Semester III
Law of Torts
Module I: INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Definition, Nature and Scope of Law of Torts

Torts and Crime

Torts and Contract

Essential Elements of Law of Torts.

Pigeon Hole Theory

Relevancy of Motive in Law of Torts.
Module II: PARTIES

Capacity and Parties in Torts

Joint and Several Tort-feasors

Malfeasance, Misfeasance, Nonfeasance.
Module III: DEFENCES

Specific Defences

Volenti non fit injuria

Act of God (Vis major)

Inevitable Accident

Necessity

Private Defense

Novus actus interveniens

Statutory Authority

Judicial and Quasi-judicial Authority

Parental and Quasi-parental Authority.
Module IV: NUISANCE and NEGLIGENCE

Nuisance – Definition

Types of Nuisance: Private, Public and Statutory Nuisance

Essentials of Private Nuisance

Remedies

Defences.

Negligence – Definition

Elements of Negligence

Res Ipsa Loquitor

Contributory Negligence

Defences.
Module V: DEFAMATION and MALICIUOS PROSECUTION

Defamation – Introduction – Definition

Libel and Slander – Its Differences

Essentials of Defamation

Innuendo

Defences.

Malicious Prosecution

Essential Conditions

Distinction between Malicious Prosecution and False Imprisonment.
Module VI: LIABILITY

Strict Liability – Introduction

Rule in Ryland’s v. Fletcher

Dangerous thing

Escape of thing - Non-natural use of land

Exceptions - Its criticisms.

Absolute Liability – Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster Case.

Nervous Shock – Its Meaning and Principles – Conclusion.

Vicarious Liability – Introduction – Master and Servant – Doctrine of Common
Employment.

Vicarious Liability of State
Module VIII: TRESPASS

Trespass to Person

Assault

Battery – Mayhem

False Imprisonment.

Trespass to Land – Definition – Methods – Trespass abinitio – Remedies – Defences

Trespass to Goods – Definition – Essential Elements - Remedies.
Module IX: REMEDIES

Judicial Remedies

Damages – Types of Damages – Remoteness of Damages

Injunction – Specific Restitution – Constitutional Remedies.

Extra-judicial Remedies

Self-help – Expulsion of trespasser

Re-entry on Land – Recatpion of Goods – Distress damage feasant – Abatement.
Module XII:
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT, 1986

History and Development of Consumer Protection Laws in India

Object and Reasons of Consumer Protection Act, 1986

Definitions- Consumer Protection Councils

Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies

Suggestions for Improvement.