Chemistry Section 5 Chemical Bonding
Chemistry 5.7: Intermolecular Forces
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There are two types of bonds. Intramolecular bonds are the
bonds that hold the atoms in a molecule together.
Intermolecular bonds are the bonds that hold one molecule to
another molecule. In this illustration, the two atoms of
hydrogen are bonded to the oxygen atom in a polar covalent
bond, which is an i________ bond.
The prefix intra- means within or inside. The bonds that hold
the atoms in these molecules together are i__________
b______.
Covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds are all i________ b______.
Covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds are considered strong
i________ b______.
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The electronegative force that holds the atoms in a molecule
together are the i__________ forces of attraction.
Intermolecular bonds are the bonds that hold one molecule to
another molecule. The hydrogen bond in this illustration is an
i________ bond.
The prefix inter- means between or among. The bonds that
hold molecules together are i__________ b______.
Hydrogen, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole, and London dispersion
forces are all i________ bonds.
Hydrogen, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole, and London dispersion
forces are all weak i________ bonds.
2
The electronegative forces that hold the molecules together are
the i__________ forces of attraction.
A weak bond formed when the positive end of one molecule is
attracted to the negative end of another molecule, and is called
a dipole-dipole force. In this illustration the oxygen (O) atoms
in one molecule are attracted to the sulfur (S) atom of another
molecule by d______-d_______ forces.
Because of the weak bond, substances held together by dipoledipole f______ have a low melting point and low boiling point.
Molecules held together by polar covalent bonds are attracted
and held together by d______-d________ f________.
Because of the force of attraction between oppositely charged
particles, there is a small d_______-d_______ force of
attraction between these two HCl molecules.
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A dashed line is used to represent a d______-d_______ force
of attraction because these forces are not as strong as other
types of chemical bonds.
One type of intermolecular force, illustrated with a dashed line,
is the d______-d______ f______.
The prefix intra- means within or inside. The bonds that hold
the atoms in these molecules together are i__________
b______.
The prefix inter- means between or among. The bonds that
hold molecules together are i__________ b______.
The weakest type of intermolecular bond is called the induced
dipole bond. A molecule that distorts the valence electrons of
another molecule forms an i______ dipole bond.
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London dispersion force is another name for induced d_______
bonds.
Because random electrons can only affect a molecule for a tiny
fraction of a second, the i______ d______ b____ can only last
for a fraction of a second.
When one molecule briefly distorts the valence electrons of
another molecule it forms an induced d______ bond.
Because of the distortion of the valence electrons, a nonpolar
molecule becomes a temporary polar molecule and forms an
i_____ d_____ b____.
Because of the distortion of the valence electrons, a molecule
becomes a polar molecule and can form an i_____ d_____
bond.
REVIEW
The prefix intra- means within or inside. The bonds that hold
the atoms in molecules together are i__________ b______.
The prefix inter- means between or among. The bonds that
hold molecules together are i__________ b______.
Hydrogen, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole, and London dispersion
forces are all weak i________ bonds.
Molecules held together by polar covalent bonds are attracted
and held together by d______-d________ f________.
5
A molecule that distorts the valence electrons of another
molecule forms an i______ dipole bond.
Because random electrons can only affect a molecule for a tiny
fraction of a second, the i______ d______ b____ can only last
for a fraction of a second.
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