Preface to Hazelton International Project Manager`s Day Cases This

Preface to Hazelton International Project Manager’s Day Cases
This preface contains information about a video that can complement these cases,
information relevant to the two different uses of the cases, and a set of overheads
summarizing the decision-making exercise mode of use.
Banda Aceh, insurgents, and the tsunami: Although the case is still disguised, the
actual location in which the case takes place is Banda Aceh on the northern tip of
Sumatra. Banda Aceh has been in the media quite regularly because of the continuing
insurgency there. Most people probably did not pay any attention to events in this
region until the tsunami of December 26, 2004 devastated the area. As we watched
videos of the devastation and the main road in the area that was destroyed we were
probably seeing part of the highway that was being built in the case.
• Tsunami: A search on Google using only the words “Banda Aceh” will turn up many
pages of related stories and some amazing photographs.
• Insurgency: A search on Google using “Banda Aceh insurgency” still turns up
primarily stories about the tsunami but also some about the ongoing insurgency. One
story that gives a timeline up through 2002 is “Aceh: A timeline of insurgency,”
Thursday, November 14, 2002 (http://edition.cnn.com/2001/ WORLD/asiapcf/
southeast/08/17/aceh.timeline/ ).
Video: The video, Asian Insight: Indonesia, is particularly useful since the first 10–15
minutes provide an overview of the issue of Indonesia’s dilemma of diversity and
integration and a very brief history of the colonization of Indonesia, but particularly
important is the brief description of the colonization of Aceh. The video provides a
visual look at Aceh (well before the tsunami), which is important since most students
will not have been there, and it talks about the independence of the people in Aceh,
which is an important issue in the case.
The video was available from Film Australia, 101 Eton Road, Lindfield, NSW 2070,
Australia (telephone 61-2-413-8777, fax 61-2-416-5672, telex 22734). The product
number appears to be 28033/02. The entire video is 53 minutes long and covers many
regions of Indonesia. We are not sure if it is still available.
Different uses: You will notice that there are two teaching notes for these cases. We
have taught the cases both ways and both have worked exceptionally well. Recently we
have been favoring the decision-making mode of use. The important thing to understand
here is that the supplementary material that goes with each mode, although similar, is
different. The decision-making mode requires using the 20 items that are included in
the Ivey case “International Project Manager’s Day (D).” The Ivey cases entitled
“International Project Manager’s Day (A) and (B)” go with the original way we used
these cases, which is more an in-basket exercise. We believe the differences will be
clear when you read the teaching notes, but we wanted to alert you up front to this
important difference.
Hazelton International
Performance in international business is a function of:
1. Knowledge
(a) of your business and industry
(b) of the cultures you are operating in
2. Skills
(a) general management and interpersonal
(b) cross-cultural
Hazelton International highlights all these issues, as well as their interaction.
Separating Importance from Urgency: A Key Managerial Skill
Importance
High
Low
Urgency High
1 (1)
3 (2)
Low
2 (4)
4 (3)
Effective way to prioritize (and how we tend to prioritize).
Note: Order of prioritization is not necessarily the same as order of action taken.
Source: S. Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989).
Putting Knowledge and Skills Together: Hazelton International
Prioritization of In-Box Issues Overview of Experts’ Approach
Task more
Important than
Relationships
↑
↓
Relationships
more Important
than Task
Contribution to
Project Achievement
Task
Relationships
Direct and Major
1
2
Indirect but
Substantial
4
3
Some to Little
6
5
Putting Knowledge and Skills Together: Hazelton International
Prioritization of In-Box Issues Experts’ Analysis
Contribution to Project
Achievement
Life-threatening
Task
Relationships
5 (1), 6 (2)
Direct and Critical
7 (3)
Task more
Important than
Relationships
Direct and Major
14 (6), 17 (7)
↑
↓
Relationships Indirect but Substantial 15 (14), 20 (15), 9 (16)
more Important
than Task
Some to Little
13 (18), 1 (19)
11 (4), 4 (5)
16 (8), 2 (9)
10 (10), 12 (11), 3
(12), 18 (13)
8 (17)
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Dan Simpson, the new project manager, arrived in Maralinga late on March 28 with his spouse.
There was no chance for a briefing before he left. Head office personnel had said John
Anderson, the outgoing project manager, would fill Simpson in on all he needed to know. They
had also arranged for Simpson to meet people connected with the project in Kildona.
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