Annual
A
Reportt 2011
Klif
K in
n Internatio
onal Coop
peration
TA
A
289
98
2012
2011 in brief
The present report concentrates on a particular part of our international work: geographically
targeted environmental cooperation. This cooperation is usually bilateral, but we also work in
larger regions through multilateral forums such as the Arctic Council. We mainly collaborate
with environmental agencies in other countries on transfer of our long experience and
competence as an authority. Thus we contribute towards to meeting local and national, and in
some cases regional or global, environmental challenges. Some of the issues we have been
working with are regulation, compliance monitoring, environmental information and
environmental technology.
For 2011, our focus areas for bilateral international cooperation have been: a) Developing
countries and countries with economies in transition, particularly in countries where Norway
has environmental Memorandums of Understanding and in countries under the Norwegian
programme Oil for Development, b) the ‘new’ EU member states covered by the European
Economic Area (EEA) and Norway Grants schemes, and c) the High North and Russia.
Under the Sino-Norwegian Competence Building Project (CBP) training courses were carried
out as planned in 2011. Klif has also contributed to drafting a project proposal on Urban
Atmospheric Multi-Pollutant Prevention and Control in China. In addition Klif has had
dialouge with China regarding project collaboration on climate changes issues. An agreement
was accordingly entered into through the United Nations Development Programme in Beijing.
Klif has been assigned a key role in this project on the Norwegian side.
In 2011 Klif’s involvement in implementing the programme Oil for Development (OfD)
continued to expand as our work moved from the planning stage into the implementation
phase in two more countries, Ghana and Timor Leste. The OfD programme is coordinated by
the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad). Also, some measures of
limited assistance were provided to Cuba, Nicaragua, Mozambique, Bolivia, and Sudan while
the contribution to the development of proposals for more long term cooperation agreements
continued for Mozambique and Sudan and were initiated for Bolivia and Tanzania. The
cooperation program with Vietnam was brought to a successful completion.
The EEA and Norway Grants are funds aimed at reducing social and economic disparities in
the 12 newest EU members, and Greece, Portugal and Spain. An emphasized objective for the
new edition of the Grants 2009-14 is strengthening of relations between the donors and
beneficiary states. The Climate and Pollution Agency has been appointed so called Donor
Programme Partner in five beneficiary states: in Lithuania and Latvia within climate change
related matters, in Estonia and Bulgaria on programmes on integrated marine and water
management and in Poland within a programme for improving environmental monitoring and
inspection.
The development in the Arctic Region is one of Norway’s strategic focus areas. Our priorities
are the Arctic Council, the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) and the bilateral
environmental cooperation with Russia. Under the Arctic Council we have been particularly
committed to contributing in the working groups: the Arctic Contaminants Action Programme
(ACAP), the Protection of the Artic Marine Environment (PAME) and the Arctic Monitoring
and Assessment Programme (AMAP). Moreover, we have been actively involved in two
subgroups under the Working group for the Environment (WGE) under Barents Euro-Arctic
Council (BEAC): the Subgroup on Cleaner Production and Sustainable Consumption
(CPESC) and the Subgroup on Hot Spots Elimination (SHE). The latter subgroup was
established in 2010. Integrated marine management is a key focus area under the bilateral
Norwegian-Russian cooperation. In addition, there are projects directed towards pollution
prevention and cleaner production and environmental monitoring in the border area between
Russia and Norway.
1 Cooperation with developing countries and countries with
economies in transition
1.1 Countries with Environmental Memorandums of Understanding with
Norway (MoU-countries)
1.1.1
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China
Capital: Beijing
Government: Single
party communist state
Divided into 28
provinces
Population: 1 338 613
000 (2009)
Area: 9 571 300 km2
Source: Store norske leksikon
Norway’s collaboration with China on environmental development
began in1996, following the signing of a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) in November 1995, which was renewed in
2008 by a Memorandum of Understanding between the Norway's
Ministry of Environment and China's Ministry of Environmental
Protection (MEP), and an MoU on Climate cooperation between the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and China's National
Development and Reform Commission.
Klif became a partner in the Sino-Norwegian environmental
collaboration in January 2005, when we entered into an institutional
collaboration with Zunyi Environmental Protection Bureau for
Capacity Building on Environmental Protection in Guizhou
province. The main focus of the institutional cooperation between
Zunyi EPB (ZEPB) and Klif was regulation and control of heavy
industry. The project introduced a new method for inspecting
polluting industry in order to improve the efficiency and qualitative
performance of ZEPB. The project was completed in 2008.
In 2007 Chinese environmental authorities expressed a wish to
disseminate and make use of the lessons learned from several SinoNorwegian projects in a wider context in China, also benefitting
other provinces. The idea of a capacity building set-up at national
level was launched, followed by discussions and exchange of
concept papers. In 2009 Norway and China agreed to collaborate on
"The Sino-Norwegian Competence Building Project on
Environmental Management (CBP)", with FECO and Klif as the
main implementing partners on the Chinese and Norwegian.
The Sino-Norwegian Competence Building Project on Environmental Management
(CBP) The project document was developed in 2008 by the Foreign Economic Cooperation
Office (FECO), under the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP). Five previous SinoNorwegian projects form the backdrop of the project:
a) Capacity Building in environmental Protection Bureaux in Guizhou Province (Klif and
ZEPB)
b) Environmental Sound Management of Co-processing of Hazardous and Industrial
Waste in Cement Kilns (SINTEF and Chinese Research Academy of Environmental
Sciences).
c) IImprovemeent of Biodiv
versity in D
Dongting Laake, Hunan Province,
P
thhrough Goo
od
G
Governancee, Capacity Building annd Awareneess Raising (The Directtorate for Nature
N
M
Managemennt (DN) and
d Hunan Ennvironmentaal Protection
n Bureau).
d) C
Capacity Buuilding of Xining
X
EPB on Environ
nmental Mo
onitoring annd Pollution Control
iin the Huannghui River Basin, Qingghai Provin
nce (the Norrwegian Inst
stitute for Water
W
R
Research (N
NIVA) and Xining Envvironmentall Protection Bureau).
e) M
Mercury Poollution in China
C
– Metthod Develo
opment and Case Studyy in Guizho
ou
P
Province (N
NIVA and Tsinghua
T
Unniversity).
FECO ccoordinates the work off the Chinesse institutio
ons. Klif coo
ordinates the
he project on
n the
No
orwegian sidde. The aim
m of the
Pro
oject is to esstablish a trraining
and
d knowledgge exchangee
plaatform cover
ering policy systems
and
d approachees based on
exp
periences gaained throug
gh the
meentioned Sinno-Norwegiian
coo
operation prrojects.
CBP Kickk-off, Beijing, Photo
P
Erik Forb
berg, Klif
The total budgget for the project
p
is
NO
OK 29 861 3304, of which NOK
21 654 204 is a grant from
m
orway. Klif’’s part of thee grant
No
is NOK
N
3 124 720. The project
willl be compleeted in 2013
3.
The proj
oject at a glaance:
Goal: C
China’s capaacity of envvironmental protection is improved
d at nationaal and local levels
and the bilateral ennvironmenta
al cooperattion between
n China and
d Norway iss further enh
hanced
.
Purposee: A platform
m for dissem
mination off the environ
nmental management dderived thro
ough the
Sino-Noorwegian Ennvironmenta
al Cooperaation progra
amme is esta
ablished andd training is
provideed.
Outputss:
1) A meechanism forr effective communicat
c
tion and info
formation diisseminationn that will provide
p
practicaal and technnical supporrt to the prooject is established
2) A plaatform for exxchange off environmenntal manageement optio
ons is establlished and
discussiions take place
3) A couurse on air pollution
p
an
nd climate cchange is esstablished and
a trainingg is provided
d
4) A couurse on bioddiversity an
nd water is eestablished and training is provideed
5) A couurse on hazaardous subsstances is esstablished and
a training
g is provideed
6) A plaatform for exxchange off informationn on environ
nmental tecchnology is eestablished
d.
Togetheer with the Environmen
E
ntal Protectiion Bureau in the Guizhou provincce (GEPB) and the
Zunyi E
Environmenntal Protectio
on Bureau ((ZEPB), Klif has been responsiblee fpr training
g
activitiees and coursses on Inspeections and data handling. The cou
urse consistts of the traiining
modules: 1) Strengthening the coordination of environmental inspection and monitoring, and
strengthening the environmental law enforcement; 2) an effective approach to inspections
and; 3) reporting and quality assurance of data.
SINTEF is, together with Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES),
responsible for courses on co-processing in the cement industry. DN, together with Hunan
Environmental Protection Bureau (HEPB) and Hunan sector authorities, are responsible for
courses on sector integration in relation to biodiversity. NIVA and the Xining EPB are
responsible for a course on ‘Use of monitoring data and total discharge control’. In addition
NIVA, together with the Tsinghua University and the Institute of Geochemistry, is also
responsible for training activities on Mercury Management.
Key activities and results in 2011:
 Training courses have successfully been carried out for all the thematic areas of the
project. Klif conducted trainings on "Strengthening the coordination of environmental
inspection and monitoring, and strengthening the environmental law enforcement"
and "Reporting and quality assurance of data" in Zhongsan city, Guangdong Province
in May. 43 participants from 25 provincial and city EPBs participated in the training.
 In December 2011 training on "An effective approach to inspections" was carried out
in Hefei City, Anhui Province. This training was arranged back to back with training
organized by the Ministry of the Environment in China (MEP), and attended by about
40 representatives from regional environmental inspection centres and regional and
city EPBs.
 In December a delegation from Klif visited China to share experience and knowledge
on Best Available Technologies (BAT) and experiences and practices with
implementing BAT in the permitting system in Norway.
 It was not possible to arrange high level activities under the information exchange
platform of the project in 2011, partly due to the political situation.
Project development: Urban Atmospheric Multi-Pollutant Prevention and Control in
China
In 2011 the Norwegian Embassy in Beijing entered into an Agreement with the Ministry of
Commerce of China (MOFCOM), regarding the development of a project proposal on
prevention and control of air pollution in China. FECO is responsible for coordinating the
preparation of the proposal, while Klif and the China Academy of Environmental Planning
(CAEP) provide the technical inputs.
The project aims at proposing means to address complex air pollution problems in a uniform
manner. At the same time, the project will take into account the increasingly relevant issue of
choosing solutions that follow the policy of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. The
proposal will be finalised early 2012 and will subsequently be submitted to environmental
authorities in China and to the Norwegian Embassy for review and approval.
Dialogue between China and Norway on possible collaboration in the areas of Climate
Change
China and Norway have agreed to collaborate on issues regarding Climate Change and
agreements were accordingly entered into through UNDP in December 2011. The project will
be implemented under the overall guidance of NDRC, with Sino Carbon Innovation
Investment, Tsinghua University and the Energy Research Institute of NDRC as the main
technical partners on the Chinese side. Klif will be the lead agency on the Norwegian side.
The implementation of the project will be facilitated by the UNDP office in China.
The project consists of two main components
1. Establishment of National Registry for Domestic Emissions Trading Scheme and
Voluntary Carbon Trading Emission Scheme
2. Provincial Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Capacity Building and Greenhouse
Gas Emissions Accounting Methodology for Enterprises of Key Industries
1.2 Oil for Development (OfD)
The Oil for Development (OfD) initiative aims at assisting developing countries with
hydrocarbon resources in their efforts to achieve economically, environmentally and socially
responsible management of petroleum resources which safeguards the needs of future
generations. It represents a thematic broadening of the petroleum sector development
assistance that Norway has provided since the early 1980s. The initiative was established in
2005 and offers assistance in 3 distinct thematic areas, namely resource management,
environmental management and revenue management, and unites the efforts of a number of
different Norwegian governmental institutions, representing diverse experience and expertise.
The work under OfD is governed by the OfD Steering Committee which is chaired by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and with representatives of the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy,
the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Environment. The Steering Committee gives
strategic directions, guidelines and priorities for the program and decides on candidate OfD
countries.
A secretariat (The Oil for Development Secretariat) which is a part of the Department for
Economic Development, Energy, Gender and Governance at the Norwegian Agency for
Development Cooperation (Norad) is responsible for coordination and implementation of the
initiative and for quality control.
The Norwegian embassies play an important role in formalizing and following up OfD
agreements with the individual OfD countries. They have valuable local and regional
knowledge and network extensively with government agencies, industry, civil society as well
as international organizations and other donors in their respective countries. Requests for OfD
assistance are usually channelled through the embassies, and embassy staff may provide
advice on proposals for cooperation. The respective ministries of the steering committee are
responsible for the professional content of the initiative.
In addition to Klif, the key implementing agencies are the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
(NPD), and the Directorate for Nature Management (DN). The Petrad foundation
(International programme for petroleum management and administration), the Petroleum
Safety Authority (PSA) and the Norwegian Coastal Administration also play important roles
in the program.
Klif is currently giving priority to institutional cooperation with the so-termed core countries
in the OfD Programme. Additionally, Klif is involved on minor commissions in other OfDcountries on a case by case basis. We also contribute to the annual Petrad eight-week courses
and to select Petrad regional seminars.
1.2.1
Ghana
Brief history of the Oil for Development Programme
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Capital: Accra
Government: Constitutional
Democracy
Population: 23 832 500
(2009)
Language: English
Area: 238 537 km2
Source: Store norske leksikon
In 2007, Ghana, through the state-owned oil and gas company
Ghana National Petroleum Corporation (GNPC), applied for
assistance from the Oil for Development programme. In early
2008, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for cooperation
within the programme was signed by Ghana and Norway.
In 2008, Norway assisted Ghana in the development of its
petroleum policy and a master plan for developing the sector,
followed by technical assistance in evaluation of the
development plan and the development of a unitization
agreement for the Jubilee Field. In addition, assistance was
provided on reviewing the Jubilee Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment.
In 2009, marine environmental surveys of offshore sea bottom
sediments and water columns were carried out. Assistance was
provided for an application to the UN on extension of the
continental shelf. Additionally, assistance on development of
petroleum legislation and management of petroleum data were
initiated.
Cooperation agreements and institutional agreements between
the relevant Ghanaian and Norwegian counterparts for a new
five-year programme within resource management and
environmental management were signed in December 2010.
The Programme: ‘Strengthening Environmental Management of the Oil and Gas Sector in
Ghana’
The main reference for the environmental part of the OfD programme in Ghana has been the
National Energy Policy, more specifically the goal ‘to ensure that energy is produced and
utilised in an environmentally sound manner’ and the commitment to ‘manage Ghana’s oil
and gas resource endowment to ensure the sustainability of the reserves and of the
environment.’
The programme is also meant to reflect provisions regarding environmental management in
the Constitution of the 4th Republic (1993), the National Environment Policy (1991), the
National Environmental Action Plan (1991) and the Environmental Protection Agency Act
(1994).
The Programme at a glance
The overarching goal of the ‘Strengthening Environmental Management of the Oil and Gas
Sector in Ghana’ programme is to contribute to ensuring that energy is produced and
utilised in an environmentally sound manner and that Ghana’s oil and gas resource
endowment is managed to ensure the sustainability of the reserves and of the environment.
Purpose: More specifically, the Programme intends to contribute to developing institutional
arrangements and capacities for a well-coordinated and results-oriented environmental
management and HSE management in the oil and gas sector.
The Programme consists of 12 components, some of which have two or more planned
outputs:
• Policy, legal and institutional framework
• Environment data, monitoring and information system
• Environmental Assessment/Integrated Management Planning
• Spatial and Land Use Planning and Coastal Zone Management
• Standards, regulations and permitting
• Compliance monitoring and enforcement
• Waste Management
• Community issues, including co-existence of oil and gas industry with fisheries and
other traditional industries
• Health and Safety
• Risk Assessment and Emergency Response
• Regional Cooperation
• Programme management
Key activities and results in 2011:
 Klif acted as coordinator for the program partners on the Norwegian side of the
cooperation
 Klif provided input regarding the scope of work for an Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) commissioned by Ghana National Petroleum Corporation for the
development of gas transportation and processing infrastructure.
 Klif provided comments on draft EIA guidelines developed by EPA-Ghana
 Klif organized a high level visit by EPA-Ghana to the Norwegian Climate and
Pollution Agency (Klif).
 Klif provided input regarding environmental permitting, compliance monitoring,
hazardous waste regulations and the national oil spill contingency plan for Ghana.
1.2.2
Uganda
Brief history of the Oil for Development Programme
Norway has assisted Uganda in building up its petroleum sector
since the 1980s.
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Capital: Kampala
Government: Democratic
republic
Population: 32 369 600
(2009)
Language: English,
Swahili
Area: 241 040 km2
A three-year cooperation programme “Strengthening the State
Petroleum Administration of the upstream sector in Uganda” was
completed in 2009.
Agreements for a new five-year programme “Strengthening the
management of the oil and gas sector in Uganda” was signed in
July 2009.
Institutional agreements covering resource management, revenue
management and environmental management, respectively, were
signed in 2010.
Source: Store norske leksikon
Institutional Cooperation on ‘Strengthening the Management of the Oil and Gas Sector
in Uganda – Environmental Pillar’
Environmental management in Uganda is aimed at achieving National Objectives and
Directive Principles of State Policy that promote sustainable development and public
awareness of the need to manage land, air and water resources in a balanced and sustainable
manner for the present and future generations.
This is enshrined in The 1995 Constitution
of the Republic of Uganda.Environmental
concerns related to oil exploration and
development are largely regulated through
the National Environment Act and related
regulations that prohibit degradation of the
natural environment and promote the
protection of biological diversity.
The extensive overlap between ecologically
sensitive and biodiversity rich areas and the
occurrence of exploitable hydrocarbons in
the Albertine Graben poses a particular
challenge for oil exploration and
development in Uganda.
Capped oil well in the Kabwoya wildlife reserve on
the eastern shore of Lake Albert (Photo: André
Kammerud, Klif)
The Environmental Pillar at a glance:
Programme goal: Oil and gas resources used in an (economic, social and
environmentally) sustainable manner [for prosperity] to meet the needs of present and
future generations.
Programme purpose: Institutional arrangements and capacities in place ensuring wellcoordinated and results oriented Resource management, Revenue management,
Environmental management and HSE management in the oil and gas sector.
Outputs:
1) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for the Albertine Graben conducted and
results widely disseminated.
2) Capacity development programs developed and implemented in all relevant
institutions, for areas identified as relevant/critical to the oil/gas sector (based on
capacity needs assessment).
3) Environmental and biodiversity related policies reviewed with respect to oil and gas
(incl biodiversity off-sets), and presented for approval.
4) Existing Acts reviewed, recommendations drafted and presented for approval
5) Management plans for protected areas, and relevant sector plans for the AG, reviewed
and updated taking the oil and gas issues into consideration
6) An environmental monitoring system for the AG, with clear and agreed indicators, is
established.
7) Environmental regulations and standards relevant to the oil/gas sector developed and
existing acts reviewed and amendments drafted and presented for approval.
8) Hazardous waste management system strengthened.
9) Framework for compliance monitoring and enforcement of the oil and gas industry
strengthened (incl. the issue of payment from industry).
10) National oil spill contingency mechanism in place and operationalised.
Key activities and results in 2011
 Klif provided support to NEMA in procuring an international consultant for
undertaking an environmental risk assessment (ERA) concerning potential oil spills
in the Albertine Graben area of Uganda
 Klif provided input to a study trip by a top management group from Ugandan
environmental institutions visiting Norway for an introduction to Norwegian
experience in environmental governance of the petroleum sector
 Klif hosted a visit by representatives of Ugandan environmental authorities to study
Norwegian frameworks for hazardous waste management and compliance
monitoring in the oil and gas industry
 Klif participated in a field mission of oil and gas exploration activities in the
Albertine Graben area and collected drilling waste samples which were
subsequently analysed in a certifies laboratory in Norway
1.2.3
Vietnam
Brief history of the Oil for Development Programme
Norway has supported the development of management
systems on health, safety and environment (HSE) in the
Vietnamese petroleum industry since 1996.
The recipient of the Norwegian support has been Petrovietnam
(PVN), the national oil company.
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Capital: Hanoi
Government: Single party
communist state
Divided into 58 provinces
Population: 86 967 500
(2009) Language:
Vietnamese
Area: 329 566 km2
The programme has been implemented in three subsequent
phases. Phase 1 focused mainly on the legal framework. Phase
2 emphasized the development of an HSE management system
in Petrovietnam and its subsidiaries. The main purpose of phase
3 was to ensure implementation of the HSE management
system developed in the first two phases of the programme.
The Norwegian institutional partners in the implementation of
the programme have been the Climate and Pollution Agency
(Klif), Petroleum Safety Authority Norway (PSA), the
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) as well as the
Norwegian Coastal Administration (NCA). The programme
will be evaluated in 2012.
Source: Store norske leksikon
The Project at a glance:
Goal: To establish a sustainable and efficient management of health, safety and environment
in the Vietnamese oil and gas industry, so that the risk of personnel injury, major accidents
and environmental damage is minimised.
Objectives:
1) Implementation of PetroVietnam’s recently developed policy and corporate requirements
for HSE-management
2) Further development of PetroVietnam’s HSE corporate management systems, tools and
practices, including its HSE objectives, strategies and plans.
3) Developing targeted HSE-training activities to support PetroVietnam’s systems
developments by means of competency and capacity building.
Forwarding the implementation and incorporation of PetroVietnam’s corporate HSEmanagement system into the development of appropriate HSE-management systems in
PetroVietnam’s subsidiaries.
Key activities and results in 2011
 All activities involving the Norwegian partners were completed in 2010. The
seventh and final Steering Committee Meeting was hosted by Klif in Oslo 14-15
June 2011. In conjunction with the SCM 7 we organised a miniseminar on the
project with participation from former project members, the Ministry for the
Environment, the Norwegian Coastal Administration, Norad and the University of
Oslo.
 Klif contributed to an experience transfer conference held in Da Nang in Vietnam
in November 2011. The main objective of the conference was to sum up the results
after 15 years of cooperation and to ensure that lessons learned from the project
were disseminated outside the project participants. The conference brought
together the main stakeholders in the programme, the petroleum industry and
representatives from Vietnamese authorities. The conference marked the formal
closure of the Oil for Development programme in Vietnam.
 The law firm Arntzen de Besche was commissioned by Norad to evaluate the 15
year long cooperation. Arntzen de Besche presented their evaluation report in 2012
and concluded that the implementation of and the results from the project have
been remarkably good. More about the evaluation:
http://www.norad.no/no/aktuelt/nyheter/forbilledlig-oljeforvaltningsprosjekt-ivietnam
1.2.4
T
Timor Lestte
Brief histoory of the Oil
O for Deveelopment P
Programmee
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Capiital: Dili
Goveernment: Repuublic
Popuulation: 1 117 834
(2010)
Langguage: Tetum,, Portugese
Areaa: 15007 km2
An agreem
ment for an Oil
O for Deveelopment prrogramme
concerningg support in developing
g the energyy sector (Phaase 1)
was signedd in Februarry 2003.
The instituutional cooperation contract betweeen the Norw
wegian
Petroleum Directoratee (NPD) and
d the Ministtry of Devellopment
and Enviroonment was signed in September
S
thhe same yeaar.
In 2006, thhe programm
me was expaanded to incclude suppo
ort to the
public petrroleum finan
nce sector.
A program
mme agreem
ment for a neew phase off cooperation
n
between N
Norway and Timor-Lestte was signeed in May 2008.
2
The phase 2 programm
me includes support wiithin resourcce,
environmennt and reven
nue manageement.
Source: W
Wikipedia.orgg
The Prooject at a gllance:
Goal: too assist Timorr-Leste to ma
anage petrolleum activitiees in such a way
w that the petroleum sector
ddelivers the greatest
g
posssible benefit to the peoplee of Timor-L
Leste.
Purposee: The Purpose of the Pro
ogramme is tto increase competence and
a capacity in Timor-Leeste such
tthat the publlic sector can
n manage alll petroleum activities,
a
speecifically in ttechnical, leg
gal, and
H
Health, Safety and Envirronment (HSE
E) compliancce, and reven
nue managem
ment.
Objectivves:(Enviroonmental Pillar)
•
•
•
B
Build a profe
fessional secttion to handlle environmeental matters related to thhe petroleum
m industry
D
Develop Tim
morese capaccity in Strateggic Environm
mental Assessments, Enviironmental Impact
I
A
Assessments,, and Emerg
gency responsse Plans
E
Establish a Metadatabas
M
se for environnmental info
ormation
Key acttivities and
d results in 2011
 Kliff provided in
nput to detaailing of a suub-program
m for 2011-2
2012 on envvironmental
mannagement off oil and gass activities
 Kliff participate
ed in a work
kshop on eneergy producction and en
nvironmentaal regulation
n
orgaanized by SE
EMA/DNM
MA in Dili inn March 20
011
 Kliff organized training wo
orkshops in environmen
ntal manageement of pet
etroleum acttivities
for tthe oil and gas
g core teaam at DNMA
A
1.2.5
Other Oil for Development activities in 2011:
Beyond activities taking place under existing institutional cooperation agreements, Klif
in 2011 carried out a number of other activities under the Oil for Development initiative:
 Klif participated in delegation visit to Bolivia to discuss future cooperation, including
in dealing with sites contaminated by petroleum production activities. As a part of the
visit the delegation went to different sites with abandoned oil and gas wells to get a
better picture of the pollution problem around these wells.
 Klif participated in delegation visits to Mozambique to discuss future cooperation and
in a workshop on compliance monitoring organized in March 2011. In September
2011, Klif sent a mission of IT experts to discuss assistance in developing a database
for storing, updating, accessing and disseminating data and information on specific oil
and gas projects
 Klif participated in a delegation visit to Tanzania to discuss future cooperation
regarding environmental governance matters
 Klif contributed to a HSE-seminar and a subsequent seminar on environmental
permitting and compliance monitoring in Khartoum regarding the oil and gas industry
in Sudan
 Klif participated in a delegation visit to Ecuador, including a field visit to the Sacha oil
field outside Coca in the Amazon area which is contaminated by oil production
activities
 Klif contributed to a HSE-workshop in Managua, Nicaragua
 Klif contributed to a HSE seminar in Havanna, Cuba
 Klif contributed to the 8-week course on petroleum sector governance organized by
the Petrad foundation
1.2.6
The Framework Agreement with the Norwegian Agency for Development
Cooperation (Norad)
The Norwegian Environmental Authorities, i.e. the Directorate for Cultural Heritage (RA),
the Directorate for Nature Management (DN), the Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre
Authority (SK) and the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (KLIF) have a joint
Framework Agreement with Norad. The agreement was signed on 27 September 2005 and
allows the Norwegian Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Norad to draw upon the expertise of
the Norwegian Environmental Authorities in relation to development cooperation activities.
Prior to the existing agreement KLIF had a similar bilateral agreement with Norad.
2 Cooperation in Europe
2.1 EEA and Norway Grants
The two grant schemes, EEA and Norway Grants, are Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway’s
contribution to reducing social and economic disparities in Europe and at the same time
strengthening bilateral relations between the donors and beneficiary states. The EEA Grants
are funded jointly by Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, while the Norway Grants are solely
funded by Norway. Over the five year period 2004 to 2009 the three donor states made
available €1.3 billion in project support for the 12 newest EU member states, and Greece,
Portugal and Spain.
Within the new period 2009-14 of the EEA and Norway Grants Iceland, Liechtenstein and
Norway will make available a total of € 1.8 billion to programmes and projects in the same 15
beneficiary states in Central and Southern Europe as was the case for the previous period.
The EEA part of the grants amounts to € 1 billion and covers all the 15 beneficiary states, the
Norwegian part makes € 0,8 billion available for the 12 newest EU member states. Norway
provides 97 per cent of the total allocation.
As before, the support aims at reducing economic and social disparities in these countries. In
addition, strengthening of bilateral relations between the donors and beneficiary states is a key
objective.
Environmental protection, climate change issues and renewable energy are among a total of
32 priority sectors for the cooperation. An indicative allocation target for each beneficiary
state is that at least 30% of its total allocation shall be allocated to environment, climate
change and renewable energy.
2.2. Cooperation under the EEA and Norway Grants 2009-2014
The new granting period introduces a programme approach instead of funding project by
project. Through multi-annual programmes the aim is to ensure a greater and more sustainable
impact trough a more targeted support. Norwegian entities are appointed Donor Programme
Partners within explicit Programme Partnerships and their role is to act as advisers during
development and implementation of the relevant programmes. Based on the established
programmes grants will be awarded to some pre-defined projects covering inter alia
institutional partnerships between entities from donor states and beneficiary states together
with calls for proposals which will be organised by the respective Programme Operator of the
beneficiary states. Klif's competence and experience in different areas are expected to make
added value for achieving the specific outcomes within each individual programme and
project.
Negotiations between the donor states and each individual beneficiary state on how the
funding should be implemented started late 2010 and by the end of 2011 Memoranda of
Understanding have been concluded with 13 countries.
So far the Climate and Pollution Agency has been appointed Donor Programme Partner in
five beneficiary states:
• Lithuania within a programme area covering capacity-building among central,
regional and local authorities. More specifically Klif will cooperate with the
Lithuanian Ministry of Environment within a pre-defined project on improving the
country's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory.
• Latvia within a programme to support the country in developing a comprehensive
national policy regarding mitigation of emissions and adapting to climate change,
including proposal for a pre-defined project: "Development of a National System for
GHG Emission Inventory, Climate Change Projections and Adaptation Strategies"
• Estonia within a programme on integrated marine and water management to achieve
good environmental status in European marine and inland waters
• Poland within a programme for improving environmental monitoring and inspection,
including a pre-defined project "Monitoring the effects of Project PL0100 'Improving
the efficiency of Polish Environmental Inspection, based on Norwegian experience"
• Bulgaria within a programme on integrated marine and water management to achieve
an overall goal of good environmental status in European marine and inland waters
Based on information available by end 2011 it is likely that Klif will enter into programme
partnership also with Romania (the MoU process is still on-going). The programme area
seems to be "Reduction of Hazardous Substances" with an objective to prevent injury and
adverse environmental effects caused by chemicals and hazardous waste.
2.2.1
Lithuania
The Project at a glance:
Memorandum of Understanding (Norway Grants) in
force as of April 6 2011.
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Capital: Vilnius
Government: Parliamentary republic
EU Accession: 1 May 2004
Population: 3 545 300 (2010)
Language: Lithuanian
Area: 312 683 km2
Programme: LT10 – "Capacity‐Building and
Institutional Cooperation between Beneficiary State
and Norwegian Public Institutions, Local and
Regional Authorities"
•
•
Programme Operator: Lithuania Ministry of
the Interior
Donor Programme Partners: Klif together
with Norwegian Association of Local and
Regional Authorities (KS) and National
Police Directorate, Norway (POD) covering
different parts of the programme
Programme grant: € 8 000 000
Source: Store norske leksikon
Pre-defined project agreed in the MoU:
“Cooperation on a climate‐change inventory”
• Project Promoter: Lithuanian Ministry of
Environment
• Norwegian Project Partner: Klif
A process of developing a programme proposal has been carried out during summer and
autumn 2011.
A number of meetings have been held between Klif, the Programme Operator and the Project
Promoter. A Cooperation Committee for the programme was established in December in
order to assist the elaboration process. At the first meeting, the Rules of Procedure for the
committee was approved.
According to expectations a programme proposal will be submitted to the Financial
Mechanism Office in Brussels by early 2012 for appraisal and subsequent approval by the
donor (Norway).
2.2.2
Latvia
The Project at a glance:
Memorandum of Understanding (EEA Grants) in
force as of June 9 2011.
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Capital: Riga
Government: Parliamentary republic
EU Accession: 1 May 2004 (2010)
Population: 2 218 000
Language: Latvian
Area: 64 600 km2
Programme: LV02 - “National Climate Policy”
• Programme Operator: Latvian Ministry of
Environmental Protection and Regional
Development (MEPRD)
• Donor Programme Partner: Klif
Expected outcomes:
• Developed strategies and measures for
adapting to a changing climate
• A less carbon‐dependent economy
• Improved capacity at national, regional and
local level to undertake energy efficiency
measures
• Improved environmental information on
impact, status and trends
Programme grants: € 10 365 000
Source: Store norske leksikon
Proposed pre-defined project: "Development of a
National System for GHG Emission Inventory,
Climate Change Projections and Adaptation
Strategies"
• Project Promoter: Latvian Ministry of
Environmental Protection and Regional
Development (MEPRD)
• Norwegian Project Partner: Klif (in
cooperation with Directorate for Civil
Protection and Emergency Planning)
Main focus: The Programme aims to support Latvia in developing a comprehensive national
climate policy covering the non‐ETS sector as regards emissions, and all sectors as regards
adaptation. The Programme will encompass systems for collection, storage, quality assurance
and dissemination of environmental data related to climate change; modeling tools; policy
development measures and instruments; capacity building; and awareness raising and
education
Following the signing of the MoU a developing programme process has been carried out
during the second half of 2011. The aim has been to submit by February 2012 a programme
proposal for appraisal and adoption by the donors. From Norway also the Directorate for Civil
Protection and Emergency Planning (DSB) has taken part in the work in accordance with its
responsibility for climate adaptation issues. The Cooperation Committee for the programme
was established in October and Rules of Procedure has been approved. The committee has
been a useful discussion forum for the developing process.
In parallel to the programme development a more detailed discussion on a proposal for å predefined project has taken place – this project will be a part of the programme proposal. Klif
and DSB have been the Norwegian parties in this process; since the project is meant to cover
both mitigation and adaptation aspects of climate change policies. DSB is supposed to be subcontractor to Klif in the implementation phase of both the programme and the pre-defined
project.
A Latvian delegation visited Oslo in October which offered a good opportunity to inform
about Klif’s areas of responsibility, competence and experience of relevance for the
cooperation to follow. The delegation also visited the Ministry of the Environment.
2.2.3
Estonia
The Project at a glance:
Memorandum of Understanding (EEA Grants) in
force as of June 11 2011.
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Capital: Tallinn
Government: Parliamentary republic
EU Accession: 1 May 2004
Population: 1 291 200 (2010)
Language: Estonian
Area: 45 226 km2
Source: Store norske leksikon
Programme: EE02 – "Integrated Marine and Inland
Water Management"
• Programme Operator: Estonian Ministry of
the Environment
• Donor Programme Partner: Klif
Objective: Good environmental status in European
marine and inland waters
Expected outcomes:
• Established environmental targets and
management plans for marine and inland
waters
• Increased awareness of and education in
integrated marine and inland water
management
• Improved environmental information on
impact, status and trends
• Developed strategies and measures for
adapting to a changing climate
Programme grant: € 6 900 000
Specific concerns: The Programme shall include
assessment of and measures in the Baltic Sea related
to biological diversity, ecosystem services and
pollution from ships, including assessing the
feasibility of LNG as an alternative fuel.
Klif’s first contacts with the future Estonian programme partner, the Ministry of the
Environment, was established at an expert meeting on 31 March 2011 in Tallinn. Following
the signing of the MoU, a follow-up dialog was established to start the process of programme
development. A stakeholder consultation took place on 13 October in Tallinn which
introduced the EEA Grants and discussed possible objectives, outcomes and outputs to be
included within the programme.
The Cooperation Committee for the programme was established in September and the Rules
of Procedure for the committee has been approved. Four committee meetings have taken
place during autumn. The meetings have been a very significant and efficient arena for
discussing the programme development. The aim has been to submit by February 2012 a
programme proposal for appraisal and adoption by the donors.
2.2.4 Poland
The Project at a glance:
Memorandum of Understanding (EEA Grants) in
force as of June 18 2011.
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Capital: Warsaw
Government: Parliamentary republic
EU Accession: 1 May 2004
Divided into 16 ‘voivodships’
Population: 38,2 million (2010)
Language: Polish
Area: 312 683 km2
Programme: PL03 - “Improving Environmental
Monitoring and Inspection”
• Programme Operator: Polish Ministry of the
Environment with support from the National
Fund for Environmental Protection and
Water Management
• Donor Programme Partner: Klif
Outcomes:
• Strengthened capacity of environmental
authorities in relation to integrated planning
and control
• Improved environmental information on
impact, status and trends
• Increased awareness of and education in
environmental monitoring and integrated
planning and control
Programme grant: € 15 000 000
Source: Store norske leksikon
Pre-defined project agreed in the MoU: “Monitoring
of the implementation of the project PL100
‘Increase of the efficiency of the Chief Inspectorate
for Environmental Protection (GIOŚ) activity on the
ground of the Norwegian Experiences“
• Project Promoter: Chief Inspectorate for
Environmental Protection (GIOŚ)
• Norwegian Project Partner: Klif
According to the MoU the programme will contain also three additional pre-defined projects
with two different Norwegian project partners - Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
and Norwegian Mapping Authority (SK).
An expert meeting took place with the future Polish Programme Partners, Ministry of the
Environment (MoE) and National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water
Management, on 23 February 2011 in Warsaw.
Following signing of the MoU, Klif initiated an active dialogue in line with our DPP role to
start the programme elaboration. From end of October on the programme preparations entered
into an active process with an aim to submit a programme proposal by end February 2012 for
appraisal and adoption by the donors.
Initiatives to establish the Cooperation Committee for the programme was launched during
December 2011.
Preparations of the pre-defined project on environmental inspections, where Klif is to be a
project partner to the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection (GIOŚ), has been
carried out in a fruitful and efficient manner, inter alia by a meeting with involved staff from
both Klif and GIOŚ on 18 August 2011in Warsaw. Close relations and good experience from
project cooperation during the previous phase of the EEA Grants made this process fairly
easy. During the programme preparation process Klif has kept close contacts with the other
Norwegian partners involved in the pre-defined projects agreed in the MoU.
2.2.5
Bulgaria
The Project at a glance:
Memorandum of Understanding (EEA Grants) in
force as of June 28 2011.
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Capital: Sofia
Government: Parliamentary republic
EU Accession: 1 January 2007
Population: 7 148 800 (2010)
Language: Bulgarian
Area: 110 994 km2
Programme: BG02 – "Integrated Marine and Inland
Water Management"
• Programme Operator: Bulgarin Ministry of
Environment and Water (MoEW)
• Donor Programme Partner: Klif
Objective: Good environmental status in European
marine and inland waters
Programme grant: € 8 000 000
Specific concern: The Programme should also
include Black Sea initiatives
Source: Store norske leksikon
The process of preparing the programme proposal started with a visit of the Programme
Operator, Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW), to Klif on 14 October 2011.
Following internal Bulgarian preparations, Klif participated at a stakeholder workshop on 25
November 2011 in Sofia where discussions on priority needs and possible outcomes of the
programme took place.
A first draft programme proposal was received in December followed by e-mail exchange of
comments and additional input from Klif’s side.
Good working relations have been established with the Directorate for Nature Management
(DN) which is DPP with MoEW on programme area "Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services".
Both institutions have been participating in the meetings with MoEW in Oslo and Sofia. The
intention has been to submit a programme proposal by end February 2012 for appraisal and
adoption by the donors.
Preparations for establishing the Cooperation Committee for the programme were made
during November and December 2011.
2.2.6
Romania
The project at a glance:
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Capital: Bucharest
Government: Unitary semipresidential republic
EU Accession: 1 January 2007
Divided into 41 counties
grouped into 8 development
regions
Population: 21 498 616 (2009
estimate)
Language: Romanian
Area: 238 391 km2
Source: Store norske leksikon
Objective: To improve conditions for eco-innovation in
Romania, as a result of knowledge and experience transfer
from Norway to Romania. The project will set the national
infrastructure to support eco-innovation and to promote
emerging eco-technologies and eco-procurement practices in
Romania.
Results:
1) overview of the Romanian market for environmental
technologies (market study) and identification of methods
and tools for its development in Romania;
2) criteria definition for environmental technologies;
3) criteria definition for eco-innovative organisations;
4) national web platform for information & technology
transfer (databases, case studies);
5) at least 200 Romanian innovative companies and R&D
entities trained on technology transfer and best practices on
eco-innovation;
6) increased number of companies applying for financial
mechanisms to support eco-innovative activities
(technology testing, technology development and
promotion) as a result of the Regional Workshops on ecoinnovation;
7) 200 producers, retailers and the scientific community
informed about the eco- criteria for 9 categories of
products, services and works;
8) approximately 400 public procurers trained on GPP issues
in all eight regions of Romania;
9) a new improved GPP monitoring scheme that will be part
of the future GPP National Action Plan (20132020);increased awareness on GPP/sustainable
consumption as a result of the green consumption media
campaign.
Environmental management has been one of the priorities for the Romanian government in
view of EU accession. Several decades of industrial development left Romania with a legacy
of environmental challenges: ensuring a reliable and clean water supply for both domestic and
commercial uses throughout the country; controlling air pollution; reducing greenhouse
emissions; managing the country’s natural resources and conserving biodiversity; and
providing a reliable supply of energy for both domestic and commercial issues, while
promoting energy conservation.
Development of Emerging Ecological Markets in Romania - EcoEmerge
The implementation of the project has set the framework for sustainable production and
consumption in Romania, acting on two policy pillars: Environmental Technologies Action
Plan (ETAP) and Green Public Procurement (GPP). This joint approach has aimed at
enhancing connectivity between eco-innovation (through sustainable production) and
procurement – sustainable consumption, thus creating an integrated framework for the
emergence of ‘green’ Romanian markets.
The project consisted of two major components, one addressing eco-innovation in the private
sector and the use of environmental technologies (EcoTechnoNet) and the other focusing on
eco-innovation in the public sector, through green public procurement (Green Procura).
Nevertheless, the results of these two components have been strongly interlinked and
provided input for future national policies in the fields of sustainable consumption and
production.
The successful implementation of the project also aimed at a growing interest on green
products and services from both public administration and individual consumers, which will
lead to a greater demand for environmental
technologies, thus enabling the emergence of a
green, sustainable market in Romania. A moderate
increase has been noted; however it is still too early
to appreciate any long term results.
The project has been implemented by the Ministries
of Environment from Romania and Norway. The
input of the ministries has been underpinned by four
associated Romanian and Norwegian partners having
expertise in the field of eco-innovation, technology
transfer and green public procurement: the Bucharest Chamber of Commerce and Industry
(CCIB), the Management Agency for Scientific Research, Innovation and Technology
Transfer (AMCSIT Politehnica), the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (Klif) and the
Agency for Public Management and eGovernment (Difi).
Kick-off seminar in Bucarest 22 September 2009
(Photo: Monica Popa, Innovation Norway)
The Norwegian Ministry of the Environment has delegated the responsibility for the followup of the component on Environmental Techology and the project coordination to Klif.
However, Klif’s role is minor; most of the activities have been carried out by the Romanian
partner or consultants. The total budget for the project is EUR 1 919 083.
Due to a moratorium on public expenses issued from the Romanian Prime Minister's Office in
April 2010, all public spending was suspended for more than six months. By a mistake, this
was also interpreted as relevant for the use of the Norway Grants awarded to public agencies.
Innovation Norway was able to solve the issue with Rumanian authorities, but it resulted in a
substantial delay in the implementation of all projects under the Norway Grants.
In practical terms, it meant that the eight workshops on environmental technology and seven
on green procurement that had not already taken place before the moratorium was enforced
had to be merged into six broader workshops. The Romanian partner showed great flexibility
and ingenuity in finding solutions that enabled completion of the project before the deadline
for project spending at the end of May 2011.
For the new EEA Grants edition 2009–2014 Klif is also to enter into a programme partnership
with Romania (the Memorandum of Understanding process is still on-going). The
programme area seems to be "Reduction of Harmful Substances" with an objective to prevent
injury and adverse environmental effects caused by chemicals and hazardous waste.
Key activities and results in 2011:
 The Romanian partner organised six workshops on environmental technology in
various sectors such as food industry, textiles and flooding. Norwegian
participation was either irrelevant or not possible due to time constraints.
 The project also organised six workshops on Green Public Procurement back to
back with the environmental technology workshops.
 The closing conference was organised in Bucharest 31 May-1 June 2011. The
conference summed up the results of the project incl. presentations of the website
http://www.achizitiiecologice.ro/ on Green Public Procurement. National and local
authorities, industry and NGOs participated in the closing conference.
3 The High North
3.1 The bilateral Norwegian-Russian environmental cooperation
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Capital: Moscow
Government: Federal semipresidential republic
Population: 142 008 838
(2008 estimate)
Language: Russian, 27
semi-official languages
Area: 17 075 400 km2
The bilateral Norwegian-Russian environmental cooperation
celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2008. The first governmental
agreement on environmental cooperation was signed between
Norway and the Soviet Union in 1988, and renewed with Russia
in 1992. Geographically, the cooperation is limited to the
Barents region and the sea off the region.
The aim is to contribute to the reduction and prevention of
pollution, development and implementation of better solutions to
common environmental challenges, development of competence
in management and business, and to promote Russian
participation in international environmental cooperation,
conventions and agreements.
The Joint Norwegian-Russian Commission on Cooperation in
the field of Environmental Protection is headed at the political
level by the Norwegian Ministry of Environment and the
Russian Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology. The
Commission meets once a year. The main purpose of the
meetings is to determine the strategic focus of the cooperation,
and to decide on a two year work-program for the project
cooperation.
Source: Store norske leksikon
In 2011, Klif received funding for nine Klif-led projects and seven projects performed by
external partners. Regretfully, the funding was granted late which in turn led to a very limited
timeframe for implementation of the projects. This, combined with somewhat limited capacity
on both sides, resulted in proposed postponement of several activities from 2011 to 2012.
We also contributed actively to projects managed by other institutions such as the project
Environmental Status for the Barents Sea (HAV-1) and Environmental Technology in the
Petroleum Sector (HAV-11 b).
Protection of the marine environment (HAV)
Joint State of the Barents Sea Report/Web portal (HAV-2)
Klif is responsible for coordinating the update of the information on pollution and human
activities in the Joint Norwegian-Russian State of the Barents Sea Report on the web portal
www.barentsportal.com. We planned for a workshop in Arkhangelsk in November 2011, but
this had to be postponed to 2012 due to time and resource constraints.
Seminar on safety and environmental risk assessments (HAV-7 and 8)
At the annual meeting of the Marine Management Group under the Environmental
Commission in Oslo in April 2011, it was decided to merge the projects on risk assessment
HAV-7 (safety) and HAV-8 (environment). We planned for a workshop in St. Petersburg in
November 2011, but this had to be postponed to 2012 due to time and resource constraints.
Marine monitoring post oil spills (HAV-13)
The aim of the project has been to establish a common understanding of the processes in the
marine and coastal environment that enables natural restoration after oil spills. Most of the
work was done in 2010 with completion of the analysis in 2011. The final report was
submitted from Akvaplan Niva to Klif in March 2011.
Reduction of pollution – Cleaner production (FOR)
Reduction of pollution in the Arkhangelsk Region (REPAIR) (FOR-3)
The project has contributed towards a more sustainable system for collection and treatment of
waste in the Arkhangelsk Region. Most activities involving the Norwegian partners were
completed in 2010. The Russian partner reported in October 2011 of institutional changes that
would delay the completion of the project, but that we could expect the final report early in
2012. Klif would like to use the experiences of this project in further cooperation on waste in
the Russian Federation.
Reduction of PCB contamination (FOR-6)
The project was cancelled when Klif's project manager left Klif. It was not possible to find a
replacement project manager within the limited timeframe for implementation in 2011.
Facilities for destruction of Hazardous Waste (FOR-6)
The aim of the project is to map existing facilities for destruction of hazardous waste in the
Barents and Baltic regions. The mapping will be done by a consultant, and the tendering
preparations were performed in 2011.
Water and drainage in Kenozero national park (FOR-4 –Work programme 2009-2010)
NEFCO signed a contract with Pletetsk in Arkhangelsk oblast 30th September 2008. The
objective was to finalize the project on the building of a water and waste water infrastructure
in Kenozero national park by 31th October 2009. The project has been profoundly delayed.
However, in September 2011, Klif attended the formal opening of the infrastructure. There
are still some outstanding issues as the Russian partners have chosen a different technical
solution than agreed.
Border district cooperation (DGS)
Monitoring of air quality in the border district of Finnmark (DGS-2)
The long-term monitoring of SO2 and heavy metals in Karpdalen and Svanvik continued in
2011. The monitoring periods are April to October and November to March. Klif receives
reports from NILU, which is our implementing partner, twice a year as agreed. The
Norwegian-Russian expert group on monitoring in the border areas, which was established in
2010, met twice in 2011: in Murmansk in March and at Svanhovd in December. The group
has discussed and will continue to discuss both strategic and technical issues related to the
monitoring in the border area.
Other (DIV)
We have given financial support to the participation of two Russian delegates to one meeting
under the task force on emissions under the Convention on Long Range Transboundary
Pollution (LRTAP).
The projects coordinated by Klif, but performed by external partners included Cleaner
Production as a tool for hot spot elimination (Tekna and Norsk Energi), Riverine input of
pollutants (NIVA), Improvement of production and use of compost (Bioforsk) and
Environmental Management in small and medium enterprises (County Governor of
Nordland).
3.2 The Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC)
The Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) is the forum for intergovernmental cooperation in
the Barents Region. BEAC was established in 1993 to support and promote regional
cooperation in the northernmost parts of Sweden, Norway, Finland and north-west Russia
covering large unaffected areas but also some highly
contaminated areas.
The primary goal of BEAC is to promote sustainable
economic and social development in the Barents
Region and thus contribute to peaceful development in
the northernmost part of Europe.
The BEAC has established a number of Working Groups and Task Forces to deepen
cooperation on issues relevant to the Barents Region. The cooperation comprise of
environmental issues and sustainable development as well as economic issues, customs
cooperation, youth policy, infrastructure and transport, education and research, health and
social issues, rescue cooperation, energy, culture, tourism and communication.
The Working Group on Environment (WGE) is one of several working groups under BEAC.
Klif is actively involved in the work of the WGE in close cooperation with the Norwegian
Ministry of the Environment.
The 42 hot spots identified in the Barents region is an important issue for the WGE. An adhoc Task Force was established to elaborate Procedures and Criteria on Excluding Hot Spots
from the AMAP/NEFCO hot spot list of 2003. The task force was re-established as a
subgroup during the WGE-meeting in Petrozavodsk in November 2010.
Klif participates actively in the Subgroup on Cleaner Production and Environmentally Sound
Consumption and the Ad Hoc Task Force, now the Subgroup on Hot Spots Elimination
(SHE). In 2011, SHE processed three applications for exclusion for submission to the WGE.
All three applications were approved by the WGE and endorsed by the Environmental
Ministers at their biannual meeting in Umeå in November. 39 out of the 42 hotspots remain.
3.3 The Arcticc Council
The Arcctic is an ennormous areea, sprawlingg over one sixth of the earth's landdmass; more than
30 milliion km2 andd twenty-fou
ur time zonnes. It has a population of about fou
our million,
includinng over thirtty different indigenouss peoples an
nd dozens off languages . The Arcticc is a
region oof vast naturral resourcees and a veryy clean env
vironment co
ompared wiith most areeas of
the world, howeverr, affected by
b long rangge transportted pollutan
nts.
Based oon the Arcticc environmental coopeeration that started in 19
991, The Otttawa Declaaration
of 1996 formally esstablished the Arctic C
Council as a high level intergovern
i
nmental foru
um to
provide a means foor promoting
g cooperatioon, coordinaation and in
nteraction am
mong the Arctic
A
States, w
with the invvolvement of
o the Arcticc Indigenou
us communitties and othher Arctic
inhabitaants on com
mmon Arcticc issues, in pparticular isssues of susttainable devvelopment and
a
environnmental prottection in th
he Arctic.
Member
M
Staates of the Arctic
A
Counccil are Canaada, Denmaark
(including G
Greenland an
nd the Faroe Islands), FFinland, Iceeland,
Norway,
N
Ruussian Federration, Swed
den, and thee United Staates of
America.
A
In addittion to the Member
M
Staates, the Arcctic Councill has the cattegories of PPermanent
Particippants and Observers
O
. The
T categoryy of Perman
nent Particip
pants is opeen equally to Arctic
organizaations of Inndigenous peeoples withh a majority of Arctic In
ndigenous cconstituency
y. This
principlle applies too all meeting
gs and activvities of the Arctic Cou
uncil. Appliccation for Observer
O
status inn the Arctic Council is a matter off approval of Non-arcticc states, inteer-governm
mental
and inteer-parliamenntary organiizations, gloobal and reg
gional and non-governm
n
mental
organizaation.
The worrk under thee Arctic Council is connducted und
der six Work
king Groupss. Klif is inv
volved
in three of these: Arctic
A
Contaaminants Acction Prograamme (ACA
AP), Arctic Monitoring
g and
ment Prograamme (AMA
AP) and Prootection of the
t Arctic Marine
M
Enviironment (P
PAME)
Assessm
A
Proggramme (A
ACAP)
3.3.1 Arrctic Contaaminants Action
The objective of ACAP is to in
ncrease effoorts to limit and reducee emissions of pollutants into
the enviironment annd promote internationaal cooperatiion. The AC
CAP Workinng Group (W
WG)
had twoo meetings in
i 2011: onee in Washinngton DC, USA,
U
in Marrch, and onee in Helsink
ki,
Finlandd, in Septem
mber 2011. The
T work off ACAP hass been divid
ded into Prooject Steering
Groupss (PSG) thaat work to deevelop dem
monstration projects
p
on different poollutants (m
mercury,
obsoletee pesticides etc.) with the
t aim to reeduce the em
mission in the
t Arctic. T
The PSGs report on
their ressults to the ACAP
A
WG.
Mercurry (Hg PSG
G): The worrk of the Meercury projeect steering group is chhaired by US
SA, with
Russia aas vice chaiir. Norway (Klif)
(
is parrticipating in
n the PSG. The group iis developin
ng
projectss that focus on mercury
y emissions from non-fferrous metaals smelters in the Russsian
Federatiion, industrrial and smaall-scale golld mining in
n the Russiaan Federatioon, Russian coalfired poower plant and
a on wastee managem
ment. Norway
y has had a bilateral coo-operation on the
collectioon of Mercuury containiing waste w
with Archangelsk region
n. This bilatteral project was
finalized in 2010 and Klif has been keeping the ACAP PSG on Mercury updated on the
results from this co-operation.
PCB PSG (work on hold): The work of the project steering group on PCB started in 1996
and was co-chaired by USA, Russia and Nordic Environment Finance Corporation (NEFCO).
Norway (Klif) was participating in the PSG. The PSG was put on hold in 2007 due to lack of
progress in obtaining capacity for environmentally-sound destruction of PCB in Russia. The
PSG has focused on identifying and quantifying the most important sources of PCBs in
North-West Russia and has developed proposals for remedial actions to handle the PCB
problem in Russia.
Dioxins and Furans PSG: The work in the project steering group on Dioxins and Furans is
chaired by Sweden. The objective is to identify and quantify the most important sources of
dioxins and furans in north-western Russia in order to help eliminate or reduce the emissions.
Norway (Klif) is participating in the PSG. The project has prepared an emission inventory in
Russia and prepared a priority list of dioxin sources. The project has delivered
recommendations for actions, based on their findings. Four demonstration projects have been
identified as possible proto-types for demonstrating measures that other industries could also
implement to reduce the emissions of dioxins and furans and Sweden is in dialogue with one
of them, the Vorkota cement plant, in order to find ways to develop a demonstration project.
The group had no meetings in 2011.
Brominated flame retardants (BFR PSG - closed): The work of the ACAP BFR project
steering group was closed in the end of 2010. The BFR PSG was chaired by Norway (Klif)
from its start in 2004 until the end of 2010. The PSG has developed an inventory of BFR
sources in the Arctic countries and recommendations on management strategies (2007).
Obsolete Pesticides (OP PSG): The work of the obsolete pesticides project steering group
started in 2001 and is chaired by Finland. Around 6300 tonnes of obsolete and prohibited
pesticides, from 10 Russian regions impacting the Arctic, have so far been inventoried and
repackaged, waiting for environmentally-sound destruction. The project has also contributed
to spin-off effects attracting Russian funding and similar repackaging activities in other
regions of Russia.
The phase III of the project is to demonstrate environmentally sound destruction of 100
tonnes of obsolete pesticides. So far no facilities for environmentally-sound destruction of
obsolete pesticides have been identified in Russia. The PSG will continue to explore the
possibilities of environmentally-sound destruction of pesticides in Russia. The project had one
meeting in 2011. The meeting was held in November in Kraznoyarsk, Russia and was
combined with a site inspection of the work on repackaging and safe storage of obsolete
pesticides in Krasnoyarsk Krai.
Integrated Hazardous Waste Management Strategy (IHWMS PSG): The work of the
ACAP IHWMS PSG is chaired by Russia, co-chaired by USA and Norway. . As co-chair of
this PSG Norway has taken an active role in finalizing the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the
work of the PSG.The ToR was approved by the ACAP WG in their meeting in Oslo in
September 2010 and later put forward for the Senior Arctic Officials for their information in
October 2010 The group had no meetings in 2011.
Indigenous Peoples Contaminants Action Program (IPCAP PSG): This PSG was initiated
in 2010 to focus on contaminants in areas where indigenous peoples live. A Terms of
Reference (ToR) for the work has been developed and the scope of work is circumpolar. The
ToR was approved by the ACAP WG in their meeting in Oslo in September 2010 and was
later put forward to the Senior Arctic Officials for their information in October 2010. The
group had one working meeting in 2011, in Luleå, Sweden.
Short Lived Climate Forcers and Contaminants (SLCFC PSG): A new PSG was
developed under ACAP in 2010 to focus on short lived climate forcers and contaminants.
USA chairs the group with Norway, Russia and Sweden as vice chairs. The reduction of black
carbon emissions is in focus but also other short lived climate forcers will be relevant to look
at.
The work will be of circumpolar nature and Terms of Reference (ToR) for the work has been
developed. The ToR was approved by the ACAP WG in their meeting in Oslo in September
2010 and was later put forward to the Senior Arctic Officials for their information in October
2010. The group had one meeting in 2011. The meeting was combined with a workshop in
Moscow in October 2011, hosted by USA.
3.3.2 Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)
The objective of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme is ‘providing reliable and
sufficient information on the status of, and threats to, the Arctic environment, and providing
scientific advice on actions to be taken in order to support Arctic governments in their efforts
to take remedial and preventive actions relating to contaminants'.
The main tasks for AMAP in 2011 have been:
AMAP Assessment 2010:
The AMAP Assessement "Pollution issues" 2010 focuses on
persistent organic pollutants, radio nuclides and human health,
Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA)
The "layman's report" from 2010 was followed by an extensive Science report, a DVD
containing three films about the findings in SWIPA, the Greenland Ice Sheet and the New
Arctic Reality for peoples living in the Arctic. A report aiming at the educational sector
"Climate Change in the Arctic – a Hot Topic" has also been produced and delivered in May
2012. The report is now available at www.amap.no. SWIPA-IT has been chaired by Denmark.
In order to report the findings from SWIPA and other AMAP projects a conference was held
in Copenhagen in May 2011 called "The Arctic as a Messenger for Global Processes –
Climate Change and Pollution".
Short-Lived (non-CO ) Drivers of Arctic Climate Change
2
Norway co-chairs the expert group on short-lived climate forcers with Klif as one of the
members. The group works on the follow-up guidance on possible measures that came out of
the conference in Norway on 2008, and is looking into possible projects.
The AMAP 2011 Report on the Impact of Black Carbon on Arctic Climate was printed in
2011. Pollution from domestic heating is one of the projects that Norway considers to work
with in 2012.
Monitoring of the Arctic (Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks (SAON)
Following the decision from the 2006 Arctic Council meeting, AMAP established a SAON
Initiating Group (SAON-IG), comprising 13 members including international partners that are
involved in research and monitoring of the Arctic. SAON has now been adopted as a joint
cooperation between the International Arctic Scientists Association (IASC) and Arctic
Council and its goal is ‘to achieve long-term Arctic-wide observing activities that provide
free, open and timely access to high quality data that will realise pan-Arctic and global valueadded services and provide societal benefits’.
The SAON Board was established in 2011 and Klif was represented in the first meeting in
Tromsø in January 2012. Norway has taken the lead in a project under the SAON umbrella:
"Establishing an Arctic network on environmental monitoring of hazardous substances"
Mercury in the Arctic 2011
Based on assessments in 1997 and 2002, an update of sources, transport, levels and fate of
Mercury in the Arctic has been compiled for publication: "AMAP 2011 Assessment of
Mercury in the Arctic". While some sources have reduced emissions, emissions from South
East Asia are still on the increase and thus the levels of mercury in the environment vary with
the transport of air masses.
The conclusions have been reported into the UN process on establishing a global agreement
of mercury. AMAP has in cooperation with UNEP Chemical taken an initiative to update the
world's emission of mercury to the environment in 2010 as a possible baseline for future
international agreements on mercury
Other key AMAP activities include:
• Arctic Report Cards – Yearly report together with NOAA on the developments in the
Arctic. http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard/index.html
• Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) for Environmental Monitoring – development of
international procedures and safety guidance for operations.
• Atmospheric monitoring network in Russia and Alaska
• AMAP Website
• AMAP Data handling
• International conference on
3.3.3 Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME)
The working group Protection of the Arctic Marine
Environment Working Group (PAME) was first established
under the 1991 Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy and
was continued by the 1996 Ottawa Charter that established the
Arctic Council.
PAME is the focal point of the Arctic Council's activities related to the protection and
sustainable use of the Arctic marine environment. It has a specific mandate to keep under
review the adequacy of global and regional legal, policy and other measures, and where
necessary to make recommendations for improvements that would support the Arctic
Council's Arctic Marine Strategic Plan (2004).In 2011, the responsibility as Head of
Delegation (HoD) was transferred back to the Ministry of the Environment from Klif.
The Norwegian activity in PAME was high in 2011 with two plenary meetings, including the
organisation of the first in Oslo 15-17 February 2011. The second plenary took place in
Reykjavik 21-23 September 2011. Klif is actively involved in the implementation of the
projects
Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA)
At the ministerial meeting in Tromsø in April 2009, the Ministers directed the SAOs to
identify appropriate follow-up actions to the recommendations in the Arctic Marine Shipping
Assessment (AMSA) 2009 Report. The follow-up activities have been under implementation
since then and Klif inter alia supports the Maritime Directorate in the follow-up of the
recommendations:
 AMSA I (B) Heavy Fuel Oil in the Arctic – phase II: full year shipping patterns for
use and transport of heavy fuel oil and mapping of measures to reduce the risk of
pollution from heavy fuel oil in the Arctic.
 AMSA (D) Specially Designated Arctic Marine Areas: exploration of the needs for
internationally designated areas in the Arctic.
In addition, we are involved in the AMSA II (C) Study of Areas Heightened Ecological and
Cultural Significance led by AMAP. The study provides the basis for AMSA II (D).
Ecosystem Approach
The 2004 Arctic Marine Strategic Plan (AMSP) refers to the Arctic Council commitment
towards an ecosystem approach to marine management. This is the basis for the work of
PAME's expert group on ecosystem-based management and large marine ecosystems (LMEs).
The overall objective of the work of the expert group is to develop our understanding of how
the ecosystem approach can be put to actual use in oceans assessments and management. The
key issue is to address the needs of those agencies which are responsible for the protection
and sustainable use of marine ecosystems.
The work on Ecosystem Approach within PAME is led by Norway and the United States. The
expert group liaises, as necessary, with other experts associated with the activities of other
Arctic Council Working Groups including AMAP, CAFF and SDWG, and draw on the
experience of other relevant forums. The EA expert group convened a workshop in Tromsø in
January 2011, and met again during a workshop on EA organised by IUCN back to back with
PAME II-2011 in Iceland in September 2011.
Arctic Marine Strategic Plan (AMSP)
Norway (Klif) and USA co-leads the work on the update of the 2004 Arctic Marine Strategic
Plan. A project outline and an updated project document were presented at the first and
second PAME plenaries in 2011. The work is expected to extent to the Ministerial Meeting in
2015.
Follow up on the 2009 Offshore Oil and Gas Guidelines
The US leads a survey on relevant legislation and practises. The results of the survey will be
presented through a web-based tool for information sharing.
Norway also co-leads the Arctic Ocean Review Project (AOR) together with Canada,
Iceland, Russia, and USA and a detailed project plan has been developed by the leads and
approved by PAME. The Ministry of the Environment represents Norway in the project
group. The project organised an international seminar in Reykjavík back-to-back with the
PAME II-2011 plenary.
4
Cooperation in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia
There has been limited activity in this area in 2011.
Klima- og forurensningsdirektoratet
Postboks 8100 Dep, 0032 Oslo
Besøksadresse: Strømsveien 96
Telefon: 22 57 34 00
Telefaks: 22 67 67 06
E-post: [email protected]
Internett: www.klif.no
Utførende institusjon
ISBN-nummer
Klima- og forurensningsdirektoratet
(Frivillig å bruke)
Oppdragstakers prosjektansvarlig
Kontaktperson i Klima- og
forurensningsdirektoratet
TA-nummer
2898/2012
André Kammerud
SPFO-nummer
Utgiver
År
Sidetall
2012
40
Klima- og
forurensningsdirektorat
ets kontraktnummer
Prosjektet er finansiert av
Klima- og forurensningsdirektoratet
Forfatter(e)
Internasjonal seksjon
Tittel - norsk og engelsk
Klifs internasjonale samarbeid
Klif in International Cooperation
Sammendrag – summary
An overview of Klif's geographically targeted environmental cooperation in 2011.
4 emneord
4 subject words
Internasjonalt samarbeid årsrapport 2011
International cooperation annual report 2011
Climate and Pollution Agency
P.O. Box 8100 Dep
N-0032 Oslo
Tel: +47 22 57 34 00
Fax: +47 22 67 67 06
E-mail: [email protected]
Internet: www.klif.no
Street address: Strømsveien 96, Helsfyr, Oslo
Climate and Pollution Agency
The Climate and Pollution Agency reports to the
Ministry of the Environment and has 325 employees,
based mainly in Oslo. We implement government policy
on pollution. We act as advisors, guardians and
stewards for the environment. Our most important fields
of work include climate change, chemicals, marine and
freshwater environment, waste management, air quality
and noise. Our vision is a future without pollution.
We are working to
•
reduce greenhouse gas emissions
•
reduce the spread of hazardous substances
harmful to health and the environment
•
achieve integrated and ecosystem-based
management of the marine and freshwater
environment
•
increase waste recovery and reduce
emissions from waste
•
reduce the harmful effects of air pollution and
noise
TA-2898 /2012