Application Guide
Properties of Non-Metallic Solids
Reference Data
Physical properties of
solids, liquids and gasses.
*At or near room temperature
**Thermal conductivity will decrease with
age
and use.
To convert to kg/m3 multiply lb/ft3 by 16.02
To convert to kJ/kg multiply Btu/lb by 2.326
To convert to kJ/kg-°C multiply
Btu/lb-°F by 4.187
To convert to W/m-°C multiply
Btu -in/hr-ft2-°F by 0.1442
Material
*Density
lb./ft3
Specific
Heat
Btu
lb.-°F
*Thermal
Conductivity
Btu-in
hr.-ft2-°F
Melting
Point
°F
(Lowest)
Allyl, Cast
Alumina 96%
Alumina 99.9%
Aluminum Silicate
(Lava Grade A)
82.5
232
249
149
0.55
0.20
0.20
0.2
12.1
110.9
270
9.1
3812
3812
3690
Aluminum Nitride
Amber
Asbestos
Ashes
Asphalt
199
65.6
36
40-45
65
0.19
1179
3992
0.25
0.2
0.4
0.44
0.49
1.2
250±
40
Bakelite Resin, Pure
Barium Chloride
Beeswax
Boron Nitride
(Compacted)
74-81
240
60
0.3-0.4
0.10
1.67
1697
144±
75
142
0.33
125
5430
Brick, Common Clay
Brick, Facing/Building
& Motors
Calcium Chloride
Carbon
100
140
0.23
0.22
5
8
157
138
0.17
0.20
165
Carnauba Wax
Cement, Portland Loose
Cerafelt Insulation
Ceramic Fiber
Chalk
62.4
94
3
10-15
112-175
0.8
0.19
0.25 @1000°
0.27
0.215
2.04
1.22
***
5.76
Charcoal Wood
Chrome Brick
Clay
Coal (Course Anthercite)
Coal Tars
17.5-36
90±10
80
78
0.242
0.17
0.224
0.32
0.35-0.45
Coke
Concrete (Cinder)
Concrete (Stone)
Cordierite
(AISI Mag 202)
62-88
100
144
0.265
0.16
0.156
5.3
9.5
131
0.35
9.12
Cork
Cotton (Flax, Hemp)
Delrin
Diamond
Earth, Dry & Packed
13.5
92.4
88
219
94
0.5
0.31
0.35
0.147
0.44
0.36
0.41
1.56
13872
0.9
Ethyl Cellulose
Fiberglass
(Microlite Duct Insulation)
Fiberglass
(Spin-Glas 1000 Insulation)
67-74
0.75
0.32-0.46
3
0.612
9.6
9
11
1422
6700
Latent
Heat of
Fusion
Btu/lb.
72
3160
2680
0.28
0.26
CONTINUED
Application Guide
Reference Data
Material
*Density
lb./ft3
Specific
Heat
Btu
lb.-°F
*Thermal
Conductivity
Btu-in
hr.-ft2-°F
Melting
Point
°F
(Lowest)
Firebrick, Fireclay
Firebrick, Silica
Flourspar
Forsterite (AISI Mag 243)
Garnet
137-150
144-162
0.243
0.258
0.21
6.6
7.2
2900
3000
25.5
3470
Glass
Granite
Graphite
165
160-175
130
0.20
0.192
0.20
5.4
13-28
1.25
Ice
Isoprene (Nat’l Rubber)
57
58
0.46
0.48
15.36
1.0
Limestone
Litharge
Magnesia
Magnesite Brick
130-175
0.217
0.055
0.234
0.222
3.6-9
3.6
14.4
15.6
14.4
Physical Properties of Solids,
Liquids and Gasses.
Continued
0.176
225
159
0.48
10.8-30
Magnesium Oxide
Before Compaction
After Compaction
Magnesium Silicate
Marble
147
190
175
150-175
0.21
0.21
Marinite I @ 400°F
Melamine Formaldehyde
Mica
Nylon Fibers
Paper
46
93
185
72
58
0.29
0.4
0.20
0.4-0.5
0.45
0.89
3
3
Paraffin
Phenolic Resin, Cast
Phenolic Formaldehyde
Phenolic, Sheet or Tube
Laminated
Pitch, Hard
56
84
78-92
0.70
0.3-0.4
0.38-0.42
1.56
1.1
78
83
0.3-0.5
2.4
69-76
0.35
2.28
0.34
0.3-0.5
1.32
0.3-0.4
0.25-0.3
0.28
0.3-0.5
0.35
0.3
0.2-0.35
0.54
1.2-2.3
1.2-2.4
1.68
1.68
1.02
1.38
3.96-5
2.28
0.27-0.31
0.46
2.5-6.8
1.72
Plastics:
ABS
*At or near room temperature
**Thermal conductivity will decrease with age
and use
To convert to kg/m3 multiply lb/ft3 by 16.02
To convert to kJ/kg multiply Btu/lb by 2.326
To convert to kJ/kg-°C multiply
Btu/lb-°F by 4.187
To convert to W/m-°C multiply
Btu-in/hr-ft2-°F by 0.1442
175
Acrylic
Cellulose Acetate
Cellulose Acetate
Butyrate
Epoxy
Fluoroplastics
Nylon
Phenolic
Polycarbonate
Polyester
Polyethylene
Polyimides
Polypropylene
Latent
Heat
of
Fusion
Btu/lb.
69-74
76-83
74
66-88
131-150
67-72
85-124
74-78
66-92
57-60
3.48
90
55-57
0.21
2200
1202
(sublimination)
32
1472
1627
507
5165
5165
0.82
133
63
300±
1.0
1.2-2.3
CONTINUED
Application Guide
Reference Data
Material
*Density
lb./ft3
Physical Properties of Solids,
Liquids and Gasses.
Continued
Plastics:
Polystyrene66
Polyvinyl Chloride Acetate
72-99
Porcelain145-155
Potassium Chloride124
To convert to kg/m3 multiply lb/ft3 by 16.02
To convert to kJ/kg multiply Btu/lb by 2.326
To convert to kJ/kg-°C multiply
Btu/lb-°F by 4.187
To convert to W/m-°C multiply
Btu-in/hr-ft2-°F by 0.1442
Teflon® is a registered trademark of E.I. du
Pont de Nemours & Company.
*Thermal
Conductivity
Btu-in
hr.-ft2-°F
0.32
0.2-0.3
0.26
0.17
0.36-0.96
0.84-1.2
6-10
Melting
Point
°F
(Lowest)
Latent
Heat of
Fusion
Btu/lb.
1454
Potassium Nitrate
Quartz
Rock Salt
Rubber Synthetics
Sand, Dry
132
138
58
88-100
0.26
0.26
0.219
0.40
0.191
Silica (fused)
Silicon Carbide
124
112-125
0.316
0.20-0.23
10.0
866
Silicon Nitride
197
0.16
208
Silicone Rubber
Soapstone
78
162-174
0.45
0.22
1.5
11.3
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Cyanide
Sodium Hydroxide Bath
(75% NaOH and
Mixed Salts)
135
135
94
110
0.30
0.22
0.30
0.28
520
1474
1047
550
Sodium Nitrate
Sodium Nitrite
Sodium/Potassium
141
135
0.29
0.30
584
520
132
110
0.32
0.37
2.4± @ 600°F
130
115
0.29
0.38
Soil, Dry Including Stones
Steatite
Stone
Stone, Sandstone
Sugar
127
162
Sulphur
Tallow
Teflon®
Urea, Formaldehyde
Vinylidene
Vinylite
Wood, Oak
Wood, Pine
Zirconia
Nitrate Baths:
Draw Temp 275
Solid
Liquid
Draw Temp 430
Solid
Liquid
*At or near room temperature
**Thermal conductivity will decrease with age
and use.
Specific
Heat
Btu
lb.-°F
9.6
633
3137
1495
1.0
2.26
3137
4892
(sublimination)
3452
(sublimination)
72
275
94
2.4± @ 600°F
430
49
0.40
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.30
3.6
17.4
2500
125
60
135
97
107
0.203
1.8
0.25
0.4
0.32
1.7
73
50
34
368
0.29
0.57
0.67
0.12
130-150
105
320
1.2
0.9
17.3
230
90±
4892
17