d)
Egg
34. Why it is easier to swim in sea water as compared to fresh water? Give two reasons.
(2)
35. What do you understood by relative density of a material and give its SI unit?
(2)
36. State any two ways by which earthworm’s body is adapted to live in soil.
(2)
SECTION – C
(*Please ensure that open text of the given theme is supplied with this question paper)
37. Theme-I (Clean Air-A shared Concern): (5+5)
a)
Mention three biological systems in children that are affected due to polluted
air. Identify from the picture of the text that in which age group of
children/adolescent the maximum is (a) respiratory death and (b) asthmatic
attack.
b)
The issues and concerns related to availability of clean air for survival are
becoming a great challenge for everyone. How do the gaseous and particulate
pollutants affect the visibility during winters?
(10)
*************
(14)
2/2013-14/SA-2/MATHS/ CL-IX
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT – II (2013 – 2014)
CLASS IX
MATHEMATICS
Time : 3 – 3½ hrs.
M.M. : 100
General instructions:
i) All questions are compulsory.
ii) The question paper consists of 32 questions divided into five sections A, B, C, D and E.
Section – A comprises of 4 questions of 1 mark each,
Section – B comprises of 6 questions of 2 marks each,
Section – C comprises of 10 questions of 3 marks each and Section-D comprises of 11 questions of 4
marks each.
Section – E comprises of one question from Open Text theme of 10 marks.
iii) There is no overall choice in this question paper.
iv) Use of calculator is not permitted.
Section – A
Question number 1to 4 carry 1 mark each
1. Write the equation of the line parallel to X axis at a distance 3 units above the X axis.
2. AD is the median of∆ ABC. Find the area of ∆ ADC if area of ∆ ABC= 52 cm 2. Give
reason.
3. The mode of the data 4, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 8, 17 and x is 4, then find the value of x.
4. Three cubes each of 4 cm are joined end to end, then find the volume of the resulting
cuboid.
SECTION – B
Question numbers 5 to 10 carry two marks each
5. Write equations of two lines passing through (5, 7). How many more such lines are
there?
6. The circumference of the base of a cone is 22cm and height is 12cm, find its volume.
7. The class marks of a distribution are 35, 41, 47, and 53. Find :
a)
class size
b)
class limits
8. Two coins are tossed simultaneously 120 times. The following outcomes are
obtained:
a)
1 head = 25times
c)
no head = 40 times
b)
2 heads = 55 times
Then find the probability of each event.
(15)
9. Find the value of ‘m’ if ( m, 3) is a solution of equation 4 x + 9 y – 3= 0.
10. The mean of 6 numbers is 20. If one number is deleted then their mean is 15.
Find the deleted number.
SECTION – C
Question numbers 11 to 20 carry three marks each
11. In a cylinder the sum of its base radius and its height is 37 cm. If the total
surface area is 1628 cm2, then find the volume of the cylinder.
12. Volumes of two spheres are in the ratio 64 : 27. Find their radii if the sum of
their radii is 42 cm.
13. Using scale and compass, construct a ∆ ABC in which BC =6 cm,
B =60°, C = 30°.
Also measure A and name the type of triangle.
14. Draw the graph of the equation 3x + 2y = 12. Also find the coordinate of
points where the graph cuts the X axis and Y axis.
15. PQRS is a parallelogram in which X and Y are midpoints of PQ and RS. SX and
PY are joined which intersect each other at A. QY and RX are joined which
intersect each other at B. Show that AXBY is a parallelogram.
P
X
Q
A
S
Y
R
16. A tyre manufacturing company kept a record of the distance covered before a tyre
needed to be replaced. The table shows the results of 1000 cases.
Distance in km
Less than 4000
4000 to 9000
9001 to 14000
More than 14000
Frequency
20
210
325
445
If you buy a tyre of this company, what is the probability that :
a)
it will need to be replaced before it has covered 4000 km?
b)
it will last more than 9000 km?
c)
it will need to be replaced after it has covered somewhere between 4000 km
and 14000 km?
17. In the given figure, AB is the chord of the circle with center O. AB is produced to C
such that BC = OB, CO is joined and produced to meet the circle in D. If ACD = y and
AOD = x, prove that x = 3y.
(16)
A
B
C
D
O
18. Coins of same size are placed one above the other and a cylindrical solid block is
formed. The volume of this block is 49.28 cm3. Diameter of each coin is 2.8 cm and
thickness 0.2 cm. Find the number of coins arranged in the block.
22
7
19. ABCD is a rectangle and P, Q, R and S are mid points of sides AB, BC, CD and AD
respectively. Show that PQRS is a rhombus.
20. Prove that a cyclic parallelogram is a rectangle.
SECTION – D
Question numbers 21 to 31 carry four marks each
21. Represent the mark of the students given below by a frequency polygon :
Marks obtained
No. of students
100 -120
7
120 -140
10
140 -160
14
160 -180
8
180 -200
6
200 -220
5
22. Bengal sweets stall has two types of boxes for packing their sweets. A cubical box
having edge 9cm and another cuboidal box having length 12.5cm, breadth 10cm and
height 8cm. A customer wants to purchase a box full of sweets. The shopkeeper gives
the sweets in cuboidal box instead of cubical box.
a)
Find the volume of both the boxes.
b)
Which box has minimum volume?
c)
By choosing cuboidal box, which value is depicted by the shop keeper?
23. Solve the equation 2x + 1= x-3 and represent the solution on :
a)
number line
b)
the Cartesian plane
24. A lending library has a fixed charge for the first three days and an additional charge
for each day thereafter. Sarita paid Rs. 12 for a book kept for five days. Form a linear
(17)
equation by taking fixed charge as Rs x and the charge for each extra day as Rs y.
Also find two solutions of the equation.
25. Prove that angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by
it at any point in the remaining part of the circle.
26. In a ∆ABC, E is the midpoint of median AD. Show that ar(BED) = ¼ ar (ABC)
27. If two intersecting chords of a circle make equal angles with the diameter
passing through their point of intersection, prove that the chords are equal.
D
A
O
C
B
28. A dome of a building is in the form of a hemisphere. From inside it was white-washed
at the cost of Rs. 498.96. If the cost of the whitewashing is Rs. 2 per m2, find the
following :
a)
Inside surface area of the dome
b)
Volume of the air inside the dome
29. The number of creative students of six classes in a school are 21, 16, 24, x, 29 and 15.
If their arithmetic mean is 23, find the value of ‘x’. Also find its median.
30. ABCD is a parallelogram in which E and F are the midpoints of the sides AB and CD
respectively. Prove that the line segments CE and AF trisect the diagonal BD.
31. Construct ∆ABC in which BC= 6 cm,
Also measure AB and AC.
B =60° and the sum of other two sides is 9 cm.
SECTION – E
32. THEME – II (Adventure Camp) [2+2+3+3 = 10]
a)
Principal gave some advice to the students before departing from the school.
What was the advice?
b)
If one person is chosen at random from the group of teachers and students of
camp, then find the probability that :
i)
he is Dr. Sharma, Principal
ii)
he is a student of class IX E
c)
On reaching the camp, students were given welcome drink in hemispherical
cups. If the cups were filled till brim, then find the total quantity required in
litres for serving all the students and teachers.
d)
Find the area of canvas required for making all the tents. Also find the cost of
canvas at the rate of Rs. 120 per m2.
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