The Truth About
STDs/STIs
Presented by Denise Piper
LPN
School Based Health Ed.
Family Planning Center
of Ocean County
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Located Rt. #9 Lakewood
Sliding fee scale
Insurance accepted
Confidential
Quality gynecological care
Services Offered
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Complete Gynecological Exams
Pap Smears
Birth Control Info and Supplies
STD/ STI Screening and
Treatment
• Pregnancy Testing
• Emergency Contraception
• HIV Screening
What to expect at
Gynecologist
When should you have your 1st
check up?
• Once you become sexually active
• If not sexually active, then by the
time you are 21 yrs old
• If you have anything that seems
unusual
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The Check Up!
Medical History
Ht, Wt and BP
Finger stick- anemia
Urine sample
Change into gown
Breast exam
Exam of external sex organs
Bimanual- Exam of internal sex organs
Pap smear
Tools of the Trade….
• The speculum.
• Side view of
speculum
inserted
…the cervix
• Opening called
the “os”. Site
where we take
cells for the pap
test.
• This is a healthy
cervix. See the
“os”.
Tools of the trade…..
• Cyto-brush
• Specimen slide
• Vaginal Swab- Female
• Urethral Swab- Male
Men’s Health
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Monthly TSE
Lumps
Swelling
Changes in size or
color of a testicle
• Know what's
normal so you can
tell when it’s not
Three types of STD/STIs
Bacterial
• curable
• treated with
antibiotics
Viral
• incurable
• treat symptoms
only
Parasitic
• treatment available
otc
How does it happen?
• Spread by sexual contact with
someone already infected. By the
exchange of bodily fluids. Blood,
Semen and Vaginal Fluids!
• Sexual contact refers to all forms of
sexual contact. Vaginal, Oral, Anal
and Skin to Skin!
• STIs Do Not Discriminate. Anyone
can have one.
• Men & Women between the ages of
15 & 25 are more likely to be
infected.
Chlamydia
#1 Bacterial Infection
• About 3 million new cases each
year.
• Especially common among 15-25
year olds.
• Multiple sex partners
• Known as the “Silent STD” because
there can be virtually no symptoms.
• 75% women 50% men no signs.
Symptoms
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Females
abnormal vaginal
discharge
Pelvic pain
Painful or
frequent urination
Irregular bleeding
or spotting
Males
• Painful, burning
sensation during
urination
• Watery or mucus
like discharge
from penis
• Pain in testicles
Complications
*if left untreated
• Pelvic
inflammatory
disease (PID)
• Swollen and
tender testicles
(Epididymitis)
• Unhealthy Cervix
• Abnormal Discharge
Good Reason to use
a Condom!!!!!!
Gonorrhea
“ The Clap”
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Females
Pelvic/back pain
Yellow vaginal
discharge
Unusual vaginal
bleeding/spotting
Painful urination
Fever
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However, most
women do not
show symptoms! •
Major reason for
PID and infertility!!!
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Males
60-70% of the time
symptoms appear
in 2-5 days
Burning sensation
when urinating
Yellow-green
discharge from
penis
Fever
Painful sex!!!!
Gonorrhea
• Characterized
by drip or
discharge
• Very painful
urination
Targets Mucus
Membranes which are:
• Urethra, vagina, cervix, anus
and rectum.
• Eyes
• Mouth, tongue and throat! *
*Who says
is risk free?
Autoinoculation
which means to
self infect.
Wash your hands if
you touch body
fluids!
Can lead to blindness
All babies given
antibiotic drops in
eyes at birth.
Testing & Treatment for
Chlamydia & Gonorrhea.
• Diagnosed by urine test or by a
cotton swab from the cervix
(woman) or urethra (man)
• Treat early with antibiotics
Don’t let embarrassment or fear
prevent you from asking for info,
getting testing and seeking
treatment!!!!!
Syphilis
• Bacterial infection.
• Will cause permanent damage if
not diagnosed and treated early.
• Symptoms vary according to
stage of disease.
• Usually diagnosed by a blood
test.
Stage 1- Primary
• Occurs in males and females. May
have no symptoms, but if you do, 1-6
weeks after infected.
• A painless sore called a “chancre”
on the genitals, anus or mouth. They
will heal and go away on their own
within 3-6 weeks.
This may lead you to falsely believe it
was nothing.
Stage 1 “chancres”
Stage 2- Secondary
Usually occurs 2-12 months
after Stage 1
• Rash: usually lasts 2-6 weeks
• Not itchy
• May resemble a bad case of
acne.
• Can appear on trunk of body,
palms, face, genitals and soles
of feet.
• Headaches, joint pain, fever,
loss of appetite and hair loss
Looks different on
everyone!
Stage 3-Latent Stage
10-25 years after Stage 2.
At this point Incurable!!!
• No visible (surface) symptoms,
serious internal damage, may
last for several years.
• Neurological problems,
dementia, blindness, deafness,
heart disease, aneurysms and
brain damage. Basically ALL
MAJOR ORGANS!
Syphilis Stage 3
damage to body over time..
• Hole through roof
of mouth.
• Lesions can
ulcerate and cause
scarring.
Testing and Treatment
for Syphilis
• Syphilis is usually diagnosed by
a blood test.
• Antibiotics, such as a shot of
penicillin is an effective
treatment.
• Treatment early is imperative to
preventing permanent damage.
Viral Infections
Not Curable
HSV
Herpes Simplex Virus
• Chronic virus that stays in body for
life
• Two types: HSV 1 and HSV 2
HSV 1- Oral Herpes
(cold sores aka fever blisters)
Affects the mouth. Can possibly be
passed to genitals through oralgenital contact.
HSV 2
Genital Herpes
• Virus incurable
• Treatment available for
symptoms only
• Spread through skin to skin
contact or contact with blisters.
• Usually diagnosed by culturing
an open sore or blood test.
Symptoms
Male and Female
• Fever, body aches, flu like feeling
(1st outbreak)
• Extremely painful, fluid filled blisters
on the vulva, penis or anus
• Sometimes not blisters but sores or
bumps which may be mistaken for
jock itch or razor burn.
• Tingling sensation at site where
lesions develop.
• Swollen glands
Blisters
HSV 1
..as time goes by.
• Virus lies dormant in nerve cells of
body.
• Average 4 to 6 outbreaks per year.
• Stress, health, fatigue may
contribute to outbreaks.
• No cure. Only medications to reduce
the number and severity of future
occurrences.
•You can still spread Herpes even if you
are taking medication!!!!!!!
HPV
Human Papilloma Virus
• HPV is the most common viral STD
in the US.
• More than ½ of all sexually active
teens have been infected with HPV
• Some strains cause genital warts.
Other types of HPV infection are
associated with cervical dysplasia
and cancer of the cervix, vulva,
penis and anus.
• Warts can also be found orally or
rectally. Depending upon your sexual
practices.
• HPV and Genital Warts are spread by
direct skin-to-skin contact during vaginal,
anal or oral sex with someone who has
this infection.
Risk factors include:
• Started having sex at an early age.
• You or your partner have had multiple sex
partners.
• History of STDs.
• You do not use condoms.
• Smoking
Symptoms
• Warts are sometimes not visible for
months or years after infection.
• Painless bumps or cauliflower –like
growth on or around your vulva,
cervix, scrotum, groin, penis , anus
and inner thighs.
• Growths can be raised, flat, small or
large.
• Sometimes can’t detect because
they are too small, blend in with your
skin tone and are painless.
• Only Pap test can detect changes to
cervix.
Genital warts
• Depending upon your sexual
practices you can get peri-anal
warts or oral warts.
Testing & Treatment for
HPV
• Can be detected in a clinical exam
• Visible warts can be removed by
burning, freezing or lasering them off
or through topical RX medication.
• Do NOT use OTC “wart medicine” for
genital warts!!!!
• Virus stays in your body or your
immune system takes care of it.
Only treatment for symptoms.
• Vaccines available.
• Regular check ups and a healthy
lifestyle.
• Aka Pubic lice
• Highly contagious
• Sexually and
casually
transmitted
• Thrives in warm
moist environment
(genital area)
• Easy to get
• Hard to eliminate
Closer look…….
Eggs appear as specks
attached to pubic hair.
Crabs are imbedded in the
Skin.
Symptoms
(men and woman)
• Redness in infected area.
• Very itchy in area where the insect
burrows
• Rust colored speckles on underwear.
This is blood from the bites.
• They are primarily in the abdominal,
pubic and peri-anal region, however
they can travel to other areas with
hair. (e.g. eyelashes, brows and
scalp.)
Treatment
• Insecticide lotion, soap or
shampoo (Nix or Rid).
• Wash all bedding, towels,
clothing etc in very hot water
(140 degrees ^).
• Shaving pubic hair off will not
treat or prevent crabs.
Abstinence or
condoms!!!
• Do not let embarrassment or
fear prevent you from getting
info, testing or treatment.
• Communicate with your partner
about STDs, condom use and
sexual history.
• If you are not comfortable
enough with your partner to talk
about STDs, perhaps you should
not be having sex at this time.