The Office of The Prince of Wales Clarence House London SW1A 1BA www.princeofwales.gov.uk 110604AR04-intro.indd ii 29/6/04 10:51:11 am HRH The Prince of Wales Annual Review 2004 110604AR04-intro.indd iii 29/6/04 10:51:13 am Cover picture caption, left. The Prince of Wales in India. 110604AR04-intro.indd iv Cover picture caption, middle. The Prince of Wales meets students of The Prince’s Drawing School during his visit to Smithfield Market, London. The Prince was viewing the work of the students who were making architectural sketches of the market. Cover picture caption, right. The Prince of Wales at Blackhaugh Farm, Scotland. 29/6/04 10:51:20 am Contents Part I First Annual Review Introduction Summary Engagements and Activities Future Developments Part II Supporting the Queen The United Kingdom Overseas The Armed Services Part III 30 30-32 33 33 Income, Expenditure and Staff Income & Expenditure Account Income and Funding Expenditure Staff Annual Visits Official Costs Corporate Social Responsibility Appendix Core Organisations Acknowledgements 110604AR04-intro.indd 1 13 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-23 24-25 26-27 28-29 Promoting and Protecting Acting as a Catalyst Rural Communities The Church of England and Ethnic Minorities Tourism Part V 08 08-11 12 Charitable Entrepreneur £100m Raised for charity Youth Opportunity Health Education Responsible Business The Natural Environment The Built Environment The Arts Part IV 02 03 04-06 07 34 34-36 37-39 40-43 44 44-45 45 46 47 48 29/6/04 10:51:21 am First Annual Review 2004 Introduction This first Annual Review is intended to give an overview of The Prince of Wales’s official and charitable activities, and to provide information about his income and official expenditure for the year to 31st March 2004. In addition to this introduction, the Review has four sections; one devoted to each of the three principal elements of The Prince of Wales’s role and activities, and the fourth providing a detailed account of how his activities and office are financed and outlining the responsibilities of his senior staff. While there is no established constitutional role for the Heir to The Throne, The Prince of Wales seeks to do all he can to use his unique position to make a difference for the better in the United Kingdom and internationally. The way in which His Royal Highness does so varies over time and according to circumstances, but it can, in simple terms, be divided into three parts. (i) Undertaking royal duties in support of The Queen. This involves supporting The Queen in her role as a focal point for national pride, unity and allegiance and bringing people together across all sections of society, representing stability and continuity, highlighting achievement, and emphasising the importance of service and the voluntary sector by encouragement and example. 02 03 (ii) Working as a charitable entrepreneur. The Prince of Wales has been prescient in identifying charitable need and setting up and driving forward charities to meet it, and his 17 core charities alone require His Royal Highness to assist directly or indirectly with raising around £100 million a year. (iii) Promoting and protecting national traditions, virtues and excellence. This includes helping to ensure that views held by many people which otherwise might not be heard receive some exposure. His Royal Highness does this through letters to and meetings with Government Ministers and other people of influence, by giving speeches, writing articles and participating in television programmes. In doing so, he is always careful to avoid issues which are politically contentious. 110604AR04-intro.indd 2 29/6/04 10:51:22 am Summary The film has now been seen by an estimated 10.5 million people, a record for a BBC natural history programme. The Prince of Wales also During the year, The Prince of Wales undertook 517 official engagements. He visited 59 counties contributed to ‘Restoration’, the popular BBC Two television series about the country’s and towns in the UK, and carried out 82 official architectural heritage. engagements overseas during working tours in Russia, India, Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia These facts and figures do not reflect the to promote the country’s diplomatic and large part of The Prince of Wales’s working commercial interests; he met an estimated time devoted to going through the huge volume 10,000 people during these engagements and of correspondence and other reading material was seen by many more. He also received or which he receives every week. In addition to entertained 9,000 official guests at Clarence his official briefings and meetings, His Royal House, Highgrove, Birkhall and other royal Highness also spends considerable time residences. working with members of his Household, trustees and directors of his charities and His Royal Highness’s 17 core charities, which others to manage his programme and are listed in the Appendix, require funding charities, and to take forward the many of around £100 million a year. They employ initiatives with which he is involved. 1,600 people, with thousands of volunteers also providing invaluable support. Last year, In July 2003, the refurbishment of Clarence The Prince of Wales increased the number House was completed. The total cost amounted of charities of which he is President or Patron to £6.068 million, of which the Property Services to 363. Charities of which His Royal Highness Grant-In-Aid paid £4.508 million and The Prince became President or Patron during the year of Wales £1.560 million. The house was opened included the National Trust for Scotland and the to the public for the first time during August, British Red Cross, which he took over from the September and part of October and was visited late Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. by 47,000 people; it will be open again this August and September. The Prince of Wales attended over 150 formal briefings and meetings, and received over The Household’s senior management team 33,000 letters from members of the public was strengthened during the year by the and wrote over 2,000 letters personally, with a appointment of a Communications Secretary, further 10,000 written on His Royal Highness’s a Director and Deputy Director of Charities, behalf by his Office. and a Senior Equerry, in order to keep pace with the development of The Prince of Wales’s During the year, the Office also dealt with an official and charitable activities. estimated 50,000 questions and requests for information from the media in this country and The 20% increase in income from the Duchy overseas. His Royal Highness gave around of Cornwall (see below) principally reflects 50 major speeches and wrote four published increased rents from commercial property. articles, while the television film ”Highgrove: The increased Grants-In-Aid funding and A Prince’s Legacy“, about the garden and farm official expenditure reflect the refurbishment at Highgrove, was broadcast three times. of Clarence House. Year to 31st March Income from the Duchy of Cornwall Funding from Grants-In-Aid and Government Departments Official expenditure Tax and personal expenditure Capital expenditure less depreciation, loan repayments and transfers to reserves Net cash surplus (deficit) 110604AR04-intro.indd 3 2004 £000s 2003 £000s 11,913 9,943 4,148 16,061 3,102 13,045 (10,095) (4,406) (8,729) (3,843) (1,442) 118 (802) (329) 29/6/04 10:51:22 am Engagements and Activities Statistics, of course, only tell a small part of the story, and the following examples of engagements and developments during the past year are to provide a fuller picture of the range of The Prince of Wales’s work. Visits by The Prince of Wales to meet servicemen and women in Iraq and their families in this country In March 2003, The Prince met families of those serving in the Gulf when he visited army bases at Dover and Colchester. In February 2004, he visited servicemen and women in Iraq. The Prince praised British troops for their work and met more than 200 soldiers from the 2nd Battalion of the Parachute Regiment, soldiers described by His Royal Highness as a “remarkable bunch of people.” Holyrood Week in Scotland and visits to promote the country’s tourist attractions In June, The Prince of Wales visited a range of Scottish tourist attractions to promote British Tourism Day, including Linlithgow Palace in West Lothian and the House for an Art Lover in Glasgow. The Prince was in Scotland for his annual week’s stay at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, and as well as promoting tourism, His Royal Highness also opened a new Macmillan Cancer Centre in Melrose, met farmers in the Borders, attended a special ceremony at Europe’s biggest mosque in Glasgow, and paid a flying visit to the Isle of Mull where he dropped in on the island’s famous bakery and butcher shops. Launch of the Affordable Housing Initiative In June, The Prince of Wales launched an initiative to encourage landowners to make land available for affordable housing, and companies to look at the possibility of using disused land and/or existing buildings for the same purpose. The Housing Corporation, the Countryside Agency, Business in the Community and the Country Land and Business Association are all partners in the initiative, and with The Duke of Westminster, His Royal Highness is now funding two members of staff to work on the project. The Prince’s message at the launch was simple: the futures of villages depend on homes being available for local people, and schools, pubs, shops and other services that are integral to village and community life depend on them. The Prince of Wales’s visit to India The Prince of Wales visited The Republic of India from 28th October to 5th November 2003. The visit focused on heritage and restoration, sustainable development and youth entrepreneurship. During his stay, The Prince visited a water conservation project, a Bollywood film set, restoration projects in Rajasthan and the largest slums in Asia on the outskirts of Mumbai. At the start of his visit, The Prince said: “It gives me great joy to be returning to your remarkable country.” 04 05 Far left. The Prince visits Aldershot military camp where he met wives of soldiers serving in the Gulf War. He was presented with 10 Mallah garlands by wives of members of the Queen’s Own Gurkha Logistic Regiment on his departure. Left. The Prince on an official visit to India. 110604AR04-intro.indd 4 29/6/04 10:51:23 am His Royal Highness hosted his second Education Summer School for teachers of English and History The Prince hosted his second Prince of Wales Education Summer School in June 2003, aimed at bringing together teachers of English and History to debate how their subjects are taught. This followed a successful pilot course in Devon in 2002. The free four-day course in Norwich gave teachers the opportunity to join in sessions with well-known figures such as poet Seamus Heaney, playwright Tom Stoppard, novelist PD James and historians David Starkey, Simon Schama and Michael Wood. The visit to Wales in June by The Prince of Wales and Prince William to mark Prince William’s 21st birthday The Prince of Wales and his eldest son received a warm welcome when they arrived in Wales in June 2003 to mark Prince William’s 21st birthday. Thousands of well-wishers turned out to see the two Princes, who visited the Anglesey Food Fair and opened the Newport Action for Single Homeless (NASH) day centre. Left. The Prince of Wales, Patron of the British Wheelchair Sports Foundation, talks to Paralympic gold medallist Tanni Grey Thompson at the reopening ceremony of the Stoke Mandeville Stadium, The National Centre for Disabled Sport. The opening of Clarence House to the public for the first time Clarence House, the official residence of The Prince of Wales in London, opened to the public for the first time in August 2003. Clarence House was the London home of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother from 1953 to 2002 and underwent an extensive refurbishment in 2003. The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment conference In November 2003, The Prince of Wales hosted a conference at The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment in Shoreditch, London, to discuss ways in which the building and regeneration of urban areas could be improved. The Prince gave a keynote speech to set out his vision for the creation of vibrant and flourishing communities and the Foundation’s role in turning this vision into reality. The conference was attended by the Deputy Prime Minister, John Prescott, and a wide range of industry experts and Government officials. Left and middle. Clarence House exterior and interior. Left. The Queen and The Prince of Wales leave the Prince’s Drawing School, in Shoreditch, east London. Far left. His Royal Highness meets author PD James at his second Education Summer School for teachers of English and History. Middle. Prince William meets well-wishers outside Bangor Station, Wales. Left. Prince William and The Prince of Wales visiting Newport Action for Single Homeless (NASH) in south Wales. 110604AR04-intro.indd 5 29/6/04 10:51:29 am Attending the first British Citizenship ceremony The Prince of Wales welcomed 10 different nationalities to Britain at the first British Citizenship ceremony, held in Brent Town Hall, London, in February 2004. At the ceremony, which was also attended by the Home Secretary, David Blunkett, The Prince presented 19 people, including three children, with certificates of citizenship. He wished them well and said: “I very much hope that this ceremony has added something to the significance of acquiring British citizenship and that it has reinforced your belief, if indeed any reinforcement is required, that you belong here and are very welcome.” The establishment of The Prince‘s Drawing School and The Prince’s School of Traditional Arts as separate charities These two organisations set up by The Prince of Wales, under the auspices of The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment, achieved separate charitable status. His Royal Highness established The Prince of Wales’s Drawing School in 2000 to be a centre of excellence for the teaching, research and practice of observational drawing. The School of Traditional Arts was set up by His Royal Highness to continue the living traditions of the world’s sacred and traditional art forms. The achievement for the first time of an annual profit of £1 million by The Prince of Wales’s food company Duchy Originals, all the profits of which are given to charity Duchy Originals has broken the £1 million profit barrier and has established itself as one of the leading quality food brands in the country. At the heart of the concept is The Prince of Wales’s desire to create and sustain a “virtuous circle” for all involved: the environment benefits from organic production, farmers receive a proper reward for their work, customers enjoy high-quality food, and money is raised for good causes. Since its establishment, Duchy Originals has donated total profits of £3.5 million to charity. Party in the Park and Fashion Rocks at the Royal Albert Hall, which together raised over £2 million for The Prince’s Trust Party in the Park 2003 raised more than £1 million for The Prince’s Trust. Among the top acts performing were Beyoncé Knowles, Meatloaf and Busted. In October, The Prince of Wales joined some of the biggest stars of pop and fashion at the Royal Albert Hall, when another £1 million was raised for The Prince’s Trust. 06 07 Far left. The Prince meets citizens at the first British Citizenship ceremony. Left. The Prince’s School of Traditional Arts field trip to Granada, Spain. 110604AR04-intro.indd 6 29/6/04 10:51:36 am Future Developments Communications The Press Office team will be further strengthened with the appointment of a third Press Officer, and a number of plans taken forward, including the publication of this first Annual Review, regular media briefings at regional level, and further enhancements to the official website, www.princeofwales.gov.uk. The Prince of Wales During the current year, His Royal Highness will continue to work on a number of key issues, focusing particularly on education, health, protecting the national heritage, and supporting agriculture and the rural economy. He will also continue to use The Prince‘s Trust to reach out to young people who feel alienated from society, Charities In view of the wide and increasing range of especially those from the Muslim community. The Prince of Wales’s work for charity, a small central charities team was established during Management the course of last year, led by the new Director The Household’s strengthened management team is now largely in place, although there will of Charities, Sir Tom Shebbeare. The charities team will develop its role during the current probably be one or two further appointments year and provide support and advice to His during the current financial year to complete Royal Highness’s charities, in particular the the team. Initiatives are under way to develop core 17 charities, on matters such as corporate further the budgeting procedures and governance, donations policies and fundraising, management information systems in order to planning, and communications. The new team optimise value for money. There will be further will also facilitate liaison and synergy between investment in information technology to enable the charities, and help with the appointment of remote access, and work will continue with chairmen and trustees. developing an electronic record management system capable of controlling and recording the huge paper-flow more consistently and effectively. In addition, the final reorganisation of the office accommodation, following The Prince of Wales’s move to Clarence House, will be completed. There will also be increased emphasis on staff training and development. Far Left. The Prince meets Big Bruvaz at Party in the Park. Left. A range of products are available under the Duchy Originals brand. 110604AR04-intro.indd 7 29/6/04 10:51:41 am Supporting The Queen The United Kingdom The Prince of Wales undertakes a range of duties in support of The Queen as Head of State. For example, His Royal Highness presides at ceremonial occasions, represents and supports the armed forces in their work for the nation, undertakes official overseas tours to further Britain’s interests abroad, and travels around the country to celebrate community life and bring people together across all sections of society. In 2003, The Prince took part in the two State Visits to Britain, the first by President Vladimir Putin of Russia in June, and the second by President George Bush of the United States in November. The Prince’s duties also include great domestic occasions, such as the opening of the Welsh Assembly Session in June, which he attended in Cardiff with Her Majesty The Queen. At the event, The Prince, as he has done before, spoke in Welsh in recognition of the importance of the language in the life of the Welsh nation. Another notable occasion during the year was His Royal Highness’s participation in the country’s first ever British Citizenship ceremony, held at Brent Town Hall in London in February. 19 people from around the world received their certificates from The Prince who, in a brief speech, referred to the best qualities of Britishness – including “tolerance, good humour… and a willingness to do things for others” – and reminded the new citizens of the importance of making a contribution to local and national life. 08 09 Recognising those who have done so is a key element of The Prince’s royal duties, and last year he represented The Queen at eight of the 23 Investitures held at Buckingham Palace. Garden parties afford an opportunity for The Prince to meet hundreds of people who make a substantial and often largely unrecognised contribution to the nation. They also allow His Royal Highness to thank some of the people who work for the many organisations with which he is associated as either founder, patron or supporter. Last year he attended two of the three annual garden parties in the grounds of Buckingham Palace, and another at The Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh. Overseas Every year The Prince’s royal duties take him abroad representing the country’s interests, and in 2003-04 he undertook official tours to Russia, India, Oman, and a Middle East trip to Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia. These overseas visits are organised with the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to support national priorities. In Russia, The Prince’s visit was timed to coincide with celebrations of the 300th anniversary of the founding of St Petersburg, and emphasised the UK’s long naval, cultural and trading connections with that city. During his visit he handed over a sail training vessel donated by the Royal Navy to the Russian fleet, celebrated 10 years of engagement by his International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF) in developing Russsia’s museum and health services, and highlighted UK and Russian joint work to assist deprived women and children. He also visited the extraordinary Solovetsky Archipelago in the Arctic Circle, where the IBLF has been helping to restore one of Russia’s greatest monasteries, which under Communism had become a notorious labour camp. The Prince’s first Indian tour in more than a decade was a highlight of last year. The trip focused on heritage, development, youth entrepreneurship, and inter-faith understanding – each of these themes drawing out the extraordinary range and depth of the partnership between the UK and India. As well as formal meetings with the President and government in Delhi, which celebrated, in particular, joint Prince’s Trust work to find jobs for young people, The Prince looked at ground-breaking business ventures promoting co-operation between UK and Indian companies. In Rajasthan, visits were focused on efforts to preserve heritage and craft skills, healthcare projects, and community-based low-tech solutions to address the country’s water shortage problems. In Mumbai, India’s business centre, The Prince brought together economists and industrialists with his International Business Leaders Forum to discuss Corporate Social Responsibility. While there, he also looked at development projects and initiatives to further naval co-operation. The Prince at the citizenship ceremony at Brent Town Hall, London. Far left. The Queen. Middle right. The Prince talks to organic farming enthusiast Dr Vandana Shiva at her Navdanya Organic Food Store in the Dilli Haat market in Delhi. Middle left. The Prince of Wales visiting a water project in India. Far right. The Prince receives a rose from 15-year-old polio-sufferer Leela Choyal at an event held at the British charity Polio Children. After India, The Prince travelled to Oman, where he stayed as the guest of the Sultan, with whom relations have long been close. His programme again highlighted inter-faith and (with the British Council’s help) inter-community understanding, and included breaking the fast at sunset during Ramadan with the Muslim faithful at Muscat’s magnificent new mosque. He also looked at efforts to preserve Oman’s unique architectural and cultural heritage, and gave his support to the work of non-governmental organisations campaigning to advance the cause of women’s employment and disabled children’s rights. In addition to these overseas tours, His Royal Highness works to support the nation’s foreign policies through a series of meetings at the Foreign Office’s request in the UK. Over the year he received more than a dozen heads of state or their representatives at Clarence House, entertained senior Commonwealth ministers and officials, and attended or hosted a series of events in London. Iran was another historic trip – the first by a member of the Royal Family since the 1979 revolution. The Prince paid a short call on President Khatami in Tehran, but the main focus was his visit, as President of the British Red Cross, to Bam to support relief efforts in the wake of December’s devastating earthquake. Finally, in Saudi Arabia, he met Crown Prince Abdullah and senior members of the Saudi Government, supported victims of terrorism and promoted projects to encourage greater participation by all sectors of society in economic development. The Prince’s visit to Iraq may have been a first for a member of the Royal Family, but the trip was typical of the work he does to support Britain’s forces. The Prince has close personal links with the armed services and, having served in the Royal Navy, knows first-hand the vital role they undertake for the country and the sacrifices our servicemen and women make in doing so. These included: the launch of the centenary celebrations of the Entente Cordiale, with Business in the Community and the AngloFrench Chamber of Commerce (which aimed In February, The Prince made a week’s tour to to share best practice on corporate support for the Middle East, travelling to Iraq, Iran and Saudi social projects); the launch of the UK Friends Arabia. His visit to Basra, where he met soldiers of the Australian Royal Flying Doctors Service; from several of his regiments, officials from the an event to honour Polish ex-Servicemen from Coalition Provisional Authority, and local religious the Second World War; and a gala dinner with and community leaders, was the first by a President Musharraf to celebrate the fiftieth British Royal to Iraq. anniversary of the Pakistan Society. 10 11 “Everyone here is working flat out to support our colleagues over in Iran and the surrounding countries. The logistics team, the fundraisers, the press officers, and the programme managers are all working together to support our massive aid effort, and The Prince’s visit will be a real boost to them.” Sir Nicholas Young, Chief Executive of the British Red Cross on the visit by The Prince of Wales to Bam, Iran The Armed Forces The Prince of Wales holds the ranks of Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy, Air Marshal in the Royal Air Force and Lieutenant General in the Army. The Prince maintains a special relationship with twelve Regiments of the British Army as follows: The Royal Regiment of Wales (24th/41st Foot); Colonel-in-Chief since 1st July 1969 Welsh Guards; Colonel since 1st March 1975 The 22nd (Cheshire) Regiment, The Parachute Regiment, and The Royal Gurkha Rifles; Colonel-in-Chief since 11th June 1977 The Army Air Corps; Colonel-in-Chief since 1st March 1992 The Royal Dragoon Guards; Colonel-inChief since 1st July 1992 The Queen’s Own Yeomanry; Royal Honorary Colonel since 1st July 1992 The Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons); Deputy Colonel-in-Chief since 1st September 1994 1st The Queen’s Dragoon Guards, The Kings Regiment and The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment); Colonel-inChief since 1st July 2003 The Prince of Wales arrives by Chinook helicopter at Basra Airport. The Prince flew into the city to see for himself the progress made by British forces in partnership with local Iraqis, nearly one year after the second Gulf War started. The Prince walks down from where the earthquake, in the southern Iranian city of Bam, destroyed ramparts of the historic citadel which dominated the city but was left in ruins. The Prince is also the Honorary Air Commodore of Royal Air Force Valley (since 1993). His Royal Highness also maintains a special relationship with Commonwealth forces in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Fiji. The Prince talks with British troops from the Royal Regiment of Wales as he leaves Saddam Hussein’s former palace in the southern Iraqi city of Basra. When His Royal Highness had the opportunity to visit British Forces in Iraq, he made the most The Prince’s relationship with the armed services of his short stay. As well as meeting soldiers from his oldest regiment, the Royal Regiment is based on four themes: promoting the role of of Wales, The Prince presented the Wilkinson the armed forces within national life, through operational visits and ceremonial duties; focusing Sword of Peace to another of his units, the 2nd Battalion of the Parachute Regiment, for their on the professionalism and excellence of efforts in Afghanistan in 2002, and visited Royal training, a crucial need in the forces; supporting Air Force personnel based at Basra. the welfare of service personnel and their families; and helping to maintain the history and heritage of the services through regimental links In Britain, The Prince visited three of his units to see first-hand their preparations prior to and associations. deploying to the Gulf, met families of Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel at Yeovilton In a foreword he wrote last year to support in Somerset, and met Army families at the the fundraising appeal for the Armed Forces Memorial, The Prince explained why the services garrisons at Catterick, Colchester, Aldershot and Bulford, as well as reservists’ families at Paisley. need the nation’s full support: “We sometimes The Armed Services take for granted the expectation that our armed forces are professional, loyal and dedicated. In reality our expectation is far exceeded. These men and women are prepared to give their lives defending our nation’s interests and the freedom of others, and yet their sacrifice all too often goes without recognition. I personally believe we owe them an enormous debt of gratitude for all they do.” The war and subsequent peacekeeping operations in Iraq have dominated the headlines this past year and have been a focus for The Prince’s activities with British forces. Nine battalions from seven of The Prince’s regiments have served in Iraq over the past year, and he has met personnel or their families from all but two. 12 13 110604AR04-part2.indd 12 Throughout, The Prince kept in close contact with his units and others serving in Iraq and the region. His much publicised correspondence with Lieutenant Colonel Tim Collins, Commanding Officer of the Royal Irish Regiment, was one of many letters written in support of UK forces. Wherever possible, His Royal Highness offered encouragement to hose serving, support to the injured and solace to the bereaved. The Service of Thanksgiving at St Paul’s Cathedral, and a reception for service personnel and their families at the Guildhall, in October 2003, gave another opportunity for The Prince to pay tribute to their achievements and acknowledge their sacrifices. The Prince of Wales visits Aldershot military camp where he met wives of soldiers serving in the Gulf War. The Prince met Philippa Hunter and her daughter Heather, who would not let go of his finger. 28/6/04 5:43:10 pm Charitable Entrepreneur £100m Raised for Charity The Prince of Wales has been one of the country’s leading charitable entrepreneurs since establishing The Prince’s Trust after leaving the Royal Navy in 1976. At that time, The Prince believed that there was a need for an organisation to help alienated and disadvantaged young people in the UK turn their often troubled lives around. The Trust is now the largest youth charity in the country and has helped more than half a million young people. In many ways, The Prince’s Trust provided a blueprint for His Royal Highness’s approach to charitable entrepreneurship. He first identifies a need, then sets up a charity to address it, before going on to oversee its strategy and management and raise funds to support its activities. To date, 15 of his 17 core charities have been established in this way. In the course of a year, The Prince helps raise, directly or indirectly, around £100 million for these organisations, as well as providing leadership support and inspiration for the thousands of staff and volunteers who work for them. The Prince gives personally to charity around £2 million a year. The Prince’s core charities make up the country’s largest multi-cause charitable enterprise, the work of which focuses on seven main areas: Youth Opportunity, Health, Education, Responsible Business, the Natural Environment, the Built Environment and the Arts. Duchy Originals One of the biggest contributors to The Prince of Wales’s charities is his own company, Duchy Originals, which embodies his commitment to the virtuous circle of providing natural, highquality food while helping to protect and sustain the countryside and wildlife. All of its profits are donated to The Prince of Wales’s Charitable Foundation. The range of products includes bread, biscuits, sausages, bacon, ham, ready meals, milk, ice cream, preserves, chocolates, soft drinks, chutneys and ale, plus a whole range of seasonal products for Christmas and Easter. Many of the products are made with crops grown especially for the brand at the Home Farm at Highgrove, often using ancient varieties and thereby helping to preserve the country’s gene pool. There are also non-organic but freerange products, including sausages, bacon and ham, which are produced to high animal welfare standards under the Duchy Selections name. The company also launched some fish patés using Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certified fish, highlighting The Prince of Wales’s desire to encourage sustainable fishing. The company recently extended its range to include natural shampoos and conditioners, as people become increasingly concerned about what they put onto their bodies as well as what they eat. The company also markets a range of outdoor furniture under the name Duchy Collection. Each piece is made by hand in Herefordshire using sweet chestnut from sustainable Duchy of Cornwall woodlands. A range of products are available under the Duchy Originals brand. 110604AR04-part2.indd 13 28/6/04 5:43:12 pm Youth Opportunity The Prince’s Trust is His Royal Highness’s oldest and best-known charity. He set up the organisation in 1976 with the £7,400 severance pay he received on leaving the Royal Navy. Travelling around the country, The Prince met many young people who appeared to be suffering from an overpowering lack of selfworth and had little confidence or motivation. It was a destructive formula and The Prince resolved to do something to change it. As he put it at the time: “If I was going to do anything, it had to be an operation that was able to take those risks: to trust young people and to experiment.” Today, The Trust helps thousands of 14 to 30year-olds every year to realise their potential and transform their lives by offering practical support, including training, mentoring and financial assistance. The charity focuses its efforts on those who have struggled at school, been in care, been in trouble with the law, or are long-term unemployed. It also helps young people set up their own businesses. Since its inception, The Trust has helped nearly 58,000 young people start their own companies in England and Wales. In recent years, The Prince has asked The Trust to identify and help “the hardest to reach” – those young people who live on the fringes of society and who seem to have disappeared off the radar screens of most social care agencies. Just before Christmas, His Royal Highness watched proudly as one young person helped by the Trust, Kevin Johnston, captivated a room full of Members of Parliament by telling them the story of his life in the most candid and eloquent terms. As The Prince said when Kevin received The Pride of Britain Prince’s Trust Young Achiever Award: “Kevin is an inspiration to all of us, particularly those facing seemingly insurmountable barriers and those who feel that they have nothing to offer. I cannot tell you how proud I am of Kevin, and it gives me more pleasure than you can possibly imagine to see the achievements of this very special young man recognized in this way.” The Prince plays a keen part in the development of new programmes at The Trust. In the past year, the charity has been developing a new initiative called “xl clubs”, tailored to help those still at school but at risk of exclusion. There are now over 800 xl clubs operating in schools throughout the country, and in December The Prince visited one of the most successful, based at Haggerston School in Tower Hamlets, London. At the school, he met club members from Years 10 and 11 who talked about some of the projects on which they were working, and discussed barriers to learning in their communities, including the use of drugs, knives, guns and alcohol. 14 15 “When I started The Trust, what I wanted to do was to make an investment in the future. I do think that our success demonstrates that by giving young people that all-important self-confidence and sense of self-worth, they can make a success of their lives. We can help to uncover the talent or ability which I believe every young person has, and then enable them to play their full part in their own community.” The Prince of Wales, January 2004 110604AR04-part2.indd 14 28/6/04 5:43:13 pm Kevin Johnston The development of xl clubs reflects The Prince’s determination for The Trust to remain relevant in the midst of the changing challenges that young people face. In particular, he believes that the charity’s programmes must become more skillsbased, so that young people can be given opportunities to “get into” skill areas where their particular talents can be developed. These new “get into” programmes will become increasingly available to young people involved with The Trust, in areas as diverse as cooking and construction. Tackling the national skills shortage is a key aim of today’s Trust. Glaswegian Kevin Johnston, winner of this year’s Prince’s Trust Young Achiever Award, was just one of those young men whose lives had seemingly reached rock bottom. His is a remarkable story of fortitude and determination. After a desperately difficult start in life, he became addicted to drugs, spent time in prison and, eventually, having lost contact with his friends and family, became homeless. This could have been the final chapter of an all-too-familiar tale had it not been for Kevin’s own strength of character and the support of The Trust. Kevin took the decision to enrol on one of the charity’s personal development programmes, where he not only grew in self-confidence and developed a sense of self-worth, but discovered an aptitude for helping other young people turn around their lives. Another successful initiative for young people has been the programmes offering work experience to young offenders in cities across the UK, which are run by a partnership between Business in the Community and The Prince’s Trust. The success of these schemes echoes the achievements of BITC’s programme at Reading Prison, where young offenders are offered apprenticeships at National Grid Transco. The apprenticeship scheme has grown to include more than 90 young offenders, and the recidivism rate, normally 78 per cent, has been reduced to just 8 per cent for those on the programme. Kevin is now drug-free and is forging a successful new career in youth-care work. By deciding to make a difference in his own community, Kevin has created what The Prince of Wales calls a “virtuous circle” – having rebuilt his own life with The Trust’s help, he is now determined to make life better for others. Far left. The Prince speaks with singer Beyoncé during the reception at the “Fashion Rocks” concert and fashion show. 110604AR04-part2.indd 15 Left. The Prince meets the pop band Blazin’ Squad during the ‘Party in the Park’ event in Hyde Park. Below. The Prince is presented with an Arsenal shirt by club captain Patrick Vieira as he visits Arsenal FC’s Highbury stadium in north London with Kevin Johnston, to celebrate the sixth anniversary of The Prince’s Trust Football Initiative. 28/6/04 5:43:15 pm Health The Prince of Wales has long been involved with a wide variety of healthcare organisations which he helps with personal support, funding and regular visits to hospitals and hospices. At the heart of his approach is the concept of integrated healthcare. This is a system where patients, protected by a sound regulatory environment and the support of the National Health Service, have access not just to conventional medical treatment but to a wide range of complementary care and therapy, such as acupuncture, homeopathy, massage and herbal medicine. The consultation document was a result of the efforts of two working groups established by the FIH and the Department of Health, and will lead to proposals for regulation of these two important areas being brought forward by the Government this year.To emphasise his support for integrated healthcare, The Prince last year visited a leading integrated GP Practice in Devon, where patients have access to a range of complementary approaches, a clinic in Waltham Forest offering massage and homeopathy alongside conventional treatments, and an acupuncture and Chinese herbal medical centre at the Gateway Clinic in Lambeth. Aside from his work with the FIH, The Prince also spent time last year supporting healthcare organisations of which he is President or Patron, including Marie Curie, Macmillan Cancer Relief, the Bristol Cancer Help Centre, Breakthrough Breast Cancer and the Haven Trust. This year these groups, along with others, will be taking part in a major conference on cancer care being organised by the FIH in London. To help put this theory into practice, and after nearly 25 years of interest and involvement in the field of holistic medicine, eight years ago His Royal Highness set up The Prince of Wales’s Foundation for Integrated Health (FIH). Its main aim is to help provide safe, effective and efficient forms of medical treatment to patients and their families by supporting the development His Royal Highness also follows developments and delivery of integrated healthcare, especially by encouraging conventional and complementary in public health closely, and last year, in response to a series of reports about the growing problem practitioners to work together. of allergies in the UK, he wrote an article for The Guardian newspaper. In it, The Prince called The development of the FIH’s work comes at for an urgent examination of the resources a time when public interest in complementary available to deal with the allergies epidemic, medicine is growing (surveys show that 75 alongside consideration of the role for integrated per cent of people would like complementary approaches in tackling it. The article attracted treatments to be available on the NHS), and the considerable media interest and reaction from Government is taking an active approach to the within the industry, and in doing so helped issue. For example, the Government last year highlight the growing concern about the rise of published its consultation document on the allergic illnesses. regulation of acupuncture and herbal medicines in the UK. 16 17 “As Patron, his unstinting support of the Bristol Approach to cancer care has been invaluable, and his great advocacy of a more integrated approach to healthcare has our full support.” Christopher Head, Chief Executive of Bristol Cancer Help Centre 110604AR04-part2.indd 16 28/6/04 5:43:18 pm The Gateway Clinic The award-winning Gateway Clinic at Lambeth Hospital is pioneering the provision of complementary medicine on the NHS. The Prince of Wales meets acupuncturist Anne Lo and patient Lenka Romanova during his visit to an acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine centre at the NHS Gateway Clinic in Lambeth Hospital, south London. The acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine centre in south London was a joint winner in The Prince of Wales’s Foundation for Integrated Health Awards in December 2003. The Prince presented the award after a visit to the centre and praised it for innovation in combining complementary and orthodox medicine. The Gateway Clinic is the only specialist centre providing traditional Chinese acupuncture on the NHS, offering free body and ear acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine, dietary advice, t’ai chi and qi gong exercise and meditation classes to around 400 patients a week. In a speech at the awards ceremony in December 2003, The Prince highlighted the benefits of integrated medicine for a healthy lifestyle and said: “It seems to me that there is an urgent need to examine the way in which the Western approach to life and the world around us is increasingly affecting our overall health. The Gateway Clinic is a very good example of a service which is not only helping to fill in gaps in conventional care, but is also addressing problems that conventional approaches don’t always answer.” Since they received the award in December 2003, the centre has continued to go from strength to strength. The Gateway Clinic’s manager, Dominique Joire, said receiving the award was a “wonderful moment”. He said: “It’s the first time somebody has acknowledged our work, and we hope this will help people take us more seriously and lead to more integration into the NHS.” Far left. The Prince talks to osteopath Bediz Akinciglu and patient Frances Griffiths during his visit to the Waltham Forest Community Health Practice in Leytonstone, east London. 110604AR04-part2.indd 17 Middle and right. The Prince meets nurses and a patient during a visit to the newly opened Royal Victoria Hospital building in Belfast. 28/6/04 5:43:20 pm One of his most recent, and important, initiatives was the creation in 2002 of The Prince of Wales’s Education Summer School, an initiative Two of The Prince of Wales’s main charitable established to give teachers of English and objectives – to help young people realise their History the opportunity to get together with full potential and to promote investment in the leading writers and academics to discuss the country’s future – come together in his support essential elements of their subjects and the for education. This is a theme which is important importance, in The Prince’s view, of maintaining for many of His Royal Highness’s charities, coherent chronological story-telling in the including The Prince’s Trust, The Foundation teaching of History and the power of narrative in for the Built Environment, Business in the the teaching of English. Community, The Prince’s Drawing School and School of Traditional Arts, and is also reflected in Since the first course two years ago, over 200 his life membership of the National Association teachers from state schools have attended of Head Teachers and his patronage of several Summer Schools in Devon and Norfolk where educational causes. they have been given the chance, away from the pressure and constraints of the classroom, to As a direct result of The Prince of Wales’s identify new ways of building the intellectual and “Seeing is Believing” Programme, whereby The emotional development of young people. Prince invites business leaders to come on visits Education into their local communities to understand at first hand the impact of local and national issues, The Prince launched Partners In Leadership in 1996. This programme is an innovative and simple solution to providing support to head teachers by senior business leaders through a mentoring relationship. There are currently over 6,000 head teachers being mentored around the country as a result. Heads of department have been drawn from schools in a wide range of areas, and each event has attracted an impressive array of writers and academics, including Professor Simon Schama, Sir Tom Stoppard, Dr David Starkey, Seamus Heaney, Susan Hitch and Baroness James of Holland Park. This year’s Summer School is to be held in Derbyshire and, as the concept develops, The Prince hopes to incorporate a broader range of subjects into the annual three-and-a-half-day event. 18 19 “I found valuable ideas in every one of the talks, but in practical terms I have used Susan Hitch’s material and Christopher Rick’s techniques in lessons very effectively…” Teacher who attended the Education Summer School at Dunston Hall, June 2003 110604AR04-part2.indd 18 28/6/04 5:43:21 pm Haggerston School As well as these major initiatives, last year The Prince of Wales also visited a number of schools and higher education institutions throughout the country, including Bacon’s College in south east London where he helped pupils celebrate the school’s 300th anniversary, Altrincham School for Girls in Lancashire where he opened a new library block, and the University of Buckingham where he took part in a seminar with students on the life of his great-great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria. The Prince’s Trust “xl clubs” are making a difference for the pupils at Haggerston School in Hackney, east London. The two-year accredited xl programme encourages young people, aged 14 to 16 and at risk of exclusion or educational underachievement, to develop skills in an informal club setting in their school. The pupils develop through activities aimed at personal and team-building skills. The xl scheme specifically aims to raise self-esteem, improve motivation, enable achievement, and to help develop essential skills for life and work. Haggerston School first started xl in 2002 and has two clubs. The Prince visited the school in December 2003 to see for himself the success of the scheme. During his visit, The Prince met Year 10 students to talk about their involvement in the scheme and the work they had been doing to improve their personal and team work, problem-solving, citizenship skills and preparation for the world of work. The students also talked about their award-winning company “Motherly Love”. The company, which sold Mother’s Day gifts, won three Young Enterprise Team awards for London in 2003. Across the UK, there are currently 800 xl clubs in 513 schools. Strong support from schools all over the country for the xl club scheme has seen the number of pupils excluded, at risk of exclusion, or lacking in basic skills, helped by The Prince’s Trust xl clubs rise from 1,500 to 9,000 in the past three years. The Prince of Wales meets children during a visit to Haggerston Girl’s School in Hackney, east London. 110604AR04-part2.indd 19 28/6/04 5:43:22 pm Responsible Business With his long-standing interest in community affairs and close ties to leading figures from the business world, His Royal Highness is well-placed to encourage responsible business practice in the UK and abroad. It is his fundamental belief that the private sector has the ability to make a real difference to many of the issues and problems facing communities and, in the process, to benefit their businesses. To help promote these ideas, in 1985 The Prince agreed to become President of Business in the Community (BITC), the UK charity which aims to improve the positive impact business has on society by getting companies to commit to improve the way they operate and to work together to address key social issues. The work of Business in the Community has become increasingly relevant for companies committed to improving their relationships with their employees, customers, suppliers and communities. The Corporate Responsibility Index, published last year for the first time by BITC, in this country, is the only global voluntary, business-led benchmark of responsible business practice detailing how companies manage and improve their impact on society. Now also, launched in Australia and with other countries interested in running the Index, it will become a global benchmark of corporate performance. The unique capability of BITC to operate locally and campaign nationally enables the organisation to work with its member companies to develop sustainable solutions in partnership with those who are most affected by key social issues. Best practice is highlighted by means of the National Awards for Excellence that give ‘Big Ticks’ to Five years later, to help companies operating those companies best able to demonstrate the internationally, His Royal Highness set up The Prince of Wales’s International Business Leaders positive impact they are having on society. Forum to encourage businesses around the A particular focus of The Prince’s work with world to work together to tackle poverty, social BITC in the past year has been the Rural inequity and environmental problems. Action Programme and the charity’s support for homeless people. Since it started three years Then in 1996, The Prince established In Kind ago, in the middle of the Foot and Mouth crisis, Direct, a charity which acts as a clearing house for companies’ surplus goods to be redistributed the Rural Action Programme has developed to good causes and voluntary groups throughout a series of initiatives to help regenerate rural communities. These communities are now the UK. facing many of the issues which, until recently, were thought to belong to inner cities: drug abuse, crime and a lack of services, and in particular a lack of housing for those who cannot afford to pay the increasing prices. 20 21 110604AR04-part2.indd 20 28/6/04 5:43:23 pm Seeing is Believing Programme Fifteen years ago, The Prince of Wales realised that if companies were fully to understand how they could play a role in tackling Britain’s most pressing social issues in deprived inner city and rural areas, business leaders would have to go and see the problems for themselves. Top. The Prince of Wales visited the Old Crown pub in Hesket Newmarket Village in Cumbria. In his role as President of Business in the Community, The Prince launched a new guide to saving local pubs. Above. The Prince is handed a model of himself made by Owen Humphreys, 4, during a visit to Melmerby village in Cumbria. So, The Prince’s Seeing is Believing Programme (SIB) was set up by Business in the Community in 1990, and in the intervening 14 years the initiative has taken over 3,000 top executives into Britain’s most deprived areas. Each visit focuses on a particular problem, such as under achievement in schools, homelessness, social exclusion, employability, or crime, and the aim is to encourage businesses to participate in existing programmes, or set up their own initiatives, to tackle these problems in their local communities. So successful has Seeing is Believing proved, that 73 per cent of business leaders who have participated in the programme have become more actively involved with their company’s community activities following their visit. Martin Scicluna, chairman of accountants Deloitte, was one of them. He explains: “I attended one of the The Prince of Wales’s Seeing is Believing visits about five years ago when, frankly, our involvement in the community was virtually non-existent, and on my return to my office I vowed to launch an appropriate programme. The Seeing is Believing Programme acted as a catalyst for our firm to start our investment in ‘eSkills4Industry’, a programme which has been presented with one of the Lord Mayor’s Dragon Awards and one of Business in the Community’s Awards for Excellence Big Ticks.” The Prince of Wales with farmer Danny Miller and chief executive of Scottish Business in the Community, Samantha Barber, during his visit to Bilbster Mains Farm in Caithness. The visit was designed to explore ways in which businesses can work with and boost rural economies through opening up access to Scottish and UK markets and strengthening brands. 110604AR04-part2.indd 21 28/6/04 5:43:24 pm In June, The Prince of Wales launched an initiative to encourage landowners to make land available for affordable housing, and to encourage companies to look at the possibility of using disused land and/or existing buildings for affordable homes. Together with The Duke of Westminster, The Prince is now funding two staff to take forward the initiative. In February, His Royal Highness visited an excellent example of an affordable housing project in Kettlewell, North Yorkshire, where he met many of those involved with the project, including tenants Gillian Rackham and her husband Philip, the local gamekeeper. While in Kettlewell, The Prince also attended a meeting with local people who had laboured for 12 years to get the affordable housing project off the ground. The success of the project was praised by Mrs. Rackham, who, after proudly showing His Royal Highness around her new home, said: “The houses are absolutely lovely to live in. We were in a tied cottage before and our future was uncertain. Now we have the confidence to plan and build for the future. The Prince is a wellknown champion of affordable housing and it is lovely of him to come here and meet us.” The plight of the homeless is another area to which The Prince of Wales has encouraged BITC’s members to pay close attention. His Royal Highness has particular concerns about those who find themselves on the street, and strongly believes that helping people to hold down a worthwhile job is key to breaking the cycle which leads to rough sleeping. The result was a new campaign launched in 2000, 22 23 Business Action on Homelessness, which over the years has helped over 1,000 people through training and employment placements. A recent new focus of the homelessness campaign stems from The Prince’s concern about the number of homeless who are exservice men. Last year he visited a new pilot project at Crisis’s Skylight Centre which resulted from a seminar he held with homelessness agencies, including Combat Stress, of which he is Patron. Another initiative, called Project Compass, is designed to help ex-service people to progress towards sustained employment, culminating in attendance at BITC’s existing ‘Ready to Go’ scheme, which provides homeless people with two days of intensive personal development and pre-employment training. Participants also have the chance to take part in ‘Ready for Work’, a two-week work placement with a company during which they are supported by a line manager and a ‘buddy’, and given help in developing a CV. The results of the project so far have been enormously encouraging. The Prince’s work with his International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF) organisation, set up to explain and promote good business practice and corporate social responsibility abroad, saw him last year celebrate the 10th anniversary of the IBLF’s work in Russia during his visit to St Petersburg in July. The Forum has been working to encourage western businesses to support the upkeep of the city’s museums and health services, which were threatened by the economic crisis after the fall of communism. The Prince of Wales is presented with flowers by Alice Rackham standing with her mother Gillian and sisters Emily and Harriet, during his visit to Kettlewell, Yorkshire, where he was guided through the affordable rural housing project by homeowner Philip Rackham. The Prince had championed the need for low-cost rural housing, and in June last year launched a major initiative to encourage landowners and businesses to use their land to provide more affordable housing. “I am so grateful to Business Action on Homelessness. Without them and their dedication I don’t know where I would be. Today, because of them and the Ready for Work programme I have a job which allows me to lead a normal life again. It is a real blessing to have my life back and live normally like everyone else.” Ulisees Duarte, formerly homeless, who has been helped by a BITC programme to get back on his feet 110604AR04-part2.indd 22 28/6/04 5:43:26 pm The IBLF has also been helping restore historic monasteries on the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea, northwest of Archangel. On the last day of his three-day tour of Russia, The Prince visited the islands where IBLF staff have been providing advice and expertise to help develop the location as a site of world cultural, spiritual and natural heritage. The success of the IBLF has been matched by that of In Kind Direct, which in the eight years since its formation by The Prince of Wales has donated £34 million of goods to benefit more than 3,000 charities. Given that many of these goods would otherwise have been destroyed or discarded, not only do good causes benefit but there are also positive economic and environmental spin-offs with companies reducing landfill, saving on storage and disposal costs, and making progress to meet their environmental goals. Looking forward, The Prince of Wales is sure that the role for organisations like BITC, the IBLF and In Kind Direct will become ever more necessary as the pressure on companies to demonstrate their corporate social responsibility grows. There is also little doubt that the business community can make a real and lasting difference to individuals and organisations throughout the country where help is needed most, but where too often, and for understandable reasons, public bodies have neither the skills nor the fleetness of foot to give the help that is needed. The Prince of Wales with Archimandrite Iosif (left) in the Cathedral of the Solovetsky Monastery on the Solovetsky Islands, close to the Arctic Circle in the White Sea, Northern Russia. The monastery was named as a UNESCO World Culture Heritage site in the early nineties, and its development has been assisted by The Prince of Wales’s IBLF. 110604AR04-part2.indd 23 28/6/04 5:43:27 pm The Natural Environment The Prince of Wales has publicly voiced his concerns about the natural environment for decades. Themes to which he often returns are the need for responsible stewardship of our natural resources and for global co-operation to protect our environmental heritage, so that the world can be passed on to future generations in the best possible state. Ten years ago, The Prince of Wales established the Business and The Environment Programme with the objective of helping companies to integrate the concepts of sustainability into their business thinking and practices (i.e. to help businesses ensure that their operations are not inherently short-term or unsustainable because of the damage they do to the environment, communities and/or scarce resources). The programme aims to reach a select group of decision-makers in leading businesses and organisations in order to help them better understand the challenges and opportunities in sustainability, and to inspire them to transform their organisations and develop champions who will help steer business and society towards a more sustainable economy. Each year His Royal Highness holds a gathering at Highgrove for those who have attended Business and the Environment seminars – which now take place in the UK, Austria, South Africa and the United States of America. Last year the theme of the Highgrove meeting was “A Vision for a Sustainable Economy” and, through presentations and discussions, the delegates were encouraged to consider what a truly sustainable economy might look like, to question where society had got to so far and to consider how the gap between the two might be closed. Sustainability is a particularly important issue in the fishing industry, and during the past year one of the main environmental priorities for The Prince of Wales has been to encourage and support sustainable fisheries. Last October, he visited the Loch Torridon Nephrops fishery to commend their Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification and to see whether any lessons learned there might be spread to other fisheries. Having seen something of the methods by which MSC fish are caught, His Royal Highness then visited Coldwater Seafood in Grimsby in January to see an MSC production line. He also joined a round table discussion with major seafood buyers to congratulate those who were embracing the MSC certification process and encourage others who had not participated in the programme to follow suit. 24 25 “In addition to good science and good regulation, we need a system that harnesses the power of the consumer and provides economic incentives to well-managed, sustainable fisheries.” The Prince of Wales speaking at the Marine Stewardship Council gala dinner 110604AR04-part2.indd 24 28/6/04 5:43:28 pm In September 2003, The Prince visited the Scottish Highlands to deliver a certificate of sustainability to the Loch Torridon Nephrops Fishery in Shieldaig. Loch Torridon was the first Scottish fishery to be recognised by the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) for its sustainable management policies. Two months later, The Prince attended a reception before the MSC gala dinner, where he made a speech about sustainable fishing that attracted considerable media coverage. In the speech, His Royal Highness praised the MSC’s work in promoting sustainable fishing: “In addition to good science and good regulation, we need a system that harnesses the power of the consumer and provides economic incentives to well-managed, sustainable fisheries.” The Prince very much believes in practising what he preaches, and last year his Duchy Originals business launched two new food products made from MSC-certified fish. The first was a seafood pâté using Cornish mackerel caught by hand-line fishermen. The second was a kipper and lemon pâté made from Thames Herring, a fish unique to our coastal waters, and which comes from the MSC’s first British - certified fishery. The fish are caught in season using drift nets – a highly sustainable method which protects the young fish stock – and are kippered by a local smokery. The Prince visits Loch Torridon in Scotland to deliver a certificate marking international recognition for a rural prawn fishery in the Scottish Highlands. All fishing in the area is conducted within the boundaries of a voluntary sustainable code of practice drawn up by the fishermen to help preserve stocks of nephrops, more commonly known as langoustine. Members of the fishery said that they were hoping to use the accreditation to help restore the legal controls prohibiting deep trawling three miles from the coast which were scrapped in the 1980s. During The Prince’s visit to Shieldaig, MSC commercial director Hilary Khawam said: “Torridon is an excellent example of what the Scottish fishing industry could follow. In Torridon we found that the fishery was very well managed and that the effect on the ecosystem was minimal.” In January 2004, The Prince again picked up the theme of the MSC’s sustainable fishing certification when he gave a speech at Coldwater seafood in Grimsby, a town long associated with the fishing industry. His Royal Highness said: “In addition to good science and good regulation, we need a system that harnesses the power of the consumer and provides economic incentives to well-managed wild fisheries. That is exactly what the Marine Stewardship Council does, and that is why I have been such a strong supporter of its work right from the start.” The Prince of Wales meets workers during his visit to Coldwater Seafood in Grimsby. 110604AR04-part2.indd 25 28/6/04 5:43:29 pm The Built Environment The Prince of Wales’s desire to protect and sustain the natural environment is matched by his interest in the built environment and how it affects the quality of people’s lives. In looking to the future, The Prince believes more must be done to create urban areas that encourage a sense of community and pride of place, and whose human scale helps alleviate social problems such as vandalism and other forms of crime, social exclusion and depression. To put these ideas and principles into effect, His Royal Highness has developed Poundbury, the urban extension of Dorchester in Dorset, and established his charity The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment, the only institution in the UK which specialises in providing consultancy and education services for large-scale urban development or regeneration projects. 26 27 the communities of which they are part, at the centre of the design process – at the Foundation for the Built Environment’s headquarters in Shoreditch, East London. At the conference, Mr Prescott backed the Foundation’s call for new urban design principles to be embedded in government planning guidance. There is also cross-party interest in The Prince’s desire to foster a sense of community, pride of place, and good building and craftsmanship in new urban developments in Britain, and earlier this year 25 MPs visited Poundbury, where His Royal Highness conducted a tour of the town. The Prince of Wales is also well aware of the importance of supporting the recovery and appropriate redevelopment of abandoned or neglected historic places and buildings, and has established The Prince of Wales’s Phoenix Trust and the Prince’s Regeneration Through Heritage Trust to take forward his work in this area. The At Poundbury, The Prince has overseen the buildings at risk, which are often large 19th development since 1993 of a new community, century mills, hospitals, dockyards or barracks, with special emphasis in its design on taking may also be important focal points for their local account of the well-being of those who live communities which, if appropriately redeveloped and work there. The essence of Poundbury is for commercial and residential use, can be a the integration of land uses. In contrast to the catalyst for the regeneration of whole areas. zoning practices of post-war years, employment, recreation, educational and shopping facilities are integrated with housing, which itself is a mix Like many people up and down the country, he watched the BBC Two series, Restoration, of affordable and private accommodation. Cars with great interest. His Royal Highness sent a are fully accommodated, but constrained by the message of support to the series. The message configuration of streets, and concentrated in was broadcast during the final programme and rear car-parking courtyards. Pedestrian and cycle made the case for support of local heritage movements are favoured, and townscape quality and thanked the hundreds of Civic Trust is a high priority. organisations up and down the nation. Since the programme, The Prince has been connected The results have been so successful that Poundbury has been commended as a model for (in some way or another) with over half of the new growth on green field land by John Prescott, buildings featured in the first series, including the Victoria Baths in Manchester, which he the Deputy Prime Minister. Last November, visited in October 2003, and Kinloch Castle on Mr Prescott joined The Prince of Wales at a the Island of Rum, which the Phoenix Trust is conference on “Traditional Urbanism” – an working on to conserve and to find new uses for. approach to town planning and development, which seeks to put the needs of the people, and 110604AR04-part2.indd 26 28/6/04 5:43:31 pm The redevelopment of Cherry Knowle mental health hospital in Ryhope near Sunderland has been a good example of how communities can benefit from “Enquiry by Design”, a collaborative approach developed by the Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment that allows local people and other stakeholders a say in the design and planning process. Another example of the Phoenix Trust’s work in progress is the Bass Maltings in Lincolnshire, which The Prince visited last November. The Maltings is a series of iconic buildings within the Fens, but it has faced an uncertain future following years of redundancy and two fires. The Prince’s visit coincided with the publication of a feasibility study championed by the Phoenix Trust, which showed that the range of malting buildings had a long-term viable mixed-use future. Work has progressed through the past year to chart a way forward. The Cherry Knowle project is part of a joint initiative by The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment and NHS Estates. The aim of the initiative has been to integrate the newly developed facilities into the proposed extension of Ryhope village, so that mental health care will be provided in a community setting to which local people have contributed their own design ideas. The Prince’s concern for heritage does not stop with saving buildings, but extends to campaigning for the teaching and maintenance of traditional craft skills in construction and restoration. He has sought to achieve, in a practical way, a reconnection with these skills by establishing a Craft Scholarship Scheme within his Foundation for the Built Environment. Since embarking on the “EbD” process, proposals for the development have, among other things, incorporated pedestrian and vehicular links to integrate and connect Cherry Knowle hospital with the urban extension, and identified existing heritage buildings for conversion into new public places for the community. In the future, His Royal Highness hopes to host a seminar at Woodchester Mansion in Gloucestershire to bring together a number of the organisations of which he is President or Patron, as well as those organisations which are active in this area, to see if a unified strategy might be created towards the provision of training in traditional craft skills. Far left and middle left. The Prince of Wales talks to Gill Wright of Friends of Victoria Baths, Manchester. The Baths, built between 1903 and 1906, featured in the BBC television programme Restoration. In January this year, The Prince of Wales visited Cherry Knowle with John Reid, the Secretary of State for Health, to see for himself how the plans were progressing. Alan Hall, chief executive of South of Tyne and Wearside Mental Health NHS Trust, welcomed their visit, saying it allowed them to “see how we hope to provide revolutionary care for our service users, within mixed-use development such as education and leisure which can be used by everyone. Stigma is a major challenge for mental health providers, and we are confident this innovative vision will help us break down this stigma and provide healthcare facilities which are truly part of the community.” Middle right. The Prince walks through Poundbury, Dorset, during a visit to the area. Far right. The Prince tasting produce at the Poundbury Farmers’ Market “Poundbury is important because it puts people before cars. It shows that places to work and places to live can exist side by side. It has affordable housing and market housing – and you can’t tell the difference between the two. It is a truly mixed community.” John Prescott, Deputy Prime Minister 110604AR04-part2.indd 27 28/6/04 5:43:32 pm The Arts His Royal Highness has long been a keen supporter of the arts. As well as his own main arts charities – Arts & Business, The Arts & Kids Foundation, The Prince’s Drawing School and The Prince’s School of Traditional Arts – he is also President or Patron of some thirty major UK arts organisations, ranging from the Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal Opera House to the Royal Academy and the Philharmonia Orchestra. He believes strongly that supporting excellence in the arts is a vital facet of a diverse, civilised society. He works hard to sustain the organisations with which he has a direct connection – by attending their concerts, giving receptions for their supporters, and encouraging their development programmes. In particular, he is keen to help more people, especially young people, to have the chance to experience what is best in the UK arts. The Grade I listed neo-classical interior originally housed the library of King George III, and the new gallery now holds nearly 5,000 objects which draw on the theme of the Enlightenment in Britain. His Royal Highness said the exhibition would help “explain to the public what the Enlightenment was all about – discovery, learning, enterprise, imagination and vision.” Two of The Prince’s interests were combined in a memorable event in September when he was guest of honour at a Shakespeare Gala evening at the Globe Theatre to raise money for The Prince’s Trust. After meeting young people who had taken part in a workshop set up by The Trust to encourage involvement in the arts, His Royal Highness enjoyed watching a host of stars – including Gwyneth Paltrow, Joseph Fiennes and Diana Rigg – perform excerpts from Shakespeare’s plays. The evening proved a great success, raising more than £100,000 to help disadvantaged youngsters through The Prince’s Trust. With this in mind, two years ago he set up Arts & Kids. Working with businesses across the UK, Arts & Kids gives children and young people the As well as championing the arts, His Royal opportunity to engage with the creative arts. The Highness is also a keen artist himself, and in May last year three new lithographs of his organisation is the focal point of a nationwide watercolours were included in a London campaign to enable every child and young exhibition. The lithographs are of Scottish person in the UK to engage directly with art forms, including dance, theatre, opera, literature landscapes and Balmoral. As he has done in and the visual arts. Its objective is ambitious – to the past, His Royal Highness has had 100 copies of each signed lithograph made available for give a million children in the UK the chance, by sale to raise money for good causes. Over the 2008, to gain first-hand experience of the best years, sales of lithographs of The Prince’s the arts have to offer. paintings have raised significant sums of money for charity. Among the many arts-related events The Prince 28 29 participated in last year, one of the highlights was the opening in December of the new Enlightenment Gallery at The King’s Library in The British Museum, which His Royal Highness attended in his capacity as Patron of The King’s Library Restoration Trust. British Museum Director Neil MacGregor said he was delighted to have a direct descendent of George III re-opening rooms at the King’s Library: “King George III wanted this to be available to everybody. Now we have The Prince of Wales resuming this very noble tradition.” 110604AR04-part2.indd 28 28/6/04 5:43:34 pm Shakespeare Schools Festival Involvement in the Shakespeare Schools Festival helped to transform a failing school into one that is now ‘drama mad’. Holloway School in London took part in the festival two years ago with a performance of Macbeth. The school put on a professional performance on the night and two years later, in the words of teacher Mary Casey, “the whole school is drama mad.” The Prince attended a performance at Hackney Empire of A Midsummer’s Night’s Dream by St Aidan’s School in Harrogate. He was there to launch the Million Kids Challenge from Arts & Kids. Now in its fourth year, the Shakespeare Schools Festival has gone from strength to strength and has helped nearly 15,000 11 to 15-year-olds perform on stage all over the country. The organisation of the festival is aided by The Prince of Wales’s Arts & Kids Foundation, of which The Prince is President and founder. The festival offers school children the chance to put on a half-hour production at their local theatre, and has already put thousands of young actors on professional stages. Chris Grace, director of the event, said: “The festival is all about giving young people their first taste of drama, introducing new audiences to their local theatres, and bringing Shakespeare out of the classroom and back onto the stage.” The festival patrons include Kevin Spacey, Judi Dench, Cherie Booth and Tom Stoppard. On the importance of the arts, The Prince said: “The arts are a window on our world that can capture a child’s imagination and let it grow. We should all have the opportunity to look through that window.” The Prince of Wales meets students of his Drawing School during a visit to Smithfield Market, London. The Prince was viewing the work of the students who were making architectural sketches of the market. 110604AR04-part2.indd 29 28/6/04 5:43:34 pm Promoting and protecting Acting as a Catalyst Rural Communities The Prince of Wales has had, over some decades, a perhaps unrivalled opportunity to meet people and to hear their aspirations and concerns as he undertakes ‘awaydays’ and other engagements and visits around the country. His Royal Highness tries to use his access to people from all walks of life to ensure that views and concerns which might not otherwise be heard receive some exposure and support. A good example of how The Prince works to safeguard what he believes is best about Britain is his long-standing suppport for rural communities. As a farmer himself, His Royal Highness cares deeply about the British countryside and the welfare of those who live and work in it. Maintaining a healthy agricultural sector is vital to the country, not just because the landscape relies on the accumulated knowledge of farming communities for its continued stewardship, but also because the social fabric of the countryside depends on a strong farming base. The Prince can act as a catalyst, with often unseen effect, by raising issues in correspondence or at private meetings, seminars and events with a wide range of influential individuals and groups, as well as through speeches and, articles, and television and radio contributions. The Prince also tries to do what he can more generally, to promote and protect national values, traditions and excellence – whether it be encouraging tolerance and respect for other faiths and ethnic groups, supporting traditional ways of life in rural communities, or recognising those who achieve success on the local, national or international stage. As part of The Prince’s determination to support British farmers, particularly smaller family farms, he is doing all that he can to encourage local sourcing, not only by retailers and food-service companies, but also by public bodies such as schools. As His Royal Highness said in November last year at the launch of Business in the Community’s Local Sourcing Guide (a new guide for farmers and small producers to help them to understand the processes involved in working with larger retailers and food-service operators): “We are rapidly losing what is left of our local culture. When we finally wake up and find it is all gone, we cannot just reinvent it or grow it in yet another test tube. It is a living, delicate organism that has to be nurtured because ‘agri-culture’ should be exactly that – a subtle blend of a production system with a profoundly important psycho-social component.” 30 31 110604AR04-part3.indd 30 28/6/04 5:46:07 pm Lynher Dairies Lynher Dairies Cheese is a successful company that recognises the importance of local sourcing and the support for small businesses provided by Business in the Community. The company is known for making the famous nettle-covered Cornish Yarg cheese. Catherine Mead, explains: The Prince with Catherine Mead from Lynher Dairies Cheese (far left) and Joanna Jenner, owner of Barton Pickles (centre), at the launch of the “Opening the Door for Small Business” local sourcing guide. “In our early business planning we rarely considered exactly where our business growth was going to come from. Retail was a broad and all-encompassing sector, as was export. But I can honestly say, I do not think we wrote down the word ‘food-service’, and if we had, we would not have understood what we meant by it. “I did not have an accessible guide that looked at the trade options or considered the implications of targeting one market over another, and what we might have to do to meet the needs of that market. “To have to hand a well-thought-out synopsis of working with the different trade sectors enables the small business to plan and build those market needs into the production process. “The local sourcing booklet, ‘Opening the Door for Small Business’, produced by Business in the Community and the grocery industry think tank IGD, is such a guide. It provides the starting point for ensuring that the small producer can take a professional stance, as opposed to that more ad hoc reactive approach that may well constrain growth through the food-service sector.” Far left. The Prince of Wales is greeted by members of the public as he walks along the Royal Mile in Edinburgh. He visited some of Scotland’s top visitor attractions in a bid to raise the profile of the country’s tourism industry. Left. The Prince at the Real Mary King’s Close, Edinburgh. 110604AR04-part3.indd 31 28/6/04 5:46:09 pm Just after the Foot and Mouth outbreak in 2001, His Royal Highness visited Skipton Auction Mart in Yorkshire to talk to farmers who had suffered particularly badly. In February this year he returned to open the new Craven Rural Business and Skills Centre, which provides a one-stop shop for the local rural community: agricultural merchants, a tractor franchise, a butchery and cutting plant, rural skills training for local young More recently, in February, The Prince, as Patron people and, of course, the auction mart. His of the Soil Association, met representatives Royal Highness was deeply encouraged to see from two schools in North Yorkshire who are the renewed sense of optimism and confidence working with local organic farmers to provide amongst these rural and agricultural businesses. high-quality, locally-sourced organic food for Looking forward, The Prince is determined school meals, giving clear benefits to both to continue doing all he can to help rural farmers and children. communities, and in the coming year his The Prince is also keen to encourage the agenda will include issues such as helping development of co-operatives in the agricultural to develop a viable future for market towns, sector. During a visit to Lincolnshire, he met dismantling the barriers which prevent members of the Lincolnshire Machinery Ring young people from entering agriculture, and Labour Exchange who explained how and encouraging local sourcing and greater their co-operative works and, in particular, co-operation among farmers. the difference it makes to the viability of small farms. He also met a group of farmers in Cumbria to discuss their proposals for a co-operative meat-cutting plant. In the same month, he gave a dinner for senior representatives of the food-service sector to encourage them to consider doing more to buy from British farmers, and, where possible, locally. Following this, the Institute for Grocery Distribution and BITC set up a working party to narrow down areas for action, which will report back in the coming year. 32 33 110604AR04-part3.indd 32 Left. The Prince of Wales, wearing a bright orange Ramal headscarf at the Sri Guru Singh Sabha Gurdwara Sikh Temple, in Southall. 28/6/04 5:46:10 pm The Church of England and Ethnic Minorities The Prince of Wales has regular contact with the Church of England, including meetings with the Archbishop of Canterbury and other bishops. In addition to his attendances at Sunday services, he makes numerous visits to cathedrals and churches around the country throughout the year. Moreover, through his patronage, The Prince supports a number of organisations that aim to preserve these fine buildings. Among others, The Prince is Patron of The Friends of Brecon Cathedral, The Hereford Cathedral Perpetual Trust, The Lincolnshire Old Churches Trust and Music in Country Churches. Several of the organisations which he has established – for example, The Prince’s Trust and The School for Traditional Arts – have made the understanding and intergration of ethnic minorities a key part of their work. Over the year, His Royal Highness engaged with representatives of all the world’s major faiths, and events he attended with UK ethnic minorities ranged from a huge Sikh celebration in Southall to an Eid event with the Muslim College, and from a dinner for World Jewish Relief to the Commonwealth Day Observance at Westminster Abbey. Tourism Promoting tourism in Britain is another feature of The Prince’s working life. When he travels round the country, highlighting attractions for domestic and overseas visitors is a regular part Tolerance of others is often regarded as a of his work. For example, last year His Royal central feature of the British character, and Highness supported British Tourism Day along His Royal Highness has long had an interest in with other members of the Royal Family. As trying, by building bridges in different ways, to part of his contribution, The Prince hosted promote better understanding within the UK and a dinner and lunchtime reception at elsewhere of the world’s different faiths, and Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh. between ethnic minorities and wider society. The event was not just for those who run the Celebrating rather than simply tolerating industry but also those who are in the frontline differences, understanding the importance of – the hotel and guesthouse keepers, the what matters most to different peoples, and operators of the country’s varied attractions, finding and nurturing the cultural and spiritual and the voluntary staff who play such an roots of all groups in our society: these have important role. As part of the Tourism Day, His long been priorities for The Prince, both in his Royal Highness also toured Linlithgow Palace private interests and his public work. in West Lothian, and visited the House for an Art Lover in Glasgow as well as some of the key attractions on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh. Left. The Prince is pictured at Southwark Cathedral with the Dean, the Very Reverend Colin Slee. Left. The Prince watching butchers in action at the Skipton Auction Mart, Yorkshire. 110604AR04-part3.indd 33 28/6/04 5:46:12 pm 110604AR04-appendices.indd I 29/6/04 11:11:36 am Income, Expenditure and Staff Income and Expenditure Account 2004 £000s 2003 £000s Duchy of Cornwall Grants-In-Aid Government Departments 11,913 3,856 292 9,943 2,798 304 Total income and funding 16,061 13,045 5,947 5,627 2,951 825 80 3,856 2,207 478 113 2,798 292 4,406 304 3,843 14,501 12,572 1,560 473 1,442 802 118 (329) Years to 31st March Income and Funding Expenditure Official duties and charitable activities Grants-In-Aid: London office and official residence Official travel by air and rail Communications support Overseas tours and military secondees Tax and personal expenditure Total expenditure Operating surplus Capital expenditure less depreciation, loan repayments and transfer to reserves Net cash surplus (deficit) Income and Funding £millions Duchy of Cornwall 34 35 11.913 The Prince of Wales’s income comes from the Duchy of Cornwall, which consists of around 57,088 hectares of land in 25 counties, mostly in the South West of England. The landed estate includes agricultural, commercial and residential property. The Duchy also has a financial investment portfolio. The Duchy estate was created in 1337 by Edward III for his son and heir, Prince Edward, and its primary function was to provide him and future Princes of Wales with an income from its assets. It was traditional for many centuries for families with landed estates to settle the land and other assets in trust, so that each generation could live off the income but was unable to sell the assets. This was done to ensure that the estate, and the income which it provided, survived from generation to generation. The same principle was applied to the Duchy of Cornwall. Under the 1337 charter, as confirmed by subsequent legislation, The Prince of Wales does not own the Duchy’s capital assets, and is not entitled to the proceeds or profit on their sale, and only receives the annual income which they generate (which is voluntarily subject to income tax). Because of the importance of the beneficiary, the Duchy’s ‘trust provisions’ have, over the years, been set out in legislation, with the financial security of the Duchy overseen by HM Treasury. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 34 29/6/04 11:11:47 am His Royal Highness chooses to use a large proportion of the income from the Duchy of Cornwall to meet the cost of his public and charitable work. In 2003-04, the income due to The Prince of Wales’s Office from the Duchy amounted to £11.913 million, compared with £9.943 million in 2002-03. For a number of years, following the major purchase of the Prudential agricultural property portfolio, the Duchy has been restructuring its property portfolio of commercial, agricultural and residential properties. The 20% increase in the surplus this year is a combination of increased rental income from commercial properties newly acquired in line with this policy, and rent reviews on existing properties. The Prince of Wales is actively involved in running the estate, which is required to be operated on a commercial basis by its parliamentary legislation. However, the long history of the Duchy of Cornwall and The Prince’s own commitment to pass down to his successors an estate in a better and stronger condition than when he became the beneficiary also requires a long-term stewardship approach. With this in mind, The Prince of Wales ensures that environmental and agricultural best practice, and working in partnership with its tenants and local communities, are at the heart of the Duchy’s management approach. He has shown that preserving and sustaining rural communities, as well as supporting traditional craftsmanship and architecture, are not incompatible with achieving a satisfactory financial return. Both the Duchy’s income and the value of its capital assets have increased significantly in recent years. An analysis of The Prince of Wales’s income from the Duchy of Cornwall between the principal asset categories is as follows. Years to 31st March Commercial properties Agricultural land and forestry Residential properties Financial assets 2004 % 2003 % 43 30 14 13 39 33 15 13 100 100 The Duchy of Cornwall’s annual accounts are published by The Stationery Office (TSO) and a copy can be ordered by mail: TSO, PO Box 29, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 LGN online: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop by telephone: 0870 6005522 by fax: 0870 6005533 110604AR04-appendices.indd 35 29/6/04 11:11:48 am £millions Grants-In-Aid 3.856 Funding to pay for official costs incurred by or in support of The Queen as Head of State is provided by Parliament in return for the surrender of the revenue from the Crown Estate. This funding is provided in three ways: (i) a Civil List for The Queen and a Parliamentary Annuity for The Duke of Edinburgh, (ii) Grants-In-Aid, and (iii) costs met directly by Government Departments. The Prince of Wales does not receive money from the Civil List, but the Grants-In-Aid paid to The Queen’s Household are used, in part, to support his official activities. There are three Grants-In-Aid: the Property Services Grant-In-Aid, which meets the costs of maintaining official residences and offices used by Members of the Royal Family and their staff; the Royal Travel by Air and Rail Grant-InAid, which meets the cost of official journeys undertaken by Members of the Royal Family and their staff by air and rail; and the Royal Communications and Information Grant-In-Aid, which is considerably smaller than the other two and meets some official communications costs incurred on behalf of Members of the Royal Family. Annual accounts are published for the three Grants-In-Aid. Copies are reproduced on www. royal.gov.uk or may be obtained from the Deputy Treasurer to The Queen, Buckingham Palace, London SW1A lAA Government Departments 36 37 110604AR04-appendices.indd 36 0.292 The Civil List, Parliament Annuity and the Grants-In-Aid are funds transferred to, and spent and controlled by, the Royal Household. In addition, Government Departments meet directly expenditure incurred in support of The Queen as Head of State. For The Prince of Wales, Government Departments meet expenditure in respect of the provision of staff on secondment from the Armed Services (£214,000 spent by the Ministry of Defence in 2003-04) and the cost of official overseas visits undertaken at the request of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (£78,000 spent by the FCO in 2003-04). 29/6/04 11:11:49 am Expenditure £millions Official duties and charitable activities 5.947 Approximately 50% of The Prince of Wales’s income from the Duchy of Cornwall was spent on official duties and charitable activities. Of the £5.947 million, £3.213 million was the cost of the staff who supported His Royal Highness in carrying out his official duties. An analysis of official expenditure is given on page 44. The Prince of Wales employs 124 full- and parttime staff in his Household, which equates to 111.8 full-time staff. Of these, 84.1 support him in undertaking official duties and charitable activities and 27.7 are personal staff for himself, Prince William and Prince Harry, and Mrs Parker Bowles. Of the official staff, 4.5 are seconded without charge by the armed services as referred to above. The table over the page lists The Prince of Wales’s official staff by Household department and also gives the total cost, including salaries and other expenditure, of each department. Grant-In-Aid: London office and official residence 2.951 The Property Services Grant-In-Aid is the annual funding provided by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport to the Royal Household to meet the cost of the maintenance of, and certain utilities and related services for, the Occupied Royal Palaces. Clarence House is the London office and official residence for The Prince of Wales, Prince William and Prince Harry. It is used for official dinners, receptions and meetings, as well as for offices for His Royal Highness’s official staff. The principal rooms, which are on the ground floor of Clarence House, are open to the public from August until October annually, although closed for a few days during this period while The Prince is in residence. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 37 29/6/04 11:11:50 am £millions Grant-In-Aid: Official travel by air and rail 0.825 The Royal Travel Grant-In-Aid is the annual funding provided by the Department for Transport to meet the cost of official royal travel by air and rail. Official travel by car for The Prince of Wales is paid for from his income from the Duchy of Cornwall. It is an important part of The Prince of Wales’s role as Heir to the Throne to bring together people in different parts of the United Kingdom, to act as a focal point for national life and to represent the country overseas. This involves a significant amount of travel that needs to be undertaken in a way which meets efficiency, security and presentational requirements. In 2003-04 His Royal Highness travelled more than 43,500 miles to and from official engagements in the United Kingdom and overseas. This figure includes almost 26,000 miles of overseas travel. The cost of these journeys amounted to £825,000 in 2003-04. This figure includes the variable costs only for journeys undertaken using 32 Squadron, The Queen’s Helicopter or the Royal Train. This is because the fixed aircraft and train costs are incurred irrespective of whether they are used and do not result from undertaking specific journeys. For a full explanation, see the Grant-InAid for Royal Family Travel by Air and Rail Annual Report 2003-04 – available on www.royal.gov.uk. Grant-In-Aid: Communications support 38 39 0.08 The Royal Communications and Information Grant-In-Aid is the annual funding provided by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport for communication and information services in connection with official royal functions and engagements. The Prince of Wales’s Office incurs expenditure developing and running an overall communications programme, maintaining a Press Office, updating and developing its website, providing general and educational information to the press and public, and providing Press Officers to assist the media at official engagements and visits. The majority of these costs are met by The Prince of Wales personally. However, costs incurred in assisting the media at engagements throughout the country have traditionally been met from the Communications and Information Grant-In-Aid. The cost of this support amounted to £80,000 in 2003-04. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 38 29/6/04 11:11:50 am £millions Overseas tours and military secondees 0.292 The Equerries (one full-time and one part-time) and three of the four Orderlies are seconded from the armed forces to assist The Prince of Wales in undertaking official duties. The role of the Equerries is explained on page 42-43. The cost to the Ministry of Defence in 2003-04 was £214,000. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office meets the cost of The Prince of Wales’s Official Visits abroad (except for travel costs which are met from the Royal Travel Grant-In-Aid). In 2003-04 His Royal Highness visited Russia, India and Oman, Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia. These visits are undertaken at the request of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to build on and strengthen the good relations which the United Kingdom enjoys with countries throughout the world. The cost to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office for The Prince of Wales’s official overseas visits amounted to £78,000 in 2003-04. Tax and personal expenditure 4.406 The Prince of Wales pays income tax voluntarily on the surplus of the Duchy of Cornwall, applying normal income tax rules and at current tax rates, and pays income tax on all other income and capital gains tax like any private individual. In addition to paying for The Prince of Wales’s official duties and charitable activities and his income tax liability, the income from the Duchy of Cornwall is used to meet personal expenditure for The Prince of Wales, Princes William and Harry, and some personal costs of Mrs Parker Bowles. Personal expenditure includes the salary cost of 27.7 full-time equivalent personal staff, including personal secretaries, a chef, grooms, valets, gardeners, farm staff and estate workers and staff for Princes William and Harry and Mrs Parker Bowles. Personal expenditure also includes the appropriate share of the cost of Highgrove House and Birkhall, and of maintaining the estate and garden at Highgrove. Personal expenditure includes the cost of His Royal Highness and Princes William and Harry playing polo. The Prince of Wales now plays polo only to raise money for charity. During 2003, it is estimated that £875,000 was raised. The results of Home Farm, the Prince’s organic farm on the Highgrove Estate, are included under this heading. Home Farm is a working farm established by The Prince of Wales to demonstrate the commercial and environmental benefits of organic farming. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 39 29/6/04 11:11:51 am Staff As at and for the year to 31st March 2004 Full-time equivalent staff Private Secretary and Assistants 3.0 Private Secretaries’ Office Deputy Private Secretary Assistant Private Secretaries Research and Administrative Assistants Correspondence 1.0 3.0 7.1 3.5 17.6 Finance and Administration Treasurer and Assistant Finance Personnel Archives IT Systems Manager Orderlies Reception 40 41 Total official staff as at 31st March 2004 Total cost of official duties and charitable activities for the year to 31st March 2004 110604AR04-appendices.indd 40 474 2.0 1.5 4.2 2.0 3.0 2.0 7.5 1.0 2.0 8.4 1.0 34.6 Charities Director of Charities and Assistant Deputy Director of Charities 1,565 2.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 8.0 Senior Equerry’s Office and Official Engagements and Receptions Senior Equerry and Assistant Equerries Programme and Travel Co-ordinators Butlers Chefs Chauffeurs House Managers and Housekeepers Valet Orchard Room staff Gardeners and Estate Workers Garden Tours Administrator 1,198 2.0 6.0 3.4 3.0 1.0 3.5 2.0 20.9 Communications Communications Secretary and Assistant Press Secretary Assistant Press Secretaries Press Officers and Website Editor Official Costs £000s 2,710 2.0 1.0 3.0 84.1 5,947 29/6/04 11:11:52 am Offices The Prince of Wales’s principal office, where most of his staff work, is in Clarence House, which is adjacent to St James’s Palace in central London. The cost of maintaining the fabric of the London office, as well as of utilities and fixedline telephones (but not other costs for the London office), is met from the Property Services Grant-In-Aid (see page 37). There are also offices for official staff at Highgrove and Birkhall, The Prince of Wales’s private residences. Some costs incurred at Highgrove and Birkhall are, therefore, charged to the ‘Official Duties and Charitable Activities’ expenditure category, although most costs incurred at these two residences are allocated to The Prince’s Personal Expenditure. The duties of each department are described in the following sections. The Private Secretary The Private Secretary is the senior member of The Prince of Wales’s Household and is responsible for all aspects of running the Household and for overseeing His Royal Highness’s charitable and other organisations. The Private Secretaries’ Office The Deputy Private Secretary is responsible for the day-to-day running of the Private Secretaries’ Office. The Deputy and Assistant Private Secretaries facilitate and support The Prince of Wales’s official duties, engagements and charitable activities. They help compile The Prince of Wales’s diary, organise his domestic and overseas programme of visits, arrange briefing sessions, receptions and other functions, administer correspondence, and coordinate research and briefing to support his work. Each Private Secretary is responsible for specific areas and for liaising with certain of The Prince’s organisations. These responsibilities, as well as those of other senior staff, are listed in the Appendix (see page 46). They also ensure that His Royal Highness is kept informed about topical issues, and provide him with background information for letters he writes to ministers and other leading national figures, and for his speeches and articles. The Prince of Wales, Prince William and Prince Harry receive a large number of letters each year. In 2003-04, for example, they received over 33,000 letters. People from all over the world write to The Prince of Wales and his sons, although the majority of the letters are from the United Kingdom. Letters to the Princes cover a wide range of subjects and are often prompted by current issues and debates. The Prince of Wales sees a wide selection of the correspondence and writes personally over 2,000 letters a year. His Royal Highness ensures that letters not answered by himself or his Private Secretaries are replied to by the Correspondence Section on his behalf. Where appropriate, the Correspondence Section will include with replies information about The Prince’s charitable work, interests and activities, as well as historical and other background information for schools and young people. In addition, The Prince of Wales receives many requests from a wide range of charities and other organisations for donations or items for auction. Requests for donations are dealt with by the Finance Section, while requests for items to auction are handled by the Correspondence Section. While it is not possible to respond to all the many requests for items to auction, His Royal Highness donates items such as lithographs of his watercolours, signed books and tours of the garden at Highgrove. In 2003-04, items donated for auction raised in excess of £100,000 for charity. Finance and Administration The Finance and Administration Department is responsible for financial and personnel management, information systems and general administration across the Household. The department is headed by the Treasurer, assisted by the Financial Controller and the Head of Personnel and Administration. The Finance Section exercises financial control through a combination of annual budgets, monthly management accounts and a series of accounting systems and procedures, particularly for the authorisation of expenditure. It is also responsible for achieving best value for money and is putting in place the necessary staff resources to review regularly all categories of spending. The Private Secretaries are supported by researchers, personal assistants and administrative staff, and work closely with their colleagues in The Queen’s Private Secretaries’ Office. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 41 29/6/04 11:11:53 am The Treasurer has financial and administrative responsibility for The Prince of Wales’s UK and US Charitable Foundations. He is also responsible for one of the UK Foundation’s trading subsidiaries, A. G. Carrick Limited, which receives the income from the sale of lithographs of The Prince’s paintings and from royalties from the publication of books. The annual income of the two Charitable Foundations is in excess of £2.5 million. In addition, the Treasurer monitors the financial affairs of His Royal Highness’s key charities and is responsible for publishing, contractual and legal matters. The Personnel Section manages staff recruitment, remuneration, training and development, health and safety and employee relations. The majority of the Household’s information technology systems are provided and supported by the Information Systems Management section at Buckingham Palace. The IT Systems Support Manager is responsible for the day-today operation of these systems. The department also includes Orderlies (who maintain office equipment and are responsible for office supplies, stationery and office cars), and Receptionists. Three Archivists are responsible for managing all the papers and files relating to the public life of The Prince of Wales since the late 1960s. More recent papers in the archive are kept at St James’s Palace and older records are stored in the Royal Archives at Windsor Castle. The Senior Archivist also manages requests for The Prince to become Patron or President of an organisation, and dealings with existing patronages and presidencies. 42 43 110604AR04-appendices.indd 42 A new post of Communications Secretary was created in February to oversee the communications strategy and act as senior media adviser to The Prince of Wales, Prince William and Prince Harry. The Communications Secretary is responsible for the Press Office, which consists of a Press Secretary, two Assistant Press Secretaries, two Press Officers and a Website Editor. The Press Office handles media enquiries on all aspects of The Prince of Wales’s work and role, as well as those of Prince William and Prince Harry, dealing each year with more than 50,000 telephone calls from local, national and international media. The department arranges media facilities for all of The Prince’s public engagements in the United Kingdom and overseas, and issues more than 1,000 press releases, announcements, information bulletins and operational notes each year. Maintaining The Prince of Wales’s website – www.princeofwales.gov.uk – is also part of the Press Office’s role. The website attracts over 950,000 hits per week and is a popular information resource for the media, researchers and the public from the United Kingdom and overseas. In addition to the latest news about His Royal Highness’s engagements, the site provides information on his work and charitable activities, as well as recent speeches, historical details, articles and a picture gallery. Information and news about Prince William and Prince Harry are also available on the site. Senior Equerry’s Office and Official Engagements and Receptions Staff in The Equerry’s Office co-ordinate The Prince of Wales’s programme of engagements. They manage his diary on a daily basis, providing an interface between staff, police and Communications outside organisations, and plan his long-term As Heir to the Throne, there is extensive public programme. They also manage the logistical and and media interest in the activities of The Prince transport arrangements for The Prince’s official of Wales, and of Prince William and Prince Harry. visits at home and abroad. There are usually three overseas tours a year. The Senior Equerry The Press Office’s role is to provide information is a permanent member of staff, but the Equerry and facilitate a better understanding, for a wide is a serving military officer seconded from the audience, of The Prince of Wales’s work and armed forces to the Household for a period of activities. The Press Office also handles media approximately two years. enquiries for the two young Princes, and liaises closely with colleagues in the Buckingham Each year the Prince receives thousands of Palace Press Office in respect of general issues invitations from a wide range of public and to do with the Monarchy as a whole. private sector organisations. Each is given careful consideration by The Prince of Wales himself and his Office. The Senior Equerry and Equerry liaises with the Private Secretaries, the Press Office, and The Prince’s organisations to ensure that each year His Royal Highness covers a broad range of interests and meets a wide cross-section of the people in as many parts of the country as possible. 29/6/04 11:11:53 am The Equerry and Temporary Equerry provide a point of contact for military and defence issues. The Prince of Wales maintains close links with the armed forces, not just in Britain but also in the Commonwealth. As well as holding the rank of Vice Admiral, Lieutenant General and Air Marshal in each of the nation’s armed services, he is also Colonel-in-Chief of 11 regiments of the British Army and six Commonwealth regiments. In addition, he is Colonel of the Welsh Guards, and Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Valley. The Prince of Wales uses his private home at Highgrove, and in particular the Orchard Room within its grounds, for official engagements and entertaining. The Prince of Wales conducts eight Investitures at Buckingham Palace each year and also attends state functions on behalf of The Queen. The Equerry’s Office is responsible for the arrangements for these engagements. Each year The Prince invites more than 18,000 people to go round the garden at Highgrove, finishing with refreshments in the Orchard Room. In the summer, up to eight tours of 25 people can take place each day, amounting to nearly 700 tours a year. In addition, those attending official receptions normally may look around the garden. These tours are designed to recognise service or special situations, but they also demonstrate, by example, the benefits of natural land management and organic gardening. Committed to conserving Britain’s natural heritage, The Prince uses the garden as a conservation area for endangered varieties of plants and flowers. Twenty-six (full-time equivalent) staff manage and organise these occasions. Most of these staff are required on duty seven days a week, including most evenings, with a week on/week off rota worked. Staff who assist The Prince of Wales in a private capacity are not included, and their cost is allocated to personal expenditure Butlers act as ‘front of house’ for The Prince of Wales, meeting guests, organising refreshments and setting up rooms. They work closely with the House Managers, who oversee all the domestic and cleaning arrangements, as well as with the Chefs. For larger receptions and dinners, the Event Managers oversee the planning and administrative and catering arrangements. One Butler is on duty at all times. The Prince of Wales has Valets to assist him with his official clothing and uniforms, and with his personal clothing. That part of their time devoted to The Prince’s official engagements is charged under the ‘official engagements and charitable activities’ heading. Similarly, the costs associated with Chauffeurs driving The Prince of Wales to official engagements and related expenditure are charged in this way. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 43 Visitors to the garden include charitable and gardening groups, while gardening students and researchers also work in the garden throughout the year. No charge is made for the tour or refreshments, but visitors are able to buy items from the Highgrove Shop which donates all its profits to The Prince of Wales’s UK Charitable Foundation. In 2003-04 this raised nearly £90,000 for charity. The Prince employs a team of Gardeners. Because the garden is mainly used for visits by members of the public, the majority of the costs are allocated to official expenditure (although official as well as personal costs are met from His Royal Highness’s private income). The balance, which is assumed to relate to The Prince’s personal enjoyment of the garden, is allocated to personal expenditure. , Official entertaining is an important part of The Prince of Wales’s role. Each year he entertains about 9,000 guests at Clarence House and other Royal residences. These occasions range from receiving official guests and foreign dignitaries to giving dinners and concerts to thank those involved with his charities. In 2003-04, His Royal Highness gave 88 receptions, seminars, lunches and dinners, ranging from small lunches to events for many hundreds of guests. The Orchard Room was designed and built by The Prince specifically for the purpose of entertaining official guests. It is heavily used: in 2003-04, for example, it was used for 37 receptions, seminars and briefings for over 2,900 guests. Charities A new Charities department has been created with the appointment of a Director and Deputy Director of Charities. The new team has responsibility for providing support and advice to The Prince of Wales’s charities, in particular the core 17 organisations, on matters such as corporate governance, donations policies and fundraising, planning, and communications. The department also facilitates liaison and synergy between the charities and helps with the appointment of chairmen and trustees. 29/6/04 11:11:54 am Annual Visits The Prince makes a number of visits to Scotland and Wales every year, and in addition stays for a working week at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Scotland and for a series of official engagements in Wales. The cost of these longer annual visits, which principally relates to receptions and dinners, amounts to approximately £50,000, and is included in ‘official entertaining’ expenditure. Official Costs analysed by expenditure category Expenditure has been analysed and explained in the preceding sections by department. The following table analyses official duties and charitable activities expenditure by category. £000s 2004 £000s 2003 Salaries Training, recruitment and staff welfare Travel and subsistence External consultancy and professional fees Official entertaining Donations and gifts Utilities Residences and offices Press and information services Stationery and office equipment IT systems Housekeeping Insurance Gardens Depreciation 3,213 148 176 238 655 72 116 643 84 80 241 64 40 38 139 3,131 150 189 614 843 45 108 160 85 71 62 26 24 67 52 Total 5,947 5,627 44 45 110604AR04-appendices.indd 44 29/6/04 11:11:55 am The main variances between current and prior year expenditure are explained below. Corporate social responsibility Salaries The Prince of Wales has long been an advocate of businesses being aware of their social responsibilities, and requires his own Household to achieve best practice in this area. The salary costs of £3.2 million relate to the 84.1 official staff and include salaries, National Insurance contributions, pension contributions and other benefits. During the course of the year, additional staff have been employed to strengthen the management team and to staff Clarence House. The 2002-03 figure included restructuring costs. External consultancy and professional fees External consultancy and professional fees fell, partly as a result of the appointment of the Communications Secretary during the year and partly because of exceptional costs in the previous year, including the inquiry by Sir Michael Peat and Mr Edmund Lawson. Professional fees include legal and audit fees. Official entertaining Official entertaining includes receptions, lunches and dinners that take place at Clarence House, the Orchard Room at Highgrove, Holyroodhouse and a number of other locations. Although the costs fell, the level of official entertaining during 2003-4 was broadly comparable. The nature, and therefore the cost of entertaining is variable which, combined with improved cost control, resulted in an overall reduction for the year. The costs include the maintenance, upkeep and rent of the Orchard Room. On environmental matters, His Royal Highness has set targets, among other things, to reduce air emissions by using more fuel-efficient vehicles, reduce waste by purchasing more recyclable products, reduce paper consumption through greater use of double-sided printing, and reduce electronic equipment waste by donating used computers to charities and recycling mobile phones. The Household also actively seeks to support its local communities in Westminster (Clarence House) and Gloucestershire (Highgrove). For example, last year children from a state school in London visited the St James’s Palace offices as part of their history and citizenship curriculum at GCSE, while in Gloucestershire each year, many local groups are invited to tour the Highgrove gardens and the nearby Home Farm to learn something about horticulture and organic farming. The Prince’s staff also contribute to their community as individuals. Residences and offices The increase in expenditure reflects the occupation of Clarence House. The majority of the expenditure on the refurbishment of Clarence House was met by the Property Services Grant-In-Aid. However, the cost of some of the redecoration of Clarence House and the refurbishment of most of its contents was met by The Prince of Wales. IT systems During the course of year, the Household met its objective of providing all office staff with external e-mail and internet access. In addition, the Household invested to develop further the use of information technology as part of the ongoing process of improving management systems and procedures. Housekeeping and Depreciation The increase in both categories of expenditure reflects the occupation of Clarence House. 110604AR04-appendices.indd 45 29/6/04 11:11:56 am Appendix Portfolios of Private Secretaries and other Senior Staff Sir Michael Peat Private Secretary General management and oversight of all aspects of the Household Constitutional, state and ceremonial matters, with the Equerry Overall supervision of media matters The Duchy of Cornwall, with The Treasurer The Prince of Wales’s Charitable Foundation (UK), assisted by the Treasurer Duchy Originals Limited Patronages Overall supervision of The Prince of Wales’s organisations Elizabeth Buchanan Deputy Private Secretary Deputising for the Private Secretary in respect of Private Secretarial matters Wales The Prince’s Trust Rural affairs, agriculture and fishing Business in the Community (including Scottish Business in the Community) Relations with business and industry The natural environment The Prince of Wales’s Business and the Environment programme 46 - 47 Liaising with the Prince of Wales’s charities and organisations on media matters Press facilities for visits and engagements in the UK and overseas Publications Management of The Prince of Wales’s Website Paul Kefford Assistant Private Secretary The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment, with the Private Secretary, and other architectural, heritage and built environment matters The elderly, including PRIME and hospices Disability Gardening Relations with the Anglican and Catholic Churches James Kidner Assistant Private Secretary Foreign and Commonwealth relations, including overseas tours Northern Ireland The Prince of Wales’s International Business Leaders Forum International development Ethnic and faith communities The arts Mark Leishman Assistant Private Secretary Scotland, including Holyrood week Kevin Knott Treasurer, assisted by Philippa Norman, Financial The Prince of Wales’s Foundation for Integrated Health, and other medical and health related Controller, Mimi Watts, Head of Personnel and charities and issues Administration, and David Hutson, Archivist Deputising for the Private Secretary in respect of Education financial, management and administrative issues Rupert Lendrum Financial management, Personnel and IT Senior Equerry Archives and office paper-flow Overall supervision of the programme and diary The Duchy of Cornwall, with the Private Domestic staff Secretary All residences The Prince of Wales’s UK and US Charitable Security Issues Foundations A.G. Carrick Limited Squadron Leader Richard Pattle Publishing, contractual and legal matters Equerry Tradesmen’s Royal Warrants of Appointment Programme and diary Overall financial supervision of The Prince of Wales’s organisations, with the Private Secretary State and ceremonial, with the Private Secretary Military, including veterans and emergency services Paddy Harverson Sport Communications Secretary, assisted by Patrick Harrison, Press Secretary Virginia Carington All media matters for The Prince of Wales, Special Assistant to The Prince of Wales Princes William and Harry and the Duchy The Royal Collection of Cornwall Personal letters and private engagements Assisting the Press Office with TV and other films Claudia Holloway Head of Correspondence Section 110604AR04-appendices.indd 46 29/6/04 11:11:57 am Core Organisations of The Prince of Wales’s charitable enterprise Arts and Business www.aandb.org.uk Business in the Community www.bitc.org.uk Business and the Environment www.cpi.cam.ac.uk In Kind Direct www.inkinddirect.org PRIME - Cymru www.prime-cymru.co.uk PRIME - England www.primeinitiative.org.uk Scottish Business in the Community www.sbcscot.com The Prince’s Drawing School www.princesdrawingschool.org The Prince’s Foundation for The Built Environment www.princes-foundation.org The Prince’s School of Traditional Arts www.princes-foundation.org/traditionalarts The Prince’s Scottish Youth Business Trust www.psybt.org.uk The Prince’s Trust www.princes-trust.org.uk The Prince of Wales’s Arts & Kids Foundation www.artsandkids.org.uk The Prince of Wales’s Foundation for Integrated Health www.fihealth.org.uk The Prince of Wales’s International Business Leaders Forum www.iblf.org The Prince of Wales’s Phoenix Trust/Regeneration Through Heritage www.thephoenixtrust.org.uk Youth Business International www.youth-business.org 110604AR04-appendices.indd 47 29/6/04 11:11:58 am Acknowledgements Designed and produced by Live Printed by Groundworks Photography credits: PA Photos Owen Humphreys Andrew Milligan John Stillwell This report is printed on Munken Lynx, produced in Sweden by Arctic Paper. Arctic Paper’s products are made at Munkedals Mill in Sweden, one of the most environmentally friendly paper mills in the world. Certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) for its ‘Munken Lynx’ product, wood used to produce the paper comes from a forest that is well managed according to strict environmental, social and economic standards. The forest of origin has been independently inspected and evaluated according to the principles and criteria that has been agreed and approved by the FSC. For more information please visit www.arcticpaper.com 48 110604AR04-appendices.indd 48 29/6/04 11:11:59 am
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