EOC Review for COMPOUNDS
1.
In MgBr2 what is the oxidation state of bromine? ____ of
magnesium? ___
2. In SrI2 what is the oxidation state of strontium? ____ of
iodine? ___
3. A covalent bond will form between two _____ such as ___ &
___.
4. When a metal and a non-metal react, they will form an
__________ bond.
5. The term ionic bond refers to _________ of electrons in the
bonding process.
6. Draw the Lewis dot diagram for water.
7. Write the formula for copper (II) chloride __________
8. Name LiBr _________
9. Name the covalent compound PO2 _____________; PO
_______
10. What is the name of BaCN? _______________
11. An __________ formula shows the lowest reduced
subscripts.
12. A ________ formula provides the exact number and type of
atoms in the compound.
1
In MgBr2 what is the oxidation state
of bromine? Of magnesium?
• Oxidation state simply means…what is the
charge on the element?
• Charges are found (usually) by looking on
the periodic table.
• Charge for most elements depends on the
group number.
• Mg is in group number 2 and has a charge
of +2
In MgBr2 what is the oxidation state
of bromine? Of magnesium?
• For a compound to be neutral (no charge),
the charges must cancel.
• Mg has a +2 charge, therefore the Br side
must have -2 total charge
• There are two Br’s, therefore each Br must
have a charge of -1 each.
• As a check, bromine is located in group
17. Each element in group 17 usually has
a charge of -1.
2
In SrI2 what is the oxidation state of
strontium? ____ of iodine? ___
• Sr is in group #2 and has a charge of +2
• SrI2 is a neutral compound so the iodine
side must total a charge of -2
• Each Iodine must therefore have a -1
charge.
• Check: Iodine is in group 17. Each of the
elements in group 17 usually has a charge
of -1.
A covalent bond will form between
two _____ such as ___ & ___.
• Covalent bonds form between two nonmetals.
• These are located to the right of the stair-step
line (plus Hydrogen).
• These elements share electrons (but not always
equally…that’s where polar and nonpolar
molecules come into play)
• Ex. NH3, NO, CCl4, H2O, etc
• Co as in co-operate, share. Weaker bonds,
lower melting/boiling points, don’t conduct,
• Less rigid,
ex. Butter, sugars
3
When a metal and a non-metal
react, they will form an __ bond.
• Ionic bond
• Ionic bonds are formed from a metal on
the left side of the stair-step line and a
non-metal on the right side of the stairstep line.
The term ionic bond refers to ____
of electrons in the bonding process.
• Transfer, stealing, not sharing at all
• I-own-it bond as in I, me, mine
• These are strong bonds usually forming
salts
• High melting/boiling points, conduct
electricity in solution, rigid structure
• Ex. NaCl (table salt)
4
• Draw the Lewis dot structure for water
Write the formula for copper (II)
chloride
• This is a neutral compound so charges
must cancel.
• Copper II means that copper must have a
+2 charge
• Chloride means chlorine
• Chlorine resides in group 17 and has a
charge of -1
• There must be two -1 charges to cancel
the +2 charge
5
Write the formula for copper (II)
chloride
• Therefore the formula for copper (II)
chloride must be
• CuCl2
Name LiBr
•
•
•
•
Lithium is a group 1 metal
Bromine is a group 17 non-metal
Therefore the bond is ionic
Ionic nomenclature (naming) requires this
compound to be named using the metal
followed by the non-metal with an –ide
ending.
• So…Lithium bromide is the name.
6
Name the covalent compound PO2
_________; PO _______
•
•
•
•
Phosphorus is a non-metal
Oxygen is a non-metal
Therefore the compound is covalent
Rules of naming covalent compounds
require mono, di, tri, tetra, etc. prefixes
• Therefore PO2 is Phosphorus dioxide
• PO is Phosphorus monoxide (two vowels
are not written together between prefix
and element)
What is the name of BaCN?
_______________
• BaCN is a polyatomic compound because
it is composed of more than two elements.
• CN- is the polyatomic ion cyanide
• These compounds are named with the first
element’s name and then the polyatomic
name.
• Therefore BaCN is Barium cyanide.
7
An _______formula shows the
lowest reduced subscripts.
empirical
• CH2O is the empirical
(generic) formula for
sugar(s)
A _____ formula provides the exact
number and type of atoms in the
compound.
molecular
Glucose C6H12O6 contains
6 carbon atoms
12 hydrogen atoms
6 oxygen atoms
8